EP4018149B1 - Breech system and barrelled weapon - Google Patents
Breech system and barrelled weaponInfo
- Publication number
- EP4018149B1 EP4018149B1 EP20746601.2A EP20746601A EP4018149B1 EP 4018149 B1 EP4018149 B1 EP 4018149B1 EP 20746601 A EP20746601 A EP 20746601A EP 4018149 B1 EP4018149 B1 EP 4018149B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- breech
- wedge
- locking
- guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
- F41A3/10—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with sliding breech-block, e.g. vertically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
- F41A17/42—Safeties for locking the breech-block or bolt in a safety position
Definitions
- the invention relates to a closure system with the features of the preamble of claim 1, according to RU 2 678 934 C1 .
- a wedge breech block for a barrel weapon is known.
- the wedge breech block has a locking wedge that can be opened downwards perpendicular to the bore axis of the weapon barrel.
- a vertical wedge bolt for a large-caliber gun is known, which can be opened and closed by means of a cradle-mounted external drive and a cradle-mounted opening lever.
- the DE 10 2009 037 899 A1 discloses a wedge breechblock for a barrel weapon with a base plate connected to the rear of the weapon barrel.
- the wedge breechblock has several locking devices that hold the breechblock wedge in an open position when loading the weapon.
- the breechblock wedge remains in its open position as long as a rammer holds the locking devices in a position that locks the wedge breechblock when loading a cartridge.
- a barrel weapon with a barrel breech is known, each featuring a wedge breech.
- the wedge breech has a base piece and a breech wedge, which can be opened and closed via a breech mechanism.
- a spring-loaded control unit with movable elements is arranged on the cradle. These actuate the breech mechanism on the base piece when the base piece has advanced far enough after a shot has been fired that these elements come into contact.
- a locking mechanism is located on the base of the wedge breech, which can be used to open and close the wedge breech.
- a guide mechanism is fixed to the cradle of the barrel weapon, which can be used to operate a lever of the locking mechanism to open and close the breech. If the wedge breech is to remain closed after firing, the guide mechanism must be manually swung away.
- the already known gun barrel bolts have an opening lever and a closing lever for manual opening and closing apart from firing a shot, which are operated separately.
- existing rifle barrel bolts do not allow for intermediate positions of the bolt wedge between the fully open and closed positions. This means that externally driven bolts can only be opened when fully advanced, preventing smoke extractors from achieving optimal effectiveness.
- the object of the invention is to create a locking system that automatically locks in the open position.
- a locking system for a weapon barrel, in particular one mounted in a cradle, displaceable from a rest position to a return position, comprising a locking system for a barrel weapon, in particular with a weapon barrel displaceable in a cradle from a rest position to a return position, comprising a base piece with a locking wedge displaceable, in particular transversely to the bore axis of the weapon barrel, between a closed and an open position, a locking mechanism attached to the base piece and a cradle-fixed guide piece with a guide element, wherein the guide element has an actuating element for actuating the locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism has a lever mechanism actuable by the actuating element.
- the locking mechanism has a locking lever coupled to the lever mechanism, whereby the locking wedge can be locked in its open position by the locking lever.
- a tube weapon is provided with a cradle and a weapon barrel displaceably mounted in the cradle from a rest position to a return position, comprising at least one such locking system or one further developed as follows.
- the bolt wedge is thus held in place by the bolt mechanism. Loading the weapon and closing the bolt can thus be decoupled. The bolt wedge can thus be kept open independently of loading and unloading.
- the actuation of the bolt in particular the opening of the bolt, is carried out by the actuating element attached to the cradle.
- the bolt is opened by the actuating element and simultaneously actuated by the lever mechanism in such a way that the bolt can be locked in its open position by the locking lever.
- the locking system is a gun barrel lock.
- the locking mechanism has a locking support which interacts with the locking lever and which can be unlocked by the locking lever via an unlocking mechanism which is coupled to the locking support.
- a smoke extractor mounted on the weapon barrel achieves an improved effect.
- the unlocking mechanism is connected to an unlocking cam which is arranged in the base piece opening.
- the release cam is actuatable by a part of the automatic loader, such as a cartridge loading head, a loading tray or a loading head.
- the unlocking mechanism can be actuated independently of the loading process by a part of the automatic loader, such as a cartridge loading head, a loading tray, or a loading head.
- the unlocking mechanism is not unlocked immediately after the cartridge is loaded, but only after a part of the automatic loader has been removed from the bolt.
- the bolt wedge is only closed again when the part of the automatic loader retracts after the actual loading process and the unlocking cam is actuated, thereby actuating the unlocking mechanism and releasing the locking lever from the locking support.
- the locking lever is rotated for this purpose so that it is decoupled from the locking lever by the locking support.
- unlocking can also be done during the loading process in the forward/loading movement of the cartridge loading head.
- unlocking can alternatively also be carried out using the ejector levers if their forward movement during the loading process actuates the locking lever or the locking support by means of a lever, so that the locking lever is decoupled from the locking support and closes the locking wedge.
- the locking wedge is preferably caught in the open position, for which purpose the locking lever is rotated over the locking support by a return spring and is thus blocked.
- the lever mechanism comprises a folding lever which interacts with the actuating element in such a way that the lever mechanism can be actuated in one actuating direction by the actuating element and the folding lever can be folded away in a direction opposite to the actuating direction.
- the folding lever works together with the actuating element.
- the base piece comprises a bearing in which the cradle-fixed guide piece is mounted in an axially movable manner.
- the base piece to be mounted axially movable relative to the cradle.
- the cradle-mounted guide piece acts as an anti-twist device between the base piece and the cradle, preventing the base piece from twisting relative to the cradle while still allowing axial movement.
- the locking mechanism has a rack and the lever mechanism comprises a toggle lever, wherein the toggle lever comprises a coupling, a toggle joint and a lever, wherein one end of the lever is coupled to the rack and one end of the lever is coupled to the locking lever via the toggle joint of the toggle lever.
- the locking mechanism can be provided with an opening shaft with a gear, wherein the gear engages with the rack.
- the gear is arranged on the opening shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the opening shaft has an opening lever which interacts with the locking wedge in such a way that the locking wedge can be moved between a closed and an open position by the opening lever.
- the opening lever is firmly connected to the opening shaft so that the locking wedge can be moved in its position by turning the opening shaft.
- the actuating element is designed in such a way that, when the barrel weapon is advanced, it interacts with the lever mechanism in such a way that the locking wedge can be displaced between the closed and the open position by means of the lever mechanism, in particular in interaction with at least the rack, the gear wheel, the opening shaft and the opening lever.
- the rack is connected to a wedge closing spring, in particular arranged in the rack, by means of which the locking wedge can be pretensioned in the open position towards its closed position.
- the wedge closing spring slows down the locking wedge when it is moved from the closed to the open position and stores energy in the open position. When the wedge is unlocked, the wedge closing spring provides the energy to move the wedge from the open to the closed position.
- the locking system has a drive, in particular a linear drive, which is designed to realize an axial displacement between the drive and the guide element, so that the actuating element can be displaced in its position relative to the lever mechanism by the drive.
- the drive allows the locking wedge of the locking system to be opened and closed in its rest position. Furthermore, the drive allows the locking wedge to be positioned in intermediate positions between the closed and open positions. These intermediate positions can be reached without causing any safety issues.
- the drive and actuating element are designed such that they decouple automatically as soon as the bolt wedge is opened due to a shot being fired.
- the bolt actuation by the drive is thus decoupled from the forward movement of the recoiling mass.
- Another advantage is that only one drive is used for the opening and closing functions. Furthermore, the function of keeping the bolt closed after the shot can be implemented. All essential functions for operating the bolt wedge can be implemented by one drive, such as opening in advance, closing and opening on demand, and/or keeping the bolt closed after the shot.
- the drive can be designed in such a way that the locking wedge can be opened by the actuating cam and can also be opened and/or closed by the drive.
- the actuating cam can be spring-loaded and/or damped relative to the drive.
- a spring and/or damper can be provided at the appropriate location.
- a preloaded spring is preferably provided.
- the guide element is designed as a guide carriage mounted axially displaceably on the guide element, wherein the guide carriage is mounted axially displaceably along the guide rail.
- the actuation is achieved by means of the guide carriage, which is mounted on the guide profile for linear movement.
- the position of the guide carriage is determined by the drive.
- the transmittable force is limited by a spring-loaded mechanism.
- the actuating cam which activates the lifting mechanism, is located on the guide carriage.
- the guide element is designed as a guide profile with the actuating element, wherein the guide profile is displaceably mounted directly on the base piece.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a barrel weapon 1 with a locking system 10 according to the invention according to a first embodiment.
- the barrel weapon 1 comprises, in addition to the locking system 10, a cradle 40 and a weapon barrel 20, which is slidably mounted in the cradle 40.
- the weapon barrel 20 is slidably mounted in the cradle 40 between a rest position and a return position.
- the locking system 10, which has a base piece 12, is arranged at the end of the weapon barrel 20. Barrel brakes 30 and barrel pre-hollowers are formed between the base piece 12 and the cradle 40.
- the locking system 10 is thus provided for the weapon barrel 20 which is mounted in the cradle 40 so that it can be moved from a rest position to a return position.
- the closure system 10 comprises the base piece 12, comprising a closure wedge 14 displaceable between a closed and an open position, a closure mechanism 100 attached to the base piece 12 and a cradle-mounted guide piece 105 with a guide element 110.
- the guide element 110 has an actuating element 114 for actuating the locking mechanism 100.
- the locking mechanism 100 further comprises a lever mechanism 150 actuated by the actuating element 114.
- the locking mechanism 100 comprises a locking lever 161 coupled to the lever mechanism 150, wherein the locking wedge 14 can be locked in the open position by the locking lever 161.
- Fig. 2 shows a further schematic perspective enlarged view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the base piece 12 comprises a bearing 16 in which the cradle-mounted guide piece 105 is mounted for axial movement.
- the closure system 10 has a drive 130, which is particularly designed as a linear drive.
- the drive 130 is configured to realize an axial displacement of the actuating element 114 in its position relative to the lever mechanism 150.
- the guide element 110 is designed as a guide carriage 110 mounted axially displaceably on the guide element 110.
- the guide carriage 110 is mounted axially displaceably along the guide piece 105.
- Fig. 3 shows a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment, wherein Fig. 3 the underside of the locking system10.
- the locking mechanism 100 has an opening shaft 120 with a gear 122, wherein the gear 122 engages with a rack 140 of the locking mechanism 100.
- the opening shaft 120 is attached to the underside of the base piece 12 via bearings 124 and has an opening lever 126.
- the opening shaft 120 is driven by the gear.
- the opening shaft 120 has an opening lever 126 that interacts with the locking wedge 14 such that the locking wedge 14 can be moved between a closed and an open position by the opening lever 126.
- the opening lever 126 is connected to the opening shaft 120 in a rotationally fixed manner.
- Fig. 3 shows the locking wedge 14 in the closed position. To open, the locking wedge 14 is moved downwards from this closed position into its open position.
- the rack 140 is connected to a wedge closing spring 142 arranged in the rack 140.
- the wedge closing spring 142 allows the locking wedge 14 to be preloaded from the open position toward its closed position by the wedge closing spring 142.
- the locking system 10 further includes an ejector system 200 for extracting cartridge cases or cartridge heads from the locking system 10.
- the ejector system 200 includes at least one ejector 232 and at least one ejector lever 234 that actuates the ejector 232.
- the ejector lever 234 is rotatably mounted on the opener shaft 120 and the ejector system 200 has at least one transmission element 240 which transmits a rotational movement of the opener lever 120 to the ejector lever 234.
- the transmission element 240 is mounted on a first axle 243, which is spaced apart from the opening shaft 120.
- the first axle 243 is attached to the underside of the base piece 12 with corresponding bearings, which support the axle 243.
- At one end 241a of the transmission element 240 at least one first contact roller is arranged for contact with the opening lever 126. Furthermore, at least one second contact roller 244 is arranged for contact with the at least one ejector lever 234 at the first end 241a of the transmission element 240. The at least one first contact roller and the at least one second contact roller 244 are arranged on a common second axis 246.
- the ejector system 230 has at least one biasing element 250 that biases the transmission element 240 relative to the at least one ejector lever 234.
- the biasing element 250 is a spring arranged at a second end 241b of the transmission element 240.
- the transmission element 240 is designed in the shape of a lever.
- the first end 241a has two fork-like projections on which the axle 246 is arranged.
- the second end 241b is arranged on the opposite side of the transmission element 240 and is angled relative to the first end 241a.
- Fig.1 It can be seen that two ejector levers 234 are formed, for each of which a second contact roller 244 is formed.
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment. According to Fig. 4 It can be seen that the locking mechanism 100 has a rack 140 and the lever mechanism 150 comprises a toggle lever 151.
- the toggle lever 151 has a coupling 152 and a lever 154. One end of the lever 154 is coupled to the rack 140 and one end of the lever 154 is coupled to the locking lever 161 via a toggle joint 153 of the toggle lever 151, as shown, for example, in Fig. 4 to 6 can be seen.
- Fig. 5 shows a further schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment.
- the locking mechanism 100 has a locking support 160 that interacts with the locking lever 161.
- the locking support 160 can be unlocked by the locking lever 161 via an unlocking mechanism 162 coupled to the locking support 160.
- Fig. 6 shows a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment.
- the lever mechanism 150 comprises a folding lever 156.
- the lever mechanism 150 can be actuated via the folding lever 156 in one actuation direction by the actuation element 114. In a direction opposite to the actuation direction, the folding lever 156 can be folded away.
- the actuating element 114 is designed such that, when the barrel weapon 1 advances, it interacts with the lever mechanism 150 such that the locking wedge 14 can be displaced between the closed and the open position by means of the latter, in particular in operative connection with at least the toothed rack 140, the gear wheel 122, the opening shaft 122 and the opening lever 126.
- Fig. 7 shows a further schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment.
- Fig. 8 shows a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment.
- Fig. 9 further shows a schematic sectional view of the locking mechanism of the locking system 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment, wherein the part of the base piece 12 is shown in sectional view, which connects the locking pawl 160 through the unlocking mechanism 162 and a connecting element 164 to the rear region of the base piece 12 in which the base piece opening 13 is located.
- Fig. 10a and 10b each show a schematic perspective view of the base piece opening 13 with the breech block 14 in the open position with the cartridge chamber 11 open.
- the breech block 14 is in the open position and the ejector 232 is clearly visible.
- Fig. 11b The view shown shows the ejector 236 after ejection a cartridge base or cartridge case.
- the unlocking mechanism 162 is connected to an unlocking cam 168 arranged in the base piece opening 13.
- Fig.11a shows a schematic side view of the ejector system 200 of the closure system 10 according to the invention, wherein the closure wedge 14 is in the closed position.
- Fig. 11b shows a schematic side view of the ejector system 200 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to Fig. 11a , with the locking wedge 14 in the open position.
- the at least one ejector lever 137 has a first lever arm 236 with an arcuate contact surface 238 which is permanently in contact with the at least one second contact roller 244.
- the ejector lever 137 has a second lever arm.
- the second lever arm serves to actuate the ejector 137.
- the contact surface 238 of the first lever arm 236 is substantially concave, so that the angle of rotation of the rotary movement of the ejector lever 127 relative to the angle of rotation of the rotary movement of the opener lever 126 describes a progressive characteristic curve when opening the closure system 10.
- the opening lever 126 is designed such that it is not in contact with the first contact roller in the open position of the closure system 10 and the first contact roller can be brought into contact with the opening lever 126 during the opening process.
- the opening lever 126 has a projection with a contact surface 223, which can be brought into contact with the first contact roller.
- the contact surface 223 of the opening lever 126 is essentially flat.
- Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the angle of rotation of the opening lever 126 and the angle of rotation of the ejector lever 127 with respect to the forward movement.
- the diagram shows that, with respect to the forward movement, the angle of rotation of the opening shaft 20 changes linearly, and the angle of rotation of the ejector 232 describes a progressive characteristic curve.
- Fig. 13 shows a schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
- the guide element is designed as a guide profile 110'.
- the guide profile 110' directly encompasses the actuating element 114.
- the guide profile 110' is displaceably mounted directly on the base piece 12 and displaceably on the cradle tube.
- Fig. 14 shows a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism 100 of the closure system 10 according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
- the actuating element 114 is part of the guide profile 110'.
- the actuating element is designed as a projection extending downward from the guide profile.
- the actuation can be carried out by the cradle-mounted linear drive on the downwardly extending projection.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verschlusssystem mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1, gemäß
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Die
Aus der
Die bereits bekannten Waffenrohrverschlüsse weisen zum manuellen Öffnen- und Schließen abseits einer Schussabgabe einen Öffnerhebel bzw. einen Schließerhebel auf, die separat zu betätigen sind.The already known gun barrel bolts have an opening lever and a closing lever for manual opening and closing apart from firing a shot, which are operated separately.
Zudem sind bei den bereits bekannten Waffenrohrverschlüssen Zwischenstellungen des Verschlusskeils zwischen der vollständig geöffneten und geschlossenen Stellung nicht möglich. Dies führt dazu, dass fremdangetriebene Verschlüsse nur im vollständig vorgelaufenen Zustand geöffnet werden können, sodass Rauchabsauger keine optimale Wirkung entfalten können.In addition, existing rifle barrel bolts do not allow for intermediate positions of the bolt wedge between the fully open and closed positions. This means that externally driven bolts can only be opened when fully advanced, preventing smoke extractors from achieving optimal effectiveness.
Ausgehend davon, liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verschlusssystem zu schaffen, der selbsttätig in der geöffneten Stellung sperrt.Based on this, the object of the invention is to create a locking system that automatically locks in the open position.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Verschlusssystem des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der jeweiligen Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the locking system of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verschlusssystem für ein, insbesondere in einer Wiege, von einer Ruheposition in eine Rücklaufposition verschiebbar gelagertes Waffenrohr bereitgestellt, umfassend ein Verschlusssystem für eine Rohrwaffe, insbesondere mit einem in einer Wiege von einer Ruheposition in eine Rücklaufposition verschiebbar gelagerten Waffenrohr, bereitgestellt, umfassend ein Bodenstück mit einem, insbesondere quer zur Seelenrohrachse des Waffenrohrs, zwischen einer geschlossenen und einer geöffneten Stellung verschiebbaren Verschlusskeil, eine an dem Bodenstück angebrachte Verschlussmechanik und ein wiegenfestes-Führungsstück mit einem Führungselement, wobei das Führungselement ein Betätigungselement, zum Betätigen der Verschlussmechanik aufweist, wobei die Verschlussmechanik einen durch das Betätigungselement betätigbaren Hebelmechanismus aufweist.According to the invention, a locking system is provided for a weapon barrel, in particular one mounted in a cradle, displaceable from a rest position to a return position, comprising a locking system for a barrel weapon, in particular with a weapon barrel displaceable in a cradle from a rest position to a return position, comprising a base piece with a locking wedge displaceable, in particular transversely to the bore axis of the weapon barrel, between a closed and an open position, a locking mechanism attached to the base piece and a cradle-fixed guide piece with a guide element, wherein the guide element has an actuating element for actuating the locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism has a lever mechanism actuable by the actuating element.
Die Verschlussmechanik weist einen mit dem Hebelmechanismus gekoppelten Sperrhebel auf, wobei der Verschlusskeil durch den Sperrhebel in seiner geöffneten Stellung sperrbar ist.The locking mechanism has a locking lever coupled to the lever mechanism, whereby the locking wedge can be locked in its open position by the locking lever.
Ferner wird erfindungsgemäß eine Rohrwaffe mit einer Wiege und einem in der Wiege von einer Ruheposition in eine Rücklaufposition verschiebbar gelagerten Waffenrohr bereitgestellt, umfassend zumindest einen solchen oder wie nachfolgend weitergebildetes Verschlusssystem.Furthermore, according to the invention, a tube weapon is provided with a cradle and a weapon barrel displaceably mounted in the cradle from a rest position to a return position, comprising at least one such locking system or one further developed as follows.
Der Verschlusskeil wird somit durch den Verschlussmechanismus gehalten. Das Laden der Waffe und das Schließen des Verschlusses können somit entkoppelt werden. Der Verschlusskeil kann somit unabhängig vom Laden und Entladen geöffnet gehalten werden.The bolt wedge is thus held in place by the bolt mechanism. Loading the weapon and closing the bolt can thus be decoupled. The bolt wedge can thus be kept open independently of loading and unloading.
Dadurch, dass der Verschlusskeil in seiner geöffneten Stellung gesperrt wird, wird erreicht, dass das Schließen des Verschlusskeils vom Vorlauf des Bodenstücks und der daran angeordneten Verschlussmechanik entkoppelt ist. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass der Verschlusskeil nach dem Öffnen in geöffneter Stellung durch die Verschlussmechanik mit dem Sperrhebel gesperrt wird.By locking the locking wedge in its open position, the closing of the locking wedge is decoupled from the forward travel of the base and the locking mechanism mounted thereon. This ensures that the locking wedge is locked in the open position after opening by the locking mechanism with the locking lever.
Das Betätigen des Verschlusses, insbesondere das Öffnen des Verschlusses, erfolgt durch das Betätigungselement, das an der Wiege befestigt ist. Beim fortwährenden Schießen wird der Verschluss durch das Betätigungselement geöffnet und gleichzeitig durch den Hebelmechanismus derart betätigt, dass der Verschluss durch den Sperrhebel in seiner geöffneten Stellung sperrbar ist.The actuation of the bolt, in particular the opening of the bolt, is carried out by the actuating element attached to the cradle. During continuous firing, the bolt is opened by the actuating element and simultaneously actuated by the lever mechanism in such a way that the bolt can be locked in its open position by the locking lever.
Durch Nutzen der Vorlaufbewegung ist ein frühes und schnelles Öffnen des Verschlusskeils möglich.By using the advance movement, an early and rapid opening of the locking wedge is possible.
Vorzugsweise ist das Verschlusssystem ein Waffenrohrverschluss.Preferably, the locking system is a gun barrel lock.
In Weiterbildung des Verschlusssystems kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Verschlussmechanik eine mit dem Sperrhebel zusammenwirkende Sperrauflage aufweist, die über einen mit der Sperrauflage gekoppelten, Entsperrmechanismus von dem Sperrhebel entsperrbar ist.In a further development of the locking system, it can be provided that the locking mechanism has a locking support which interacts with the locking lever and which can be unlocked by the locking lever via an unlocking mechanism which is coupled to the locking support.
Hierdurch ist es möglich, ein Entsperren des Keils unabhängig von der Vorlaufposition des Bodenstücks zu ermöglichen. Das Entsperren kann unabhängig von der Position der rücklaufenden Masse der Waffe - also Bodenstück und Waffenrohr - realisiert werden. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass der Verschluss beim eigentlichen Ladevorgang der Patrone solange offenbleibt, bis dieser vollständig beendet ist. Der Verschlusskeil wird erst wieder geschlossen, wenn der Entsperrmechanismus betätigt wurde.This makes it possible to unlock the wedge regardless of the forward travel position of the base. Unlocking can be achieved regardless of the position of the weapon's recoiling mass—that is, the base and barrel. This ensures that the bolt remains open during the actual loading process until the cartridge is completely loaded. The bolt wedge is only closed again once the unlocking mechanism has been activated.
Dies hat insbesondere in Bezug auf Rohrwaffen mit einem automatischen Lader einen positiven Effekt, da nunmehr ein Teil des automatischen Laders das Entsperren und somit das Schließen des Verschlusskeil betätigen kann.This has a particularly positive effect on barrel weapons with an automatic loader, as part of the automatic loader can now unlock and thus close the bolt wedge.
Zudem erreicht ein an dem Waffenrohr angeordneter Rauchabsauger hierdurch eine verbesserte Wirkung.In addition, a smoke extractor mounted on the weapon barrel achieves an improved effect.
In Ausgestaltung des Verschlusssystems kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass der Entsperrmechanismus mit einem Entriegelungsnocken verbunden ist, der in der Bodenstücköffnung angeordnet ist.In a further embodiment of the locking system, it can be provided that the unlocking mechanism is connected to an unlocking cam which is arranged in the base piece opening.
Vorzugsweise ist der Entriegelungsnocken durch einen Teil des automatischen Laders, wie einen Patronenladekopf, eine Ladeschale oder eines Ansetzkopfes, betätigbar.Preferably, the release cam is actuatable by a part of the automatic loader, such as a cartridge loading head, a loading tray or a loading head.
Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass der Entsperrmechanismus unabhängig von dem Ladevorgang durch einen Teil des automatischen Laders, wie einen Patronenladekopf, einer Ladeschale oder einem Ansetzkopf betätigbar ist. Der Entsperrmechanismus wird dabei nicht unmittelbar nach dem Laden der Patrone entsperrt, sondern, erst nachdem ein Teil des automatischen Laders aus dem Verschluss entnommen wurde. Der Verschlusskeil wird erst wieder geschlossen, wenn der Teil des automatischen Laders nach dem eigentlichen Ladevorgang zurückfährt und der Entriegelungsnocken betätigt wird, wodurch der Entsperrmechanismus betätigt wird und dieser den Sperrhebel von der Sperrauflage entsperrt. Vorzugsweise wird dazu der Sperrhebel gedreht, sodass dieser durch die Sperrauflage von dem Sperrhebel entkoppelt wird.This ensures that the unlocking mechanism can be actuated independently of the loading process by a part of the automatic loader, such as a cartridge loading head, a loading tray, or a loading head. The unlocking mechanism is not unlocked immediately after the cartridge is loaded, but only after a part of the automatic loader has been removed from the bolt. The bolt wedge is only closed again when the part of the automatic loader retracts after the actual loading process and the unlocking cam is actuated, thereby actuating the unlocking mechanism and releasing the locking lever from the locking support. Preferably, the locking lever is rotated for this purpose so that it is decoupled from the locking lever by the locking support.
Alternativ kann das Entsperren auch während des Ladevorgangs in der Vorwärts-/Ladebewegung des Patronenladekopfs erfolgen.Alternatively, unlocking can also be done during the loading process in the forward/loading movement of the cartridge loading head.
Ferner kann alternativ das Entsperren auch mithilfe der Auswerferhebel erfolgen, wenn deren Vorwärtsbewegung beim Ladevorgang mittel eines Hebels den Sperrhebel oder die Sperrauflage betätigt, sodass der Sperrhebel von der Sperrauflage entkoppelt wird und den Verschlusskeil schließt.Furthermore, unlocking can alternatively also be carried out using the ejector levers if their forward movement during the loading process actuates the locking lever or the locking support by means of a lever, so that the locking lever is decoupled from the locking support and closes the locking wedge.
Der Verschlusskeil wird vorzugsweise in geöffneter Stellung gefangen, wozu der Sperrhebel durch eine Rückstellfeder über die Sperrauflage gedreht wird und damit blockiert wird.The locking wedge is preferably caught in the open position, for which purpose the locking lever is rotated over the locking support by a return spring and is thus blocked.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung des Verschlusssystems kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass der Hebelmechanismus einen Klapphebel umfasst, der mit dem Betätigungselement derart zusammenwirkt, dass der Hebelmechanismus in einer Betätigungsrichtung durch das Betätigungselement betätigbar ist und der Klapphebel in einer der Betätigungsrichtung entgegengesetzten Richtung wegklappbar ist.In an advantageous development of the locking system, it can further be provided that the lever mechanism comprises a folding lever which interacts with the actuating element in such a way that the lever mechanism can be actuated in one actuating direction by the actuating element and the folding lever can be folded away in a direction opposite to the actuating direction.
Dazu wirkt der Klapphebel mit dem Betätigungselement zusammen.For this purpose, the folding lever works together with the actuating element.
Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass der Betätigungsnocken den Hebelmechanismus beim Waffenvorlauf betätigt, sodass der Verschlusskeil in seiner geöffneten Stellung verschiebbar ist und in dieser geöffneten Stellung sperrbar ist. Beim Waffenrücklauf hingegen klappt der Klappverschluss weg, sodass eine Betätigung des Hebelmechanismus unterbleibt.This ensures that the actuating cam activates the lever mechanism when the weapon advances, allowing the bolt wedge to slide into its open position and lock in this open position. However, when the weapon recoils, the hinged bolt folds away, preventing the lever mechanism from being activated.
Ferner kann in Ausgestaltung des Verschlusssystems vorgesehen sein, dass das Bodenstück eine Lagerung umfasst, in der das wiegenfeste Führungsstück axialbeweglich gelagert ist.Furthermore, in the design of the locking system, it can be provided that the base piece comprises a bearing in which the cradle-fixed guide piece is mounted in an axially movable manner.
Hierdurch wird eine axialbewegliche Lagerung des Bodenstücks relativ zur Wiege erreicht. Das wiegenfeste Führungsstück hat dabei die Funktion einer Verdrehsicherung zwischen Bodenstück und Wiege, sodass sich das Bodenstück relativ zur Wiege nicht verdrehen kann, aber dennoch axial verschiebbar ist.This allows the base piece to be mounted axially movable relative to the cradle. The cradle-mounted guide piece acts as an anti-twist device between the base piece and the cradle, preventing the base piece from twisting relative to the cradle while still allowing axial movement.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Verschlussmechanik eine Zahnstange aufweist und der Hebelmechanismus einen Kniehebel umfasst, wobei der Kniehebel eine Koppel, ein Kniegelenk und einen Hebel umfasst, wobei ein Ende des Hebels mit der Zahnstange und ein Ende des Hebels, über das Kniegelenk des Kniehebels, mit dem Sperrhebel gekoppelt ist.According to the invention, it is provided that the locking mechanism has a rack and the lever mechanism comprises a toggle lever, wherein the toggle lever comprises a coupling, a toggle joint and a lever, wherein one end of the lever is coupled to the rack and one end of the lever is coupled to the locking lever via the toggle joint of the toggle lever.
Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Verschlussmechanik eine Öffnerwelle mit einem Zahnrad aufweist, wobei das Zahnrad mit der Zahnstange in Eingriff steht. Das Zahnrad ist drehfest auf der Öffnerwelle angeordnet.Furthermore, the locking mechanism can be provided with an opening shaft with a gear, wherein the gear engages with the rack. The gear is arranged on the opening shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
In Ausgestaltung des Verschlusssystems kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Öffnerwelle einen Öffnerhebel aufweist, der mit dem Verschlusskeil derart zusammenwirkt, dass der Verschlusskeil durch den Öffnerhebel zwischen einer geschlossenen und einer geöffneten Stellung verschiebbar ist.In a design of the locking system, it can be provided that the opening shaft has an opening lever which interacts with the locking wedge in such a way that the locking wedge can be moved between a closed and an open position by the opening lever.
Der Öffnerhebel ist mit der Öffnerwelle fest verbunden, sodass der Verschlusskeil durch ein Drehen der Öffnerwelle in seiner Stellung verschiebbar ist.The opening lever is firmly connected to the opening shaft so that the locking wedge can be moved in its position by turning the opening shaft.
In Weiterbildung des Verschlusssystems kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Betätigungselement derart ausgebildet ist, dass dieses bei einem Vorlauf der Rohrwaffe mit dem Hebelmechanismus derart zusammenwirkt, dass durch diesen, insbesondere im Zusammenspiel mit zumindest der Zahnstange, dem Zahnrad, der Öffnerwelle und dem Öffnerhebel, der Verschlusskeil zwischen der geschlossenen und der geöffneten Stellung verschiebbar ist.In a further development of the locking system, it can be provided that the actuating element is designed in such a way that, when the barrel weapon is advanced, it interacts with the lever mechanism in such a way that the locking wedge can be displaced between the closed and the open position by means of the lever mechanism, in particular in interaction with at least the rack, the gear wheel, the opening shaft and the opening lever.
Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Zahnstange mit einer, insbesondere in der Zahnstange angeordneten, Keilschließfeder verbunden ist, durch welche der Verschlusskeil in geöffneter Stellung in Richtung seiner geschlossenen Stellung vorspannbar ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the rack is connected to a wedge closing spring, in particular arranged in the rack, by means of which the locking wedge can be pretensioned in the open position towards its closed position.
Die Keilschließfeder bremst den Verschlusskeil ab, wenn dieser aus der geschlossenen in die geöffnete Stellung verschoben wird und speichert Energie in der geöffneten Stellung. Wird der Keil entsperrt, so stellt die Keilschließfeder die Energie für das Verschieben des Keils von der geöffneten Stellung in die geschlossene Stellung bereit.The wedge closing spring slows down the locking wedge when it is moved from the closed to the open position and stores energy in the open position. When the wedge is unlocked, the wedge closing spring provides the energy to move the wedge from the open to the closed position.
Zudem kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Verschlusssystem einen Antrieb, insbesondere einen Linearantrieb, aufweist, der dazu eingerichtet ist, eine axiale Verschiebung zwischen Antrieb und Führungselement zu realisieren, sodass das Betätigungselement in seiner Stellung relativ zu dem Hebelmechanismus durch den Antrieb verschiebbar ist.In addition, it can be provided that the locking system has a drive, in particular a linear drive, which is designed to realize an axial displacement between the drive and the guide element, so that the actuating element can be displaced in its position relative to the lever mechanism by the drive.
Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Verschlussmechanik derart zu betätigen, dass der Verschlusskeil unabhängig von Waffenvorlauf oder -rücklauf zwischen der geschlossenen und der geöffneten Stellung verschiebbar ist.This makes it possible to operate the locking mechanism in such a way that the locking wedge can be moved between the closed and open positions independently of the weapon's forward or reverse travel.
Durch den Antrieb kann der Verschlusskeil des Verschlusssystems in seiner Ruheposition geöffnet und geschlossen werden. Ferner ist der Verschlusskeil durch den Antrieb in Zwischenpositionen zwischen der geschlossenen und der geöffneten Stellung positionierbar. Diese Zwischenpositionen können angefahren werden, ohne dass es zu Sicherheitsproblemen kommt.The drive allows the locking wedge of the locking system to be opened and closed in its rest position. Furthermore, the drive allows the locking wedge to be positioned in intermediate positions between the closed and open positions. These intermediate positions can be reached without causing any safety issues.
Eine verbesserte Rauchabsaugung durch den Rauchabsauger kann hierdurch gewährleistet werden.This can ensure improved smoke extraction by the smoke extractor.
Vorzugsweise sind Antrieb und Betätigungselement derart ausgebildet, dass sich diese von selbst entkoppeln, sobald der Verschlusskeil aufgrund einer Schussabgabe geöffnet wird. Die Verschlussbetätigung durch den Antrieb ist somit von der Vorlaufbewegung der rücklaufenden Masse entkoppelt.Preferably, the drive and actuating element are designed such that they decouple automatically as soon as the bolt wedge is opened due to a shot being fired. The bolt actuation by the drive is thus decoupled from the forward movement of the recoiling mass.
Somit führen ungewollte Zwischenpositionen des Antriebs und des Betätigungselements nicht zu gefährlichen Betriebszuständen oder zu Schäden an der Verschlussbetätigung.This means that unwanted intermediate positions of the drive and the actuating element do not lead to dangerous operating conditions or damage to the locking mechanism.
Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, dass nur ein Antrieb für die Funktionen des Öffnens und Schließens ausgebildet ist. Zudem kann die Funktion des Geschlossenhaltens des Verschlusses nach dem Schuss realisiert werden. Es können alle wesentlichen Funktionen für die Betätigung des Verschlusskeils durch einen Antrieb realisiert werden, wie Öffnen im Vorlauf, Schließen und Öffnen auf Anforderung und/oder Geschlossenhalten nach dem Schuss.Another advantage is that only one drive is used for the opening and closing functions. Furthermore, the function of keeping the bolt closed after the shot can be implemented. All essential functions for operating the bolt wedge can be implemented by one drive, such as opening in advance, closing and opening on demand, and/or keeping the bolt closed after the shot.
Weiterhin kann der Antrieb derart ausgebildet sein, dass der Verschlusskeil sowohl durch den Betätigungsnocken öffenbar ist, als durch den Antrieb geöffnet und/oder geschlossen werden kann.Furthermore, the drive can be designed in such a way that the locking wedge can be opened by the actuating cam and can also be opened and/or closed by the drive.
Vorzugsweise kann der Betätigungsnocken gegenüber dem Antrieb gefedert und/oder gedämpft werden. Hier kann/können eine Feder und/oder ein Dämpfer an entsprechender Stelle ausgebildet sein. Ferner vorzugsweise ist eine vorgespannte Feder ausgebildet.Preferably, the actuating cam can be spring-loaded and/or damped relative to the drive. A spring and/or damper can be provided at the appropriate location. Furthermore, a preloaded spring is preferably provided.
Hierdurch können Maximalkräfte reduziert werden und auch entsprechend schwächere handelsübliche Antriebe zum Einsatz kommen.This allows maximum forces to be reduced and correspondingly weaker commercially available drives to be used.
In Ausgestaltung kann zudem vorgesehen sein, dass das Führungselement als axial am Führungselement verschiebbar angebrachter Führungsschlitten ausgebildet ist, wobei der Führungsschlitten entlang der Führungsschiene axial verschiebbar gelagert ist.In an embodiment, it can also be provided that the guide element is designed as a guide carriage mounted axially displaceably on the guide element, wherein the guide carriage is mounted axially displaceably along the guide rail.
In diesem Fall erfolgt die Betätigung mithilfe des Führungsschlittens, der linear verschieblich auf dem Führungsprofil gelagert ist. Die Stellung des Führungsschlittens wird durch den Antrieb bestimmt. Die übertragbare Kraft wird dabei mithilfe eines Federspeichers begrenzt. An dem Führungsschlitten ist der Betätigungsnocken angeordnet, mit dem der Hebemechanismus betätigt wird.In this case, the actuation is achieved by means of the guide carriage, which is mounted on the guide profile for linear movement. The position of the guide carriage is determined by the drive. The transmittable force is limited by a spring-loaded mechanism. The actuating cam, which activates the lifting mechanism, is located on the guide carriage.
Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Führungselement als Führungsprofil mit dem Betätigungselement ausgebildet ist, wobei das Führungsprofil verschiebbar unmittelbar an dem Bodenstück gelagert ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the guide element is designed as a guide profile with the actuating element, wherein the guide profile is displaceably mounted directly on the base piece.
Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungen erläutert werden.The invention will be explained below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Rohrwaffe mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystem gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 3
- eine weitere schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 4
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform
- Fig. 5
- eine weitere schematische Schnittdarstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 6
- eine weitere schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 7
- eine weitere schematische Schnittdarstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 8
- eine weitere schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 9
- eine weitere schematische Schnittdarstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 10a
- eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Bodenstücköffnung mit den Verschlusskeil in geöffneter Stellung;
- Fig.10b
- eine weitere schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Bodenstücköffnung mit dem Verschlusskeil in geöffneter Stellung;
- Fig. 11a
- eine schematische Seitenansicht der Unterseite des Bodenstücks, wobei der Verschlusskeil in geschlossener Stellung ist;
- Fig. 11b
- eine schematische Seitenansicht der Unterseite des Bodenstücks, wobei der Verschlusskeil in geöffneter Stellung ist;
- Fig. 12
- ein schematisches Diagramm des Winkels der Öffnerhebels und des Winkels des Auswerferhebels in Bezug auf die Vorlaufbewegung;
- Fig. 13
- eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform; und
- Fig. 14
- eine weitere schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Verschlussmechanik des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic perspective view of a barrel weapon with a locking system according to the invention according to a first embodiment;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 3
- a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 4
- a schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment
- Fig. 5
- a further schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 6
- a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 7
- a further schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 8
- a further schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 9
- a further schematic sectional view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to the first embodiment;
- Fig. 10a
- a schematic perspective view of the base piece opening with the locking wedge in the open position;
- Fig.10b
- another schematic perspective view of the base piece opening with the locking wedge in the open position;
- Fig. 11a
- a schematic side view of the underside of the base piece with the locking wedge in the closed position;
- Fig. 11b
- a schematic side view of the underside of the base piece with the locking wedge in the open position;
- Fig. 12
- a schematic diagram of the angle of the opener lever and the angle of the ejector lever in relation to the forward movement;
- Fig. 13
- a schematic perspective view of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to a second embodiment; and
- Fig. 14
- a further schematic perspective representation of the closure mechanism of the closure system according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
Die Rohrwaffe 1 umfasst neben dem Verschlusssystem 10 eine Wiege 40 und ein Waffenrohr 20, das in der Wiege 40 verschiebbar gelagert ist. Das Waffenrohr 20 ist zwischen einer Ruheposition in eine Rücklaufposition verschiebbar in der Wiege 40 gelagert. Am Ende des Waffenrohrs 20 ist der Verschlusssystem 10 angeordnet, der ein Bodenstück 12 aufweist. Zwischen dem Bodenstück 12 und der Wiege 40 sind Rohrbremsen 30 und Rohrvorhohler ausgebildet.The barrel weapon 1 comprises, in addition to the locking system 10, a cradle 40 and a weapon barrel 20, which is slidably mounted in the cradle 40. The weapon barrel 20 is slidably mounted in the cradle 40 between a rest position and a return position. The locking system 10, which has a base piece 12, is arranged at the end of the weapon barrel 20. Barrel brakes 30 and barrel pre-hollowers are formed between the base piece 12 and the cradle 40.
Das Verschlusssystem 10 ist somit für das in der Wiege 40 von einer Ruheposition in eine Rücklaufposition verschiebbar gelagertes Waffenrohr 20 vorgesehen.The locking system 10 is thus provided for the weapon barrel 20 which is mounted in the cradle 40 so that it can be moved from a rest position to a return position.
Das Verschlusssystem 10 umfasst das Bodenstück 12, umfassend einen zwischen einer geschlossenen und einer geöffneten Stellung verschiebbaren Verschlusskeil 14, eine an dem Bodenstück 12 angebrachte Verschlussmechanik 100 und ein wiegenfestes Führungsstück 105 mit einem Führungselement 110.The closure system 10 comprises the base piece 12, comprising a closure wedge 14 displaceable between a closed and an open position, a closure mechanism 100 attached to the base piece 12 and a cradle-mounted guide piece 105 with a guide element 110.
Wie in der
Das Verschlusssystem 10 weist einen Antrieb 130, der insbesondere als Linearantrieb ausgebildet ist, auf. Der Antrieb 130 ist dazu eingerichtet, eine axiale Verschiebung des Betätigungselements 114 in seiner Stellung relativ zu dem Hebelmechanismus 150 zu realisieren.The closure system 10 has a drive 130, which is particularly designed as a linear drive. The drive 130 is configured to realize an axial displacement of the actuating element 114 in its position relative to the lever mechanism 150.
Gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform ist das Führungselement 110 als axial am Führungselement 110 verschiebbar angebrachter Führungsschlitten 110 ausgebildet. Der Führungsschlitten 110 ist entlang dem Führungsstück 105 axial verschiebbar gelagert.According to the first embodiment, the guide element 110 is designed as a guide carriage 110 mounted axially displaceably on the guide element 110. The guide carriage 110 is mounted axially displaceably along the guide piece 105.
Die Verschlussmechanik 100 weist eine Öffnerwelle 120 mit einem Zahnrad 122 auf, wobei das Zahnrad 122 mit einer Zahnstange 140 der Verschlussmechanik 100 in Eingriff steht. Die Öffnerwelle 120 ist über Lagerungen 124 an der Unterseite des Bodenstücks 12 befestigt und weist einen Öffnerhebel 126 auf. Die Öffnerwelle 120 ist über das Zahnrad antreibbar.The locking mechanism 100 has an opening shaft 120 with a gear 122, wherein the gear 122 engages with a rack 140 of the locking mechanism 100. The opening shaft 120 is attached to the underside of the base piece 12 via bearings 124 and has an opening lever 126. The opening shaft 120 is driven by the gear.
Die Öffnerwelle 120 weist einen Öffnerhebel 126 auf, der mit dem Verschlusskeil 14 derart zusammenwirkt, dass der Verschlusskeil 14 durch den Öffnerhebel 126 zwischen einer geschlossenen und einer geöffneten Stellung verschiebbar ist. Der Öffnerhebel 126 ist dazu drehfest mit der Öffnerwelle 120 verbunden.
Die Zahnstange 140 ist mit einer in der Zahnstange 140 angeordneten Keilschließfeder 142 verbunden. Durch die Keilschließfeder 120 ist der Verschlusskeil 14 in geöffneter Stellung von der geöffneten Stellung in Richtung seiner geschlossenen Stellung vorspannbar.The rack 140 is connected to a wedge closing spring 142 arranged in the rack 140. The wedge closing spring 142 allows the locking wedge 14 to be preloaded from the open position toward its closed position by the wedge closing spring 142.
Das Verschlusssystem 10 weist ferner ein Auswerfersystem 200 zum Ausziehen von Patronenhülsen oder Patronenböden aus dem Verschlusssystem 10 auf. Das Auswerfersystem 200 umfasst zumindest einen Auswerfer 232 und zumindest einen Auswerferhebel 234, der den Auswerfer 232 betätigt.The locking system 10 further includes an ejector system 200 for extracting cartridge cases or cartridge heads from the locking system 10. The ejector system 200 includes at least one ejector 232 and at least one ejector lever 234 that actuates the ejector 232.
Der Auswerferhebel 234 ist drehbeweglich auf der Öffnerwelle 120 gelagert und das Auswerfersystem 200 weist zumindest ein Übertragungselement 240 auf, das eine Drehbewegung des Öffnerhebels 120 auf den Auswerferhebel 234 überträgt.The ejector lever 234 is rotatably mounted on the opener shaft 120 and the ejector system 200 has at least one transmission element 240 which transmits a rotational movement of the opener lever 120 to the ejector lever 234.
Das Übertragungselement 240 ist auf einer ersten Achse 243 gelagert, die von der Öffnerwelle 120 beabstandet ist. Die erste Achse 243 ist mit entsprechenden Lagern an der Unterseite des Bodenstücks 12 befestigt, welche die Achse 243 lagern.The transmission element 240 is mounted on a first axle 243, which is spaced apart from the opening shaft 120. The first axle 243 is attached to the underside of the base piece 12 with corresponding bearings, which support the axle 243.
An einem Ende 241a des Übertragungselements 240 ist zumindest eine erste Kontaktrolle zum Kontakt mit dem Öffnerhebel 126 angeordnet. Ferner ist zumindest eine zweite Kontaktrolle 244 zum Kontakt mit dem zumindest einen Auswerferhebel 234 an dem ersten Ende 241a des Übertragungselements 240 angeordnet
Die zumindest eine erste Kontaktrolle und die zumindest eine zweite Kontaktrolle 244 sind auf einer gemeinsamen zweiten Achse 246 angeordnet.At one end 241a of the transmission element 240, at least one first contact roller is arranged for contact with the opening lever 126. Furthermore, at least one second contact roller 244 is arranged for contact with the at least one ejector lever 234 at the first end 241a of the transmission element 240.
The at least one first contact roller and the at least one second contact roller 244 are arranged on a common second axis 246.
Das Auswerfersystem 230 weist zumindest ein Vorspannelement 250 auf, dass das Übertragungselement 240 gegenüber dem zumindest einen Auswerferhebel 234 vorspannt. Gemäß der Ausführungsform handelt es sich bei dem Vorspannelement 250 um eine Feder, die an einem zweiten Ende 241b des Übertragungselements 240 angeordnet ist.The ejector system 230 has at least one biasing element 250 that biases the transmission element 240 relative to the at least one ejector lever 234. According to the embodiment, the biasing element 250 is a spring arranged at a second end 241b of the transmission element 240.
Das Übertragungselement 240 ist in Form eines Hebels ausgebildet. Das erste Ende 241a weist zwei gabelartige Vorsprünge auf, an denen die Achse 246 angeordnet ist. Das zweite Ende 241b ist an der entgegengesetzten Seite des Übertragungselements 240 angeordnet und gegenüber dem ersten Ende 241a abgewinkelt.The transmission element 240 is designed in the shape of a lever. The first end 241a has two fork-like projections on which the axle 246 is arranged. The second end 241b is arranged on the opposite side of the transmission element 240 and is angled relative to the first end 241a.
In
Der Kniehebel 151 weist eine Koppel 152 und einen Hebel 154 auf. Ein Ende des Hebels 154 ist mit der Zahnstange 140 und ein Ende des Hebel 154 ist über ein Kniegelenk 153 des Kniehebels 151 mit dem Sperrhebel 161 gekoppelt, wie beispielsweise aus
Die Verschlussmechanik 100 weist eine mit dem Sperrhebel 161 zusammenwirkende Sperrauflage 160 auf. Die Sperrauflage 160 ist über einen mit der Sperrauflage 160 gekoppelten, Entsperrmechanismus 162 von dem Sperrhebel 161 entsperrbar.The locking mechanism 100 has a locking support 160 that interacts with the locking lever 161. The locking support 160 can be unlocked by the locking lever 161 via an unlocking mechanism 162 coupled to the locking support 160.
In den
Der zumindest eine Auswerferhebel 137 weist einen ersten Hebelarm 236 mit einer bogenförmigen Kontaktfläche 238 auf, die dauerhaft mit der zumindest einen zweiten Kontaktrolle 244 in Kontakt steht.The at least one ejector lever 137 has a first lever arm 236 with an arcuate contact surface 238 which is permanently in contact with the at least one second contact roller 244.
Weiterhin weist der Auswerferhebel 137 einen zweiten Hebelarm auf. Der zweite Hebelarm dient dazu, den Auswerfer 137 zu betätigen.Furthermore, the ejector lever 137 has a second lever arm. The second lever arm serves to actuate the ejector 137.
Die Kontaktfläche 238 des ersten Hebelarms 236 ist im Wesentlichen konkav ausgebildet, sodass der Drehwinkel der Drehbewegung des Auswerferhebel 127 gegenüber dem Drehwinkel der Drehbewegung des Öffnerhebels 126, beim Öffnen des Verschlusssystems 10 eine progressive Kennlinie beschreibt.The contact surface 238 of the first lever arm 236 is substantially concave, so that the angle of rotation of the rotary movement of the ejector lever 127 relative to the angle of rotation of the rotary movement of the opener lever 126 describes a progressive characteristic curve when opening the closure system 10.
Der Öffnerhebel 126 ist derart ausgebildet, dass dieser in der geöffneten Stellung des Verschlusssystems 10 nicht mit der ersten Kontaktrolle in Kontakt steht und die erste Kontaktrolle im Laufe des Öffnungsvorgangs mit dem Öffnerhebel 126 in Kontakt bringbar ist.The opening lever 126 is designed such that it is not in contact with the first contact roller in the open position of the closure system 10 and the first contact roller can be brought into contact with the opening lever 126 during the opening process.
Wie in
Die Betätigung kann durch den wiegenfesten Linearantrieb an dem nach unten sich erstreckenden Vorsprung erfolgen.The actuation can be carried out by the cradle-mounted linear drive on the downwardly extending projection.
Ferner ist ein kraftbegrenzendes Federelement offenbart.Furthermore, a force-limiting spring element is disclosed.
- 11
- Rohrwaffebarrel weapon
- 1010
- VerschlusssystemLocking system
- 1212
- Bodenstückbase piece
- 1313
- BodenstücköffnungBase piece opening
- 1414
- VerschlusskeilLocking wedge
- 1616
- Lagerungstorage
- 2020
- Waffenrohrgun barrel
- 2323
- ÖffnerhebelkontaktflächeOpener lever contact surface
- 3030
- RohrbremsePipe brake
- 4040
- Wiegecradle
- 100100
- Verschlussmechaniklocking mechanism
- 105105
- Führungsstückguide piece
- 110110
- FührungsschlittenGuide carriage
- 110'110'
- FührungsprofilLeadership profile
- 112112
- FederspeicherSpring accumulator
- 114114
- BetätigungselementActuating element
- 114'114'
- BetätigungselementActuating element
- 120120
- ÖffnerwelleOpening shaft
- 122122
- Zahnradgear
- 124124
- Lager der ÖffnerwelleBearing of the opener shaft
- 126126
- ÖffnerhebelOpening lever
- 127127
- AuswerferhebelEjector lever
- 130130
- Antriebdrive
- 140140
- Zahnstangerack
- 142142
- KeilschließfederWedge closing spring
- 150150
- Hebelmechanismuslever mechanism
- 151151
- KniehebelKnee lever
- 152152
- Koppelpaddock
- 153153
- Kniegelenkknee joint
- 154154
- Hebellever
- 156156
- KlapphebelFolding lever
- 158158
- Rollerole
- 160160
- SperrauflageBlocking requirement
- 161161
- Sperrhebellocking lever
- 162162
- EntsperrmechanismusUnlocking mechanism
- 163163
- RückstellfederReturn spring
- 164164
- Verbindungselementconnecting element
- 165165
- Spannfeder des SperrhebelsTension spring of the locking lever
- 166166
- Kopplungselementcoupling element
- 168168
- EntriegelungsnockenRelease cam
- 200200
- AuswerfersystemEjector system
- 223223
- Kontaktfläche des ÖffnerhebelsContact surface of the opening lever
- 232232
- Auswerferejector
- 236236
- Hebelarmlever arm
- 238238
- KontaktflächeContact surface
- 240240
- Übertragungselementtransmission element
- 241a241a
- erstes Endefirst end
- 243243
- erste Achsefirst axis
- 244244
- zweite Kontaktrollesecond contact role
- 246246
- zweite Achsesecond axis
- 250250
- VorspannelementPreloading element
Claims (13)
- A breech system (10) for a weapon barrel (20) that is mounted in a cradle (40) such that it is movable from a rest position to a recoil position, comprising a base piece (12) comprising a breech wedge (14) movable between a closed and open position, a breech mechanism (100) attached to the base piece (12) and a guide piece (105) fixed to the cradle (40) and having a guide element (110, 110'), wherein the guide element (110, 110') has an actuating element (114) for actuating the breech mechanism (100), wherein the breech mechanism (100) has a lever mechanism (150) to be actuated by the actuating element (114), wherein the breech mechanism (100) has a locking lever (161) coupled to the lever mechanism (150), wherein the breech wedge (14) is adapted to be locked in the open position by the locking lever (161), characterized in that the breech mechanism (100) has a toothed rack (140) and the lever mechanism (150) comprises a toggle lever (151), wherein the toggle lever (151) comprises a coupler (152), a lever (154) and a toggle joint (153), wherein an end of the lever (154) is coupled to the toothed rack (140) and an end of the lever (154) is coupled to the locking lever (161) via the toggle joint (153) of the toggle lever (151).
- The breech system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the breech mechanism (100) has a detent support (160) which interacts with the locking lever (161) and which can be unlocked by the locking lever (161) via an unlocking mechanism (162) coupled to the detent support (160).
- The breech system (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the unlocking mechanism (162) is connected to an unlocking cam (168) disposed in a base piece opening (13).
- The breech system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lever mechanism (150) comprises a folding lever (156), wherein the lever mechanism (150) can be actuated in an actuation direction by the actuating element (114) and wherein the folding lever (156) can be folded away in a direction opposite to the actuation direction.
- The breech system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base piece (12) comprises a bearing (16) in which the guide piece (105), fixed to the cradle (40), is mounted in an axially movable manner.
- The breech system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the breech mechanism (100) has an opener shaft (120) with a gear wheel (122), wherein the gear wheel (122) is in engagement with the toothed rack (140).
- The breech system (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the opener shaft (120) has an opener lever (126) which interacts with breech wedge (14) such that breech wedge (14) can be displaced between a closed and open position by the opener lever (126).
- The breech system (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the actuating element (114) is designed such that it interacts with the lever mechanism (150) when the barrelled weapon (1) advances such that the breech wedge (14) is adapted to be moved between the closed and open position by it, in particular in operative interaction with at least the toothed rack (140), the gear wheel (122), the opener shaft (122) and the opener lever (126).
- The breech system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the toothed rack (140) is connected to a wedge closing spring (142), which in particular is disposed in the toothed rack, and via which the breech wedge (14) is pretensioned in the open position in a direction of its closed position.
- The breech system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the breech system (10) has a drive (130), in particular a linear drive, which is set up to realize an axial movement of the actuating element (114) in its position relative to lever mechanism (150).
- The breech system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide element (110, 110') is designed as a guide carriage (110) that is attached axially movable to the guide element (110), wherein the guide carriage (110) is mounted to be axially movable along guide piece (105).
- The breech system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the guide element is designed as a guide profile with the actuating element, wherein the guide profile is movably mounted directly on the base piece.
- A barrelled weapon (1) comprising a cradle (40) and a weapon barrel (20) mounted movable in the cradle (40) such that it is movable from a rest position to a recoil position, comprising at least one breech system (10) according one of claims 1 to 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019122290.7A DE102019122290B3 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Locking system and barrel weapon |
| PCT/EP2020/070777 WO2021032401A1 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2020-07-23 | Breech system and barrelled weapon |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4018149A1 EP4018149A1 (en) | 2022-06-29 |
| EP4018149B1 true EP4018149B1 (en) | 2025-09-03 |
Family
ID=71833317
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20746601.2A Active EP4018149B1 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2020-07-23 | Breech system and barrelled weapon |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11680758B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4018149B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP7542054B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102777638B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102019122290B3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK4018149T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES3042385T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI4018149T3 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL290721B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021032401A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2434972A (en) * | 1946-01-31 | 1948-01-27 | Fred A Vick | Recoil operated device for opening and closing a breechblock mechanism |
| US3362292A (en) * | 1966-09-21 | 1968-01-09 | Army Usa | Short recoil breech actuating mechanism |
| DE3142457A1 (en) * | 1981-10-27 | 1983-05-05 | Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel | DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY OPENING THE LOCKING WEDGE ON A SEMI-AUTOMATIC ARMS SYSTEM |
| DE3839496A1 (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-05-31 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | LOCKING DEVICE FOR INTERRUPTING THE LOCKING KEY MOVEMENT |
| DE3914538A1 (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-11-08 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Safety mechanism for breech of gun - consists of spring-loaded lever which prevents access to actuating toothed rack |
| US5589656A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1996-12-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Split wedge/breechblock and sealing means for gun |
| GB2327115B (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 2001-06-06 | Rheinmetall Ind Ag | Transverse action breech block for a weapon |
| DE19823785C2 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2003-03-20 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Vertical wedge lock for a large caliber weapon |
| DE19804653C2 (en) | 1998-02-06 | 2001-03-08 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Large-caliber weapon |
| DE10146423A1 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-17 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | weapon |
| DE102004052550A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Wedge lock for a barrel weapon |
| DE102009037899A1 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2011-02-24 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Wedge lock of a barrel weapon |
| DE102010015570B3 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-06-01 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | barreled weapon |
| DE102010015569A1 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-20 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | barreled weapon |
| US8857308B1 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-10-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Cannon breechblock insert assembly |
| RU2678934C1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-02-04 | Акционерное общество "Завод N9" (АО "Завод N9") | Artillery-type weapon breechblock mechanism |
-
2019
- 2019-08-20 DE DE102019122290.7A patent/DE102019122290B3/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-07-23 KR KR1020227009015A patent/KR102777638B1/en active Active
- 2020-07-23 IL IL290721A patent/IL290721B2/en unknown
- 2020-07-23 FI FIEP20746601.2T patent/FI4018149T3/en active
- 2020-07-23 EP EP20746601.2A patent/EP4018149B1/en active Active
- 2020-07-23 ES ES20746601T patent/ES3042385T3/en active Active
- 2020-07-23 WO PCT/EP2020/070777 patent/WO2021032401A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2020-07-23 JP JP2022510998A patent/JP7542054B2/en active Active
- 2020-07-23 DK DK20746601.2T patent/DK4018149T3/en active
-
2022
- 2022-02-18 US US17/675,141 patent/US11680758B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019122290B3 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
| DK4018149T3 (en) | 2025-09-29 |
| IL290721B1 (en) | 2023-08-01 |
| US20220170707A1 (en) | 2022-06-02 |
| IL290721A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
| WO2021032401A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
| EP4018149A1 (en) | 2022-06-29 |
| ES3042385T3 (en) | 2025-11-20 |
| KR102777638B1 (en) | 2025-03-10 |
| US11680758B2 (en) | 2023-06-20 |
| IL290721B2 (en) | 2023-12-01 |
| KR20220060536A (en) | 2022-05-11 |
| JP2022545444A (en) | 2022-10-27 |
| JP7542054B2 (en) | 2024-08-29 |
| FI4018149T3 (en) | 2025-10-12 |
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