EP4073256A1 - Production of recombinant proteins using fah as the selection marker - Google Patents
Production of recombinant proteins using fah as the selection markerInfo
- Publication number
- EP4073256A1 EP4073256A1 EP20838382.8A EP20838382A EP4073256A1 EP 4073256 A1 EP4073256 A1 EP 4073256A1 EP 20838382 A EP20838382 A EP 20838382A EP 4073256 A1 EP4073256 A1 EP 4073256A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fah
- gene construct
- gene
- production
- protein
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/067—Hepatocytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/52—Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
- C12N15/8509—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells for producing genetically modified animals, e.g. transgenic
- C12N2015/8518—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells for producing genetically modified animals, e.g. transgenic expressing industrially exogenous proteins, e.g. for pharmaceutical use, human insulin, blood factors, immunoglobulins, pseudoparticles
Definitions
- Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolyase (FAH) deficiency is a rare condition called tyrosinemia type 1.
- the deficiency leads to the fact that the tyrosine metabolites fumarylacetoacetate and maleyl acetoacetate are no longer broken down and thus accumulate and are then converted into the toxic substances succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone. Toxic concentrations are reached quickly, especially in the hepatocytes.
- NTBC nitisinone (2- (2-nitro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzoyl) -1, 3-cyclohexanedione
- NTBC nitisinone
- Tyrosinemia is a disease in which cell or gene therapy could provide a cure. Therefore, transgenic FAH-deficient animal models were developed to test such treatment methods. These studies have shown that it is possible, by introducing healthy liver cells into the liver of the FAH-knock-out (FAH-ko) animals, to cause the FAH-deficient hepatocytes to die and through the healthy cells be completely replaced. It was also possible, instead of normal, healthy liver cells, to use those that were successfully transferred with the FAH gene. The NTBC treatment was then discontinued and the FAH-deficient hepatocytes died and were completely replaced by the treated cells.
- FAH-ko FAH-knock-out
- a further field of application has developed from this.
- This is a humanized animal model.
- an animal which has an immunodeficiency in addition to an FAH deficiency it is also possible to implant human hepatocytes and thus to generate an animal model with human liver metabolism. This is a valuable model for some pharmacological testing.
- this model is also used for the primary cell culture of human hepatocytes.
- the hepatocytes from the liver of the FAH-k.o. treated with human hepatocytes are then removed. Taken from animal.
- Antibodies have been obtained from animals for over a hundred years. There are therefore numerous technologies and protocols for the extraction and purification of antibodies from animals. The production of recombinant antibodies in animals is particularly promising because they only lead to toxic effects in the case of reactivity with a protein in the production host. This can be examined in advance and excluded.
- the prior art also includes EP256082 B, in which a method for expanding human hepatocytes in vivo is described.
- human hepatocytes are transplanted into FAH-deficient pigs and their expansion is regulated by controlling the administration of NTBC.
- the animals are used to select agents for the treatment of human liver diseases.
- the use as a production host for recombinant proteins is not envisaged.
- the invention relates to a gene construct comprising at least two nucleic acid sequences, one of the nucleic acid sequences coding for FAH and a second nucleic acid sequence coding for a protein to be produced.
- the special feature of the invention is that the gene constructs for recombinant production of proteins use the FAH gene as a selection marker in addition to the gene of the protein to be produced.
- amino acid sequence for FAH (SEQ ID NO 1) is preferably as follows:
- the gene construct of the invention therefore preferably comprises a nucleic acid sequence which codes for SEQ ID NO 1. It is also preferred that the gene construct comprises a nucleic acid sequence which codes for an amino acid sequence which is homologous or functionally analogous to SEQ ID NO 1. Preference is given to at least 80% homology, particularly preferably at least 90% homology, very particularly preferably 95% homology.
- the nucleic acid sequence coding for SEQ ID N01 can also be present in a codon-optimized manner, depending on the selected production host. The person skilled in the art is able to carry out this codon optimization independently without becoming inventive.
- a gene for the recombinant protein to be produced is contained in the gene construct.
- Different promoters can be used.
- the FAH nucleic acid sequence can be provided with the ubiquitous CMV promoter and the nucleic acid sequence for the recombinant protein with an albumin promoter.
- the person skilled in the art is able to select a suitable promoter without becoming inventive.
- the protein to be produced, for which the second nucleic acid sequence codes is preferably a human protein, in particular a human antibody.
- a human protein in particular a human antibody.
- these proteins or antibodies can either be found in humans or used in humans.
- non-human proteins and antibodies can also be of particular interest for certain applications, so that the invention is not restricted thereto.
- a “protein to be produced” is a protein specifically selected or desired by the user or experimenter.
- a protein to be produced can be a naturally occurring or an artificial protein, for example a fusion protein.
- non-limiting examples of such proteins to be produced can be: antibodies, preferably human antibodies, for passive immunization, such as IgG which binds to the RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and neutralizes the virus, or IgG which binds to the Fragment C of the tetanus toxin binds and thus prevents the cell entry of the toxin.
- the protein to be produced can also be antibodies for clinical diagnostics, which have to be obtained on a large scale, such as rabbit antibodies against human immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE), or goat antibodies against alpha antitrypsin and further antibodies from different species against, for example, transferrin, ferritin, C-reactive Protein, albumin, various complement factors (C3, C4 C1 inhibitor, etc.).
- a protein to be produced can also be one of therapeutic, vaccine, agricultural, or veterinary interest.
- Proteins of therapeutic interest can include, in particular, enzymes, blood derivatives, hormones, lymphokines (interleukins, interferons, TNF, etc.), growth factors, neurotransmitters or their precursors or synthetic enzymes, trophic factors (BDNF, CNTF, NGF, IGF, GMF, aFGF, bFGF, NT3, NT5 etc.), apolipoproteins (ApoAl, ApoAIV, ApoE etc.), dystrophin or a minidystrophin, tumor suppressor genes (p53, Rb, Rap1A, DCC, k-rev, etc.), coagulation factors VII, VIII, IX, etc., or also all or part of a natural or artificial immunoglobulin (Fab, ScFv, etc.).
- trophic factors BDNF, CNTF, NGF, IGF, GMF, aFGF, bFGF, NT3, NT5 etc.
- apolipoproteins Apo
- the protein to be produced can also be an antigen or immunogen capable of eliciting an immune response in humans or animals, for the production of vaccines.
- they can be antigen peptides which are specific for bacteria, viruses or tumors.
- the therapeutic protein to be produced has no or at least no harmful effect in the production host. The prerequisite for this is the lowest possible homology of the protein to be produced to the host proteins.
- This gene construct is preferably used to be introduced into the hepatocytes of FAH-deficient animals (production host) via gene transfer, e.g. transfection or transduction. This then causes the cells in the liver that received the gene construct to produce the recombinant protein and, when a secretory signal is used, secrete it into the blood. In addition, the cells produce FAH, which can then be used as a selection marker. Cells that produce no or no functioning FAH accumulate the toxic substances succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone and die. This can only be prevented with balancing substances (e.g. NTBC), which ensure that succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone are not accumulated.
- balancing substances e.g. NTBC
- FAH can be used to select which cells have undergone a gene transfer.
- Gene transfer refers to the transfer or passing on of one or more genes or genetic material within the gene construct to a eukaryotic cell.
- the one or more genes are only passed on to a specific cell population (target cell population) or to a tissue, here preferably liver tissue.
- the selective gene transfer can be promoted by introducing a targeting domain, for example on the virus surface.
- the nucleic acid sequence coding for the protein to be produced additionally comprises a signal sequence for secretion.
- the recombinant protein can be secreted into the blood by a secretory signal. The choice of secretory signal depends on the recombinant protein chosen.
- the gene construct preferably comprises the respective nucleic acid sequences that code for these amino acid sequences:
- Sequences which are homologous or functionally analogous to the sequences mentioned are also suitable. Preference is given to at least 80% homology, particularly preferably at least 90% homology, very particularly preferably 95% homology. It is accordingly preferred that the gene construct comprises a nucleic acid sequence which codes for such a homologous signal sequence.
- the gene which codes for the protein to be produced with a secretory signal and the gene which codes for FAH are preferably cloned or inserted into a common vector. Liver cells of the FAH deficient animal are then transfected and / or transduced with this vector.
- the invention relates to a vector comprising a gene construct according to the invention. It is preferred that the vector is a viral vector, particularly preferably a lentiviral vector.
- vector and “viral vector”, as used herein, thus preferably relate to virus particles.
- the invention relates to a plasmid comprising a gene construct according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a liver cell into which the gene construct according to the invention has been introduced.
- the liver cell was preferably deficient in FAH before the gene transfer, so that it either lacked the FAH gene or it was mutated and ultimately no FAH could be produced.
- the invention relates to a transgenic non-human mammal which has received the gene construct according to the invention through a gene transfer and which was an FAH (- / -) animal before the gene transfer.
- production hosts all non-human mammals are conceivable as production hosts.
- the animal is preferably a pig.
- pigs are used as the production host, an advantage arises from the affinity of porcine IgG for protein G and a lack of affinity for protein A, while most immunoglobulin G groups from other species have an affinity for protein A or for proteins A and G.
- the recombinant antibodies can be purified separately from the porcine IgG by protein A binding.
- double transgenic production hosts which do not form immunoglobulins can also be used.
- the animal is a sheep. Sheep are particularly well suited for the production of serum, since plasmapheresis is easier and therefore less stressful for the animals due to the easily accessible vessels.
- non-human mammals for example mouse, rat, rabbit, rabbit, cattle, horse, camel or others.
- the use of larger animals has the advantage that the amount of antibodies to be produced is larger. It is preferred that the animal has an immunodeficiency. This has the advantage that an immune reaction against the protein to be produced is less likely.
- the invention relates to a method for the production of recombinant proteins, preferably antibodies, comprising the following steps: a) provision of a non-human FAH (- / -) mammal as a production host, which is kept under administration of NTBC, b) provision of one according to the invention Gene construct, plasmid, vector and / or a liver cell, c) gene transfer, wherein the nucleic acid of the gene construct, plasmid, vector and / or liver cell from step b is introduced into hepatocytes of the production host, d) reduction or discontinuation of NTBC administration for expansion the FAH positive liver cells, e) Isolation of the recombinant proteins.
- NTBC another substance that interferes with the breakdown of tyrosine can also be used.
- shRNAs such as CEHPOBA or other substances that prevent the accumulation of succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone are possible.
- NTBC is mentioned in connection with the invention, such an alternative substance can also be used.
- the gene transfer is preferably a transfection or transduction.
- the gene transfer it is preferably possible here for the gene transfer to take place by in vivo transfection of the hepatocytes.
- in vivo transfection of the hepatocytes There are various methods known to the person skilled in the art which are suitable for the invention.
- hydrodynamic transfection can be used, in which the blood in the liver is displaced by infusion technology and the infusion solution with the vectors is perfused through the liver under increased pressure.
- specific lipid nanoparticles in which the vectors are packaged and which are thus taken up directly by the hepatocytes.
- a rather unspecific transfection can also be carried out with systemically or intravenously administered viral vectors, preferably lentiviruses, since it is not disadvantageous if other cell types are also transfected. Due to the selection in the hepatocytes, the majority of the transgenic expression will ultimately take place in the liver in any process.
- the vectors can also be injected directly into the liver tissue in introduced into the liver. This can also be done percutaneously. In the case of direct injection into the liver tissue, the transfection efficiency can be increased by in vivo electroporation.
- liver gene transfer be performed on newborn production hosts. This has the advantage, especially with larger animals, that the use of NTBC can be reduced and thus considerable cost savings can be achieved. In all species, however, it is advantageous that this makes it more likely that the production host will develop an immunological tolerance to the recombinant protein to be produced.
- NTBC discontinuation not occur immediately after gene transfer.
- NTBC administration is discontinued or reduced depends on both the animal and the gene transfer method. Weaning can take place, for example, one day after the gene transfer or several days later. Sufficient time must have passed for the nucleic acids of the gene construct to integrate into the genome of the liver cells so that FAH can actually be used as a selection marker.
- NBTC blocks the enzyme hydroxyphenylpöyruvate dioxygenase upstream of FAH and thus prevents the accumulation of hepatotoxic metabolites.
- the non-transfected cells die when NTBC is withdrawn, while all transfected cells survive due to the co-expression of FAH and colonize the liver tissue.
- the liver only has hepatocytes, which also produce the recombinant protein. Depending on the species, this process takes different lengths of time, but is usually completed after a few weeks.
- the method uses animals in which the gene for fumarylacetoacetate hydrolyase (FAH) is missing or defective.
- FH fumarylacetoacetate hydrolyase
- the proteins are taken from the blood. Proteins, in particular antibodies, can thus be produced in a very simple and stress-free manner for the animal and then isolated.
- An advantage of the production of recombinant proteins, in particular recombinant antibodies, in this system is the extensive experience in obtaining proteins and antibodies from the blood. In this case, plasmapheresis can be used in order to obtain as many and long recombinant proteins as possible from each production host.
- the purification protocols and the systems for immunoglobulin precipitation be used. Purification and further processing on an industrial scale are thus easily possible without creating a high cost aspect.
- the recombinant proteins are preferably obtained by plasmapheresis. This method is particularly suitable for antibodies, as these are plasma proteins and are therefore in their natural matrix in the plasma.
- the non-human FAH (- / -) mammal has an immunodeficiency.
- immunosuppressive treatment such as cyclosporine can be used.
- this is only preferable in certain cases, as this method leads to significantly higher keeping costs and also to a higher burden on the animal.
- proteins in particular antibodies
- proteins can be produced at significantly lower costs and, above all, quickly in large quantities than was previously possible.
- Such quantities are not possible in cell culture, so that the invention is primarily used for the production of therapeutic antibodies, e.g. in the event of a pandemic - i.e. when particularly large quantities are required quickly.
- the invention relates to the use of FAH (- / -) non-human mammals for the production of recombinant proteins, in particular antibodies.
- the FAH (- / -) non-human mammals are immunodeficient at the same time.
- a gene construct according to the invention is introduced into the FAH (- / -) non-human mammal.
- the use of the animals according to the invention, in combination with the gene construct, is very suitable for the rapid and economical production of medium-sized to very large amounts of recombinant proteins, in particular antibodies.
- the invention also relates to a kit comprising a gene construct according to the invention and / or a vector according to the invention and / or a plasmid according to the invention and auxiliaries for gene transfer, preferably for transfection and / or transduction.
- the advantageous embodiments of the invention have at least one or more of the advantages mentioned.
- a lentiviral vector For the planned production of a therapeutic antibody, which is directed against the nucleoprotein of influenza virus A, for example, a lentiviral vector is first produced.
- the plasmid pSMP-anti-NP-FAH (FIG. 1) is a lentiviral expression vector with two promoters EF-1a and PGK.
- the sequences of the heavy and light chain of the human NP-specific antibody are separated with the sequence for a P2A peptide and cloned under the control of an EF-1a promoter.
- the FAH sequence is cloned downstream of the PGK promoter.
- a third generation lentiviral packaging system (with VSV-G) is used together with the expression plasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH for the production of anti-NP-FAH lentiviral vectors.
- the expression cassettes of anti-NP and FAH are integrated into the genome of the transduced cells.
- the hepatocytes are selected through the expression of FAH.
- the anti-NP antibody can now be produced by the selected hepatocytes.
- the lentiviral vectors are transcutaneously injected into the large lobes of the liver under anesthesia in 3 to 4 week old FAH (- / -) mice (alternatively, the lentiviral vectors can also be injected intravenously).
- the administration of NTBC (4 mg / ml in the drinking water) is discontinued one day after the transfection, thus starting the selection process.
- the antibody can be isolated from the serum or liver tissue.
- the plasmid contains the following sequences:
- SEQ ID NO 8 codes for the following amino acid sequence:
- SEQ ID NO 10 codes for the following amino acid sequence:
- a gene segment of the SEQ ID NO 1 or a functionally analogous homologous sequence preferably 80% homology, particularly preferably 90% homology, very particularly preferably 95% homology.
- FIG. 1 shows the expression plasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH. It is a lentiviral expression vector with two promoters EF-1a and PGK. The sequences of the heavy and light chain of the human NP-specific antibody (nucleoprotein of influenza virus A) are separated with the sequence for a P2A peptide and cloned under the control of an EF-1a promoter. The FAH sequence is cloned downstream of the PGK promoter.
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Abstract
Description
Produktion rekombinanter Proteine mittels FAH als Selektionsmarker Production of recombinant proteins using FAH as a selection marker
HINTERGRUND ZUR ERFINDUNG BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Die Fumarylacetoacetathydrolyase(FAH)-Defizienz ist eine seltene Erkrankung namens Tyrosinämie Typ1. Die Defizienz führt dazu, dass die Tyrosin-Metaboliten Fumarylacetoacetat und Maleylacetoacetat nicht mehr abgebaut werden und sich somit anreichern und dann zu den toxischen Stoffen Succinylacetoacetat und Succinylaceton umgewandelt werden. Insbesondere in den Hepatozyten werden schnell toxische Konzentrationen erreicht. Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolyase (FAH) deficiency is a rare condition called tyrosinemia type 1. The deficiency leads to the fact that the tyrosine metabolites fumarylacetoacetate and maleyl acetoacetate are no longer broken down and thus accumulate and are then converted into the toxic substances succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone. Toxic concentrations are reached quickly, especially in the hepatocytes.
Durch Gabe von Nitisinon (2-(2-Nitro-4-trifluormethyl-benzoyl)-1 ,3-cyclohexandion) auch bekannt als NTBC wird das Enzym 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvatdioxigenase blockiert, was die Bildung von toxischen Substraten verhindert. The administration of nitisinone (2- (2-nitro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzoyl) -1, 3-cyclohexanedione) also known as NTBC blocks the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxigenase, which prevents the formation of toxic substrates.
Die Tyrosinämie ist eine Erkrankung, bei welcher eine Zell- oder Gentherapie eine Heilung ermöglichen könnte. Daher wurden transgene FAH-defiziente Tiermodelle entwickelt, um solche Behandlungsmethoden zu prüfen. Es hat sich bei diesen Studien gezeigt, dass es möglich ist, über das Einbringen von gesunde Leberzellen in die Leber der FAH-knock-out (FAH-k.o.) Tiere, zu erreichen, dass die FAH-defizienten Hepatozyten absterben und durch die gesunden Zellen vollständig ersetzt werden. Ebenso war es möglich statt normaler gesunder Leberzellen, solche zu verwenden, die erfolgreich mit dem FAH-Gen transferiert wurden. Im Anschluss wurde dann die NTBC Behandlung abgesetzt und die FAH-defizienten Hepatozyten starben ab und wurden durch die behandelten Zellen vollständig ersetzt. Tyrosinemia is a disease in which cell or gene therapy could provide a cure. Therefore, transgenic FAH-deficient animal models were developed to test such treatment methods. These studies have shown that it is possible, by introducing healthy liver cells into the liver of the FAH-knock-out (FAH-ko) animals, to cause the FAH-deficient hepatocytes to die and through the healthy cells be completely replaced. It was also possible, instead of normal, healthy liver cells, to use those that were successfully transferred with the FAH gene. The NTBC treatment was then discontinued and the FAH-deficient hepatocytes died and were completely replaced by the treated cells.
Hieraus hat sich ein weiteres Anwendungsfeld entwickelt. Dabei handelt es sich um ein humanisiertes Tiermodell. Bei einem Tier, welches neben einer FAH Defizienz auch eine Immundefizienz besitzt, ist es möglich diesem auch humane Hepatozyten zu implantieren und somit ein Tiermodell mit humanen Leberstoffwechsel zu generieren. Dies ist für einige pharmakologische Prüfungen ein wertvolles Modell. A further field of application has developed from this. This is a humanized animal model. In an animal which has an immunodeficiency in addition to an FAH deficiency, it is also possible to implant human hepatocytes and thus to generate an animal model with human liver metabolism. This is a valuable model for some pharmacological testing.
Da Hepatozyten relativ anspruchsvoll in der Zellkultur zu halten sind, wird dieses Modell auch für die Primärzellkultur von humanen Hepatozyten eingesetzt. Dabei werden dann die Hepatozyten aus der Leber der mit humanen Hepatozyten behandelten FAH-k.o. Tier entnommen. Since keeping hepatocytes in the cell culture is relatively difficult, this model is also used for the primary cell culture of human hepatocytes. The hepatocytes from the liver of the FAH-k.o. treated with human hepatocytes are then removed. Taken from animal.
Viele für Menschen und Tiere bedeutsamen Proteine können nur in Säugetierzellen rekombinant hergestellt werden, da nur diese in der Lage sind die Proteine richtig zu falten, oder deren Ketten zu verbinden, oder die entsprechende Glykosylierung zu ermöglichen. Da die Kultivierung von Säugetierzellen, verglichen mit Hefe und Bakterienkultur, relativ aufwendig ist, hat man schon seit Anfang der 90er Jahre daran gedacht, bestimmte Proteine im Tier herzustellen. Hierfür wurden zum Beispiel transgene Tiere hergestellt, welche dann das rekombinante Protein beispielsweise in die Milch sekretierten. Die Erstellung transgener Großtiere, wie Schafe, Ziegen oder Rinder ist jedoch kostspielig und benötigt viel Zeit und Aufwand. Daher lohnt sich diese Herstellung nur für einen sehr großen Bedarf, welchen man langfristig planen kann. Strategien mit einem somatischen Gentransfer für die Produktion von rekombinanten Proteinen in Tieren, haben bisher keine Wirtschaftlichkeit erreicht. Hier steht bisher der Aufwand nicht in einem wirtschaftlichen Verhältnis zu dem Proteinertrag. Many proteins that are important for humans and animals can only be produced recombinantly in mammalian cells, as only these are able to fold the proteins correctly, or to connect their chains, or to enable the corresponding glycosylation. Since the cultivation of Mammalian cells, which are relatively expensive compared to yeast and bacterial culture, have been thinking of producing certain proteins in animals since the early 1990s. For this purpose, for example, transgenic animals were produced, which then secreted the recombinant protein, for example into the milk. However, the creation of large transgenic animals such as sheep, goats or cattle is expensive and takes a lot of time and effort. Therefore, this production is only worthwhile for a very large need that can be planned in the long term. Strategies with a somatic gene transfer for the production of recombinant proteins in animals have so far not achieved economic viability. So far, the effort here has not been economically related to the protein yield.
Antikörper werden seit über hundert Jahren aus Tieren gewonnen. Es gibt daher zahlreiche Technologien und Protokolle für die Gewinnung und Aufreinigung von Antikörper aus Tieren. Die Produktion von rekombinanten Antikörpern in Tieren ist auch deswegen besonders vielversprechend, da diese nur im Fall einer Reaktivität mit einem Protein im Produktionswirt zu toxischen Effekten führen. Dies kann vorab untersucht und ausgeschlossen werden. Antibodies have been obtained from animals for over a hundred years. There are therefore numerous technologies and protocols for the extraction and purification of antibodies from animals. The production of recombinant antibodies in animals is particularly promising because they only lead to toxic effects in the case of reactivity with a protein in the production host. This can be examined in advance and excluded.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist bekannt, dass in FAH k.o. Tiere humane Hepatozyten transplantiert werden können (Ramaswamy et al, „Autologous and herterologous cell therapy for hemophilia B toward functional restoration of factor IX“ Cell Rep. 20118, Mai 01 ; 23(5): 1565 -1580). Durch eine Unterbrechung der NTBC Gabe können diese Zellen expandieren. In den Versuchen geht es darum, Möglichkeiten für die Zelltherapie zu untersuchen. Die Organismen werden nicht zur Produktion von rekombinanten Proteinen oder Antikörpern verwendet. It is known from the prior art that in FAH k.o. Animals human hepatocytes can be transplanted (Ramaswamy et al, "Autologous and herterologous cell therapy for hemophilia B toward functional restoration of factor IX" Cell Rep. 20118, May 01; 23 (5): 1565-1580). If the NTBC administration is interrupted, these cells can expand. The aim of the experiments is to investigate cell therapy options. The organisms are not used to produce recombinant proteins or antibodies.
Zum Stand der Technik gehört außerdem die EP256082 B, in welcher ein Verfahren zum Expandieren humaner Hepatozyten in vivo beschrieben wird. In diesem Verfahren werden humane Hepatozyten in FAH-defiziente Schweine transplantiert und deren Expansion über die Steuerung der NTBC Gabe geregelt. Die Tiere werden zur Auswahl von Mitteln für die Behandlung von humanen Lebererkrankungen verwendet. Die Verwendung als Produktionswirt für rekombinante Proteine wird jedoch nicht angedacht. The prior art also includes EP256082 B, in which a method for expanding human hepatocytes in vivo is described. In this procedure, human hepatocytes are transplanted into FAH-deficient pigs and their expansion is regulated by controlling the administration of NTBC. The animals are used to select agents for the treatment of human liver diseases. However, the use as a production host for recombinant proteins is not envisaged.
In der Patentanmeldung PCT/US2003/029251 wurde ein Verfahren beschrieben, mit welchen man fremde Zellen in fetalen tierischen Organismen implantiert und diesen durch eine selektive Zerstörung von körpereigenen Zellen geeignete Wachstumsbedingungen zu gewähren. Diese Methode ist jedoch schwer durchführbar, unwirtschaftlich und auch sehr belastend für die Tiere, welche für die Produktion eingesetzt werden. Bei der Produktion von rekombinanten Proteinen in einem tierischen Organismus ist es von Bedeutung, dass zum einen das Tier (der Produktionsorganismus) nur gering belastet wird und zum anderen die Effektivität des Verfahrens der Produktion in der Zellkultur so deutlich überlegen ist, dass sich der Einsatz der Tiere ethisch rechtfertigen lässt. In the patent application PCT / US2003 / 029251 a method was described with which foreign cells are implanted in fetal animal organisms and these are given suitable growth conditions by selective destruction of the body's own cells. However, this method is difficult to implement, uneconomical and also very stressful for the animals that are used for production. In the production of recombinant proteins in an animal organism, it is important that, on the one hand, the animal (the production organism) is only slightly stressed and, on the other hand, the effectiveness of the process is so clearly superior to production in cell culture that the use of the animals can be justified ethically.
Eine interessante Methode, welche die Fumarylacetoacetathydrolyase-Defizienz induziert und zur Selektion von transfizierten Leberzellen nutzt, wurde von Sean Nygaard, Markus Grompe et al. entwickelt (Nygaard, Sean et al. “A universal System to select gene-modified hepatocytes in vivo.” Science translational medicine vol. 8,342 (2016): 342ra79. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aad8166 und PCT/US2019/029890). Der Hintergrund dieser Erfindung ist der gentherapeutische Einsatz zur Behandlung von Krankheiten. Für die rekombinante Produktion von Proteinen in tierischen Wirtsorganismen ist diese Methode nicht geeignet, da die häufigen Injektionen von CEHPOBA zum einen recht teuer sind und zum anderen auch eine Belastung für den Produktionswirt darstellen.An interesting method, which induces the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolyase deficiency and uses it for the selection of transfected liver cells, was developed by Sean Nygaard, Markus Grompe et al. (Nygaard, Sean et al. “A universal system to select gene-modified hepatocytes in vivo.” Science translational medicine vol. 8,342 (2016): 342ra79. doi: 10.1126 / scitranslmed.aad8166 and PCT / US2019 / 029890). The background of this invention is the use of gene therapy for the treatment of diseases. This method is not suitable for the recombinant production of proteins in animal host organisms, since the frequent injections of CEHPOBA are on the one hand quite expensive and on the other hand also represent a burden for the production host.
Es besteht daher der Bedarf nach weiteren Produktionsmethoden für rekombinante Proteine und Antikörper, die eine hohe Ausbeute, bei geringen Kosten und geringer Belastung für die Tiere erzielen. There is therefore a need for further production methods for recombinant proteins and antibodies which achieve a high yield, at low costs and with little stress on the animals.
DETAILLIERTE BESCHREIBUNG DER ERFINDUNG UND BEISPIELE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND EXAMPLES
Das der Erfindung zu Grunde liegende Problem wird durch die unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen befinden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen. The problem on which the invention is based is solved by the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.
In einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung ein Genkonstrukt umfassend mindestens zwei Nukleinsäuresequenzen, wobei eine der Nukleinsäuresequenzen für FAH kodiert und eine zweite Nukleinsäuresequenz ein zu produzierendes Protein kodiert. In a first preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a gene construct comprising at least two nucleic acid sequences, one of the nucleic acid sequences coding for FAH and a second nucleic acid sequence coding for a protein to be produced.
Das Besondere an der Erfindung ist, dass die Genkonstrukte für rekombinante Herstellung von Proteinen, neben dem Gen des herzustellenden Proteins auch das FAH-Gen als Selektionsmarker verwenden. The special feature of the invention is that the gene constructs for recombinant production of proteins use the FAH gene as a selection marker in addition to the gene of the protein to be produced.
Die Aminosäuresequenz für FAH (SEQ ID NO 1) lautet bevorzugt wie folgt: The amino acid sequence for FAH (SEQ ID NO 1) is preferably as follows:
MLGFGRRRLFSALLQVQKRPCQPSRNMRLVQFQAPHLEEPHLGLESGVGGGWDLNAFDSTLPKTMLGFGRRRLFSALLQVQKRPCQPSRNMRLVQFQAPHLEEPHLGLESGVGGGWDLNAFDSTLPKT
MVQFLEQGETTLSVARRALATQLPVIPRSQVTFLAPVTRPDKVICVGLNYADHCQEQNVRVPKSPIIFMVQFLEQGETTLSVARRALATQLPVIPRSQVTFLAPVTRPDKVICVGLNYADHCQEQNVRVPKSPIIF
SKFSSSIVGPYDEIILPPESKEVDWEVEMAWIGKKGKHIKATDVMAHVAGFTVAHDVSARDWQMRSKFSSSIVGPYDEIILPPESKEVDWEVEMAWIGKKGKHIKATDVMAHVAGFTVAHDVSARDWQMR
NGKQWLLGKTFDTFCPLGPALVTKDTIADPHNLKICCRVNGEWQSSNTNQMVFKTEYLIAWVSQFNGKQWLLGKTFDTFCPLGPALVTKDTIADPHNLKICCRVNGEWQSSNTNQMVFKTEYLIAWVSQF
VTLYPGDLLLTGTPPGVGMFRKPPVFLKKGDEVQCEIEELGVIINKW Das Genkonstrukt der Erfindung umfasst daher bevorzugt eine Nukleinsäuresequenz, die für SEQ ID NO 1 kodiert. Auch bevorzugt ist, dass das Genkonstrukt eine Nukleinsäuresequenz umfasst, die für eine Aminosäuresequenz kodiert, die homolog oder funktionsanalog zu SEQ ID NO 1 ist. Bevorzugt sind mind. 80% Homologie, besonders bevorzug mind. 90% Homologie, ganz besonders bevorzugt 95% Homologie. VTLYPGDLLLTGTPPGVGMFRKPPVFLKKGDEVQCEIEELGVIINKW The gene construct of the invention therefore preferably comprises a nucleic acid sequence which codes for SEQ ID NO 1. It is also preferred that the gene construct comprises a nucleic acid sequence which codes for an amino acid sequence which is homologous or functionally analogous to SEQ ID NO 1. Preference is given to at least 80% homology, particularly preferably at least 90% homology, very particularly preferably 95% homology.
Die Nukleinsäuresequenz kodierend für SEQ ID N01 kann abhängig von dem gewählten Produktionswirt auch codon-optimiert vorliegen. Der Fachmann ist in der Lage diese Codon Optimierung selbstständig vorzunehmen, ohne dabei erfinderisch tätig zu werden. The nucleic acid sequence coding for SEQ ID N01 can also be present in a codon-optimized manner, depending on the selected production host. The person skilled in the art is able to carry out this codon optimization independently without becoming inventive.
Weiterhin ist ein Gen für das herzustellende rekombinante Protein in dem Genkonstrukt enthalten. Es können unterschiedliche Promoter verwendet werden. Als Beispiel kann die FAH- Nukleinsäuresequenz mit dem ubiquitären CMV-Promoter versehen werden und die Nukleinsäuresequenz für das rekombinante Protein mit einem Albumin-Promoter. Der Fachmann ist in der Lage einen geeigneten Promotor auszuwählen, ohne dabei erfinderisch tätig zu werden. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist es auch möglich, das FAH Gen und das Gen des herzustellenden Proteins mit ein und demselben Promotor zu versehen und das Gen des zu produzierenden Proteins mit einem 2A-Peptid dem FAH Gen teilen. Furthermore, a gene for the recombinant protein to be produced is contained in the gene construct. Different promoters can be used. As an example, the FAH nucleic acid sequence can be provided with the ubiquitous CMV promoter and the nucleic acid sequence for the recombinant protein with an albumin promoter. The person skilled in the art is able to select a suitable promoter without becoming inventive. For the purposes of the invention, it is also possible to provide the FAH gene and the gene of the protein to be produced with one and the same promoter and to share the gene of the protein to be produced with a 2A peptide of the FAH gene.
Bei dem herzustellenden Protein, für das die zweite Nukleinsäuresequenz kodiert, handelt es sich bevorzugt um ein humanes Protein, insbesondere einen humanen Antikörper. Damit ist gemeint, dass diese Proteine oder Antikörper entweder im Menschen Vorkommen oder im Menschen eingesetzt werden können. Aber auch nicht humane Proteine und Antikörper können für bestimmte Anwendungen von besonderem Interesse sein, sodass die Erfindung hierauf nicht eingeschränkt wird. The protein to be produced, for which the second nucleic acid sequence codes, is preferably a human protein, in particular a human antibody. This means that these proteins or antibodies can either be found in humans or used in humans. However, non-human proteins and antibodies can also be of particular interest for certain applications, so that the invention is not restricted thereto.
Ein „herzustellendes Protein“ ist ein vom Benutzer oder Experimentator gezielt ausgewähltes bzw. gewünschtes Protein. Ein herzustellendes Protein kann ein natürlich vorkommendes oder ein artifizielles Protein, beispielsweise ein Fusionsprotein, sein. Hinsichtlich der Erfindung können nicht- limitierende Beispiele solcher herzustellenden Proteine sein: Antikörper, bevorzugt humane Antikörper, zur passiven Immunisierung, wie beispielsweise IgG welches an der RBD des SARS- CoV-2 Spike-proteins bindet und das Virus neutralisiert, oder IgG welches an dem Fragment C des Tetanus Toxin bindet und somit den Zelleintritt des Toxins verhindert. Auch kann es sich bei dem herzustellenden Protein um Antikörper für die klinische Diagnostik handeln, welche im großen Maßstab gewonnen werden müssen, wie beispielsweise Kaninchen-Antikörper gegen humane Immunglobuline (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE), oder Ziegen-Antikörper gegen alphal -Antitrypsin und weitere Antikörper von verschiedenen Spezies gegen beispielsweise Transferrin, Ferritin, C-reaktives Protein, Albumin, verschiedene Komplementfaktoren (C3, C4 C1-lnhibitor usw.). Ein herzustellendes Protein kann auch ein von therapeutischem, Impf-, landwirtschaftlichem oder veterinärmedizinischem Interesse sein. Proteine von therapeutischem Interesse können insbesondere Enzyme, Blutderivate, Hormone, Lymphokine (Interleukine, Interferone, TNF, usw.), Wachstumsfaktoren, Neurotransmitter oder deren Vorläufer oder Syntheseenzyme, trophische Faktoren (BDNF, CNTF, NGF, IGF, GMF, aFGF, bFGF, NT3, NT5 usw), Apolipoproteine (ApoAl, ApoAIV, ApoE usw.), Dystrophin oder ein Minidystrophin, Tumorsuppressorgene (p53, Rb, Rap1A, DCC, k-rev, usw.), Koagulationsfaktoren VII, VIII, IX, usw., oder auch noch die Gesamtheit oder ein Teil eines natürlichen oder künstlichen Immunglobulins (Fab, ScFv, usw.) sein. Das herzustellenden Protein kann auch ein Antigen oder Immunogen sein, das fähig ist, beim Menschen oder beim Tier eine Immunantwort hervorzurufen, zur Herstellung von Impfstoffen sein. Es kann sich insbesondere um Antigenpeptide handeln, die spezifisch für Bakterien, Viren oder Tumoren sind. Zu beachten ist hierbei, dass das herzustellende therapeutische Protein in dem Produktionswirt keine oder zumindest keine schädliche Wirkung besitzt. Voraussetzung ist hierfür eine möglichst geringe Homologie des herzustellenden Proteins zu den wirtseigenen Proteinen. A “protein to be produced” is a protein specifically selected or desired by the user or experimenter. A protein to be produced can be a naturally occurring or an artificial protein, for example a fusion protein. Regarding the invention, non-limiting examples of such proteins to be produced can be: antibodies, preferably human antibodies, for passive immunization, such as IgG which binds to the RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and neutralizes the virus, or IgG which binds to the Fragment C of the tetanus toxin binds and thus prevents the cell entry of the toxin. The protein to be produced can also be antibodies for clinical diagnostics, which have to be obtained on a large scale, such as rabbit antibodies against human immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE), or goat antibodies against alpha antitrypsin and further antibodies from different species against, for example, transferrin, ferritin, C-reactive Protein, albumin, various complement factors (C3, C4 C1 inhibitor, etc.). A protein to be produced can also be one of therapeutic, vaccine, agricultural, or veterinary interest. Proteins of therapeutic interest can include, in particular, enzymes, blood derivatives, hormones, lymphokines (interleukins, interferons, TNF, etc.), growth factors, neurotransmitters or their precursors or synthetic enzymes, trophic factors (BDNF, CNTF, NGF, IGF, GMF, aFGF, bFGF, NT3, NT5 etc.), apolipoproteins (ApoAl, ApoAIV, ApoE etc.), dystrophin or a minidystrophin, tumor suppressor genes (p53, Rb, Rap1A, DCC, k-rev, etc.), coagulation factors VII, VIII, IX, etc., or also all or part of a natural or artificial immunoglobulin (Fab, ScFv, etc.). The protein to be produced can also be an antigen or immunogen capable of eliciting an immune response in humans or animals, for the production of vaccines. In particular, they can be antigen peptides which are specific for bacteria, viruses or tumors. It should be noted here that the therapeutic protein to be produced has no or at least no harmful effect in the production host. The prerequisite for this is the lowest possible homology of the protein to be produced to the host proteins.
Dieses Genkonstrukt wird bevorzugt dazu verwendet werden, um in Hepatozyten von FAH- defizienten Tieren (Produktionswirt) über einen Gentransfer, z.B. Transfektion oder Transduktion, eingeschleust zu werden. Dies führt dann dazu, dass die Zellen in der Leber, die das Genkonstrukt erhalten haben, das rekombinante Protein produzieren und bei Verwendung eines sekretorischen Signals in das Blut sekretieren. Außerdem produzieren die Zellen FAH, welches dann als Selektionsmarker verwendet werden kann. Zellen, die kein oder kein funktionierendes FAH produzieren häufen die toxischen Substanzen Succinylacetoacetat und Succinylaceton an und sterben ab. Dies kann nur über ausgleichende Substanzen (z.B. NTBC) verhindert werden, die dafür sorgen, dass Succinylacetoacetat und Succinylaceton nicht angereichert werden. Wenn diese Substanzen nicht mehr verabreicht werden, können nur noch Zellen überlegen, die über den Gentransfer das FAH Gen erhalten haben. Diese Zellen haben auch gleichzeitig die Nukleinsäuresequenz für das zu produzierende Protein erhalten. Somit kann über FAH selektiert werden, bei welchen Zellen ein Gentransfer stattgefunden hat. This gene construct is preferably used to be introduced into the hepatocytes of FAH-deficient animals (production host) via gene transfer, e.g. transfection or transduction. This then causes the cells in the liver that received the gene construct to produce the recombinant protein and, when a secretory signal is used, secrete it into the blood. In addition, the cells produce FAH, which can then be used as a selection marker. Cells that produce no or no functioning FAH accumulate the toxic substances succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone and die. This can only be prevented with balancing substances (e.g. NTBC), which ensure that succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone are not accumulated. If these substances are no longer administered, only cells that have received the FAH gene via gene transfer can consider. These cells also received the nucleic acid sequence for the protein to be produced at the same time. In this way, FAH can be used to select which cells have undergone a gene transfer.
Gentransfer wie hier verwendet bezieht sich auf die Übertragung bzw. Weitergabe von ein oder mehr Genen bzw. von Erbmaterial innerhalb des Genkonstruktes an eine eukaryotische Zelle. Beim selektiven Gentransfer werden die ein oder mehr Gene nur an eine bestimmte Zellpopulation (Zielzellpopulation) oder an ein Gewebe, hier bevorzugt das Lebergewebe, weitergegeben. Der selektive Gentransfer kann durch die Einführung einer Targeting-Domäne z.B. auf der Virusoberfläche begünstigt werden. Es ist bevorzugt, dass die Nukleinsäuresequenz kodierend für das zu produzierenden Protein zusätzlich eine Signalsequenz für die Sekretion umfasst. Je nach Anwendungszweck kann durch ein sekretorisches Signal das rekombinante Protein in das Blut sekretiert werden. Die Auswahl des sekretorischen Signals hängt von dem gewählten rekombinanten Protein ab. Gene transfer as used here refers to the transfer or passing on of one or more genes or genetic material within the gene construct to a eukaryotic cell. In the case of selective gene transfer, the one or more genes are only passed on to a specific cell population (target cell population) or to a tissue, here preferably liver tissue. The selective gene transfer can be promoted by introducing a targeting domain, for example on the virus surface. It is preferred that the nucleic acid sequence coding for the protein to be produced additionally comprises a signal sequence for secretion. Depending on the application, the recombinant protein can be secreted into the blood by a secretory signal. The choice of secretory signal depends on the recombinant protein chosen.
Folgend ist eine nicht abschließende Liste mit möglichen Signalsequenzen, welche besonders für diesen Zweck geeignet sind. Es handelt sich dabei um die Aminosäuresequenzen, sodass das Genkonstrukt bevorzugt die jeweiligen Nukleinsäuresequenzen umfasst, die für diese Aminosäuresequenzen kodieren: The following is a non-exhaustive list of possible signal sequences which are particularly suitable for this purpose. These are the amino acid sequences, so that the gene construct preferably comprises the respective nucleic acid sequences that code for these amino acid sequences:
Der Fachmann ist in der Lage eine entsprechende Signalsequenz für die jeweilige Verwendung auszuwählen, ohne dabei erfinderisch tätig zu werden. The person skilled in the art is able to select a corresponding signal sequence for the respective use without becoming inventive.
Auch geeignet sind Sequenzen, die homolog oder funktionsanalog zu den genannten Sequenzen sind. Bevorzugt sind mind. 80% Homologie, besonders bevorzug mind. 90% Homologie, ganz besonders bevorzugt 95% Homologie. Es ist demnach bevorzugt, dass das Genkonstrukt eine Nukleinsäuresequenz umfasst, die für eine solche homologe Signalsequenz kodiert. Sequences which are homologous or functionally analogous to the sequences mentioned are also suitable. Preference is given to at least 80% homology, particularly preferably at least 90% homology, very particularly preferably 95% homology. It is accordingly preferred that the gene construct comprises a nucleic acid sequence which codes for such a homologous signal sequence.
Das Gen, welches das zu produzierende Protein kodiert, mit einem sekretorischen Signal und das FAH kodierende Gen werden bevorzugt in einen gemeinsamen Vektor kloniert bzw. eingefügt. Mit diesem Vektor werden dann Leberzellen des FAH defizienten Tieres transfiziert und/oder transduziert. The gene which codes for the protein to be produced with a secretory signal and the gene which codes for FAH are preferably cloned or inserted into a common vector. Liver cells of the FAH deficient animal are then transfected and / or transduced with this vector.
In einerweiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung einen Vektor umfassend ein erfindungsgemäßes Genkonstrukt. Es ist dabei bevorzugt, dass es sich bei dem Vektor um einen viralen Vektor handelt, besonders bevorzugt ein lentiviraler Vektor. In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a vector comprising a gene construct according to the invention. It is preferred that the vector is a viral vector, particularly preferably a lentiviral vector.
Die Ausdrücke "Vektor" und "viraler Vektor", wie hierin verwendet, beziehen sich somit bevorzugt auf Viruspartikel. The terms “vector” and “viral vector”, as used herein, thus preferably relate to virus particles.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung ein Plasmid umfassend ein erfindungsgemäßes Genkonstrukt. In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a plasmid comprising a gene construct according to the invention.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung eine Leberzelle, in die das erfindungsgemäße Genkonstrukt eingebracht wurde. Bevorzugt war die Leberzelle vor dem Gentransfer FAH defizient, sodass ihr entweder das FAH Gen fehlte oder dieses mutiert war und letztlich kein FAH produziert werden konnte. In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a liver cell into which the gene construct according to the invention has been introduced. The liver cell was preferably deficient in FAH before the gene transfer, so that it either lacked the FAH gene or it was mutated and ultimately no FAH could be produced.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung ein transgenes nicht humanes Säugetier, welches durch einen Gentransfer das erfindungsgemäße Genkonstrukt erhalten hat und welches vor dem Gentransfer ein FAH (-/-) Tier war. In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a transgenic non-human mammal which has received the gene construct according to the invention through a gene transfer and which was an FAH (- / -) animal before the gene transfer.
Grundsätzlich sind alle nicht humanen Säugetiere als Produktionswirte denkbar. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem Tier um ein Schwein. Wenn Schweine als Produktionswirt verwendet werden, ergibt sich ein Vorteil aus der Affinität von porcinen IgG zu Protein G und einer fehlenden Affinität zu Protein A, während die meisten Immunglobulin G Gruppen von anderen Spezies eine Affinität zu Protein A oder zu Protein A und G haben. Dadurch können bei der Verwendung von Schweinen als Produktionswirt die rekombinanten Antikörper durch Protein A Bindung getrennt von dem porcinen IgG aufgereinigt werden. In principle, all non-human mammals are conceivable as production hosts. The animal is preferably a pig. When pigs are used as the production host, an advantage arises from the affinity of porcine IgG for protein G and a lack of affinity for protein A, while most immunoglobulin G groups from other species have an affinity for protein A or for proteins A and G. As a result, when pigs are used as production hosts, the recombinant antibodies can be purified separately from the porcine IgG by protein A binding.
Alternativ können auch doppelt transgene Produktionswirte verwendet werden, welche keine Immunglobuline bilden. Alternatively, double transgenic production hosts which do not form immunoglobulins can also be used.
Weiterhin bevorzugt ist, dass das Tier ein Schaf ist. Schafe eignen sich besonders gut geeignet für die Produktion von Serum, da die Plasmapherese aufgrund der gut erreichbaren Gefäße einfacher und damit auch stressfreier für die Tiere ist. It is also preferred that the animal is a sheep. Sheep are particularly well suited for the production of serum, since plasmapheresis is easier and therefore less stressful for the animals due to the easily accessible vessels.
Es ist aber auch möglich andere nicht humane Säugetiere zu verwenden, z.B. Maus, Ratte, Kaninchen, Hase, Zeige Rind, Pferd, Kamel oder andere. Der Einsatz von größeren Tieren hat dabei den Vorteil, dass die zu produzierende Menge an Antikörpern größer ist. Es ist dabei bevorzugt, dass das Tier eine Immundefizienz hat. Das hat den Vorteil, dass eine Immunreaktion gegen das zu produzierende Protein unwahrscheinlicher ist. But it is also possible to use other non-human mammals, for example mouse, rat, rabbit, rabbit, cattle, horse, camel or others. The use of larger animals has the advantage that the amount of antibodies to be produced is larger. It is preferred that the animal has an immunodeficiency. This has the advantage that an immune reaction against the protein to be produced is less likely.
In einerweiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Produktion von rekombinanten Proteinen, bevorzugt Antikörpern umfassend die folgenden Schritte: a) Bereitstellung eines nicht humanen FAH (-/-) Säugetiers als Produktionswirt, welches unter NTBC Gabe gehalten wird, b) Bereitstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Genkonstrukts, Plasmids, Vektors und/oder einer Leberzelle, c) Gentransfer, wobei die Nukleinsäure des Genkonstrukts, Plasmids, Vektors und/oder der Leberzelle aus Schritt b in Hepatozyten des Produktionswirt eingebracht wird, d) Reduktion oder Absetzen der NTBC-Gabe zur Expansion der FAH positiven Leberzellen, e) Isolierung der rekombinanten Proteine. In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a method for the production of recombinant proteins, preferably antibodies, comprising the following steps: a) provision of a non-human FAH (- / -) mammal as a production host, which is kept under administration of NTBC, b) provision of one according to the invention Gene construct, plasmid, vector and / or a liver cell, c) gene transfer, wherein the nucleic acid of the gene construct, plasmid, vector and / or liver cell from step b is introduced into hepatocytes of the production host, d) reduction or discontinuation of NTBC administration for expansion the FAH positive liver cells, e) Isolation of the recombinant proteins.
Anstelle von NTBC kann auch eine andere Substanz verwendet werden, welche in den Tyrosin Abbau eingreift. Möglich sind z.B. shRNAs, wie CEHPOBA oder andere Stoffe, die die Ansammlung von Succinylacetoacetat und Succinylaceton verhindern. Immer wenn im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung von NTBC die Rede ist, kann auch ein solcher alternativer Stoff zum Einsatz kommen. Instead of NTBC, another substance that interferes with the breakdown of tyrosine can also be used. For example, shRNAs such as CEHPOBA or other substances that prevent the accumulation of succinylacetoacetate and succinylacetone are possible. Whenever NTBC is mentioned in connection with the invention, such an alternative substance can also be used.
Bei dem Gentransfer handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine Transfektion oder Transduktion. The gene transfer is preferably a transfection or transduction.
Es ist dabei bevorzugt möglich, dass der Gentransfer durch eine in vivo Transfektion der Hepatozyten erfolgt. Hierfür gibt es verschiedene dem Fachmann bekannte Verfahren, die für die Erfindung geeignet sind. Zum einen kann die hydrodynamische Transfektion angewendet werden, bei welcher in der Leber durch Infusionstechnik das Blut verdrängt wird und die Infusionslösung mit den Vektoren unter erhöhten Druck durch die Leber perfundiert. Es ist weiterhin möglich spezifische lipide Nanopartikel zu verwenden, in welche die Vektoren verpackt werden und welche somit direkt von den Hepatozyten aufgenommen werden. It is preferably possible here for the gene transfer to take place by in vivo transfection of the hepatocytes. There are various methods known to the person skilled in the art which are suitable for the invention. On the one hand, hydrodynamic transfection can be used, in which the blood in the liver is displaced by infusion technology and the infusion solution with the vectors is perfused through the liver under increased pressure. It is also possible to use specific lipid nanoparticles in which the vectors are packaged and which are thus taken up directly by the hepatocytes.
Es kann jedoch auch eine recht unspezifische Transfektion mit systemisch bzw. intravenös verabreichten viralen Vektoren vorgenommen werden, vorzugsweise Lentiviren, da es nicht nachteilig ist, wenn auch andere Zelltypen transfiziert werden. Durch die Selektion in den Hepatozyten, wird bei jedem Verfahren letztendlich der größte Teil dertransgenen Expression in der Leber stattfinden. Die Vektoren können jedoch auch durch direkte Injektion in das Lebergewebe in die Leber eingebracht werden. Dies kann auch perkutan erfolgen. Bei der direkten Injektion in das Lebergewebe kann die Transfektionseffizienz durch in vivo Elektroporation erhöht werden. However, a rather unspecific transfection can also be carried out with systemically or intravenously administered viral vectors, preferably lentiviruses, since it is not disadvantageous if other cell types are also transfected. Due to the selection in the hepatocytes, the majority of the transgenic expression will ultimately take place in the liver in any process. However, the vectors can also be injected directly into the liver tissue in introduced into the liver. This can also be done percutaneously. In the case of direct injection into the liver tissue, the transfection efficiency can be increased by in vivo electroporation.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass der Gentransfer der Leber bei Neugeborenen Produktionswirten durchgeführt wird. Dies hat vor allem bei größeren Tieren den Vorteil, dass der Einsatz von NTBC reduziert werden kann und somit eine erhebliche Kosteneinsparung erreicht wird. Bei allen Spezies ist es aber von Vorteil, dass dadurch die Ausbildung einer immunologischen Toleranz des Produktionswirts gegenüber des herzustellenden rekombinanten Proteins wahrscheinlicher wird.It is preferred that liver gene transfer be performed on newborn production hosts. This has the advantage, especially with larger animals, that the use of NTBC can be reduced and thus considerable cost savings can be achieved. In all species, however, it is advantageous that this makes it more likely that the production host will develop an immunological tolerance to the recombinant protein to be produced.
Es ist auch möglich, den Gentransfer bereits pränatal im Uterus durchzuführen. It is also possible to carry out the gene transfer prenatally in the uterus.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass das Absetzen von NTBC nicht unmittelbar nach dem Gentransfer erfolgt. Wann die NTBC Gabe abgesetzt oder reduziert wird, hängt sowohl von dem Tier als auch der Gentransfermethode ab. Das Absetzten kann z.B. einen Tag nach dem Gentransfer erfolgen oder auch erst mehrere Tage später. Es muss ausreichend Zeit vergangen sein, damit die Nukleinsäuren des Genkonstrukts sich in das Genom der Leberzellen integrieren können, damit FAH auch tatsächlich als Selektionsmarker verwendet werden kann. It is preferred that NTBC discontinuation not occur immediately after gene transfer. When NTBC administration is discontinued or reduced depends on both the animal and the gene transfer method. Weaning can take place, for example, one day after the gene transfer or several days later. Sufficient time must have passed for the nucleic acids of the gene construct to integrate into the genome of the liver cells so that FAH can actually be used as a selection marker.
Wenn nach dem Gentransfer das NTBC abgesetzt wird, beginnt der Selektionsprozess. NBTC blockiert das Enzym Hydroxyphenylpöyruvate Dioxygenase upstream von FAH und verhindert so eine Akkumulation von hepatotoxischen Metaboliten. Die nicht-transfizierten Zellen sterben bei Entzug von NTBC ab, während alle transfizierten Zellen, aufgrund der Ko-Expression von FAH überleben und das Lebergewebe besiedeln. Als Folge besitzt die Leber am Ende des Selektionsprozess ausschließlich aus Hepatozyten, welche auch das rekombinante Protein produzieren. Je nach Tierart dauert dieser Prozess unterschiedlich lange, ist aber in der Regel nach einigen Wochen abgeschlossen. When the NTBC is discontinued after the gene transfer, the selection process begins. NBTC blocks the enzyme hydroxyphenylpöyruvate dioxygenase upstream of FAH and thus prevents the accumulation of hepatotoxic metabolites. The non-transfected cells die when NTBC is withdrawn, while all transfected cells survive due to the co-expression of FAH and colonize the liver tissue. As a result, at the end of the selection process, the liver only has hepatocytes, which also produce the recombinant protein. Depending on the species, this process takes different lengths of time, but is usually completed after a few weeks.
Es werden bei dem Verfahren Tiere verwendet, bei welchen das Gen für die Fumarylacetoacetathydrolyase (FAH) fehlt oder defekt ist. The method uses animals in which the gene for fumarylacetoacetate hydrolyase (FAH) is missing or defective.
Besonders bevorzugt ist, dass die Proteine aus dem Blut entnommen werden. Somit können Proteine, insbesondere Antikörper auf sehr einfache und für das Tier stressfreie Weise produziert und dann isoliert werden. Ein Vorteil der Produktion von rekombinanten Proteinen, insbesondere rekombinanten Antikörpern in diesem System ist die umfangreiche Erfahrung mit der Gewinnung von Proteinen und Antikörpern aus dem Blut. Hierbei können Plasmapheresen eingesetzt werden, um von jedem Produktionswirt möglichst viel und lange rekombinante Proteinen zu gewinnen. Weiterhin können die Aufreinigungsprotokolle und die Anlagen für die Immunglobulin-Fällung verwendet werden. Somit sind die Aufreinigung und weitere Verarbeitung im industriellen Maßstab ohne weiteres möglich, ohne dabei ein großen Kosten Aspekt zu bilden. It is particularly preferred that the proteins are taken from the blood. Proteins, in particular antibodies, can thus be produced in a very simple and stress-free manner for the animal and then isolated. An advantage of the production of recombinant proteins, in particular recombinant antibodies, in this system is the extensive experience in obtaining proteins and antibodies from the blood. In this case, plasmapheresis can be used in order to obtain as many and long recombinant proteins as possible from each production host. Furthermore, the purification protocols and the systems for immunoglobulin precipitation be used. Purification and further processing on an industrial scale are thus easily possible without creating a high cost aspect.
Die rekombinanten Proteine werden bevorzugt durch Plasmapherese gewonnen. Diese Methode eignet sich besonders für Antikörper, da diese Plasmaproteine sind und sich somit im Plasma in ihrer natürlichen Matrix befinden. The recombinant proteins are preferably obtained by plasmapheresis. This method is particularly suitable for antibodies, as these are plasma proteins and are therefore in their natural matrix in the plasma.
Es ist auch möglich, die Proteine alternativ oder parallel aus der Leber aufzureinigen, oder Hepatozyten zu gewinnen und zu kultivieren, welche das rekombinante Protein hersteilen. It is also possible to purify the proteins from the liver alternatively or in parallel, or to obtain and cultivate hepatocytes which produce the recombinant protein.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass das nicht humane FAH (-/-) Säugetier eine Immundefizienz hat. Alternativ kann eine immunsuprimierende Behandlung durchgeführt werden, z.B. mit Cyclosporin. Allerdings ist dies nur in bestimmten Fällen zu bevorzugen, da diese Methode zu deutlich höheren Haltungskosten und auch zu einer höheren Belastung des Tieres führt. It is further preferred that the non-human FAH (- / -) mammal has an immunodeficiency. Alternatively, immunosuppressive treatment such as cyclosporine can be used. However, this is only preferable in certain cases, as this method leads to significantly higher keeping costs and also to a higher burden on the animal.
Durch die Erfindung können Proteine, insbesondere Antikörper zu deutlich geringeren Kosten und vor allem schnell in großen Mengen produziert werden, als dies bisher möglich ist. Solche Mengen sind in der Zellkultur nicht möglich, sodass sich die Erfindung vor allen für die Produktion von therapeutischen Antikörpern, z.B. im Pandemiefall - also, wenn schnell besonders große Mengen nötig sind. As a result of the invention, proteins, in particular antibodies, can be produced at significantly lower costs and, above all, quickly in large quantities than was previously possible. Such quantities are not possible in cell culture, so that the invention is primarily used for the production of therapeutic antibodies, e.g. in the event of a pandemic - i.e. when particularly large quantities are required quickly.
In einerweiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung von FAH (-/-) nicht humanen Säugetieren zur Produktion von rekombinanten Proteinen, insbesondere Antikörper.In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of FAH (- / -) non-human mammals for the production of recombinant proteins, in particular antibodies.
Es ist dabei bevorzugt, dass die FAH (-/-) nicht humanen Säugetiere gleichzeitig immundefizient sind. It is preferred that the FAH (- / -) non-human mammals are immunodeficient at the same time.
Es ist dabei weiterhin bevorzugt, dass ein erfindungsgemäßes Genkonstrukt in das FAH (-/-) nicht humane Säugetier eingebracht wird. It is further preferred that a gene construct according to the invention is introduced into the FAH (- / -) non-human mammal.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung der Tiere, in Kombination mit dem Genkonstrukt, eignet sich sehr gut zur schnellen und wirtschaftlichen Produktion von mittelgroßen bis sehr großen Mengen von rekombinanten Proteinen, insbesondere Antikörpern. The use of the animals according to the invention, in combination with the gene construct, is very suitable for the rapid and economical production of medium-sized to very large amounts of recombinant proteins, in particular antibodies.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Kit umfassend ein erfindungsgemäßes Genkonstrukt und/oder einen erfindungsgemäßen Vektor und/oder ein erfindungsgemäßes Plasmid und Hilfsstoffe zum Gentransfer, bevorzugt zur Transfektion und/oder Transduktion. In a preferred embodiment, the invention also relates to a kit comprising a gene construct according to the invention and / or a vector according to the invention and / or a plasmid according to the invention and auxiliaries for gene transfer, preferably for transfection and / or transduction.
Die anmeldungsgemäße Lehre zeichnet sich vor allem durch die folgenden Merkmale aus: - Abkehr vom technisch Üblichen The teaching according to the application is characterized above all by the following features: - Turning away from the technically usual
- neue Aufgabenstellung - new task
-Vorliegen eines seit langem ungelösten dringenden Bedürfnisses für die Lösung des mit der Erfindung gelösten Problems - Existence of a long unresolved urgent need for solving the problem solved by the invention
- Entwicklung der wissenschaftlichen Technik ging in eine andere Richtung. - The development of scientific technology went in a different direction.
Insbesondere die vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen der Erfindung weisen mindestens einen oder mehrere der genannten Vorteile auf. In particular, the advantageous embodiments of the invention have at least one or more of the advantages mentioned.
Alle bevorzugten Ausführungsformen, die für eine bestimmte Anspruchskategorie beschrieben wurden, gelten auch für die anderen Kategorien. All preferred embodiments that have been described for a particular claim category also apply to the other categories.
Beispiel example
Für die geplante Produktion eines therapeutischen Antikörpers, welcher z.B. gegen Nukleoprotein von Influenzavirus A gerichtet ist, wird zunächst ein lentiviraler Vektor hergestellt. Das Plasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH (Figur 1) ist ein lentiviraler Expressionsvektor mit zwei Promotoren EF-1a und PGK. Die Sequenzen der schweren und leichten Kette des humanen NP-spezifischen Antikörper (Nukleoprotein von Influenzavirus A) werden mit der Sequenz für ein P2A Peptid getrennt und unter Kontrolle eines EF-1a Promotor kloniert. Die FAH-Sequenz ist downstream des PGK Promotor kloniert. For the planned production of a therapeutic antibody, which is directed against the nucleoprotein of influenza virus A, for example, a lentiviral vector is first produced. The plasmid pSMP-anti-NP-FAH (FIG. 1) is a lentiviral expression vector with two promoters EF-1a and PGK. The sequences of the heavy and light chain of the human NP-specific antibody (nucleoprotein of influenza virus A) are separated with the sequence for a P2A peptide and cloned under the control of an EF-1a promoter. The FAH sequence is cloned downstream of the PGK promoter.
Ein Lentivirales Packaging-System dritter Generation (mit VSV-G) wird zusammen mit dem Expressionsplasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH für die Herstellung von Anti-NP-FAH lentiviralen Vektoren angesetzt. A third generation lentiviral packaging system (with VSV-G) is used together with the expression plasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH for the production of anti-NP-FAH lentiviral vectors.
Durch die Transduktion von Hepatozyten eines FAH(-/-) Tieres mit den Anti-NP-FAH lentiviralen Vektoren, werden die Expressionskassetten von Anti-NP und FAH in das Genom dertransduzierten Zellen integriert. In einem FAH(-/-) Tiermodell werden die Hepatozyten durch die Expression von FAH selektioniert. Der Anti-NP Antikörper kann nun durch die selektionierten Hepatozyten produziert werden. Through the transduction of hepatocytes from an FAH (- / -) animal with the anti-NP-FAH lentiviral vectors, the expression cassettes of anti-NP and FAH are integrated into the genome of the transduced cells. In an FAH (- / -) animal model, the hepatocytes are selected through the expression of FAH. The anti-NP antibody can now be produced by the selected hepatocytes.
Hierfür werden 3 bis 4 Wochen alten FAH(-/-) Mäusen 108 TU von dem lentiviralen Vektor unter Narkose in den großen Leberlappen transkutan injiziert (alternativ können die lentiviralen Vektoren auch intravenös injiziert werden). Die NTBC Gabe (4mg/ml über das Trinkwasser) wird einen Tag nach der Transfektion abgesetzt und somit der Selektionsprozess in Gang gesetzt. Nach 6 Wochen kann der Antikörper aus dem Serum oder dem Lebergewebe isoliert werden. For this purpose, 10 8 TU of the lentiviral vector are transcutaneously injected into the large lobes of the liver under anesthesia in 3 to 4 week old FAH (- / -) mice (alternatively, the lentiviral vectors can also be injected intravenously). The administration of NTBC (4 mg / ml in the drinking water) is discontinued one day after the transfection, thus starting the selection process. After 6 weeks, the antibody can be isolated from the serum or liver tissue.
Das Plasmid enthält die folgenden Sequenzen: The plasmid contains the following sequences:
Anti-NP Sequenz IGHV DNA-Sequenz Anti-NP sequence IGHV DNA sequence
SEQ ID NO 8SEQ ID NO 8
ATGGAGTTTGGGCTGAGCTGCGTTTTCCTTGTTGCCATTTTTAAAGGTATCGATGTACATTCCGAATGGAGTTTGGGCTGAGCTGCGTTTTCCTTGTTGCCATTTTTAAAGGTATCGATGTACATTCCGA
GGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGCTGAGGTGAGGAAGCCTGGGGCCTCAGTGAAGGTCTCCTGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGCTGAGGTGAGGAAGCCTGGGGCCTCAGTGAAGGTCTCCT
GCAAGGCTTCTGGATACACCTTCACCGGCTACTATATTCACTGGGTGCGACAGGCCCCTGGACGCAAGGCTTCTGGATACACCTTCACCGGCTACTATATTCACTGGGTGCGACAGGCCCCTGGAC
AAGGACTTGAGTGGTTGGGACGGATCAACCCAAACAGTGGCCCATACATTGATGGCACAAAGTAAGGACTTGAGTGGTTGGGACGGATCAACCCAAACAGTGGCCCATACATTGATGGCACAAAGT
ACGCAGAGAAGTTTCAGGGCCGGGTCACCATGACTAGCGACAGGTCCATTAACACAGCCTACAACGCAGAGAAGTTTCAGGGCCGGGTCACCATGACTAGCGACAGGTCCATTAACACAGCCTACA
TGGAACTGAGCAGGCTGACATCTGACGACACGGCCGTCTATTACTGTGCGAGGGAAGATGTGATGGAACTGAGCAGGCTGACATCTGACGACACGGCCGTCTATTACTGTGCGAGGGAAGATGTGA
TAGACT CCTACTTT GACTT GTGGAGCCAGGGAACCCTGGT CACCGT CT CCTCAGGCTAGACT CCTACTTT GACTT GTGGAGCCAGGGAACCCTGGT CACCGT CT CCTCAGGC
SEQ ID NO 8 kodiert dabei für die folgenden Aminosäuresequenz: SEQ ID NO 8 codes for the following amino acid sequence:
SEQ ID NO 9 SEQ ID NO 9
M EFG LSCVFLVAI FKG I DVHSEVQLVESG AEVRKPG ASVKVSC KASG YTFTG YYI H WVRQAPGQG L EWLGRINPNSGPYIDGTKYAEKFQGRVTMTSDRSINTAYMELSRLTSDDTAVYYCAREDVIDSYFDL WSQGTLVTVSSG M EFG LSCVFLVAI FKG I DVHSEVQLVESG AEVRKPG ASVKVSC KASG YTFTG YYI H WVRQAPGQG L EWLGRINPNSGPYIDGTKYAEKFQGRVTMTSDRSINTAYMELSRLTSDDTAVYYLVLEDSSVGYF
IG KV DNA-Sequenz: IG KV DNA sequence:
SEQ ID NO 10SEQ ID NO 10
ATGGAAACCCCAGCGCAGCTTCTCTTCCTCCTGCTACTCTGGCTCCCAGTTTCAGATCGTACGGATGGAAACCCCAGCGCAGCTTCTCTTCCTCCTGCTACTCTGGCTCCCAGTTTCAGATCGTACGG
TACATGGGGATATTGTGATGACCCAGTCTCCACTCTCCCTGCCCGTCACCCCTGGAGAGCCGGTACATGGGGATATTGTGATGACCCAGTCTCCACTCTCCCTGCCCGTCACCCCTGGAGAGCCGG
CCTCCATCTCCTGCAGGTCTAGTCAGAGCCTCCTGCATAGTAATGGATACAACTATTTAGATTGCCTCCATCTCCTGCAGGTCTAGTCAGAGCCTCCTGCATAGTAATGGATACAACTATTTAGATTG
GTACCTGCAGAAGCCAGGGCAGTCTCCACAGCTCCTCATGTATTTGGGTTCTACTCGGGCCTCGTACCTGCAGAAGCCAGGGCAGTCTCCACAGCTCCTCATGTATTTGGGTTCTACTCGGGCCTC
CGGGGTCCCTGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTTACACTGAAAATCAGCACCGGGGTCCCTGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTTACACTGAAAATCAGCAC
AG T G GAG G CT GAG G ATGTTG G AATTT ATT ACT G CAT G C AAG CTCT ACAAG CT CCGTAC ACTTTTAG T G GAG G CT GAG G ATGTTG G AATTT ATT ACT G CAT G C AAG CTCT ACAAG CT CCGTAC ACTTTT
GGCCAAGGGACCAAAGTGGATATCAAAGGCCAAGGGACCAAAGTGGATATCAAA
SEQ ID NO 10 kodiert dabei für die folgenden Aminosäuresequenz: SEQ ID NO 10 codes for the following amino acid sequence:
SEQ ID NO 11 : METPAQLLFLLLLWLPVSDRTVHGDIVMTQSPLSLPVTPGEPASISCRSSQSLLHSNGYNYLDWYLQSEQ ID NO 11: METPAQLLFLLLLWLPVSDRTVHGDIVMTQSPLSLPVTPGEPASISCRSSQSLLHSNGYNYLDWYLQ
KPGQSPQLLMYLGSTRASGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISTVEAEDVGIYYCMQALQAPYTFGQGTKVKPGQSPQLLMYLGSTRASGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISTVEAEDVGIYYCMQALQAPYTFGQGTKV
DIK DIK
Außerdem enthalten ist ein Genabschnitt der für SEQ ID NO 1 oder eine dazu funktionsanaloge homologe Sequenz, bevorzugt 80% Homologie, besonders bevorzugt 90% Homologie, ganz besonders bevorzugt 95% Homologie. Also included is a gene segment of the SEQ ID NO 1 or a functionally analogous homologous sequence, preferably 80% homology, particularly preferably 90% homology, very particularly preferably 95% homology.
Figur 1 zeigt das Expressionsplasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH. Es handelt sich um einen lentiviralen Expressionsvektor mit zwei Promotoren EF-1a und PGK. Die Sequenzen der schweren und leichten Kette des humanen NP-spezifischen Antikörper (Nukleoprotein von Influenzavirus A) werden mit der Sequenz für ein P2A Peptid getrennt und unter Kontrolle eines EF-1a Promotor kloniert. Die FAH- Sequenz ist downstream des PGK Promotor kloniert. FIG. 1 shows the expression plasmid pSMP-Anti-NP-FAH. It is a lentiviral expression vector with two promoters EF-1a and PGK. The sequences of the heavy and light chain of the human NP-specific antibody (nucleoprotein of influenza virus A) are separated with the sequence for a P2A peptide and cloned under the control of an EF-1a promoter. The FAH sequence is cloned downstream of the PGK promoter.
Claims
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| DE102019134122 | 2019-12-12 | ||
| PCT/EP2020/086028 WO2021116495A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-12-14 | Production of recombinant proteins using fah as the selection marker |
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