EP4063781B9 - Reproduction of a ejectable body - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a projectile replica for insertion into a launching cup of a military launching system. The invention further relates to a method for operating a military launching system with such a projectile replica. Further subjects of the invention are a modular system for creating different projectile replicas and a launching system for launching military projectiles.

In the field of military technology, various types of missile systems are known for protecting objects such as vehicles or buildings. The missile systems, which are also used in the invention, are mounted on the object to be protected, for example, to release missiles during an operation and thus protect the vehicle or building in close range.

Different types of projectiles are used. For example, smoke grenades can be dropped to conceal an object to be protected behind a smoke screen, or explosive devices, such as explosive grenades, can be fired at nearby enemies. These projectiles are designed as cartridges and contain a propellant charge and an active agent, such as a smoke or explosive device.

To equip the launch system with appropriate projectiles, it has several launch cups, which are loaded with the appropriate projectiles by a crew member before or during the mission. The projectiles are placed into the launch cup and can be released from there.

Such a throwing system is, for example, in the EP 1 128 152 B1 The launching system has several launching cups into which projectiles can be inserted and from which they can be released. Another launching system is also shown in the DE 10 2012 101 037 B3 or the DE 37 06 213 A1 revealed. The JP 4 069379 B2 shows an ammunition body for a projectile system that can be used for training purposes. It is ignited to indicate a self-hit and produces smoke, but is not released from the launch cup.

The key to the proper functioning of the launching system is the initiation of an electrical ignition signal, particularly a high-current pulse, at the correct time. The launching system's ignition signal ignites the projectile. The propellant charge is ignited by the ignition signal, and the projectile is released from the launching cup.

To ensure the operational capability of the launching system, the ignition signal should be checked regularly. The ignition signal should be checked, in particular, with regard to its functionality during a test (i.e., whether an ignition signal can be initiated by the launching system operator or whether the launching system is defective); with regard to its strength during a measurement (i.e., whether the ignition signal actually transmits sufficient energy to ignite a projectile); and with regard to its timing during training (i.e., when it is triggered by the launching system operator in order to be able to launch projectiles particularly effectively).

The invention has for its object to provide a device with which the ignition signal of a military launching system can be made available to a user for testing, measuring and/or training purposes.

This object is achieved by a projectile replica for insertion into a launching cup of a military launching system having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are part of the subclaims.

According to the invention, the projectile replica has an ignition interface for tapping an electrical ignition signal of the launching system and a user interface for outputting an optical, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal depending on the ignition signal.

Such a projectile replica makes it easy to utilize, and in particular, verify, a firing signal from a military launching system for testing, measuring, and/or training purposes. The projectile replica can be modeled on a projectile that can be launched from the launching cups of the launching system in terms of its external shape, dimensions, and/or functionality. can be inserted into the throwing cup of the throwing system as an alternative to the throwing body and in the same way.

In particular, the ignition interface of the projectile replica is modeled on the ignition interface of the projectile to be replicated, preferably in terms of shape and dimensions. Due to the similarities between the projectile replica and the replica projectile, the ignition interface is then arranged in the launch cup in such a way that the ignition signal can be tapped via it. The user interface enables the output of a user signal depending on the tapped ignition signal, so that a corresponding check can be carried out on the basis of the output user signal. The check with the projectile replica can be carried out, for example, as part of a test to determine whether an ignition signal can be initiated via the launch system at all, a measurement of the strength of an initiated ignition signal that can be tapped, or training as to when an ignition signal should be initiated.

An advantageous development of the invention provides for the projectile replica to be designed without a propellant and/or an active agent. Since the projectile replica is not launched by the launching system, propellants, such as an ignition charge, and/or an active agent, such as a smoke and/or an explosive, are not required. The active agent replica remains in the launching cup after the ignition signal.

Furthermore, it has proven useful if the user interface has one or more signaling devices for signaling the user signal. One or more signaling devices can easily signal a user signal to a user, allowing the user to draw conclusions about the detected ignition signal. The signaling device(s) can be designed as optical signaling devices, for example, with at least one light source, such as a light-emitting diode, or an indicator, such as a display. The signaling device(s) Signaling devices can alternatively or additionally be designed as acoustic signaling devices, e.g., with an alarm or a loudspeaker. The signaling device(s) can alternatively or additionally be designed as haptic signaling devices, e.g., with a switch or lever that can assume different positions and thus signal the user signal visually and/or haptically. It is possible for the user interface to have multiple signaling devices, each of which signals different information in the form of user signals depending on the ignition signal. For example, it is conceivable that the ignition signal can be signaled via one signaling device and the polarity of the ignition interface via another signaling device.

In this context, it can be provided that at least one signaling device has a light-emitting device for emitting light. In this way, a user signal can be displayed to a user particularly reliably and in a structurally simple manner. The light-emitting device can be designed as a light-emitting diode (LED). Light-emitting diodes can be particularly energy-efficient. It is possible for a signaling device to have multiple light-emitting devices, e.g. LEDs. This can increase the luminosity in order to clarify the displayed user signal. The light-emitting device can emit light of different colors, whereby user signals can be displayed in different colors. The different colors can, for example, enable a user to draw conclusions about the detected ignition signal. It is possible for a signaling device to have multiple light-emitting devices of different colors and/or for multiple signaling devices to each have light-emitting devices of different colors, so that, for example, one signaling device can display the color red and another signaling device the color green. It is possible for the signaling means with at least one illuminating means to have a beam angle of at least 90°, preferably of at least 135° and particularly preferably of at least 180°. It is conceivable for the optical signaling means to have a diffuser for distributing the light emitted by the at least one light emitting means. Alternatively or in addition to at least one light emitting means, it is possible for the optical signaling means to have a display for displaying a user signal.

The user interface advantageously has an electrical connection for connecting a measuring device. This allows an external measuring device to be temporarily connected to the launch vehicle replica in order to read, record, and/or check the user signal or the firing signal of the launch system. The user interface can accordingly be designed as a measuring interface. The connection can be designed as a bayonet connection, in particular as a BNC connection (Bayonet Neill Concelman connection), a threaded connection, a plug connection, or a threaded plug connection for attaching a measuring device. The connection can be designed as a coaxial connection. The connection can be sealed against external influences such as dirt or moisture by a protective element, such as a protective cap. The protective element can be pluggable and/or screwable and can be attached to the connection. The protective element can be designed to be captive. It is possible for an oscilloscope, in particular, to be connected as a measuring device via the electrical connection.

In connection with the ignition interface, it has proven effective if the ignition interface has one or more electrical contacts for contacting an ignition signal generator of the launching system that emits the ignition signal. This allows the projectile replica, when placed in a launching cup of a launching system, to contact an ignition pulse generator of the launching system, so that the ignition signal can be tapped accordingly. The electrical contact(s) can be made of electrically conductive material, in particular metals such as copper. The electrical contact(s) can be made of a corrosion-resistant alloy, which ensures the ability to make contact. The electrical contact(s) can be arranged at the ignition point in such a way that the ignition pulse generator can be automatically contacted via the electrical contact(s) when the projectile replica is introduced.

The electrical contact(s) can advantageously be designed as contact rings that contact in the radial direction. The contact rings can be partially or completely circumferential.

It has proven effective for the ignition interface to have a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact for contacting an ignition signal generator of the launching system, with the first and second electrical contacts forming a pole pair for tapping the ignition signal. The two electrical contacts allow for two electrical connection points to the ignition signal generator. One electrical contact can form the positive pole, and the other electrical contact can form the negative pole.

It is particularly advantageous if the ignition interface has a first electrical contact, a second electrical contact, and a third electrical contact for contacting an ignition signal generator of the launching system, wherein the first and second electrical contacts are designed as a first pole pair for tapping a first ignition signal from the ignition signal generator, and the first and third electrical contacts are designed as a second pole pair for tapping a second ignition signal from the ignition signal generator. In this way, multi-contact launch cups can also be contacted, which can, for example, initiate a first ignition signal via a first contact pair of the ignition signal generator and a second ignition signal via a second contact pair of the ignition signal generator. Such multi-contact launch cups can enable the launching of different types of projectiles, such as smoke grenades and explosive grenades. It is possible that the The ignition signal can be picked up either via the first pole pair or via the second pole pair. For this purpose, a switch can be provided, for example, which can be switched by actuating a switch.

In this context, it has proven useful if the user interface has at least one signaling device via which the polarity of a pole pair and/or pole pairs can be signaled, in particular displayed, depending on the tapped ignition signal. This allows the polarity of the launching system or the ignition signal generator to be checked using the projectile replica, as the signaling device can signal the direction of current influence of the tapped ignition signal. It is possible for the signaling device to signal a first user signal, e.g. in the form of a green light, for a first polarity of the pole pair(s), and a second user signal, e.g. in the form of a red light, for a correspondingly different polarity of the pole pair(s). Multiple signaling devices can also be provided which signal the polarity of the pole pair(s).

Furthermore, the ignition interface can be provided with one or more insulating rings that can be optionally replaced with electrical contacts. This allows the projectile replica to be easily adapted to the launching cup and, in particular, its ignition signal generator. The insulating ring(s) can be made of non-conductive material, in particular plastics. The geometry of the insulating ring(s) can be essentially similar to the electrical contacts designed as contact rings. The insulating ring(s) can be partially or completely circumferential.

In connection with the design of the ignition point, it has also proven useful if the ignition interface has a substantially cylindrical base body, on the outer surface of which the electrical contacts and/or the insulating rings are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction The base body can be designed like an engine piston. The cylindrical base body can be closed at one end and open at the opposite end. A cavity can be formed inside the base body. The ignition interface can be designed as a detonator replica through the cylindrical base body. This can essentially be modeled after the detonator of a projectile.

The ignition interface designed as a fuze replica and/or the processing electronics can be interchangeable. An interchangeable ignition interface and/or processing electronics allows the projectile replica to be adapted to different projectile launching system systems. In particular, the internal resistance of the projectile replica can be specifically adapted to the operating requirements of a projectile launching system by replacing the ignition interface and/or the processing electronics, in particular an electrical component of the processing electronics. In this way, the internal resistance of the projectile replica can be selected to be equal to the internal resistance of a projectile that can actually be fired with a specific launching system before it is fired, in order to meet the operating requirements of the launching system. By using an ignition interface and/or processing electronics that is not consumed by the ignition signal and merely replicates the fuze, the projectile replica can be reused in a material-saving manner.

In this context, the electrical contacts and/or the insulating rings on the housing can be spaced apart from each other in the axial direction by spacers. This prevents contact between the electrical contacts and/or with the insulating rings. The spacers can be made of non-conductive material, e.g., plastic. The spacers can be The electrical contacts configured as contact rings and/or the insulating rings can be designed flatter. This allows the ignition interface to be designed more compactly by reducing the spacing between the contacts and/or insulating rings. It is possible for the spacers to be ring-shaped.

The cylindrical base body advantageously has a diameter change at the end face, which serves as a stop in the axial direction for at least one electrical contact, an insulating ring, and/or a spacer. This allows for particularly easy assembly of the ignition interface. The electrical contact(s) and/or the insulating ring(s) and/or the spacer(s) can be slid onto the base body one after the other in the main axial direction of the base body.

It can be provided that the electrical contacts and/or insulating rings and/or spacers can be pushed onto the cylindrical base body one behind the other in the axial direction from one end face, in particular from the end face opposite the diameter change. This further increases ease of assembly.

The invention provides processing electronics for processing the ignition signal tapped via the ignition interface into the user signal output via the user interface. The processing electronics can process the ignition signal and transmit a modified user signal to the user interface. For example, it is possible for the processing electronics to extend the ignition signal in time, so that the duration of the output user signal is longer than the duration of the tapped ignition signal. The processing electronics can be designed as a printed circuit board. The processing electronics can have various electrical components, such as capacitors, resistors and/or a microcontroller.

It has proven effective for the processing electronics to electrically connect the ignition interface to the user interface. This allows the ignition signal tapped via the ignition interface to be electrically transmitted to the user interface. Depending on the ignition signal, the processing electronics can transmit different, particularly processed, user signals to the user interface.

Furthermore, it has proven useful in connection with the processing electronics if the processing electronics are designed in such a way that the duration of the user signal signaling via the signaling device(s) can be extended compared to the actual duration of the ignition signal tapped via the ignition interface. This allows even short ignition signals to be output as user signals via the user interface for a longer period of time. For example, it is possible for an ignition signal tapped as a short ignition pulse to be signaled as a user signal over a longer period of time by a signaling device.

It has also proven extremely useful for the projectile replica to have an energy storage device, via which one or more of the signaling devices can be at least partially supplied with power. The energy storage device ensures that sufficient energy is available to signal the signaling device, in particular in the event that the duration of the signaling of the user signal via the signaling device is extended compared to the duration of the ignition signal tapped via the ignition point. The energy storage device can preferably be designed as an electrical energy storage device. It is possible for the energy storage device to be designed as a capacitor, supercapacitor, accumulator and/or battery. The energy storage device can be designed to be rechargeable.

Advantageously, the energy storage device is configured as part of the processing electronics. It is conceivable that the processing electronics regulate the energy storage device, particularly during the charging and/or discharging process. The processing electronics can distribute the energy of the energy storage device to the user interface, particularly to the signaling device(s), as needed. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the energy storage device at least partially supplies the electrical components of the processing electronics with energy.

In connection with the energy storage device, it has proven effective if the energy storage device can be charged at least partially via the electrical firing signal of the launching system and/or via a charging socket for connection to an external power source and/or via one or more of the electrical contacts of the firing interface. This creates a rechargeable energy storage device. The energy storage device allows the firing signal to be temporarily stored energetically before being transmitted to the user interface.

It has proven advantageous if the charging socket is designed as part of the ignition interface and is arranged on an at least partially closed end face of the cylindrical base body of the ignition interface. This arrangement of the charging socket allows the energy storage device to be charged outside of the use of the projectile replica, i.e. when the projectile replica is not inserted in a launch cup. An external power source can be connected to the charging socket via an electrical cable. The charging socket can be designed as a screw, plug, or bayonet connection. The charging socket can be flush with the end face of the base body or recessed in the base body so that the charging socket follows the front contour of the base body. not overshadowed.

Furthermore, the processing electronics advantageously have a isolator, via which the electrical connection between at least two of the electrical contacts of the ignition interface can be interrupted in such a way that no ignition signal can be tapped via the ignition interface. In this way, the current flow through the projectile replica can be interrupted, for example, to prevent a residual current for the detection of ignition failures of the projectile system by the projectile replica. The isolator serves to replicate a squib of the replica projectile. In a projectile, the squib can enable the ignition of a propellant by acting as a resistor for the tapped ignition signal, heating it up and igniting the propellant. The squib is destroyed when the propellant is ignited, whereby the ignition of the propellant and thus indirectly also the release of the projectile by the projectile system can be registered by a further ignition signal from the projectile system, for example in the form of a residual current. If, for example, the projectile misfires, the additional ignition signal can be used to detect that the projectile, including the pellet, remains in the launch cup. Ignition failures can be detected by the launch system via the second ignition signal. In the case of a replica projectile, the isolator can interrupt the current flow through the replica projectile. This allows a release to be detected upon a further ignition signal from the launch system, even though the replica projectile remains in the launch cup after the ignition signal.

The isolator can be triggered by the ignition signal received via the ignition interface and/or initiated by a control system. The isolator can be designed as an electrical fuse. The isolator can be a one-time isolator, e.g., a fuse, or a resettable isolator, e.g., an electrical switch or similar to a circuit breaker. or a circuit breaker.

In this context, it has proven effective for the isolator to be manually resettable via a reset element, with the reset element being designed, in particular, as part of the user interface. This allows the user to reset the triggered isolator and restore the electrical connection between the electrical contacts of the ignition interface. The reset element can have a dual function and, in addition to its reset functionality, also act as a signaling device. For example, it is conceivable that the position of the reset element could signal to a user that an ignition signal has been received. The reset element can be designed, for example, as a lever or button.

In connection with the design of the processing electronics, it has also proven useful if the processing electronics have a switch by means of which the ignition signal can be tapped optionally via the first or second pole pair of the ignition interface. This makes it possible to tap different ignition signals optionally via the first or second pole pair and thus, for example, to check a first and a second ignition signal of a multi-contact launch cup. It is possible for a first ignition signal for detonating a first type of projectile, such as smoke grenades, to be tapped via the first pole pair. A second ignition signal for detonating a different type of projectile, such as explosive grenades, can be tapped via the second pole pair.

In this context, it has proven advantageous if the switch can be manually operated via a switch actuator, with the switch actuator being designed, in particular, as part of the user interface. This allows the user to selectively specify which pole pair an ignition signal should be tapped via. The switch actuator can be designed as a lever or button.

It is further advantageous if the projectile replica has a housing in which at least part of the user interface and/or the processing electronics and/or the ignition interface is accommodated. The housing can protect the user interface and/or the processing electronics and/or the ignition interface from environmental influences, such as moisture, dirt, etc. The housing can be substantially cylindrical, in particular tubular. The housing can be designed as a single piece.

With regard to the assembly of the projectile replica, it has proven useful if the user interface and the processing electronics form a first assembly unit and the ignition interface forms a second assembly unit, wherein the assembly units are connectable to one another, in particular via the housing. It is possible for the user interface and the processing electronics to be connected, in particular screwed, to thus form the first assembly unit. The first assembly unit can be detachably connected, in particular screwed, to the housing. The second assembly unit can also be detachably connected, in particular screwed, to the housing. It is possible for the first and/or second assembly unit to be connected to the housing via a flange connection. The main axes of the first assembly unit, the housing and the second assembly unit can be arranged coaxially oriented to one another.

It is particularly advantageous if the user interface and the ignition interface are arranged on opposite sides of the housing, particularly in a cover-like manner. The user interface and the ignition interface can be detachably connected to the housing via a flange connection.

The missile replica is advantageously hardened. This allows the missile replica to be used even under harsh conditions, for example, during a training exercise as a training cartridge, as it is designed to be robust and protected against external influences such as environmental influences, vibrations, etc. A military-hardened missile replica, which is particularly protected against electromagnetic interference, vibrations, sand and/or dust, can also be used away from protected installations, such as test or maintenance facilities, in training areas and in realistically simulating operational maneuvers, without its functionality being impaired by the prevailing conditions there. It is possible for the user interface, the ignition interface and/or the housing to be sealed from one another, e.g., via gaskets. It is also possible for the user interface, the ignition interface and/or the housing to be connected to one another in a vibration-proof manner. The processing electronics can be arranged in a fixed position relative to the housing and/or the user interface in a protective manner within the housing.

It has proven particularly effective when the projectile replica is designed as a training cartridge for use during military training of soldiers on the launching system, as a test cartridge for verifying the functionality of the launching system, and/or as a measuring cartridge for measuring signals, particularly ignition signals, from the launching system. The various cartridges each have a launching system-specific ignition interface and a cartridge-specific user interface. It is possible that the various cartridges have a cross-sectional, i.e., essentially identical, processing electronics.

The user interface of the training cartridge can have an optical signaling device for signaling the user signal. It is possible for the signaling device of the training cartridge to display the user signal for at least 5 seconds, preferably at least 10 seconds, and particularly preferably between 20 seconds and 40 seconds. The time-limited output of the user signal via the optical signaling device can simulate a smoke screen, for example, by releasing a smoke grenade. Thus, a user, e.g., an instructor and/or a soldier undergoing training, can output the user signal for the duration of time for which a real smoke screen would exist due to the release of a smoke grenade. The user interface of the training cartridge can have a manually operable reset device, via which a separator of the training cartridge can be reset. The reset device can be used to simulate and train the reloading process of the replica grenade into a launching cup.

The user interface of the test cartridge can have a first signaling means, which signals a user signal in response to a tapped ignition signal. The first signaling means can be designed as an optical signaling means with a light source or as a haptic signaling means. The user interface of the test cartridge can have a second, in particular optical, signaling means, via which the polarity of one or more pole pairs can be displayed depending on the tapped ignition signal. It is also conceivable that two signaling means are provided for this purpose. The user interface of the test cartridge can have a manually actuatable reset means, via which a disconnector of the test cartridge can be reset. The disconnector of the test cartridge can be triggered depending on an ignition signal, so that further tapping of ignition signals via the ignition interface can be prevented. The test cartridge can further have a switch actuation, via which a switch of the test cartridge, by means of which the ignition signal can be selectively transmitted via a first or can be tapped via a second pair of poles of the ignition interface.

The user interface of the measuring cartridge may have an electrical connection.

In the projectile replica designed as a measuring cartridge, it can be provided that the tapped ignition signal can be output unprocessed as a user signal. The user signal then corresponds to the ignition signal, thus avoiding signal corruption. Direct analysis of the ignition signal can thus be possible. It is possible for the ignition signal to be transmitted directly from the ignition interface to the user interface, for example, via a direct electrical connection. It is also possible for the processing electronics to forward the ignition signal unprocessed, whereby electrical components such as capacitors, resistors, etc., can be bypassed during this transmission.

In addition to the projectile replica described above, including the advantageous design options, a modular system according to claim 10 for forming different projectile replicas for inclusion in a launch cup of a military launching system with several projectile system-specific ignition interfaces, several purpose-specific user interfaces and a common processing electronics is also proposed to achieve the above-mentioned object, wherein an ignition interface, depending on the launching system, and a user interface, depending on the intended use, can be connected to the common processing electronics to form a projectile replica.

The projectile replicas that can be created using such a modular system can have one or more of the features mentioned in connection with the projectile replica. Accordingly, the above The advantages discussed above apply equally to the modular system. The modelable projectile replicas can be designed, in particular, as training, test, or measuring cartridges.

Furthermore, to achieve the above-mentioned object, a launching system according to claim 11 for launching military projectiles is proposed, comprising at least one launching cup for receiving a military projectile, an ignition signal generator arranged in the launching cup for igniting the projectile introduced into the launching cup by means of an ignition signal, and a projectile replica introduced into the launching cup instead of the projectile, wherein the projectile replica has an ignition interface for tapping the electrical ignition signal and a user interface for outputting an optical, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal depending on the ignition signal. The projectile replica of the launching system can have one or more features mentioned in connection with the projectile replica; the advantages discussed above apply accordingly.

In addition to the projectile replica according to the invention, the modular system according to the invention and the launching system according to the invention, a method according to claim 12 for operating a military launching system with a projectile replica is also proposed, in which the projectile replica is introduced into a launch cup of the military launching system, an electrical ignition signal from the launching system is tapped via the ignition interface of the projectile replica, and an optical, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal is output via the user interface of the projectile replica depending on the ignition signal. The projectile replica can have one or more of the aforementioned features. The launching system can likewise have one or more of the aforementioned features. The advantages discussed above apply.

In connection with this method, it has proven effective for the processing electronics to extend the signaling of the user signal via the signaling device(s) in time compared to the duration of the ignition signal tapped via the ignition interface. This allows even short ignition signals, such as short ignition pulses, to be output as user signals, which can simplify the recognition of a signal by a user, for example, signaled via a signaling device.

Advantageously, the isolator of the processing electronics is triggered in response to the ignition signal picked up via the ignition interface and interrupts the electrical connection between at least two electrical contacts of the ignition interface, in particular in such a way that no further ignition signals are picked up via the ignition interface. This prevents another electrical ignition signal from flowing through the projectile replica. This can prevent an error message from the projectile system, particularly in the case where the projectile system uses a residual current to check for the failure of projectiles to fire.

In this context, it has proven effective to initiate a further ignition signal, particularly in the form of a residual current, after the first ignition signal from the launching system to check for a misfired projectile, and to register the electrical connection interrupted by the isolator as the release of the replica projectile. The projectile is expelled from the launching body during release, destroying a primer through which the first ignition signal flows. This can be registered by a further ignition signal from the launching system. Since the replica projectile remains in the launch cup after the first ignition signal and is not released, the release can be simulated by the isolator. The second ignition signal can have a lower current than the first ignition signal. In particular, the current of the second ignition signal is at least 5 times lower, preferably at least 10 times lower.

It can advantageously be provided that the isolator is manually reset via the reset element, in particular by pressing or tilting, and the electrical connection between the electrical contacts of the ignition interface is re-established. This allows a firing signal to be picked up again, for example, to pick up another firing signal. Particularly in training situations, it can be provided that the releasing of a projectile is simulated via the triggering isolator, and the reloading process is simulated by resetting the isolator.

It has also proven useful to simulate a training mission using a projectile replica designed as a training cartridge, during which the signaling device(s) of the projectile replica signal, in particular indicate, the actuation of an ignition signal generator of the launching system for at least 5 seconds, preferably for 10 to 30 seconds, and particularly preferably for 16 to 24 seconds, wherein the signaling device is at least partially powered by energy from the energy storage device, and/or the reloading of a projectile is simulated by manually resetting the separator via the reset element of the projectile replica. By outputting the user signal for a longer period than the ignition signal, it can be more easily registered, for example by an instructor.

Advantageously, a test of the launching system is carried out using a launching body replica designed as a test cartridge, wherein one or more signaling means of the launching body replica signal, in particular indicate, the actuation of the launching system, in particular an ignition signal generator of the launching system, and/or one or more signaling means of the The projectile replica signals, in particular displays, the polarity of the first pole pair and/or the second pole pair depending on the picked-up ignition signal and/or the isolator is triggered in response to the ignition signal of the projectile system, so that the electrical connection between at least two electrical contacts of the ignition interface is interrupted.

In this context, it has proven effective to use the user interface switch on the projectile replica designed as a test cartridge, and then use the processing electronics switch to tap the ignition signal either via the first or second pair of poles of the ignition interface. This allows the projectile replica to simulate different types of projectiles. For example, it is possible to tap the ignition signal for firing smoke grenades via the first pair of poles, and the ignition signal for firing explosive devices via the second pair of poles.

It may further be provided that a measuring device is connected to the electrical connection of the user interface and the ignition signal is measured with the measuring device.

It has also proven effective to measure the firing signal of the launching system using a simulated projectile designed as a measuring cartridge. This allows the firing signal to be read out, stored, measured, and/or otherwise verified. The electrical firing signal can be output unchanged as an electrical user signal. For the simulated projectile designed as a measuring cartridge, the user signal can accordingly be a useful signal.

Fig. 1

eine Wurfanlage,

Fig. 2

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Munitionskörpernachbildung,

Fig. 3

die Munitionskörpernachbildung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Explosionsdarstellung,

Fig. 4a, b, c

Detaildarstellungen einer Zündschnittstelle der Munitionskörpernachbildung gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 5

unterschiedliche Ausführungsbeispiele von Munitionskörpernachbildungen,

Fig. 6

einen schematischen Blockschaltplan einer als Prüfkartusche ausgestalteten Munitionskörpernachbildung und

Fig. 7

ein erfindungsgemäßes Baukastensystem.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are discussed below in conjunction with the figures, in which:

Fig. 1

a throwing facility,

Fig. 2

a first embodiment of an ammunition body replica,

Fig. 3

the ammunition body replica according to Fig. 1 in an exploded view,

Fig. 4a, b, c

Detailed representations of an ignition interface of the ammunition body replica according to Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 5

different designs of ammunition body replicas,

Fig. 6

a schematic block diagram of an ammunition body replica designed as a test cartridge and

Fig. 7

an inventive modular system.

Fig. 1 represents a launching system 28 that can be mounted on military vehicles, such as tanks, to protect the vehicle from enemy units by launching projectiles 30. For example, smoke grenades can be launched from the launching system 28 to create a smokescreen around the vehicle and thus protect it from fire. Explosive projectiles, such as explosive grenades, can also be launched to fire on nearby enemy units.

To launch such projectiles 30, the launching system 28 has four launch cups 29, each of which can accommodate a projectile 30. A number of launch cups 29 other than four is also possible. The projectiles 30 not shown in the figure are designed such that they correspond to the launch cups 29. The projectiles 30 are inserted into the launch cups 29 before or during use and can be fired from there by initiating an ignition signal Z. The ignition signal Z is initiated by an ignition signal generator 31 of the launching system 28 arranged in the launch cup 29 when a user in the vehicle actuates the launching system 28 accordingly.

Fig. 2 represents a first embodiment of a projectile replica 1 according to the invention. The projectile replica 1 can be inserted into the launching cup 29 of the military launching system 28 by being received by the launching cup 29 instead of the projectile 30. The projectile replica 1 is largely modeled on the military projectile 30, particularly in its geometric design, in order to be able to be inserted into the launching cup 29 accordingly.

The propellant-free projectile replica 1 has an ignition interface 2 and a user interface 12. An ignition signal Z from the launching system 28 can be tapped via the ignition interface 2 when the projectile replica 1 is arranged in the launching cup 29. The user interface 12 enables the output of a user signal N depending on the tapped ignition signal Z, so that a user can register the user signal N accordingly.

The ignition interface 2, which is described in detail in the Fig. 4a to 4c shown, has two electrical contacts 3 for contacting an ignition signal generator 31 of the launching system 28. The contacts 3 are designed as conductive contact rings and contact in the radial direction.

The contacts 3 each form a pole, so that both contacts 3 together form a pole pair 4. One of the contacts 3 functions as the positive pole and the other contact 3 as the negative pole for picking up the electrical ignition signal.

In addition to the electrical contacts 3, the ignition interface 2 has two insulating rings 5. The insulating rings 5 are essentially geometrically identical to the contact rings, but are made of a non-conductive material, such as plastic.

As can be seen particularly from the Fig. 4a to 4c As can be seen, the ignition interface 2 has a base body 6 for arranging the electrical contacts 3 and the insulating rings 5. The base body 6 is cylindrical in shape, similar to an engine piston. Accordingly, the cylindrical base body 6 is open toward one end face 6.4 and closed toward an opposite end face 6.4. Inside, the base body 6 has a cavity 6.5.

The contacts 3 designed as contact rings are arranged on the outer surface 6.1 of the base body 6 on the outside, one behind the other in the axial direction 6.2, see. Fig. 4a . The insulating rings 5 are arranged equally on the outer surface 6.1 of the base body 6.

According to Fig. 4c For assembly, the contacts 3 and the insulating rings 5 can be pushed onto the base body 6 from an end face 6.4 of the base body 6 without any additional tools. To simplify assembly, the base body 6 has a diameter change 7 on an end face 6.4, against which the bottom ring of the contacts 3 or the insulating rings 5 or a spacer 8 rests. The diameter change 7, i.e. the enlarged diameter, functions as an assembly stop.

In order that the contacts 3 can be arranged electrically separated from one another on the base body 6, a spacer 8 is arranged between the contacts 3 and the insulating rings 5, which in Fig. 4a recognizable, in Fig. 4c however, are not shown. The exemplary embodiment has a total of four spacers 8.

A fixing ring 9, which is pushed onto the base body 6 in the same way, serves to fix the contacts 3, the insulating rings 5, and the spacers 8 to the base body 6. The fixing ring 9 can be arranged on the base body 6 detachably, for example by clamping or screwing, or permanently, for example by gluing.

Although the Fig. 2 to 4c Since the ignition interface 2 shown has two contacts 3, it is possible to interchange the contacts 3 and the insulating rings 5 as desired. This allows the ignition interface 2 to be easily adapted to the respective launching cup 29 of the launching system 28. For example, it is possible to exchange one of the insulating rings 5 for another contact 3 designed as a contact ring in order to adapt the projectile replica 1 to a multi-contact launching cup 29 that can launch different types of projectiles 30. It is conceivable that this exchange can also be carried out subsequently without special tools.

Another component of the ignition interface 2 is a charging socket 10, see. Fig. 4b The loading socket 10 is arranged on the closed end face 6.4 of the base body 6 and is flush with this end face 6.4. This allows the ammunition replica to be placed down without the loading socket 10 coming into contact with a surface.

An electrical power source can be connected to the charging socket 10, for example via a cable, in order to charge an energy storage device 11 of the ammunition body replica.

It is possible for multiple projectile replicas 1 to be connected to and charged by a common electrical power source, such as a charging station. The charging station can charge one or more projectile replicas 1. The charging station can be stationary and/or portable. Other power sources for charging are also conceivable.

For quick, detachable connection, the charging socket 10 is designed as a bayonet connector, although other configurations, such as a plug-in and/or screw connection, are also possible. The charging socket 10 can be protected from environmental influences by a protective cap. The function and purpose of the energy storage device 11 will be described below in a different context.

First, however, we will use Fig. 2 the user interface 12 will be discussed in more detail.

The user interface 12 enables the output of an optical user signal N depending on the ignition signal. In principle, it is possible for the user interface 12 to also output electrical, acoustic, and/or haptic user signals N. For example, it is conceivable for the user interface 12 to have an alarm that outputs an acoustic user signal N depending on the ignition signal Z. Likewise, a haptic user signal N could be output by a toggle switch that can be moved between different positions. The user signal N can also be output as an electrical user signal N and read out, for example, via a connection 15 using a measuring device.

The user interface 12 has a signaling device 13. The optical signaling device 13 can display the user signal N to a user. For this purpose, the signaling device 13 has a light-emitting diode (not shown in detail). Depending on requirements, several identical or different light-emitting devices 14 can be provided, for example to increase the luminosity. Depending on the ignition signal Z, the light-emitting device 14 emits light, so that the user signal N is optically displayed accordingly via the signaling device 14. Through the signaling, the user can, for example, register that an ignition signal Z has been picked up.

In order to be able to output the firing signal Z from the firing interface 2 as a user signal N of the user interface 12, the ammunition body replica has Fig. 3 processing electronics 18. The processing electronics 18 are spatially arranged between the ignition interface 2 and the user interface 12 and electrically connect them. To contact the processing electronics 18 with the ignition interface 2, the ignition interface 2 has a contact pin for each electrical contact 3 and insulating ring 5, see. Fig. 3 and 4a .

The processing electronics 18 is designed as a printed circuit board and has several different electronic components.

The processing electronics 18 initially comprises the energy storage device 11 already mentioned above. The energy storage device 11 of the exemplary embodiment is designed as a supercapacitor, although capacitors, batteries, and accumulators are equally conceivable. The energy storage device 11 can be charged via the charging socket 10 of the ignition interface 2 by an external power source. The energy storage device 11 can also be charged at least partially via the electrical ignition signal Z. It is also conceivable that the energy storage device 11 can be charged via the electrical contacts 3 of the ignition point can be charged, for example by providing an additional electrical contact 3 for this purpose instead of an insulating ring 5.

The signaling device 13 of the user interface 12 can be supplied with power via the energy storage device 11, which is embodied here, for example, as a supercapacitor. This enables even short-duration ignition signals Z to be output as user signals N for a sufficiently long time. The processing electronics 18 are thus configured such that the duration of the signaling of the user signal N via the signaling device 13 can be extended compared to the duration of the ignition signal Z. The energy for the signaling of the user signal N is provided at least partially by the energy storage device 11.

The processing electronics 18 further includes a disconnector 20, via which the electrical connection between the poles, i.e., the electrical contacts 3, of the ignition interface 2 can be interrupted. This prevents any ignition signal Z from being picked up via the ignition interface 2. The disconnector 20 can be triggered as soon as an ignition signal Z is picked up via the ignition interface 2. Interrupting the electrical connection by the disconnector 20 can have the following advantage: The disconnector 20 is designed as a fuse.

In known launching systems 28, it is often provided that after the first ignition signal Z has been issued by an ignition signal generator 31, a second, often weaker, signal Z, in particular in the form of a residual current, is triggered by the ignition signal generator 31. The first ignition signal Z can be initiated by the launching system 28 as a high-current pulse, e.g., with at least three amperes. By measuring the second ignition signal Z, the launching system 28 can then determine whether a projectile 30 has been fired or is still in the launch cup 29, e.g., if there has been a misfire of the projectile 30. The second ignition signal Z can thus detect ignition failures, i.e., projectiles 30 which have misfired The second ignition signal Z can be initiated in the form of a residual current, e.g., with less than 100 milliamperes.

The separator 20 of the projectile replica 1 can simulate the ignition of the projectile 30 by preventing the second ignition signal Z of the launching system 28 from being transmitted through the projectile replica 1, just like a released projectile 30. However, the projectile replica 1 remains within the launch cup 29. Firing or ignition can thus be simulated by triggering the separator 20. The launching system 28 does not register any errors due to a suspected misfire and/or ignition failure. For the launching system 28, the projectile replica 1 is considered to have been fired by the triggered separator 20.

In order to reset the triggered disconnector 20 in a user-friendly manner and to restore the connection between the contacts 3 of the ignition interface 2, the user interface 12 has a reset element 17, see. Fig. 2 and 3 The reset element 17 is designed as a pressure-actuated button, although alternative designs, such as a toggle switch, are also conceivable. It is also possible to reset the isolator 20 by pulling it out of and then placing it into a launch cup 29. The reset element 17 is protected from external environmental influences by a rubber sleeve. The reset element 17 is coaxial with the main axis of the user interface 12 and the ignition interface 2.

According to Fig. 3 The user interface 12 and the processing electronics 18 are connected to each other as a first assembly unit 22. The user interface 12 can be detachably connected to the processing electronics 18, in particular by screwing. The ignition interface 2 forms a second assembly unit 23, which is connected to the first assembly unit 22. can be connected via a housing 21. The mounting units 22, 23 are detachably screwed to the housing 21. The mounting units 22, 23 enable particularly easy assembly of the projectile replica 1.

The housing 21 is designed as a tubular housing 21. When assembled, the processing electronics 18 are accommodated inside the housing 21, see. Fig. 2 , so that it is protected from environmental influences. The user interface 12 is arranged on one end face of the housing 21 via a flange connection in a cover-like manner. The ignition interface 2 is arranged on an opposite end face of the housing 21 via a flange connection in a cover-like manner.

The projectile replica 1 is hardened, making it particularly robust against influences such as environmental influences, moisture, vibrations, etc. This allows the projectile replica 1 to be used even under harsh conditions, for example, in a training mission. The housing 21, the user interface 12, and the ignition interface 2 can be at least partially made of hardened material.

Three different embodiments of the projectile replica 1 according to the invention are shown in Fig. 5 The first embodiment shown on the left corresponds to the embodiment of the Fig. 2 to 4c .

The projectile replica 1 of the first embodiment is designed as a training cartridge 24. The training cartridge 24 is suitable for training on the launching system 28, as it can be inserted into a launching cup 29 instead of a projectile 30 and can signal the activation of the launching system 28 during a training mission. Training missions can be carried out, for example, as live training in the field. For example, it is possible for a soldier in training to activate the launching device 28 and for the triggering of the firing signal Z to be indicated to an instructor and/or an opposing exercise participant, i.e. another soldier in training, via the signaling device 13 of the training cartridge 24.

For example, it may be provided that a soldier inside a military vehicle operates the launching system 28 and an instructor at a distance from the vehicle perceives the user signal N emitted as a function of the firing signal Z initiated by the soldier. This allows the instructor to assess the operation of the launching system 28 by the soldier, for example, whether the soldier activated the launching system 28 at an appropriate time.

In addition, another soldier undergoing training who is also participating in the exercise can also perceive the emitted user signal N. This allows the soldier to register that the vehicle has been fogged by the activation of the launcher 28, making firing at the vehicle ineffective. As soon as the output of the user signal N, e.g., in the form of light via the illuminating device 14 of the signaling device 13, is terminated, the soldier registers that the vehicle is now visible again and thus vulnerable to attack.

Furthermore, due to the time-limited output of the user signal N, the opposing exercise participant cannot determine which of the ammunition replicas 1 have already been activated. As soon as the output of the user signal N ends, it is no longer possible for the opposing exercise participant to determine which of the ammunition replicas 1 have already been activated. As a result, the opposing exercise participant remains unclear about the loading status of the launch system 28, as would be the case in a real operation with projectiles 30.

As already discussed above, the tapped ignition signal Z can be extended by the processing electronics 18 so that a longer user signal N can be output via the signaling device 13. It has proven useful in practice if the user signal N is output via the optical signaling device 13 for at least 15 seconds, preferably for at least 20 seconds, and particularly preferably for 20 seconds to 40 seconds. This period of time corresponds approximately to the fogging time of a smoke grenade 30 released by a launching system 28 and is sufficient for an instructor and/or another training participant to register the signal and see how long the vehicle would be fogged. The total area of the signaling device 13 in the training cartridge can be at least 5 ^cm² . As an alternative to one signaling device 13, it is also possible to provide a plurality of signaling devices 13, such as four signaling devices 13, for signaling the user signal N.

The energy for outputting the user signal N can be provided at least partially from the energy storage device 11. For this purpose, the energy storage device 11 can be charged via the charging socket 10 of the ignition interface 2 before use.

In connection with the training cartridge 24, the separator 20 already described above, which prevents errors in the launching system 28 due to alleged misfire, has another function.

The isolator 20 is triggered by an ignition signal Z picked up via the ignition interface 2 and interrupts the electrical connection between the contacts 3 of the ignition point. The picked up ignition signal Z is output as a light from the signaling device 13 for a specific time. If another ignition is initiated by the launching system 28, the ignition signal Z is no longer picked up by the ignition point due to the interrupted electrical connection, and accordingly, no user signal N is output.

In order to be able to display a user signal N again via the signaling device 13, the reset element 17 must first be actuated. By actuating the reset element 17, the separator 20 can be reset and the projectile replica 1 can be used again. Actuating the reset element 17 can thus simulate a reloading process.

During a training mission, each missile replica 1 configured as a training cartridge 24 can first simulate an ignition process before the separator 20 of the missile replica 1 must be reset via the reset element 17. In addition to the timely release of missiles 30 with the launching system 28, the reloading process during combat can also be simulated and trained accordingly.

It is also possible for the separator 20 to simulate the charge level of the launching system 28. For example, during training exercises, it can be displayed which launching cups 29 are still charged or have already been released and need to be recharged accordingly. It is conceivable that resetting the separator 20 via the reset element 17 could change the charge level of the launching system 28 by indicating to the trainee a charged launching cup 29.

The training cartridge 24 is fully hardened for use in training missions.

The representation of the Fig. 5 The projectile replica 1 shown on the right is designed as a measuring cartridge 26. The essential structure of the measuring cartridge 26 is the same as that described above in connection with the first embodiment, which is why only the differences will be discussed below.

The projectile replica 1 differs from the first embodiment in the design of the user interface 12. The ignition interface 2, however, is designed identically. The processing electronics 18 are also designed identically, but can also be designed differently.

The projectile replica 1, designed as a measuring cartridge 26, has an electrical connection 15 for outputting an electrical user signal N. A measuring device, such as an oscilloscope, can be connected to the electrical connection 15. The user signal N can be tapped via the electrical connection 15 as a function of the ignition signal Z, for example to read out, record, measure and/or otherwise check the ignition signal Z. It is possible for the ignition signal Z to be output as a user signal N without processing by the processing electronics 18 of the projectile replica 1. The ignition signal Z can be output as a user signal N either untransformed or transformed, e.g. extended. The measuring cartridge 26 makes it possible to check the ignition signal Z of the launching system 28, in particular of the ignition signal generator 31.

The electrical connector 15 is designed as a BNC connector. The external measuring device can be connected via a bayonet connection.

To protect connector 15 from external influences, such as dirt or moisture during storage, it is covered with a protective cap. The protective cap is secured to the user interface 12 via a chain (only partially shown in the illustration).

The representation of the Fig. 5 The projectile replica 1 shown in the middle is designed as a test cartridge 25. The essential structure of the test cartridge 25 is the same as that described above in connection with the first The structure explained in the first embodiment (training cartridge 24) and the second embodiment (measuring cartridge 26) is the same, which is why only the differences will be discussed below.

In the projectile replica 1 designed as a test cartridge 25, the ignition cartridge has three electrical contacts 3 designed as contact rings. The first and second electrical contacts 3.1, 3.2 form a first pole pair 4, with one of the contacts 3.1, 3.2 forming the positive pole and the other contact forming the negative pole.

However, in order to also be able to test launching systems 28 with multi-contact launch cups 29, in particular three-contact launch cups 29, with the test cartridge 25, the first and third electrical contacts 3.1, 3.3 form a second pole pair 4. With multi-contact launch cups 29, different types of projectiles 30 can be fired or released by the ignition signal generator 31 being able to transmit different ignition signals Z to the projectile 30 via different ignition signal generator contacts. The three electrical contacts 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 thus allow ignition signals Z to be picked up selectively via the first or second pole pair 4.

To select which of the pole pairs 4 the firing signal Z is to be tapped via, the processing electronics 18 has a switch 19. The switch 19 allows the firing signal Z to be tapped either via the first pole pair 4 or via the second pole pair 4. The switch 19 thus enables the projectile replica 1 to simulate different types of projectiles, for example, smoke grenades 30 or explosive projectiles 30 such as explosive grenades. The switch 19 can enable the projectile replica 1 to be used for 2-contact or 3-contact launch systems.

The switch 19 can be actuated via a switch actuator 16, see. Fig. 5 . The switch actuator 16 is designed as part of the user interface 12. The switch actuator 16 is designed as a toggle switch and can be moved back and forth between different positions.

The user interface 12 of the Fig. 5 The projectile replica 1 shown in the center has two signaling devices 13.1, 13.2 for checking the polarity of the first or second test pair. The signaling devices 13.1, 13.2 of the projectile replica 1 are designed as optical signaling devices 13, each with at least one illuminating device 14 in the form of an LED. The colors of the LEDs of the signaling devices 13.1, 13.2 are different in order to signal correct or incorrect polarity of the pole pairs 4 by means of a tapped ignition signal Z. One LED is red, the other LED is green.

By checking the polarity, it is possible to determine the direction in which the current of the electrical ignition signal Z flows through the projectile replica 1. It is therefore possible to determine which of the electrical contacts 3 serves as the input for the ignition signal Z and which of the electrical contacts 3 serves as the output for the ignition signal Z. Since the ignition signal Z is initiated by the launch system 28 or the ignition signal generator 31, it is possible to determine whether the polarity of the ignition signal generator 31 is correct by checking the polarity of the test pairs. In the event that, for example, the ignition signal generator 31 has the wrong polarity, i.e., reversed polarity, the ignition signal Z is tapped in the unintended direction by the ignition interface 2 of the projectile replica 1, and the incorrect polarity is signaled via the signaling device 13.2, e.g., by the red LED lighting up. If the polarity is correct, the user signal N is signaled via the signaling device 13.1, e.g., by the green LED lighting up. The polarity of the launching system 28, in particular of the ignition signal generator 31, can be checked with the projectile replica 1 designed as a test cartridge 25.

The pole test can also be provided if the projectile replica 1 has only two contacts 3 and thus only one pair of poles 4.

The user interface 12 further comprises a further signaling means 13.3. The optical signaling means 13 also comprises a light source 14 in the form of an LED and is designed similarly to the signaling means 13 of the first embodiment. The signaling means 13.3 enables the signaling of whether an ignition signal Z has been detected. It is possible for the duration of the signaling of the user signal N to be extended compared to the duration of the ignition signal Z. In this case, a signaling duration of up to 10 seconds is provided, preferably between 1 second and 3 seconds, and particularly preferably between 1 second and 2 seconds.

The user interface 12 further includes a reset element 17 for resetting a separator 20. In the test cartridge 25, the separator 20 particularly enables the prevention of errors in the launching system 28, as already described above. Alternatively, it is also possible for a haptic user signal N to be output via the reset element 17, for example, by moving the reset element 17 as a switch 19 from one position to another as soon as the separator 20 is triggered due to the tapped ignition signal Z. The reset element 17 can therefore also function as a signaling device 13.

In Fig. 6 A schematic block diagram of the projectile replica 1 designed as a test cartridge is shown as an example.

As already described above, the projectile replica 1 initially comprises the processing electronics 18. If required, components of the user interface 12, such as signaling means 13, switch actuators 16, reset elements 17, etc., can be connected to the processing electronics 18. It is conceivable that the processing electronics 18 has well-known connection options, such as jack plugs, etc.

According to Fig. 6 The user interface 12 initially has three signaling devices 13, each of which is connected to the processing electronics 18. The signaling devices 13 each have at least one illuminating device 14 (not shown in the illustration). The signaling devices 13.1, 13.2 serve to signal whether the polarity of the ignition signal generator 31 is correct, as already discussed above. The signaling device 13.3 signals whether an ignition signal Z is or was picked up via the ignition interface 2.

The user interface 12 further includes the switch actuator 16, which is also connected to the processing electronics 18. The switch actuator 16 can be used to actuate the switch 19, which is configured as part of the processing electronics 18. The switch 19 can be arranged directly on a circuit board of the processing electronics 18.

The switch 19 can be used to switch back and forth between the pole pairs 4 of the ignition interface 2, so that an ignition signal Z can be picked up either via contacts 3.1, 3.2 or contacts 3.1, 3.3. It is possible for the user interface 12 to have at least one further signaling device 13, which signals via which pole pair 4 an ignition signal Z is picked up. It is also possible for the switch actuation 16 itself to function as a signaling device 13, for example, by marking the respective positions of the switch actuation 16 accordingly (e.g., position one: first pole pair 4, position two: second pole pair 4).

The user interface 12 also has the reset element 17. The reset element 17 is connected to the separator 20 of the processing electronics 18 This allows the isolator 20 to be reset via the reset element 17. The isolator 20 triggers as soon as an ignition signal Z is picked up via the ignition interface 2, so that initially no further ignition signal Z can be picked up via the ignition interface 2.

The separator 20 is designed as part of the processing electronics 18. The separator 20 can be arranged directly on a circuit board of the processing electronics 18, cf., for example, Fig. 3 , or otherwise connected to the electrical contacts 3 in order to interrupt their current flow.

The processing electronics 18 further includes the energy storage device 11. The energy storage device 11 can be configured as part of the processing electronics 18 and arranged, for example, directly on a circuit board of the processing electronics 18, or it can be configured as a separate component that is, for example, electrically connected to the processing electronics 18.

The ignition interface 2 of the projectile replica 1, which is electrically connected to the processing electronics 18, has the charging socket 10. The charging socket 10 is connected to the energy storage device 11 in such a way that the latter can be charged via the charging socket 10 using an external energy source. The signaling devices 13 can be at least partially supplied with energy via the energy storage device 11.

The ignition interface 2 further has three electrical contacts 3.1, 3.2, 3.3. The electrical contacts 3.1, 3.2 form the first pole pair 4. The electrical contacts 3.1, 3.3 form the second pole pair 4. An ignition signal Z can be tapped optionally via the first or second pole pair 4. This can be adjusted via the switch 19, which can be actuated via the switch actuator 16.

The block diagram according to Fig. 6 shows an example of a possible structure of the projectile replica 1 designed as a test cartridge. It is self-evident that various types of user interfaces 12 and ignition interfaces 2 can be connected to the processing electronics 18, and that the invention is not limited to the examples shown here. Furthermore, the processing electronics 18 can also include a microcontroller capable of performing simple operations.

Fig. 7 shows a modular system 27 according to the invention for forming different projectile replicas 1. The projectile replica 1 corresponds to the embodiments described above, but the formation of other projectile replicas 1 is also conceivable.

The modular system 27 initially comprises an ignition interface 2. The ignition interface 2 is designed specifically for the launching system. Depending on the launching system 28, the ignition interface 2 must be selected; for example, larger or smaller ignition interfaces 2 can be selected or adapted; for example, insulating rings 5 can be replaced with electrical contacts 3.

The modular system 27 further comprises processing electronics 18. The processing electronics 18 are designed identically for all types of projectile replicas 1. In this respect, it is a cross-sectional processing electronics 18. The advantage of this is the reduction of components in production and that the projectile replica 1 can be easily converted. It is also conceivable to provide individual processing electronics 18.

In Fig. 7 the processing electronics 18 is provided with a user interface 12 for forming a projectile replica designed as a test cartridge 25 1. The processing electronics 18 and the user interface 12 form an assembly unit 22. The user interface 12 may be optionally interchangeable depending on the intended use. For this purpose, the processing electronics 18 is detached from the user interface 12 and replaced with a differently configured user interface 12, for example, to form a training cartridge 24 or a measuring cartridge 26.

A housing 21 of the modular system 27 is designed the same for all projectile replicas 1.

By utilizing cross-sectional processing electronics 18, launch system-specific ignition interfaces 2, and purpose-specific user interfaces 12, the number of components during production can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to adapt the launch vehicle replica 1 as needed. No special tools are required for this.

Reference symbols:

1

Projectile replica

2

Ignition interface

3

Electrical contact

3.1

Electrical contact

3.2

Electrical contact

3.3

Electrical contact

4

pole pair

5

Insulating ring

6

Basic body

6.1

lateral surface

6.2

Axial direction

6.4

front side

6.5

cavity

7

Diameter change

8

spacers

9

Fixing ring

10

Charging socket

11

Energy storage

12

User interface

13

Signaling devices

13.1

Signaling devices

13.2

Signaling devices

13.3

Signaling devices

14

Light bulbs

15

Electrical connection

16

Switch operation

17

Reset element

18

Processing electronics

19

Switch

20

separator

21

Housing

22

assembly unit

23

assembly unit

24

Training cartridge

25

test cartridge

26

measuring cartridge

27

modular system

28

throwing facility

29

throwing cup

30

Projectile

31

ignition signal generator

Z

ignition signal

N

User signal

Claims (15)

1. Projectile replica for insertion into a launching cup (29) of a military launching system (28) with an ignition interface (2) for tapping an electrical ignition signal (Z) of the launching system (28) and

   with a user interface (12) for outputting a visual, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal (N) as a function of the ignition signal (Z), characterized by

   processing electronics (18) for processing the ignition signal (Z) tapped via the ignition interface (2) into the modified user signal (N) output via the user interface (12).
2. Projectile replica according to claim 1, characterized in that the user interface (12) has one or more signalling means (13) for signalling the user signal (N).
3. Projectile replica according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the user interface (12) has an electrical connection (15) for connecting a measuring device.
4. Projectile replica according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ignition interface (2) has one or more electrical contacts (3) for contacting an ignition signal transmitter (31) of the launching system (28) which emits the ignition signal (Z).
5. Projectile replica according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ignition interface (2) has a first electrical contact (3.1), a second electrical contact (3.2) and a third electrical contact (3.3) for contacting an ignition signal transmitter (31) of the launching system (28), the first and second electrical contacts (3. 1, 3.2) are designed as a first pair of poles (4) for tapping a first ignition signal (Z) of the ignition signal transmitter (31) and the first and third electrical contacts (3.1, 3.3) are designed as a second pair of poles (4) for tapping a second ignition signal (Z) of the ignition signal transmitter (31).
6. Projectile replica according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the processing electronics (18) have various electrical components, in particular capacitors, resistors and/or a microcontroller.
7. Projectile replica according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an energy store (11), via which one or more of the signal means (13) can be at least partially supplied with current, can be at least partially charged via the electrical ignition signal (Z) of the launching system (28) and/or via a charging socket (10) for connection to an external power source and/or via one or more of the electrical contacts (3) of the ignition interface (2).
8. Projectile replica according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the processing electronics (18) have an isolator (20) via which the electrical connection between at least two of the electrical contacts (3) of the ignition interface (2) can be interrupted in such a way that no more ignition signal (Z) can be tapped via the ignition interface (2).
9. Projectile replica according to claim 5, characterized in that the processing electronics (18) have a switch (19) by means of which the ignition signal (Z) can be picked up optionally via the first or via the second pole pair (4) of the ignition interface (2).
10. Modular system for the formation of different projectile replicas (1) according to one of the preceding claims for reception in a launching cup (29) of a military launching system (28),
    characterized by
    a plurality of launching system-specific ignition interfaces (2) for tapping an electrical ignition signal (Z) of the launching system (28), a plurality of purpose-specific user interfaces (12) for outputting an optical, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal (N) as a function of the ignition signal (Z), and common processing electronics (18) for processing the ignition signal (Z) tapped via the ignition interface (2) into the modified user signal (N) output via the user interface (12), modified user signal (N) output via the user interface (12), wherein optionally, depending on the launching system (28), an ignition interface (2) and, depending on the intended use, a user interface (12) can be connected to the common processing electronics (18) to form a projectile replica (1).
11. Launching system for launching military projectiles (30), having at least one launching cup (29) for receiving a military projectile (30), an ignition signal generator (31) arranged in the launching cup (29) for igniting the projectile (30) placed in the launching cup (29) by means of an ignition signal (Z), and a projectile replica (1) placed in the launching cup (29) in place of the projectile (30), the projectile replica (1) having an ignition interface (2) for tapping the electrical ignition signal (Z) and a user interface (12) for outputting an optical, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal (N) as a function of the ignition signal (Z),
    characterized in
    in that the projectile replica (1) has processing electronics (18) for processing the ignition signal (Z) tapped via the ignition interface (2) into the modified user signal (N) output via the user interface (12).
12. Method for operating a military launching system (28) with a projectile replica (1) designed according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the projectile replica (1) is placed in a launching cup (29) of the military launching system (28), an electrical ignition signal (Z) of the launching system (28) is tapped via the ignition interface (2) of the projectile replica (1) and an optical, electrical, acoustic and/or haptic user signal (N) is output via the user interface (12) of the projectile replica (1) as a function of the ignition signal (Z).
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a training mission is simulated with a projectile replica (1) designed as a training cartridge (24), during which the signal means (3) of the projectile replica (1) signal the actuation of a firing signal transmitter (31) of the launching system (28) for at least 5 seconds, preferably for at least 10 seconds and particularly preferably for 20 to 40 seconds, wherein the signaling means (3) is operated at least partially by energy from the energy store (11), and/or the reloading of a projectile (30) is simulated by the manual resetting of the separator (20) via the resetting element (17) of the projectile replica (1).
14. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a test of the launching system (28) is carried out with a projectile replica (1) designed as a test cartridge (25), one or more signal means (13) of the projectile replica (1) signaling, in particular indicating, the actuation of the launching system (28), in particular of an ignition signal generator (31) of the launching system (28), and/or one or more signal means (13. 1, 13.2) of the projectile replica (1) signal, in particular indicate, the polarity of the first pole pair (4) and/or of the second pole pair (4) as a function of the tapped ignition signal (Z), and/or the disconnector (20) triggers in response to the ignition signal (Z) of the launching system (28), so that the electrical connection between at least two electrical contacts (3) of the ignition interface (2) is interrupted.
15. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a measurement of the ignition signal (Z) of the launching system (28) is carried out with a projectile replica (1) designed as a measuring cartridge (26) by measuring the ignition signal (Z) via a measuring device.

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