EP4073213B1 - Use of a lubricating grease composition having a high upper use temperature - Google Patents
Use of a lubricating grease composition having a high upper use temperature Download PDFInfo
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- EP4073213B1 EP4073213B1 EP20800639.5A EP20800639A EP4073213B1 EP 4073213 B1 EP4073213 B1 EP 4073213B1 EP 20800639 A EP20800639 A EP 20800639A EP 4073213 B1 EP4073213 B1 EP 4073213B1
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- grease composition
- lubricant grease
- use according
- thickener
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M117/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M119/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a macromolecular compound
- C10M119/24—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M123/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M113/00 - C10M121/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M123/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M113/00 - C10M121/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
- C10M2207/1225—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/141—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings monocarboxylic
- C10M2207/1415—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/284—Esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
- C10M2215/1026—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates used as thickening material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
- C10M2217/0456—Polyureas; Polyurethanes used as thickening agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
- C10N2040/17—Electric or magnetic purposes for electric contacts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of a lubricating grease composition for lubricating surfaces in applications where a high upper service temperature is necessary and in particular in the automotive industry.
- a key application area for the lubrication of plastic surfaces is the lubrication of friction partners in actuators.
- these are playing an increasingly important role in measurement, control and regulation technology, for example in the automotive industry, and on the other hand, they usually have friction partners that contain plastic - at least in part.
- friction partners that contain plastic place different demands on lubricating greases than purely metallic components, so that the lubricating greases usually used there do not usually offer satisfactory results, for example with regard to friction coefficients or durability.
- the properties of the lubricating greases can be adjusted by selecting the appropriate thickeners.
- aluminum complex soaps have proven to be suitable as thickeners.
- Aluminum complex soaps have long been known as thickeners for lubricating grease compositions and are described in many literature sources, for example in JL Dreher, TH Koundakijan and CF "Manufacture and Properties of Aluminum Complex Greases", NLGI Spokesman, 107-113, 1965 ; HW Kruschwitz “The Development of Formulations for Aluminum Complex Thickener Systems” NLGI Spokesman, 51-59, 1976 ; HW Kruschwitz “The Manufacture and Uses of Aluminum Complex Greases” NLGI National Meeting Preprints 1985 .
- Another advantage of aluminum complex soaps is that they are able to reduce the dynamic viscosity of the lubricant due to their high shear instability. This enables the use of base oils with higher viscosities, which is particularly advantageous for metal/plastic friction partners. Due to the higher lubricant film obtained between the friction partners, wear can be reduced over the service life. In addition, an increased base oil viscosity is beneficial for the noise vibration harshness (NVH) behavior in the component.
- NSH noise vibration harshness
- the EP2077318 (A1) an aluminum complex soap-free lubricating grease composition for use with plastic-containing friction partners in automobiles.
- the lubricating grease composition contains a base oil selected from at least one synthetic hydrocarbon oil, a synthetic ester-based oil and a synthetic ether-based oil, and a thickener selected from at least one lithium-based soap, a lithium-based complex soap and a urea-based compound.
- EP 2 021 439 A1 describes the use of a lubricating grease composition for lubricating friction pairs comprising plastic parts, the lubricating grease composition comprising (A) a base oil, (B) 5 to 10% by weight of a urea compound, (C) 0.5 to 20% by weight of at least one phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of a phosphoric acid salt, a metaphosphoric acid salt, a diphosphoric acid salt (pyrophosphate), a triphosphoric acid salt (tripolyphosphate), a phosphoric acid salt, a diphosphoric acid salt and a hypophosphoric acid salt, and (D) 0.5 to 40% by weight of a fatty acid metal salt.
- a lubricating grease composition based on an aluminum complex thickener which is suitable for lubricating the surfaces of friction partners containing plastic or of a combination of metallic and plastic-containing friction partners and which has a satisfactory temperature stability in the form of an upper service temperature of preferably above 90°C and in particular above 120°C.
- a thickener comprising an aluminum-based complex soap in combination with a polyurea thickener makes it possible to obtain a lubricating grease composition which is excellently suitable for lubricating the surfaces of components in applications in which a high upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition is necessary.
- the lubricating grease composition is therefore excellently suitable for applications in the automotive sector, since the service temperatures required in the automotive sector, which are usually in the range from -40°C to +120°C, can be achieved without any problems.
- Examples of applications in which an upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition of at least 90°C is necessary are the lubrication of ball joints, spur gears, worm gears and planetary gears and actuators of brushed or brushless direct current motors (DC, BLDC motors) and/or alternating current motors (AC, BLAC motors).
- the lubricating grease composition used according to the invention preferably has an upper service temperature of at least 90°C, for example 90°C to 180°C and/or 90°C to 160°C and/or 90°C to 150°C, preferably at least 100°C, for example 100°C to 180°C and/or 100°C to 160°C and/or 100°C to 150°C, more preferably 110°C to 180°C and/or 110 to 170°C and/or 110°C to 160°C and/or 110°C to 150°C.
- an upper service temperature of at least 90°C, for example 90°C to 180°C and/or 90°C to 160°C and/or 90°C to 150°C, preferably at least 100°C, for example 100°C to 180°C and/or 100°C to 160°C and/or 100°C to 150°C, more preferably 110°C to 180°C and/or 110 to 170°C and/or 110°C to 160°C and/or 110°C to 150°C
- the upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition is the highest temperature at which the Lubricating grease composition can be used without losing its usability.
- the upper service temperature can be determined according to the invention by measuring the oil separation at different temperatures.
- the upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition is the highest temperature at which the lubricating grease composition has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / X°C) of less than 12 wt.%.
- the lubricating grease composition preferably has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C) of less than 12 wt.%, more preferably less than 10 wt.% and in particular less than 6 wt.%
- the lubricating grease composition also preferably has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C, then 24h / 110°C) of less than 16 wt.%, more preferably less than 14 wt.% and in particular less than 13 wt.%.
- the lubricating grease composition has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C, then 24h / 110°C, then 24h / 120°C) of less than 20 wt.%, more preferably less than 15 wt.% and in particular less than 12 wt.%.
- the lubricating grease composition has a service temperature range of -60°C to +180°C and/or from -50°C to +160°C, and/or from -40°C to +150°C and/or from -40°C to +140°C and/or from -40°C to +120°C.
- a service temperature range of the lubricating grease composition is understood to mean the temperature range at which the lubricating grease composition can be used without losing its usability.
- a lubricating grease composition at its service temperature has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / X°C) of less than 12 wt.%.
- a lubricating grease composition has a flow pressure (DIN 51805-2:2016-09) of less than or equal to 1400 mbar at its service temperature.
- the grease composition can also be used at temperatures higher or lower than the temperatures mentioned above, provided that these temperatures only occur for a short period of time, for example less than 10 minutes.
- the temperature is maintained for a period of at least 10 minutes, more preferably at least 20 minutes, even more preferably at least 40 minutes and especially at least 60 minutes.
- the high temperature stability of the grease composition was surprising in that the use of complex soaps based on As explained above, aluminum is known to lead to lubricating greases with a rather low temperature stability of generally below 90°C. Without committing to a specific mechanism, it is assumed that a synergism develops between the aluminum complex side and the polyurea thickener, which increases the temperature stability of the aluminum complex side. This is probably because both thickener components are easy to mix with each other, thus creating a hybrid thickener system. The significantly higher upper service temperature of the polyurea thickener has a positive effect on the upper service temperature of the aluminum-based complex soap without negatively affecting the general positive properties of the aluminum-based complex soap.
- a polyurea thickener is understood to be a reaction product of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatophenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodi-phenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3-3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination, with an amine of the general formula R'2-N-R, or a diamine of the general formula R'2-N-R-NR'2, where R is an aryl, alkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms and R' is identical or different and is a hydrogen, an alkyl, alkylene or aryl radical
- the proportion of the polyurea thickener in the lubricating grease composition according to the invention is from 1 wt.% to 11 wt.%, more preferably from 2 wt.% to 10 wt.%, and in particular from 3 wt.% to 9 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
- the radicals R are also preferably derived from fatty acids selected from the group consisting of lauric acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid and mixtures thereof.
- Aluminum-based complex soaps as shown in formula 1 are aluminum carboxylate compounds that can be produced by reacting a fatty acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid and an aluminum alcohol derivative.
- Commercially used aluminum alcoholates are aluminum isopropoxylate or trioxyaluminum triisopropoxide.
- a simple way to produce the aforementioned aluminum-based complex soaps involves the reaction between a trioxyaluminum triisopropoxide (Al trimer for short), a fatty acid and benzoic acid:
- aluminum-based complex soaps as thickeners are that they combine good availability with a low price.
- aluminum complex soaps have good water resistance, pumpability, good low-temperature behavior and high material compatibility.
- the proportion of aluminum-based complex soap and polyurea thickener taken together is from 2 wt.% to 22 wt.%, more preferably from 4 wt.% to 20 wt.% and in particular from 6 wt.% to 18 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
- the invention encompasses the use of the lubricating grease composition for lubricating the surfaces of plastic-containing friction partners or of a combination of metallic and plastic-containing friction partners and in particular of friction partners of the aforementioned type in actuators, in particular in the automotive sector.
- Suitable base oils are conventional lubricating oils that are liquid at room temperature (20°C).
- the base oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity of 18 mm 2 /s to 20000 mm 2 /s, in particular 30 mm 2 /s to 400 mm 2 /s at 40°C.
- Base oils are divided into mineral and synthetic oils.
- a base oil is the base fluid normally used for the manufacture of lubricants, in particular oils that belong to groups I, II, II+, III, IV or V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [ NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p.14ff ] can be assigned. Mineral oils are classified according to the API Group.
- API Group I are mineral oils that consist, for example, of naphthenic or paraffin-based oils. If these mineral oils are chemically modified compared to API Group I oils, low in aromatics, low in sulfur and have a low proportion of saturated compounds and thus improved viscosity/temperature behavior, the oils are classified according to API Group II and III. API Group III also includes so-called gas-to-liquid oils, which are not produced from the refining of crude oil, but through the chemical conversion of natural gas.
- Synthetic oils include polyethers, esters, polyesters, preferably polyalphaolefins, in particular metallocene polyalphaolefins, polyethers, perfluoropolyalkyl ethers (PFPAE), alkylated naphthalenes, silicone oils and alkylaromatics and mixtures thereof.
- the polyether compound can have free hydroxyl groups, but can also be completely etherified or end-group esterified and/or consist of a starting compound with one or more Hydroxyl and/or carboxyl groups (-COOH).
- Polyphenyl ethers, possibly alkylated, are also possible as sole components or, even better, as mixed components.
- Suitable esters are esters of an aromatic and/or aliphatic di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid with one or a mixture of C7 to C22 alcohols, esters of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol with aliphatic C7 to C22 carboxylic acids, esters of C18 dimer acids with C7 to C22 alcohols, complex esters, as individual components or in any mixture.
- Silicone oils, native oils and derivatives of native oils are also suitable.
- base oils according to the invention are polyalphaolefins, in particular metallocene polyalphaolefins, and naphthenic mineral oils according to API Group I classification.
- the proportion of base oil in the lubricating grease composition according to the invention is from 55% by weight to 98% by weight, more preferably from 60% by weight to 95% by weight, and in particular from 68% by weight to 92% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
- composition according to the invention can also contain other additives, for example antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, lubricity improvers, extreme pressure and wear protection additives, metal deactivators, viscosity and adhesion improvers, dyes, friction reducers.
- additives for example antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, lubricity improvers, extreme pressure and wear protection additives, metal deactivators, viscosity and adhesion improvers, dyes, friction reducers.
- antioxidants can reduce or even prevent the oxidation of the lubricating grease composition according to the invention, particularly during its use. During oxidation, undesirable free radicals can form and, as a result, increased decomposition reactions of the lubricant can occur.
- the addition of antioxidants stabilizes the lubricating grease composition.
- Antioxidants which are particularly suitable according to the invention are the following compounds: styrenated diphenylamines, diaromatic amines, phenolic resins, thiophenol resins, phosphites, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated/butylated diphenylamine, di-alpha-tocopherol, di-tert-butyl-phenyl, benzenepropanoic acid, sulfur-containing phenolic compounds and mixtures of these components.
- the lubricating grease composition can also contain other additives, in particular corrosion protection additives, metal deactivators or ion complexing agents.
- additives include triazoles, imidazolines, N-methylglycine (sarcosine), benzotriazole derivatives, N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ar-methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methanamine; n-methyl-N(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)glycine, mixtures of phosphoric acid and mono- and diisooctyl esters reacted with (C 11-14 )-alkylamines, mixtures of phosphoric acid and mono- and diisooctyl esters reacted with tert-alkylamine and primary (C 12-14 )-amines, dodecanoic acid, triphenyl phosphorothionate and amine phosphates.
- IRGAMET ® 39 IRGACOR ® DSS G, Amin O; SARKOSYL ® O (Ciba), COBRATEC ® 122, CUVAN ® 303, VANLUBE ® 9123, CI-426, CI-426EP, CI-429 and CI-498.
- wear protection additives are amines, amine phosphates, phosphates, thiophosphates, phosphothionates and mixtures of these Components.
- Commercially available anti-wear additives include IRGALUBE ® TPPT, IRGALUBE ® 232, IRGALUBE ® 349, IRGALUBE ® 211 and ADDITIN ® RC3760 Liq 3960, FIRC-SHUN ® FG 1505 and FG 1506, NA-LUBE ® KR-015FG, LUBEBOND ® , FLUORO ® FG, SYNALOX ® 40-D, ACHESON ® FGA 1820 and ACHESON ® FGA 1810.
- the lubricating grease composition can contain solid lubricants such as PTFE, boron nitride, polymer powders such as PTFE, polyamides or polyimides, pyrophosphate, metal oxides such as zinc oxide or magnesium oxide, metal sulfides such as zinc sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, tungsten sulfide or tin sulfide, pyrophosphates, thiosulfates, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium stearate, carbon modifications such as soot, graphite, graphene, nanotubes, fullerenes, SiO2 modifications, melanin cyanurate, or a mixture thereof.
- solid lubricants such as PTFE, boron nitride, polymer powders such as PTFE, polyamides or polyimides, pyrophosphate, metal oxides such as zinc oxide or magnesium oxide, metal sulfides such as zinc sulfide,
- the proportion of solid lubricants is from 1 wt.% to 30 wt.%, more preferably from 1.5 wt.% to 25 wt.%, and in particular from 2 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
- a standard manufacturing process for lubricating greases is used. Heated reactors are used, which can also be designed as autoclaves or vacuum reactors. If necessary, the grease obtained can be homogenized, filtered and/or deaerated.
- Lubricating grease composition by separate production of an aluminium-based complex soap (base grease A) and a polyurea thickener (base grease B-H) with subsequent mixing and additives.
- Base fat A (aluminium-based complex soap):
- the base oil or part of the base oil or oil mixture is placed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer suitable for the production of lubricating greases.
- the aluminum-based complex soap is produced in this vessel by reacting polyoxyaluminum stearate with benzoic acid and stearic acid.
- the reaction mixture is then heated, with peak temperatures of up to 210°C occurring, in order to drive out the water and melt the thickener.
- the subsequent cooling phase determines the morphology of the thickener.
- Remaining base oil can be used to specifically adjust the consistency.
- Base greases B-H polyurea thickeners
- the base oil or part of the base oil or oil mixture is placed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with an agitator suitable for the production of lubricating greases.
- the isocyanate component or components are then added and heated to 60°C while stirring.
- part of the base oil is mixed with the amine component or components at 60°C until the solution is homogeneous.
- the amine solution is added to the isocyanate solution while stirring and heated to up to 200°C.
- the subsequent cooling phase determines the morphology of the thickener.
- Remaining base oil can be used to specifically adjust the consistency.
- Base grease A and polyurea grease are mixed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer suitable for the production of lubricating greases.
- the additives are added while stirring at 120°C. Once the desired consistency has been achieved, the product is homogenized, filtered if necessary and deaerated.
- Manufacturing process B Formation of the lubricating grease composition by sequential production of an aluminum-based complex soap and a polyurea thickener in the base oil with subsequent addition of the additives.
- the base oil or part of the base oil or oil mixture is placed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with an agitator suitable for the production of lubricating greases.
- the aluminum-based complex soap is produced therein by reacting polyoxyaluminum stearate with benzoic acid and stearic acid. The The reaction mixture is heated, with peak temperatures of up to 210°C occurring, in order to drive out the water and melt the thickener.
- the brew is then cooled to 60°C and the isocyanate component or components are added and melted while stirring.
- part of the base oil is mixed with the amine component or components at 60°C until the solution is homogeneous.
- the amine solution is added to the isocyanate solution while stirring and heated to up to 200°C.
- the subsequent cooling phase determines the morphology of the thickener.
- Remaining base oil can be used to specifically adjust the consistency.
- the additives are added while stirring from 120°C. Once the desired consistency has been achieved, the product is homogenized, filtered if necessary and deaerated.
- the penetration is determined according to DIN ISO 2137:2016-12.
- the worked penetration is measured after 60 double cycles.
- the oil separation is determined in accordance with ASTM D 6184-17 with the deviations described below.
- the storage time is 72 hours, whereby after every 24 h) the amount of oil separated is determined and ii) the temperature is increased by 10°C.
- the storage time is 30 hours.
- a separate measurement is carried out at 130 and 150°C.
- Table 2 shows that the hybrid greases can be produced using a variety of combinations of a thickener comprising a complex soap based on aluminum and a polyurea thickener.
- Table 3 shows that both of the production processes mentioned are suitable for formulating comparable greases.
- the content of the thickener based on an aluminum complex soap as well as the content of polyurea thickener can be varied among each other and overall.
- Table 4 and Table 5 show, by comparing the oil separations, that hybrid greases based on a combination of a thickener comprising a complex soap on aluminum and a polyurea thickener are superior to the classic aluminum complex soaps at higher service temperatures.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung einer Schmierfettzusammensetzung zum Schmieren von Oberflächen in Anwendungen, bei denen eine hohe obere Gebrauchstemperatur notwendig ist und insbesondere in der Automobilindustrie.The present invention relates to the use of a lubricating grease composition for lubricating surfaces in applications where a high upper service temperature is necessary and in particular in the automotive industry.
In der Vergangenheit wurden Schmierfette überwiegend bei rein metallischen Bauteilen verwendet. Um den beispielsweise in der Automobilindustrie stetig steigenden Anforderungen an ein geringeres Gewicht und geringere Kosten nachzukommen, werden jedoch zunehmend kunststoffhaltige Bauteile eingesetzt. Aus diesem Grund steigt der Bedarf an Schmierfetten, die auf die Schmierung von Kunststoff enthaltenden Reibpartnern und/oder auf eine Kombination aus metallischen und Kunststoff enthaltenden Reibpartnern abgestimmt sind.In the past, lubricating greases were mainly used for purely metallic components. In order to meet the ever-increasing demands for lower weight and lower costs, for example in the automotive industry, components containing plastic are increasingly being used. For this reason, the need for lubricating greases that are tailored to the lubrication of friction partners containing plastic and/or a combination of metallic and plastic friction partners is increasing.
Ein wesentliches Anwendungsgebiet für die Schmierung von Kunststoffoberflächen ist die Schmierung von Reibpartnern in Aktuatoren. Zum einen nehmen diese in der Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik, beispielsweise in der Automobilindustrie, nämlich eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle ein und zum anderen weisen sie in der Regel - zumindest anteilig - Kunststoff enthaltende Reibungspartner auf. Kunststoff enthaltende Reibungspartner stellen an Schmierfette aber andere Anforderungen als rein metallische Bauteile, so dass die dort üblicherweise verwendeten Schmierfette in der Regel keine zufriedenstellenden Ergebnisse, beispielsweise im Hinblick auf Reibungskoeffizienten oder Haltbarkeit, bieten.A key application area for the lubrication of plastic surfaces is the lubrication of friction partners in actuators. On the one hand, these are playing an increasingly important role in measurement, control and regulation technology, for example in the automotive industry, and on the other hand, they usually have friction partners that contain plastic - at least in part. However, friction partners that contain plastic place different demands on lubricating greases than purely metallic components, so that the lubricating greases usually used there do not usually offer satisfactory results, for example with regard to friction coefficients or durability.
Die Eigenschaften der Schmierfette können unter anderem durch geeignete Auswahl der Verdicker eingestellt werden. Für bestimmte Anwendungen haben sich Aluminiumkomplexseifen als Verdicker als geeignet erwiesen. So sind Aluminiumkomplexseifen als Verdicker für Schmierfettzusammensetzungen seit langem bekannt und in vielen Literaturstellen beschrieben, beispielsweise in
Nichtsdestotrotz wird der globale Markt für Fette dominiert von konventionellen Lithium-Einfachseifen als Verdicker, gefolgt von Lithiumkomplex- und Calciumeinfachseifen. Gerade in der Automobilindustrie, wo generell eine hohe Anforderung an den Temperatureinsatzbereich gestellt wird (mindestens -40°C bis +120°C) sind Aluminiumkomplexseifen kaum präsent. Dies ist umso erstaunlicher, da die Verwendung von Aluminiumkomplexseifen mehrere Vorteile mit sich bringt. Im Vergleich zu Lithiumeinfach- und -komplexseifen wäre hier zum einem die bessere Verfügbarkeit der Aluminiumquelle zu nennen. Gerade in Zeiten der Elektromobilität hat sich der Preis für Lithiumhydroxid in den letzten Jahren drastisch erhöht und es ist in der Zukunft nicht klar abzusehen, wie sich die Verfügbarkeit bzw. der Preis entwickeln werden. Darüber hinaus weisen Aluminiumkomplexseifen eine gute Wasserbeständigkeit, Pumpbarkeit, ein gutes Tieftemperaturverhalten und eine hohe Materialverträglichkeit auf.Nevertheless, the global market for greases is dominated by conventional lithium simple soaps as thickeners, followed by lithium complex and calcium simple soaps. Especially in the automotive industry, where high requirements are generally placed on the temperature range (at least -40°C to +120°C), aluminum complex soaps are hardly present. This is all the more surprising because the use of aluminum complex soaps has several advantages. Compared to lithium simple and complex soaps One of the advantages here is the better availability of the aluminum source. Especially in times of electromobility, the price of lithium hydroxide has increased dramatically in recent years and it is not clear how availability or price will develop in the future. In addition, aluminum complex soaps have good water resistance, pumpability, good low-temperature behavior and high material compatibility.
Ein weiterer Vorteil von Aluminiumkomplexseifen ist, dass sie dazu in der Lage sind aufgrund ihrer hohen Scherinstabilität die dynamische Viskosität des Schmierstoffes herab zu setzen. Hierdurch ermöglichen sie die Verwendung von Grundölen mit höheren Viskositäten, was insbesondere bei Metall / Kunststoff-Reibpartnern vorteilhaft ist. Bedingt durch den hierdurch erhaltenen höheren Schmierstofffilm zwischen den Reibpartnern kann so nämlich der Verschleiß über die Lebensdauer reduziert werden. Darüber hinaus ist eine erhöhte Grundölviskosität vorteilhaft für das Noise Vibration Harshness (NVH) Verhalten im Bauteil.Another advantage of aluminum complex soaps is that they are able to reduce the dynamic viscosity of the lubricant due to their high shear instability. This enables the use of base oils with higher viscosities, which is particularly advantageous for metal/plastic friction partners. Due to the higher lubricant film obtained between the friction partners, wear can be reduced over the service life. In addition, an increased base oil viscosity is beneficial for the noise vibration harshness (NVH) behavior in the component.
Der Nachteil von Aluminiumkomplexseifen, und sicherlich auch ein Grund warum sie keine breite Verwendung in der Automobilindustrie gefunden haben, ist, dass Aluminiumkomplexseifen zwar einen hohen Tropfpunkt (≥ 220°C) besitzen, dieser jedoch nicht gleich zu setzen ist mit der oberen Gebrauchstemperatur. Aluminiumkomplexseifen verflüssigen sich in Abhängigkeit von ihrer Konsistenzkennzahl (NLGI) mit der Zeit bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 90°C, stehen somit der zur schmierenden Reibstelle nicht mehr zur Verfügung und erfüllen deshalb nicht die Anforderung der Automobilindustrie von einer hohen oberen Gebrauchstemperatur, die vorzugsweise mindestens 120°C sein sollte.The disadvantage of aluminum complex soaps, and certainly one reason why they have not been widely used in the automotive industry, is that although aluminum complex soaps have a high dropping point (≥ 220°C), this is not the same as the upper service temperature. Depending on their consistency index (NLGI), aluminum complex soaps liquefy over time at temperatures above 90°C, are therefore no longer available to the friction point to be lubricated and therefore do not meet the automotive industry's requirement of a high upper service temperature, which should preferably be at least 120°C.
Dementsprechend beschreibt beispielsweise die
Es wäre mithin wünschenswert eine Schmierfettzusammensetzung auf Basis eines Aluminiumkomplexverdickers zu erhalten, die zur Schmierung der Oberflächen von Kunststoff enthaltenden Reibpartnern oder von einer Kombination aus metallischen und Kunststoff enthaltenden Reibpartnern geeignet ist und die eine zufrieden stellende Temperaturstabilität in Form einer oberen Gebrauchstemperatur von vorzugsweise über 90°C und insbesondere über 120°C aufweist.It would therefore be desirable to obtain a lubricating grease composition based on an aluminum complex thickener which is suitable for lubricating the surfaces of friction partners containing plastic or of a combination of metallic and plastic-containing friction partners and which has a satisfactory temperature stability in the form of an upper service temperature of preferably above 90°C and in particular above 120°C.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Verwendung einer Schmierfettzusammensetzung, enthaltend
- ein Grundöl,
- ein Verdickungsmittel, umfassend eine Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis und einen Polyharnstoffverdicker,
- a base oil,
- a thickener comprising an aluminium-based complex soap and a polyurea thickener,
Überraschend wurde erfindungsgemäß gefunden, dass es die Verwendung eines Verdickungsmittels, umfassend eine Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis in Kombination mit einem Polyharnstoffverdicker ermöglicht, eine Schmierfettzusammensetzung zu erhalten, die hervorragend zur Schmierung der Oberflächen von Bauteilen bei Anwendungen geeignet ist, bei denen eine hohe obere Gebrauchstemperatur der Schmierfettzusammensetzung notwendig ist. Somit eignet sich die Schmierfettzusammensetzung hervorragend für Anwendungen im Automobilbereich, da die im Automobilbereich geforderten Gebrauchstemperaturen, die üblicherweise im Bereich von -40°C bis +120°C liegen, problemlos erzielt werden können. Beispiele für Anwendungen, bei denen eine obere Gebrauchstemperatur der Schmierfettzusammensetzung von mindestens 90°C notwendig ist, ist die Schmierung von Kugelgelenken, Stirnrad-, Schnecken- und Planetengetrieben und Aktuatoren von bürstenbehafteten oder bürstenlosen Gleichstrommotoren (DC-, BLDC-Motoren) und/oder Wechselstrommotoren (AC-, BLAC-Motoren).Surprisingly, it has been found according to the invention that the use of a thickener comprising an aluminum-based complex soap in combination with a polyurea thickener makes it possible to obtain a lubricating grease composition which is excellently suitable for lubricating the surfaces of components in applications in which a high upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition is necessary. The lubricating grease composition is therefore excellently suitable for applications in the automotive sector, since the service temperatures required in the automotive sector, which are usually in the range from -40°C to +120°C, can be achieved without any problems. Examples of applications in which an upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition of at least 90°C is necessary are the lubrication of ball joints, spur gears, worm gears and planetary gears and actuators of brushed or brushless direct current motors (DC, BLDC motors) and/or alternating current motors (AC, BLAC motors).
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendete Schmierfettzusammensetzung weist vorzugsweise eine obere Gebrauchstemperatur von mindestens 90°C, beispielweise 90°C bis 180°C und/oder 90°C bis 160°C und/oder 90°C bis 150°C, bevorzugt mindestens 100°C, beispielweise 100°C bis 180°C und/oder 100°C bis 160°C und/oder 100°C bis 150°C, noch bevorzugter 110 °C bis 180°C und/oder 110 bis 170°C und/oder 110°C bis 160°C und/oder 110°C bis 150°C auf.The lubricating grease composition used according to the invention preferably has an upper service temperature of at least 90°C, for example 90°C to 180°C and/or 90°C to 160°C and/or 90°C to 150°C, preferably at least 100°C, for example 100°C to 180°C and/or 100°C to 160°C and/or 100°C to 150°C, more preferably 110°C to 180°C and/or 110 to 170°C and/or 110°C to 160°C and/or 110°C to 150°C.
Unter einer oberen Gebrauchstemperatur der Schmierfettzusammensetzung ist die höchste Temperatur zu verstehen, bei der die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eingesetzt werden kann, ohne ihre Gebrauchsfähigkeit zu verlieren. Die obere Gebrauchstemperatur kann erfindungsgemäß durch Messung der Ölabscheidung bei verschiedenen Temperaturen bestimmt werden. Erfindungsgemäß ist die obere Gebrauchstemperatur der Schmierfettzusammensetzung die höchste Temperatur, bei der die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eine Ölabscheidung gemäß ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / X°C) von weniger als 12 Gew.% aufweist. Bevorzugt weist die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eine Ölabscheidung gemäß ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C) von weniger als 12 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter von weniger als 10 Gew.% und insbesondere weniger als 6 Gew.% auf. Ebenfalls bevorzugt weist die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eine Ölabscheidung gemäß ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C, anschließend 24h/ 110°C) von weniger als 16 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter weniger als 14 Gew.% und insbesondere weniger als 13 Gew.% auf. Ebenfalls bevorzugt weist die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eine Ölabscheidung gemäß ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C, anschließend 24h / 110°C, anschließend 24h / 120°C) von weniger als 20 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter weniger als 15 Gew.% und insbesondere weniger als 12 Gew.% auf.The upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition is the highest temperature at which the Lubricating grease composition can be used without losing its usability. The upper service temperature can be determined according to the invention by measuring the oil separation at different temperatures. According to the invention, the upper service temperature of the lubricating grease composition is the highest temperature at which the lubricating grease composition has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / X°C) of less than 12 wt.%. The lubricating grease composition preferably has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C) of less than 12 wt.%, more preferably less than 10 wt.% and in particular less than 6 wt.% The lubricating grease composition also preferably has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C, then 24h / 110°C) of less than 16 wt.%, more preferably less than 14 wt.% and in particular less than 13 wt.%. Also preferably, the lubricating grease composition has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / 100°C, then 24h / 110°C, then 24h / 120°C) of less than 20 wt.%, more preferably less than 15 wt.% and in particular less than 12 wt.%.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Schmierfettzusammensetzung einen Gebrauchstemperaturbereich von -60°C bis +180°C und/oder von -50°C bis +160°C, und/oder von -40°C bis +150°C und/oder von -40°C bis +140°C und oder von -40°C bis +120°C auf. Unter einem Gebrauchstemperaturbereich der Schmierfettzusammensetzung ist der Temperaturbereich zu verstehen, bei der die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eingesetzt werden kann, ohne ihre Gebrauchsfähigkeit zu verlieren. So weist erfindungsgemäß eine Schmierfettzusammensetzung bei ihrer Gebrauchstemperatur eine Ölabscheidung gemäß ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / X°C) von weniger als 12 Gew.% auf. Ferner weist eine Schmierfettzusammensetzung bei ihrer Gebrauchstemperatur einen Fließdruck (DIN 51805-2:2016-09) von kleiner gleich 1400 mbar auf.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricating grease composition has a service temperature range of -60°C to +180°C and/or from -50°C to +160°C, and/or from -40°C to +150°C and/or from -40°C to +140°C and/or from -40°C to +120°C. A service temperature range of the lubricating grease composition is understood to mean the temperature range at which the lubricating grease composition can be used without losing its usability. Thus, according to the invention, a lubricating grease composition at its service temperature has an oil separation according to ASTM D 6184-17 (24h / X°C) of less than 12 wt.%. Furthermore, a lubricating grease composition has a flow pressure (DIN 51805-2:2016-09) of less than or equal to 1400 mbar at its service temperature.
Nichtsdestotrotz kann die Schmierfettzusammensetzung auch bei Temperaturen eingesetzt werden, die höher oder tiefer als die oben genannten Temperaturen sind, sofern diese Temperaturen lediglich für einen kurzen Zeitraum, beispielweise weniger als 10 Minuten auftreten.Nevertheless, the grease composition can also be used at temperatures higher or lower than the temperatures mentioned above, provided that these temperatures only occur for a short period of time, for example less than 10 minutes.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung einer Schmierfettzusammensetzung, enthaltend
- ein Grundöl,
- ein Verdickungsmittel, umfassend eine Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis und einen Polyharnstoffverdicker
- a base oil,
- a thickener comprising an aluminium-based complex soap and a polyurea thickener
Die Temperatur wird für einen Zeitraum von mindestens 10 Minuten, noch bevorzugter von mindestens 20 Minuten, noch bevorzugter von mindestens 40 Minuten und insbesondere von mindestens 60 Minuten aufrechterhalten.The temperature is maintained for a period of at least 10 minutes, more preferably at least 20 minutes, even more preferably at least 40 minutes and especially at least 60 minutes.
Die hohe Temperaturstabilität der Schmierfettzusammensetzung war insofern überraschend, als die Verwendung von Komplexseifen auf Basis von Aluminium, wie oben erläutert, bekanntermaßen zu Schmierfetten mit einer eher geringen Temperaturstabilität von in der Regel unter 90°C führt. Ohne sich auf einen Mechanismus festzulegen, wird vermutet, dass sich ein Synergismus zwischen Aluminiumkomplexseite und Polyharnstoffverdicker ausbildet, der die Temperaturstabilität der Aluminiumkomplexseite erhöht. Dies liegt vermutlich daran, dass beide Verdickerkomponenten gut miteinander mischbar sind und somit ein Hybridverdickersystem entsteht. Die deutlich höhere obere Gebrauchstemperatur des Polyharnstoffverdickers beeinflusst dabei positiv die obere Gebrauchstemperatur der Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis ohne die allgemeinen positiven Eigenschaften der Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis negativ zu beeinflussen.The high temperature stability of the grease composition was surprising in that the use of complex soaps based on As explained above, aluminum is known to lead to lubricating greases with a rather low temperature stability of generally below 90°C. Without committing to a specific mechanism, it is assumed that a synergism develops between the aluminum complex side and the polyurea thickener, which increases the temperature stability of the aluminum complex side. This is probably because both thickener components are easy to mix with each other, thus creating a hybrid thickener system. The significantly higher upper service temperature of the polyurea thickener has a positive effect on the upper service temperature of the aluminum-based complex soap without negatively affecting the general positive properties of the aluminum-based complex soap.
Unter einem Polyharnstoffverdicker versteht man ein Reaktionsprodukt aus einem Diisocyanat, vorzugsweise 2,4-Diisocyanatotoluol, 2,6-Diisocyanatotoluol, 4,4'-Diisocyanatodiphenylmethan, 2,4'-Diisocyanatophenylmethan, 4,4'-Diisocyanatodi-phenyl, 4,4'-Diisocyanato-3-3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4'-Diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethan, die einzeln oder in Kombination verwendet werden können, mit einem Amin der allgemeinen Formel R'2-N-R, oder einem Diamin der allgemeinen Formel R'2-N-R-NR'2, wobei R ein Aryl-, Alkyl- oder Alkylenrest mit 2 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen ist und R' identisch oder verschieden ein Wasserstoff, ein Alkyl-, Alkylen- oder Arylrest mit 2 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, oder mit Gemischen aus Aminen und Diaminen ist.A polyurea thickener is understood to be a reaction product of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatophenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodi-phenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3-3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination, with an amine of the general formula R'2-N-R, or a diamine of the general formula R'2-N-R-NR'2, where R is an aryl, alkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms and R' is identical or different and is a hydrogen, an alkyl, alkylene or aryl radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, or with mixtures of amines and diamines.
Der Anteil des Polyharnstoffverdickers in der erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfettzusammensetzung beträgt 1 Gew.% bis 11 Gew.% noch bevorzugter von 2 Gew.% bis 10 Gew.%, und insbesondere von 3 Gew.% bis 9 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierfettzusammensetzung.The proportion of the polyurea thickener in the lubricating grease composition according to the invention is from 1 wt.% to 11 wt.%, more preferably from 2 wt.% to 10 wt.%, and in particular from 3 wt.% to 9 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
Erfindungsgemäß können grundsätzlich die verschiedensten, üblicherweise in Schmierfettzusammensetzungen eingesetzten, Komplexseifen auf Aluminiumbasis verwendet werden. In einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Komplexseifen auf Aluminiumbasis der
Bei Komplexseifen auf Aluminiumbasis wie gezeigt in Formel 1 handelt es sich um Aluminiumcarboxylatverbindungen, die durch eine Umsetzung von einer Fettsäure, einer aromatischen Carbonsäure und einem Aluminiumalkoholderivat hergestellt werden können. Kommerziell eingesetzte Aluminiumalkoholate sind Aluminiumisopropoxylat oder Trioxyaluminium-triisopropoxid. Ein einfacher Weg zur Herstellung der vorgenannten Komplexseifen auf Aluminiumbasis umfasst die Umsetzung zwischen einem Trioxyaluminium-triisopropoxid (kurz Al-Trimer), einer Fettsäure und Benzoesäure:
Alternativ kann auch eine Zwischenstufe wie z.B. Poly-oxy-aluminiumstearat zur entsprechenden Komplexseife umgesetzt werden. Dadurch entfällt in der Fettherstellung die Freisetzung von einem niedermolekularen Alkohol wie z.B. Isopropylalkohol.Alternatively, an intermediate stage such as polyoxy-aluminium stearate can be converted into the corresponding complex soap. This eliminates the release of a low-molecular alcohol such as isopropyl alcohol during fat production.
An der Verwendung der Komplexseifen auf Aluminiumbasis als Verdicker ist, wie oben erläutert, vorteilhaft, dass sie eine gute Verfügbarkeit mit einem niedrigen Preis kombinieren. Darüber hinaus weisen Aluminiumkomplexseifen eine gute Wasserbeständigkeit, Pumpbarkeit, ein gutes Tieftemperaturverhalten und eine hohe Materialverträglichkeit auf.As explained above, the advantage of using aluminum-based complex soaps as thickeners is that they combine good availability with a low price. In addition, aluminum complex soaps have good water resistance, pumpability, good low-temperature behavior and high material compatibility.
Der Anteil der Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis in der erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfettzusammensetzung beträgt von 1 Gew.% bis 11 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter von 2 Gew.% bis 10 Gew.% und insbesondere von 3 Gew.% bis 9 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierfettzusammensetzung.The proportion of the aluminum-based complex soap in the lubricating grease composition according to the invention is from 1 wt.% to 11 wt.%, more preferably from 2 wt.% to 10 wt.% and in particular from 3 wt.% to 9 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt der Anteil von Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis und Polyharnstoffverdicker zusammengenommen von 2 Gew.% bis 22 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter von 4 Gew.% bis 20 Gew.% und insbesondere von 6 Gew.% bis 18 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierfettzusammensetzung.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of aluminum-based complex soap and polyurea thickener taken together is from 2 wt.% to 22 wt.%, more preferably from 4 wt.% to 20 wt.% and in particular from 6 wt.% to 18 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
Die Erfindung umfasst die Verwendung der Schmierfettzusammensetzung zur Schmierung der Oberflächen von Kunststoff enthaltenden Reibpartnern oder von einer Kombination aus metallischen und Kunststoff enthaltenden Reibpartnern und insbesondere von Reibpartnern der vorgenannten Art in Aktuatoren, insbesondere im Automobilbereich.The invention encompasses the use of the lubricating grease composition for lubricating the surfaces of plastic-containing friction partners or of a combination of metallic and plastic-containing friction partners and in particular of friction partners of the aforementioned type in actuators, in particular in the automotive sector.
Als Grundöle sind übliche bei Raumtemperatur (20°C) flüssige Schmieröle geeignet. Das Grundöl weist vorzugsweise eine kinematische Viskosität von 18 mm2/s bis 20000 mm2/s, insbesondere von 30 mm2/s bis 400 mm2/s bei 40°C auf. Bei Grundölen unterscheidet man zwischen Mineral- und Syntheseölen. Unter einem Grundöl sind die üblichen für die Herstellung von Schmierstoffen verwendeten Basisflüssigkeiten, insbesondere Öle, die den Gruppen I, II, II+, III, IV oder V nach der Klassifizierung des American Petroleum Institute (API) [
Als Syntheseöle genannt seien Polyether, Ester, Polyester, vorzugsweise Polyalphaolefine, insbesondere metallocene Polyalphaolefine, Polyether, Perfluoropolyalkylether (PFPAE), alyklierte Naphthaline, Silikonöle und Alkylaromaten und deren Mischungen. Die Polyether-Verbindung kann freie Hydroxylgruppen aufweisen, aber auch vollständig verethert oder Endgruppen verestert sein und/oder aus einer Startverbindung mit einer oder mehreren Hydroxy- und/oder Carboxylgruppen(-COOH) hergestellt sein. Möglich sind auch Polyphenylether, ggf. alkyliert, als alleinige Komponenten oder besser noch als Mischkomponenten.Synthetic oils include polyethers, esters, polyesters, preferably polyalphaolefins, in particular metallocene polyalphaolefins, polyethers, perfluoropolyalkyl ethers (PFPAE), alkylated naphthalenes, silicone oils and alkylaromatics and mixtures thereof. The polyether compound can have free hydroxyl groups, but can also be completely etherified or end-group esterified and/or consist of a starting compound with one or more Hydroxyl and/or carboxyl groups (-COOH). Polyphenyl ethers, possibly alkylated, are also possible as sole components or, even better, as mixed components.
Geeignet einsetzbar sind Ester einer aromatischen und/oder aliphatischen Di-, Tri- oder Tetracarbonsäure mit einem oder in Mischung vorliegenden C7- bis C22-Alkoholen, Ester von Trimethylolpropan, Pentaerythrit oder Dipentaerythrit mit aliphatischen C7 bis C22-Carbonsäuren, Ester von C18-Dimersäuren mit C7- bis C22-Alkoholen, Komplexester, als Einzelkomponenten oder in beliebiger Mischung.Suitable esters are esters of an aromatic and/or aliphatic di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid with one or a mixture of C7 to C22 alcohols, esters of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol with aliphatic C7 to C22 carboxylic acids, esters of C18 dimer acids with C7 to C22 alcohols, complex esters, as individual components or in any mixture.
Ebenfalls geeignet sind Silikonöle, native Öle und Derivate von nativen Ölen.Silicone oils, native oils and derivatives of native oils are also suitable.
Erfindungsgemäß besonders bevorzugte Grundöle sind Polyalphaolefine, insbesondere metallocene Polyalphaolefine, sowie naphthenbasische Mineralöle gemäß Klassifizierung nach API Group I.Particularly preferred base oils according to the invention are polyalphaolefins, in particular metallocene polyalphaolefins, and naphthenic mineral oils according to API Group I classification.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt der Anteil des Grundöls in der erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfettzusammensetzung von 55 Gew.% bis 98 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter von 60 Gew.% bis 95 Gew.%, und insbesondere von 68 Gew.% bis 92 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierfettzusammensetzung.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of base oil in the lubricating grease composition according to the invention is from 55% by weight to 98% by weight, more preferably from 60% by weight to 95% by weight, and in particular from 68% by weight to 92% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
Neben Grundöl(en) und Verdicker(n) kann die erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung auch weitere Zusatzstoffe enthalten, beispielweise Antioxidantien, Korrosionsschutzmittel, Schmierfähigkeitsverbesserer, Hochdruck- und Verschleißschutzadditive, Metalldeaktivatoren, Viskositäts- und Haftverbesserer, Farbstoffe, Reibungsreduzierer.In addition to base oil(s) and thickener(s), the composition according to the invention can also contain other additives, for example antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, lubricity improvers, extreme pressure and wear protection additives, metal deactivators, viscosity and adhesion improvers, dyes, friction reducers.
Der Zusatz von Antioxidantien kann die Oxidation der erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfettzusammensetzung, insbesondere bei ihrem Einsatz, verringern oder gar verhindern. Bei einer Oxidation können unerwünschte freie Radikale entstehen und infolgedessen vermehrt Zersetzungsreaktionen des Schmierstoffes auftreten. Durch die Zugabe von Antioxidantien wird die Schmierfettzusammensetzung stabilisiert.The addition of antioxidants can reduce or even prevent the oxidation of the lubricating grease composition according to the invention, particularly during its use. During oxidation, undesirable free radicals can form and, as a result, increased decomposition reactions of the lubricant can occur. The addition of antioxidants stabilizes the lubricating grease composition.
Erfindungsgemäß besonders geeignete Antioxidantien sind die folgenden Verbindungen: styrolisierte Diphenylamine, diaromatische Amine, Phenolharze, Thiophenolharze, Phosphite, butyliertes Hydroxytoluol, butyliertes Hydroxyanisol, Phenyl-alpha-naphthylamin, Phenyl-beta-naphthylamin, octyliertes/butyliertes Diphenylamin, di-alpha-Tocopherol, di-tert-butyl-Phenyl, Benzolpropansaure, schwefelhaltige Phenolverbindungen und Mischungen dieser Komponenten.Antioxidants which are particularly suitable according to the invention are the following compounds: styrenated diphenylamines, diaromatic amines, phenolic resins, thiophenol resins, phosphites, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated/butylated diphenylamine, di-alpha-tocopherol, di-tert-butyl-phenyl, benzenepropanoic acid, sulfur-containing phenolic compounds and mixtures of these components.
Weiterhin kann die Schmierfettzusammensetzung weitere Additive, insbesondere Korrosionsschutzadditive, Metalldesaktivatoren oder lonen-Komplexbildner enthalten. Hierzu zählen Triazole, Imidazoline, N-Methylglycin (Sarcosin), Benzotriazolderivate, N,N-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ar-methyl-1 H-benzotriazol-1-methanamin; n-Methyl-N(1 -oxo-9-octadecenyl)glycin, Gemische aus Phosphorsäure und Mono-und Diisooctylester umgesetzt mit (C11-14)-Alkylaminen, Gemische aus Phosphorsäure und Mono-und Diisooctylester umgesetzt mit tert-Alkylamin und primären (C12-14)-Aminen, Dodekansäure, Triphenylphosphorthionat und Aminphosphate. Kommerziell erhältliche Additive sind die folgenden: IRGAMET® 39, IRGACOR® DSS G, Amin O; SARKOSYL® O (Ciba), COBRATEC® 122, CUVAN® 303, VANLUBE®9123, CI-426, CI-426EP, CI-429 und CI-498.The lubricating grease composition can also contain other additives, in particular corrosion protection additives, metal deactivators or ion complexing agents. These include triazoles, imidazolines, N-methylglycine (sarcosine), benzotriazole derivatives, N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ar-methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methanamine; n-methyl-N(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)glycine, mixtures of phosphoric acid and mono- and diisooctyl esters reacted with (C 11-14 )-alkylamines, mixtures of phosphoric acid and mono- and diisooctyl esters reacted with tert-alkylamine and primary (C 12-14 )-amines, dodecanoic acid, triphenyl phosphorothionate and amine phosphates. Commercially available additives are the following: IRGAMET ® 39, IRGACOR ® DSS G, Amin O; SARKOSYL ® O (Ciba), COBRATEC ® 122, CUVAN ® 303, VANLUBE ® 9123, CI-426, CI-426EP, CI-429 and CI-498.
Weitere denkbare Verschleißschutzadditive sind Amine, Aminphosphate, Phosphate, Thiophosphate, Phosphorthionate und Mischungen dieser Komponenten. Zu den kommerziell erhältlichen Verschleißschutzadditiven gehören IRGALUBE®TPPT, IRGALUBE® 232, IRGALUBE® 349, IRGALUBE®211 und ADDITIN® RC3760 Liq 3960, FIRC-SHUN® FG 1505 und FG 1506, NA-LUBE® KR-015FG, LUBEBOND®, FLUORO®FG, SYNALOX® 40-D, ACHESON® FGA 1820 und ACHESON®FGA 1810.Other conceivable wear protection additives are amines, amine phosphates, phosphates, thiophosphates, phosphothionates and mixtures of these Components. Commercially available anti-wear additives include IRGALUBE ® TPPT, IRGALUBE ® 232, IRGALUBE ® 349, IRGALUBE ® 211 and ADDITIN ® RC3760 Liq 3960, FIRC-SHUN ® FG 1505 and FG 1506, NA-LUBE ® KR-015FG, LUBEBOND ® , FLUORO ® FG, SYNALOX ® 40-D, ACHESON ® FGA 1820 and ACHESON ® FGA 1810.
Vorzugsweise beträgt der Anteil der weiteren Additive von 1 Gew.% bis 30 Gew.%, noch bevorzugter von 1,5 Gew.% bis 25 Gew.%, und insbesondere von 2 Gew.% bis 20 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierfettzusammensetzung.Preferably, the proportion of further additives is from 1 wt.% to 30 wt.%, more preferably from 1.5 wt.% to 25 wt.%, and in particular from 2 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
Des Weiteren kann die Schmierfettzusammensetzung Festschmierstoffe wie PTFE, Bornitrid, Polymerpulver wie z.B. PTFE, Polyamide oder Polyimide, Pyrophosphat, Metalloxide wie z.B. Zinkoxid oder Magnesiumoxid, Metallsulfide wie z.B. Zinksulfid, Molydänsulfid, Wolframsulfid oder Zinnsulfid, Pyrophosphate, Thiosulfate, Magnesiumcarbonat, Calciumcarbonat, Calciumstearat, Kohlenstoffmodifikationen wie z.B. Ruß, Graphit, Graphen, Nano-Tubes, Fullerene, SiO2-Modifikationen, Melanincyanurat, oder eine Mischung daraus enthalten.Furthermore, the lubricating grease composition can contain solid lubricants such as PTFE, boron nitride, polymer powders such as PTFE, polyamides or polyimides, pyrophosphate, metal oxides such as zinc oxide or magnesium oxide, metal sulfides such as zinc sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, tungsten sulfide or tin sulfide, pyrophosphates, thiosulfates, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium stearate, carbon modifications such as soot, graphite, graphene, nanotubes, fullerenes, SiO2 modifications, melanin cyanurate, or a mixture thereof.
Vorzugsweise beträgt der Anteil der Festschmierstoffe von 1 Gew.% bis 30 Gew.% noch bevorzugter von 1,5 Gew.% bis 25 Gew.%, und insbesondere von 2 Gew.% bis 20 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierfettzusammensetzung.Preferably, the proportion of solid lubricants is from 1 wt.% to 30 wt.%, more preferably from 1.5 wt.% to 25 wt.%, and in particular from 2 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease composition.
Weiter bevorzugt besitzt die Schmierfettzusammensetzung eine Walkpenetration, bestimmt nach DIN ISO 2137:2016-12, von 265 bis 385 0,1 mm. Dies entspricht nach der Skala des National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) einer Konsistenz-Klasse Nr. 0 - 2 gemäß DIN 51818:1981-12.More preferably, the lubricating grease composition has a worked penetration, determined according to DIN ISO 2137:2016-12, of 265 to 385 µm. According to the scale of the National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI), this corresponds to a consistency class no. 0 - 2 according to DIN 51818:1981-12.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Schmierfettzusammensetzung folgende Zusammensetzung auf:
- 55 bis 96 Gew.% Grundöl,
- 1 bis 11 Gew.% Polyharnstoffverdicker,
- 1 bis 11 Gew.% Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis,
- 1 bis 30 Gew.% Additive,
- 1 bis 30 Gew.% Festschmierstoffe.
- 55 to 96 wt.% base oil,
- 1 to 11 wt.% polyurea thickener,
- 1 to 11 wt.% aluminium-based complex soap,
- 1 to 30 wt.% additives,
- 1 to 30 wt.% solid lubricants.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand verschiedener Beispiele näher erläutert.In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using various examples.
Es wird ein Standardherstellverfahren für Schmierfette benutzt. Verwendung finden beheizte Reaktoren, die auch als Autoklav oder Vakuumreaktor ausgelegt sein können. Im Bedarfsfall kann das erhaltene Fett homogenisiert, filtriert und/oder entlüftet werden.A standard manufacturing process for lubricating greases is used. Heated reactors are used, which can also be designed as autoclaves or vacuum reactors. If necessary, the grease obtained can be homogenized, filtered and/or deaerated.
Schmierfettzusammensetzung durch separate Herstellung einer Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis- (Basisfett A) und eines Polyharnstoffverdickers (Basisfett B-H) mit anschließender Vermischung und Additivierung.Lubricating grease composition by separate production of an aluminium-based complex soap (base grease A) and a polyurea thickener (base grease B-H) with subsequent mixing and additives.
In einem beheizbaren Reaktionsbehälter, ausgestattet mit einem für die Herstellung von Schmierfetten geeigneten Rührwerk, wird das Grundöl bzw. ein Teil des Grundöles oder Ölgemisches vorgelegt. Darin erfolgt die Herstellung der Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis durch Reaktion von Polyoxyaluminium-Stearat mit Benzoesäure und Stearinsäure. Anschließend wird das Reaktionsgemisch erhitzt, wobei Spitzentemperaturen bis 210°C auftreten können, um das Wasser auszutreiben und den Verdicker aufzuschmelzen. Die anschließende Abkühlphase bestimmt die Morphologie des Verdickers. Hierbei kann restliches Grundöl zum gezielten Einstellen der Konsistenz verwendet werden.The base oil or part of the base oil or oil mixture is placed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer suitable for the production of lubricating greases. The aluminum-based complex soap is produced in this vessel by reacting polyoxyaluminum stearate with benzoic acid and stearic acid. The reaction mixture is then heated, with peak temperatures of up to 210°C occurring, in order to drive out the water and melt the thickener. The subsequent cooling phase determines the morphology of the thickener. Remaining base oil can be used to specifically adjust the consistency.
In einem beheizbaren Reaktionsbehälter, ausgestattet mit einem für die Herstellung von Schmierfetten geeigneten Rührwerk wird das Grundöl bzw. ein Teil des Grundöles oder Ölgemisches vorgelegt. Anschließend wird die Isocyanatkomponente oder die Isocyanatkomponenten zugegeben und unter Rühren auf 60°C erwärmt. In einem separaten Reaktionsbehälter wird ein Teil des Grundöles mit der Aminkomponente oder den Aminkomponenten bei 60°C vermischt bis die Lösung homogen ist. Die Aminlösung wird unter Rühren der Isocyanatlösung hinzugegeben und auf bis zu 200°C erhitzt. Die anschließende Abkühlphase bestimmt die Morphologie des Verdickers. Hierbei kann restliches Grundöl zum gezielten Einstellen der Konsistenz verwendet werden.The base oil or part of the base oil or oil mixture is placed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with an agitator suitable for the production of lubricating greases. The isocyanate component or components are then added and heated to 60°C while stirring. In a separate reaction vessel, part of the base oil is mixed with the amine component or components at 60°C until the solution is homogeneous. The amine solution is added to the isocyanate solution while stirring and heated to up to 200°C. The subsequent cooling phase determines the morphology of the thickener. Remaining base oil can be used to specifically adjust the consistency.
Basisfett A und Polyharnstofffett (Basisfett B-H) werden in einem beheizbaren Reaktionsbehälter, ausgestattet mit einem für die Herstellung von Schmierfetten geeigneten Rührwerk vermischt. Es erfolgt unter Rühren ab 120°C die Zugabe der Additive. Ist die gewünschte Konsistenz erreicht, wird das Produkt homogenisiert, ggf. gefiltert und entlüftet.Base grease A and polyurea grease (base grease B-H) are mixed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer suitable for the production of lubricating greases. The additives are added while stirring at 120°C. Once the desired consistency has been achieved, the product is homogenized, filtered if necessary and deaerated.
Herstellverfahren B: Bildung des Schmierfettzusammensetzung durch sequentielle Herstellung einer Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis und eines Polyharnstoffverdickers im Grundöl mit anschließender Zugabe der Additive. In einem beheizbaren Reaktionsbehälter, ausgestattet mit einem für die Herstellung von Schmierfetten geeigneten Rührwerk wird das Grundöl bzw. ein Teil des Grundöles oder Ölgemisches vorgelegt. Darin erfolgt die Herstellung der Komplexseife auf Aluminiumbasis durch Reaktion von Polyoxyaluminium-Stearat mit Benzoesäure und Stearinsäure. Anschließend wird das Reaktionsgemisch erhitzt, wobei Spitzentemperaturen bis 210°C auftreten können, um das Wasser auszutreiben und den Verdicker aufzuschmelzen. Anschließend wird der Sud auf 60°C abgekühlt und die Isocyanatkomponente oder die Isocyanatkomponenten zugegeben und unter Rühren aufgeschmolzen. In einem separaten Reaktionsbehälter wird ein Teil des Grundöles mit der Aminkomponente oder den Aminkomponenten bei 60°C vermischt bis die Lösung homogen ist. Die Aminlösung wird unter Rühren der Isocyanatlösung hinzugegeben und auf bis zu 200°C erhitzt. Die anschließende Abkühlphase bestimmt die Morphologie des Verdickers. Hierbei kann restliches Grundöl zum gezielten Einstellen der Konsistenz verwendet werden. Es erfolgt unter Rühren ab 120°C die Zugabe der Additive. Ist die gewünschte Konsistenz erreicht, wird das Produkt homogenisiert, ggf. gefiltert und entlüftet. Manufacturing process B: Formation of the lubricating grease composition by sequential production of an aluminum-based complex soap and a polyurea thickener in the base oil with subsequent addition of the additives. The base oil or part of the base oil or oil mixture is placed in a heatable reaction vessel equipped with an agitator suitable for the production of lubricating greases. The aluminum-based complex soap is produced therein by reacting polyoxyaluminum stearate with benzoic acid and stearic acid. The The reaction mixture is heated, with peak temperatures of up to 210°C occurring, in order to drive out the water and melt the thickener. The brew is then cooled to 60°C and the isocyanate component or components are added and melted while stirring. In a separate reaction vessel, part of the base oil is mixed with the amine component or components at 60°C until the solution is homogeneous. The amine solution is added to the isocyanate solution while stirring and heated to up to 200°C. The subsequent cooling phase determines the morphology of the thickener. Remaining base oil can be used to specifically adjust the consistency. The additives are added while stirring from 120°C. Once the desired consistency has been achieved, the product is homogenized, filtered if necessary and deaerated.
Nach dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren werden die in Tabelle 1 und Tabelle 2 gezeigten Schmierfettzusammensetzungen (Basisfette A 1-2 / Basisfette B-H/ Hybrid 1-15) hergestellt.According to the procedure described above, the lubricating grease compositions shown in Table 1 and Table 2 (base greases A 1-2 / base greases B-H / hybrid 1-15) are produced.
Ein Vergleich der Herstellmethode A und B ist in Tabelle 3 dargestellt. Der geringe Unterschied in den Penetrationswerten zeigt, dass beide Herstellverfahren geeignet sind, um ein entsprechendes Hybridfett herzustellen.A comparison of manufacturing methods A and B is shown in Table 3. The small difference in the penetration values shows that both manufacturing processes are suitable for producing a corresponding hybrid grease.
Die Bestimmung der Penetration erfolgt gemäß DIN ISO 2137:2016-12. Gemessen wird die Walkpenetration nach 60 Doppeltakten.The penetration is determined according to DIN ISO 2137:2016-12. The worked penetration is measured after 60 double cycles.
Die Bestimmung der Ölabscheidung erfolgt gemäß ASTM D 6184-17 mit den nachfolgend beschriebenen Abweichungen. Für Tabelle 4 beträgt die Einlagerungszeit abweichend 72 h, wobei nach jeweils 24 h i) die separierte Ölmenge bestimmt und ii) die Temperatur um 10°C erhöht wird. Für Tabelle 5 beträgt die Einlagerungszeit 30 h. Hier erfolgt jeweils eine separate Messung bei 130 und 150°C.
Aus den Ergebnissen können folgende Schlüsse gezogen werden:
Tabelle 2 zeigt, dass die Herstellung der Hybridfette mit einer Vielzahl von Kombinationen zwischen einem Verdickungsmittel umfassend eine Komplexseife auf Aluminium und einem Polyharnstoffverdicker erfolgen kann. Tabelle 3 zeigt, dass beide benannte Herstellverfahren geeignet sind, um vergleichbare Fette zu formulieren. Dabei kann sowohl der Gehalt des Verdickungsmittels basierend auf einer Aluminiumkomplexseife als auch der Gehalt an Polyharnstoffverdicker untereinander als auch insgesamt variiert werden.The following conclusions can be drawn from the results:
Table 2 shows that the hybrid greases can be produced using a variety of combinations of a thickener comprising a complex soap based on aluminum and a polyurea thickener. Table 3 shows that both of the production processes mentioned are suitable for formulating comparable greases. The content of the thickener based on an aluminum complex soap as well as the content of polyurea thickener can be varied among each other and overall.
Tabelle 4 und Tabelle 5 zeigen anhand des Vergleiches der Ölabscheidungen, dass Hybridfette basierend auf einer Kombination eines Verdickungsmittels umfassend eine Komplexseife auf Aluminium und einem Polyharnstoffverdicker bei höheren Gebrauchstemperaturen den klassischen Aluminiumkomplexseifen überlegen sind.Table 4 and Table 5 show, by comparing the oil separations, that hybrid greases based on a combination of a thickener comprising a complex soap on aluminum and a polyurea thickener are superior to the classic aluminum complex soaps at higher service temperatures.
Claims (13)
- Use of a lubricant grease composition comprising- a base oil,- a thickener comprising an aluminium-based complex soap and a polyurea thickener, where the proportion of the polyurea thickener in the lubricant grease composition according to the invention is 1% by weight to 11% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition, and the proportion of the aluminium-based complex soap in the lubricant grease composition is from 1% by weight to 11% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition,for lubrication of the surfaces of components in applications in which an upper use temperature of the lubricant grease composition of at least 90°C, for example 90°C to 180°C, preferably at least 100°C, for example 100°C to 180°C, more preferably 110°C to 180°C and/or 110°C to 170°C is necessary, characterized in that surfaces of plastic-containing friction partners or of a combination of metallic and plastic-containing friction partners are lubricated.
- Use of a lubricant grease composition comprising- a base oil,- a thickener comprising an aluminium-based complex soap and a polyurea thickener, where the proportion of the polyurea thickener in the lubricant grease composition according to the invention is 1% by weight to 11% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition, and the proportion of the aluminium-based complex soap in the lubricant grease composition is from 1% by weight to 11% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition,for lubrication of the surfaces of components at temperatures that are at least intermittently at least 90°C, for example 90°C to 180°C, and/or at least 100°C, for example 100°C to 180°C, and/or 110°C to 180°C and/or 110°C to 170°C, where the temperature is maintained for a period of at least 10 minutes, characterized in that surfaces of plastic-containing friction partners or of a combination of metallic and plastic-containing friction partners are lubricated.
- Use according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lubricant grease composition has a use temperature range of -60°C to +180°C and/or of -50°C to +160°C, and/or of -40°C to +150°C and/or of -40°C to +140°C and/or of -40°C to +120°C.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of the polyurea thickener in the lubricant grease composition according to the invention is from 2% by weight to 10% by weight and especially from 3% by weight to 9% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurea thickener is a reaction product of a diisocyanate selected from 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanato-phenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which may be used individually or in combination, with an amine of the general formula R'2-N-R or a diamine of the general formula R'2-N-R-NR'2, where R is an aryl, alkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, and R' is identical or different and is a hydrogen or an alkyl, alkylene or aryl radical, or with mixtures of amines and diamines.
- Use according to one or more of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the temperature is maintained for a period of at least 20 minutes, more preferably at least 40 minutes and especially at least 60 minutes.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that surfaces in actuators, especially in the automotive sector, are lubricated.
- Use according to Claim 8, characterized in that R is derived from fatty acids selected from the group consisting of lauric acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid and mixtures thereof.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of the aluminium-based complex soap in the lubricant grease composition is from 2% by weight to 10% by weight and especially from 3% by weight to 9% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of aluminium-based complex soap and polyurea thickener together is from 2% by weight to 22% by weight, more preferably from 4% by weight to 20% by weight and especially from 6% by weight to 18% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the lubricant grease composition.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base oils are polyalphaolefins, especially metallocene polyalphaolefins, and naphthene-based mineral oils classified in API Group I.
- Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lubricant grease composition has the following composition:- 55% to 96% by weight of base oil,- 1% to 11% by weight of polyurea thickener,- 1% to 11% by weight of aluminium-based complex soap,- 1% to 30% by weight of additives,- 1% to 30% by weight of solid lubricants.
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| PCT/EP2020/080748 WO2021115685A1 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-11-03 | Use of a lubricating grease composition having a high upper use temperature |
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| US (2) | US20230035205A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4073213B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2022553512A (en) |
| KR (2) | KR20220053619A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114761523A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102019134330A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2998551T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUE069354T2 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2022007096A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021115685A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024027910A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-03-01 | Eneos株式会社 | Grease composition and method for producing grease composition |
| CN115926876B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-05-03 | 太原理工大学 | Composite aluminum-based grease using layered magnesium borophosphate as solid lubricating additive and preparation method thereof |
| WO2025090554A1 (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2025-05-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Shear stable aluminum complex grease |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3243372A (en) * | 1961-01-24 | 1966-03-29 | Chevron Res | Greases thickened with polyurea |
| US3514400A (en) * | 1967-07-24 | 1970-05-26 | Chevron Res | Complex aluminum greases of enhanced stability |
| US3865736A (en) * | 1972-08-18 | 1975-02-11 | Chevron Res | Radioactive grease containing krypton 85 |
| US5096605A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1992-03-17 | Amoco Corporation | Aluminum soap thickened steel mill grease |
| JP4634585B2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2011-02-16 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | Grease composition with improved rust and wear resistance |
| JP2006169386A (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2006-06-29 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Lubricating grease composition and bearing using the same |
| JP4809626B2 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2011-11-09 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | Urea-based lubricating grease composition |
| JP5086528B2 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2012-11-28 | Ntn株式会社 | Hub bearing grease and hub bearing |
| JP5258170B2 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2013-08-07 | 東レ・ダウコーニング株式会社 | Lubricating grease composition |
| JP5109331B2 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2012-12-26 | Nokクリューバー株式会社 | Grease composition |
| KR100721600B1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2007-05-23 | 주식회사 한국하우톤 | Biodegradable Grease Composition Using Distillation Residues Generated in Biodiesel Production |
| CN101235338B (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2011-05-11 | 益田润石(北京)化工有限公司 | Open-type gear grease composition |
| JP5411457B2 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2014-02-12 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | Lubricant composition |
| FR2968670B1 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-01-04 | Total Raffinage Marketing | FAT COMPOSITION |
| CN107674736A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-02-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of lubricant composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN108841430A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of compound urea aluminium-base grease composition and preparation method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-13 DE DE102019134330.5A patent/DE102019134330A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-11-03 KR KR1020227009686A patent/KR20220053619A/en not_active Ceased
- 2020-11-03 MX MX2022007096A patent/MX2022007096A/en unknown
- 2020-11-03 JP JP2022521182A patent/JP2022553512A/en active Pending
- 2020-11-03 WO PCT/EP2020/080748 patent/WO2021115685A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2020-11-03 ES ES20800639T patent/ES2998551T3/en active Active
- 2020-11-03 KR KR1020257037336A patent/KR20250164861A/en active Pending
- 2020-11-03 US US17/783,655 patent/US20230035205A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-11-03 HU HUE20800639A patent/HUE069354T2/en unknown
- 2020-11-03 CN CN202080084177.8A patent/CN114761523A/en active Pending
- 2020-11-03 EP EP20800639.5A patent/EP4073213B1/en active Active
-
2023
- 2023-07-26 US US18/358,987 patent/US12187975B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021115685A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
| HUE069354T2 (en) | 2025-03-28 |
| ES2998551T3 (en) | 2025-02-20 |
| KR20250164861A (en) | 2025-11-25 |
| US20230365884A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
| JP2022553512A (en) | 2022-12-23 |
| DE102019134330A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
| KR20220053619A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
| CN114761523A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
| MX2022007096A (en) | 2022-07-11 |
| US12187975B2 (en) | 2025-01-07 |
| EP4073213A1 (en) | 2022-10-19 |
| US20230035205A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
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