EP3967799B1 - Textile fibre rope comprising a plied yarn or core-sheath yarn and method of manufacturung such a yarn - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a rope made of textile fiber material, comprising a rope core and a sheath surrounding the rope core.

Fiber ropes are known from the state of the art for various applications. For example, fiber ropes are used to secure people as climbing ropes, cords or lanyards. Ropes can also be used in the mechanical field, for example as winch ropes. The ropes described here are all designed in such a way that they can have a diameter of 5 mm to 60 mm.

Depending on the desired application, the fiber ropes should have a predetermined cut resistance. For example, dynamic mountain ropes are used to secure the climber against falling and to brake a fall. Mountain ropes are used in alpine terrain, among other places, where they are often exposed to rock edges - both under static load and under dynamic fall load. It is clear that such ropes should have a high cut resistance in order to avoid accidents.

A solution to increase the service life of mountain ropes is described in the document FR 2 951 743 which shows a metal sleeve which is guided around a part of the rope. If the rope is to be laid around a sharp edge, the sleeve is guided over the rope in this area so that the sharp edge only acts on the sleeve and not on the textile rope.

The EP 0 150 702 A2 proposes to produce a mountain rope that is designed to be more durable when diverting around sharp edges. For this purpose, the rope core or the entire rope is wrapped, braided or spun with monofilaments or wires.

It is also known from the state of the art that high-strength fibers, especially aramid, generally have a higher cut resistance than conventional fibers such as polyamide. US 6,050,077 For example, it is known to produce a safety mountain rope which comprises a sheath consisting of a mixture of high-strength and non-high-strength fibres, which makes the rope better in the sharp edge test.

However, it has been found that the use of high-strength fibers also has disadvantages. In particular, high-strength fibers have very low elongation, making them poorly suited to braking a fall, i.e. absorbing energy through stretching.

Another disadvantage of fibers in general is that the cut resistance of the fibers decreases when the fibers are under tension. The highest cut resistance is therefore achieved when there is no tension. In the aforementioned applications, however, the ropes are usually under tension when cut, for example when the climber puts a load on the rope and it rubs against a rock edge.

The US 4 375 779 A discloses a sewing thread with a core and a sheath comprising threads each wound with a yarn. The JP 3 185821 B2 discloses a rope that shrinks in boiling water because the sheath contains at least 5% of a thermoplastic synthetic fiber. The DE 10 2011 017273 A1 shows a climbing rope with two rope sections. Special additional sheath threads are guided in the sheath in the first rope section and in the rope core in the second rope section. The DE 40 35 824 A1 describes a fiber rope with a core-sheath structure. The sheath can contain both low-stretch fibers and normal-stretch fibers.

The JP H07243138 A shows a thread with two yarns that shrink to different degrees under thermal influence. The GB 1 012 828 A discloses a method for producing twisted yarns, in particular for socks. An elastic yarn is stretched, heat-set and twisted with an inelastic yarn. The temperature is then reduced and the process is terminated. The US 2013/042593 A1 discloses a method for producing a hybrid yarn for car tires. The hybrid yarn is said to have two yarns with different tangent modules. To achieve this, the first yarn is fed at a lower speed than the second yarn during the yarn manufacturing process.

It is the object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a rope made of textile fiber material which has an increased cut resistance even under tension.

This object is achieved by a rope made of textile fiber material, comprising a rope core and a sheath surrounding the rope core, wherein the sheath, an intermediate sheath located between the sheath and the rope core and/or a reinforcement located between the sheath and the rope core comprises an excess length twisted yarn, the excess length twisted yarn being formed by comprising at least a first yarn and a second yarn which are twisted together, the first yarn having a greater length than the second yarn, measured in an untwisted state of a unit length of the twisted yarn.

The extra-long twisted yarn in the rope according to the invention allows some fibers to be in a tension-free state, even when the rope is taut. If the rope and the extra-long twisted yarn contained therein are taut, only the second yarn is taut due to the shorter length and the first yarn remains tension-free due to the longer length. Since fibers have a lower cut resistance when under tension, as already mentioned in the introduction, the first yarn with a longer length enables increased cut resistance when the rope is taut.

In contrast to the state of the art, a fiber rope is created that has increased cut resistance and can be metal-free at least on the surface, thus avoiding the risk of injury in the event of wire breakage. Furthermore, metal wires with electrical conductivity could be present inside the rope, which means that they can be used as conductors or sensors, for example. Due to the properties explained at the outset, the rope according to the invention is particularly suitable for use as a mountain rope, as a rope for connecting devices, for slings or also as a winch rope.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first yarn comprises high-strength fibers, preferably p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers. This enables the thread to have a particularly high cut resistance when tensioned, since high-strength fibers have better cut resistance than conventional fibers. In other embodiments, however, it is also possible to produce the first yarn from non-high-strength fibers in order to achieve at least a certain increase in cut resistance.

In a further embodiment, the second yarn comprises non-high-strength fibers, preferably PA fibers, PES fibers or PP fibers. Since non-high-strength fibers generally have a higher elongation than high-strength fibers, it is preferable for some applications to manufacture the force-absorbing part of the thread, i.e. the second yarn, from non-high-strength fibers. This is particularly preferred for mountain ropes, so that the second yarn can better absorb energy through elongation.

It is preferred if the first yarn is at least 5%, preferably at least 8%, particularly preferably at least 12% longer than the second yarn, measured in the untwisted state of the unit length of the twine. As a result, the first yarn is long enough to be tension-free in the tensioned state of the rope or the extra-long twine or the second yarn, even if the rope or the extra-long twine or the first yarn is stretched.

Furthermore, the thread is preferably designed in such a way that the weight proportion of the second yarn in the thread with excess length is 30% to 90%, preferably 40% to 75%. This results in a good ratio between the first yarn and the second yarn, whereby the second yarn can absorb sufficient energy under tension on the one hand and the first yarn is present in sufficient quantities to fulfil its function of increasing the cut resistance on the other.

It is also advantageous if the weight proportion of the extra-long twine in the sheath, the intermediate sheath and/or the reinforcement is 50% to 100% of the sheath, the intermediate sheath and/or the reinforcement, respectively. It is clear that the choice of the proportion of twine in the rope depends to a large extent on the desired application, so that for other applications less thread with excess length can be used.

The rope core of the rope according to the invention can also be constructed differently depending on the application. The rope core is preferably constructed from one or more twisted or braided cores. In particular, if the rope is designed for use as a mountain rope, it is usual to provide several cores in the rope core. However, when used as a winch rope, the rope according to the invention generally only comprises one core as the rope core.

If the rope core is to have a high degree of stretch, for example to absorb energy through stretching in the event of a fall, the rope core can comprise non-high-strength fibers, preferably PA fibers, PES fibers or PP fibers. In this embodiment, the rope can be designed, for example, as a climbing rope in accordance with the EN892 standard. In these embodiments, the rope is therefore particularly suitable for use as a climbing rope.

However, if the stretch of the rope core only plays a minor role or should be low for the application, the rope core can also comprise high-strength fibers, preferably aramid fibers, UHMWPE fibers, PBO fibers or Vectran fibers. This embodiment is particularly preferred for use as a winch rope.

Regardless of the application, it is preferred for the rope according to the invention if the diameter of the rope is 5 mm to 60 mm, preferably 5 mm to 13 mm.

The extra-long twine for the rope according to the invention can be produced in various variants. However, the following two alternative production methods are particularly preferred.

• Bereitstellen des ersten Garns und des zweiten Garns;
• Verzwirnen bzw. Verdrehen des ersten Garns mit dem zweiten Garn;

wobei das erste Garn und das zweite Garn mit im Wesentlichen derselben Spannung und derselben Länge miteinander verdreht werden und der Zwirn nach dem Verdrehen einem Schrumpfvorgang ausgesetzt wird.The first preferred manufacturing process of the extra-long yarn comprises the steps:

• Providing the first yarn and the second yarn;
• Twisting or twisting the first yarn with the second yarn;

wherein the first yarn and the second yarn are twisted together at substantially the same tension and the same length and the yarn is subjected to a shrinking process after twisting.

This first preferred manufacturing process uses two yarns that are manufactured in such a way that they shrink to different degrees. For example, fibers made of different materials can be used for this purpose.

The shrinking process is preferably carried out in an autoclave. Before the thread is introduced into the autoclave, it is preferably prepared to enable defined shrinking. The preparation can particularly preferably be carried out by knitting, with the knitted fabric being unraveled again after the shrinking process. The type of preparation of the thread, e.g. by knitting, and the choice of temperature and/or pressure in the autoclave can be made by the specialist.

• Bereitstellen des ersten Garns und des zweiten Garns;
• Verzwirnen bzw. Verdrehen des ersten Garns mit dem zweiten Garn;

wobei das erste Garn und das zweite Garn mit unterschiedlicher Spannung miteinander verdreht werden und der Zwirn nach dem Verdrehen entspannt wird.The second preferred manufacturing process of the extra-long yarn comprises the steps:

• Providing the first yarn and the second yarn;
• Twisting or twisting the first yarn with the second yarn;

where the first yarn and the second yarn are twisted together with different tensions and the thread is relaxed after twisting.

In the second preferred manufacturing process, two yarns can also be used which are manufactured in the same way and whose fibers consist of the same materials.

The rope according to the invention is manufactured in one step, whereby the rope core or cores are introduced into a braiding machine and, among other things, are braided around by the extra-long twine, thereby producing the sheath and, if applicable, the intermediate sheath and/or the reinforcement.

• Figur 1 zeigt den Querschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Seils.
• Figur 2 zeigt einen Zwirn mit Überlänge, der im Seil von Figur 1 eingearbeitet ist.
• Figur 3 zeigt den Zwirn von Figur 2 im entdrehten Zustand.
• Figur 4 zeigt eine Versuchsanordnung zur Ermittlung der Schnittfestigkeit.

Advantageous and non-limiting embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

• Figure 1 shows the cross-section of the rope according to the invention.
• Figure 2 shows a thread with excess length, which is in the rope of Figure 1 is incorporated.
• Figure 3 shows the thread of Figure 2 in the untwisted state.
• Figure 4 shows a test setup for determining the cut resistance.

Figure 1 shows the cross-section of a rope 1. The rope 1 comprises a rope core 2 and a sheath 3 surrounding the rope core 2. The rope 1 is made of a textile fiber material, ie both the rope core 2 and the sheath 3 are made of textile

Fiber material. The rope 1 is preferably made metal-free, apart from optional connecting elements or clamps that are attached to the ends of the rope 1 or at another point on the rope 1, or functional, electrically conductive wires guided in the rope 1, which serve, for example, as current conductors, information conductors or sensors.

Alternatively, the rope 1 has an intermediate sheath 4, which is provided between the rope core 2 and the sheath 3. Depending on the embodiment, this intermediate sheath 4 can also be designed to be metal-free. Alternatively or in addition to the intermediate sheath 4, a textile, preferably metal-free, reinforcement (not shown) can also be used, which is understood here to mean a non-covering intermediate sheath.

As from Figure 1 As can be seen, the rope core 2 has twelve cores 5. In general, however, the rope core can also have only one core 5 or more than one core 5. The cores 5 are, for example, twisted or braided, but could also be manufactured in another way.

The rope 1 described here can be used for various purposes, for example as a mountain rope, as a rope for lanyards, for slings or as a winch rope. When used as a mountain rope, the rope 1 is used by a climber, for example, as a fall arrest device or is also used as a static cord for makeshift rescue techniques. When used as a rope for lanyards, for example, a tree care worker can use the rope 1 as a lanyard, whereby the rope 1 is looped around the tree 1 and hooked into a harness of the tree care worker so that the tree care worker can support themselves on the tree in any vertical position. When used as a rope for slings, the rope 1 is used as an auxiliary rope for climbing. When used as a winch rope, it is wound onto a winch and is therefore used, in contrast to the aforementioned uses, in mechanical operation and not to protect people from falls.

In all of the aforementioned applications, the rope 1 can have a diameter of 5 mm to 60 mm, preferably 5 mm to 13 mm.

In particular, when the rope 1 is used for fall protection, the rope core 2 should have advantageous dynamic properties. In these embodiments, the Rope core non-high-strength fibers, preferably polyamide (PA) fibers. In other applications, the non-high-strength fibers can also be polyester (PES) fibers or polypropylene (PP) fibers.

In other embodiments, for example when the rope 1 is used as a winch rope, the rope core 2 can also have high-strength fibers. For the purposes of the present invention, "high-strength" is understood to mean fibers with a tensile strength of at least 14 cN/dtex, preferably a tensile strength greater than 24 cN/dtex, particularly preferably greater than 30 cN/dtex. Known high-strength fiber types with corresponding tensile strengths include UHMWPE fibers (including Dyneema ^® ), aramid fibers, LCP fibers (including Vectran) or PBO fibers.

Depending on the embodiment, the rope core 2 or the cores 5 can also comprise a mixture of high-strength fibers and non-high-strength fibers.

In order to increase the cut resistance of the rope 1, the sheath 3, the intermediate sheath 4 and/or the reinforcement comprises the following Figures 2 and 3 explained twine 6 with excess length Δ. The sheath 3, the intermediate sheath 4 and/or the reinforcement can be made completely or partially from several twines 6 with excess length Δ. Usually, the sheath 3 and the intermediate sheath 4 are braids, so that several twines 6 with excess length Δ can be braided together, if necessary with the addition of other twines. Usually, the weight proportion of the twine 6 with excess length Δ in the sheath 3, in the intermediate sheath 4 and/or in the reinforcement is 50% to 100% in each case.

In Figure 2 the thread 6 is shown with excess length Δ, which can be produced with an indefinite length and wound onto at least one bobbin before the production of the sheath 3, the intermediate sheath 4 or the reinforcement. In Figure 2 In addition, an arbitrarily selected unit length E of the thread 6 with excess length Δ is shown. The numerical size of the unit length E can be chosen arbitrarily, for example as 1 m. However, the invention is completely independent of the actually selected length, as explained below, and serves only to determine the excess length Δ of the yarn 7 in the thread 6 with excess length Δ.

As is known to the person skilled in the art, twisted yarns are produced by twisting several yarns. The twisted yarn 6 with excess length Δ explained here comprises a first yarn 7 and a second yarn 8, which are twisted together. The twisted state of the thread 6 with excess length Δ is shown in Figure 2 shown.

Figure 3 shows the section of the unit length E of the twisted yarn 6 with excess length Δ in a untwisted state. It is clear that the first yarn 7 has a greater length than the second yarn 8. In a practical example, the unit length E = 1 m was chosen. However, as already shown in Figure 2 As can be seen, the first yarn 7 is twisted with the second yarn 8, so that small loops of the first yarn 7 partially form around the second yarn 8.

As from Figure 3 As can be seen, the actual length of the first yarn 7 in the untwisted state is greater than the length of the second yarn 8 or the unit length E. In the above example, in which the unit length E = 1 m was chosen, in the untwisted state of the thread 6 with excess length Δ, the length L1 = 1.15 m for the first yarn 7 and the length L2 = 1 m for the second yarn 8. In this example, the first yarn 7 in the untwisted state of the thread 6 with excess length Δ is thus 15% longer than the second yarn 8, with the percentage P being calculated as P = 100*(L1-L2)/L2.

From the above example it is clear that the choice of the unit length E is arbitrary and is only used to determine the relative length of the first yarn 6 to the second yarn. If the unit length E = 2 m were chosen, the length L1 of the first yarn 7 in the untwisted state of the thread 6 with excess length Δ would be 2.3 m and the length L2 of the second yarn 8 would be 2 m, so that the first yarn 7 is again 15% longer than the second yarn 8.

In general, the first yarn 7 is at least 5%, preferably at least 8%, particularly preferably at least 12% longer than the second yarn 8, measured in the untwisted state of the unit length E of the twisted yarn 6. The percentage P is given as described above in relation to the length L2 of the second yarn 8, i.e. P = 100*(L1-L2)/L2. These length ratios ensure that the first yarn 7 is not stretched even when the second yarn 8 is stretched. An upper limit of the length by which the first yarn 7 is longer than the second yarn 8 can be, for example, 30%, whereby this upper limit is usually only limited by the manufacturing process.

At this point it should be noted that measuring the length of the first yarn 7 and the second yarn 8 in the untwisted state of the unit length E either in the tension-free State or under a certain pre-tension, for example 0.5 +/- 0.1 cN/tex. Pre-tensioning the yarns may be necessary to achieve a correct, comparable measurement result. Standards for measuring the length of yarns are known in the art, such as DIN 53830-3, which specifies, among other things, a pre-tension of 0.5 +/- 0.1 cN/tex for measuring the length of yarns, and can also be used to determine the lengths of the yarns of the rope 1 described here.

Typically, the first yarn 7 comprises high-strength fibers and the second yarn 8 comprises non-high-strength fibers, with the definition of high-strength being as given above with respect to the rope core 2. For example, the high-strength fibers of the first yarn 7 could be p-aramid fibers (para-aramid fibers), m-aramid fibers (meta-aramid fibers), LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers. Fibers sold under the names Kevlar, Twaron and Technora are particularly suitable. For the non-high-strength fibers of the second yarn 8, PA fibers, PES fibers or PP fibers could be selected, for example.

Depending on the embodiment, yarns 7, 8 made of different materials can be selected for the twine 6 with excess length Δ. In other embodiments, however, yarns made of the same materials can also be selected, although there may be restrictions due to the manufacturing processes described below.

As a rule, the ratio of first yarn 7 to second yarn 8 is selected such that the weight proportion of the first yarn 7 with excess length Δ in the twisted yarn is 30% to 90%, preferably 40% to 75%.

However, the structure of the twisted yarn 6 is not limited to twisting just two yarns, but more than two yarns could also be twisted together. In the untwisted state of the twisted yarn 6 with excess length Δ, all yarns could then have a different length. In other embodiments, only one yarn could be longer than the other yarns of the same length, or only one yarn could be shorter than the other yarns of the same length. Again, for example, two yarns of the same length could be longer than two other yarns of the same length. It is clear that there are no limits to the structure of the twisted yarn 6 with excess length Δ, as long as at least one yarn has a greater length than another yarn, measured in an untwisted state of a unit length E of the twisted yarn 6. In these embodiments, it is particularly preferred if the longest yarn is at least 5%, preferably at least 8%, particularly preferably at least 12% longer than the shortest yarn, measured in the untwisted state of the unit length E of the twisted yarn 6.

The twisted yarn 6 with excess length Δ can be produced in a variety of ways and is not restricted to a specific manufacturing process. However, manufacturing processes using a shrinking process or under different tensions are particularly suitable, as described below.

In the manufacturing process using a shrinking process, the first yarn 7 and the second yarn 8 are first provided. The two yarns 7, 8 are generally tension-free or have the same tension. The yarns 7, 8 are then twisted together, creating a yarn without excess length Δ. In a further process step, the yarn without excess length Δ is exposed to a predetermined temperature in an autoclave after suitable processing, e.g. knitting, so that the first yarn 7 and the second yarn 8 shrink. In this embodiment, the yarns 7, 8, in particular their materials, were selected such that they shrink to different degrees under the predetermined conditions, resulting in the yarn 6 with excess length Δ.

In the manufacturing process using different tensions, the first yarn 7 and the second yarn 8 are twisted together with different tensions and the twist 6, i.e. its yarns 7, 8, is relaxed after twisting. The choice of tensions to achieve a desired amount of excess length Δ of the first yarn 7 in comparison to the second yarn 8 can be determined by the expert based on the elastic modulus of the two yarns 7, 8. It is clear that, for example, a twist in which PA 940 dtex is twisted with aramid 1660 dtex requires a different pre-tension to achieve the twist 6 with excess length Δ than a twist in which PA 1400 dtex is twisted with aramid 1660 dtex.

In order to empirically test whether the rope 1 described above with twine 6 with excess length Δ incorporated into it has a higher cut resistance than a comparable rope without twine 6 with excess length Δ, the measurement described below was carried out. However, it is understood that other measuring methods can also be used to determine the cut resistance.

At the beginning, a height-adjustable test carrier was provided, on which an 80 cm long granite block 9 with a naturally broken edge 10 (granite sidewalk edge) was attached. Starting from a fixed anchor point above it, a test mass (80 kg steel cylinder) was lowered over the edge 10 with the rope to be tested. Position of the anchor point results in a deflection of the rope at the edge 10 at a deflection angle α, as shown in Figure 4 is visible. Edge 10 is located at a distance of 4 m from the anchor point (standing position). Immediately after edge 10, the test mass is freely suspended. The forces occurring at the anchor point were recorded by installing a load cell.

• Am Anschlagpunkt wird eine Kraftmessdose installiert und das Prüfseil daran befestigt.
• Die Masse wird jeweils stoßfrei knapp unterhalb der Steinkante in das Prüfseil gehängt und anschließend um 2 m abgelassen.
• Das Seil wird mittels seitlich angebrachten Seilzügen horizontal bewegt (Dies könnte einer Situation entsprechen, bei welcher der abgelassene Kletterer seitlich zum nächsten darunterliegenden Standplatz pendelt). Das Prüfseil wird so entlang der scharfen Kante 10 in beide Richtungen gezogen bis zum Riss. Die Kantenlänge, die bis zum Riss überstrichen wurde, wird gemessen und als Bruchlänge bezeichnet.

The test procedure is as follows:

• A load cell is installed at the anchor point and the test rope is attached to it.
• The mass is suspended from the test rope just below the edge of the stone without any impact and then lowered by 2 m.
• The rope is moved horizontally using side-mounted cable pulleys (this could correspond to a situation in which the lowered climber swings sideways to the next anchor point below). The test rope is pulled in both directions along the sharp edge 10 until it breaks. The edge length that was swept up to the break is measured and referred to as the breaking length.

In order to achieve the most even lateral movement possible, the force of the lateral pull is introduced directly below the edge 10. Stop bolts at each end of the edge 10 prevent the rope from moving beyond the edge 10. At the end of the tests, the sharpness of the edge 10 is verified using a previously tested rope model. The edge 10 remained unchanged.

The first test rope was a state-of-the-art rope, designed according to EN892 with a diameter of 9.8 mm. This was a core-sheath rope with a polyamide sheath. The deflection angle was 45°. A breaking length of approx. 200 cm was achieved.

The second test rope was a rope according to the invention with aramid in the intermediate sheath in the construction according to the invention, designed according to EN892 with a diameter of 9.8 mm. A breaking length of approx. 340 cm was achieved. This meant that the breaking length could be increased by 70% compared to the rope according to the state of the art.

Claims (15)

1. Rope (1) made of textile fibre material, comprising a rope core (2) and a sheath (3) surrounding the rope core (2),

   wherein the sheath (3) comprises a twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ), and

   wherein the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) is formed in that it comprises at least a first yarn (7) and a second yarn (8) which are twisted together, wherein the first yarn (7) has a greater length than the second yarn (8) as measured in an untwisted state of a unit length of the twisted yarn (6),

   characterised in that

   the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) is designed in such a way that when the rope (1) is tensioned, the second yarn (8) is taut due to the shorter length of the second yarn (8) and the first yarn (7) is tensionless due to the greater length of the first yarn (7).
2. Rope (1) made of textile fibre material, comprising a rope core (2) and a sheath (3) surrounding the rope core (2),
   characterised in that

   an intermediate sheath (4) and/or an armouring is located between the sheathing (3) and the rope core (2), wherein the intermediate sheath (4) and/or the armouring comprises a twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ),

   wherein the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) is formed by comprising at least a first yarn (7) and a second yarn (8) which are twisted together, the first yarn (7) having a greater length than the second yarn (8) as measured in an untwisted state of a unit length of the twisted yarn (6), and

   wherein the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) is designed in such a way that when the rope (1) is tensioned, the second yarn (8) is taut due to the shorter length of the second yarn (8) and the first yarn (7) is tensionless due to the greater length of the first yarn (7).
3. Rope (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first yarn (7) comprises p-aramid fibres, m-aramid fibres, LCP fibres, UHMWPE fibres or PBO fibres.
4. Rope according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second yarn (8) comprises PA fibres, PES fibres or PP fibres.
5. Rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first yarn (7) is longer than the second yarn (8) by at least 5 %, preferably by at least 8 %, particularly preferably by at least 12 %, as measured in the untwisted state of the unit length of the twisted yarn (6).
6. Rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the proportion by weight of the first yarn (7) in the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) is 30 % to 90 %, preferably 40 % to 75 %.
7. Rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the proportion by weight of the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) in the sheath (3), in the intermediate sheath (4) and/or in the armouring is in each case 50 % to 100 % of the sheath, the intermediate sheath or the armouring.
8. Rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rope core (2) is composed of one or more twisted or braided cores (5).
9. Rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rope core (2) comprises PA fibres, PES fibres or PP fibres.
10. Rope (1) according to claim 9, wherein the rope (1) is designed as a climbing rope according to the EN892 standard.
11. Rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rope core (2) comprises aramid fibres, UHMWPE fibres or PBO fibres.
12. Rope (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the rope (1) has a diameter of 5 mm to 60 mm, preferably of 5 mm to 13 mm.
13. Use of a rope (1) according to claim 9 or 10 as a climbing rope.
14. A method of manufacturing a rope (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps of:

    a) Production of a twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) with the following steps:

    - Providing the first yarn (7) and the second yarn (8);

    - Twisting the first yarn (7) with the second yarn (8);

    wherein the first yarn (7) and the second yarn (8) are twisted together at substantially the same tension and the same length and the twisted yarn (6) is subjected to a shrinking operation after twisting; or wherein the first yarn (7) and the second yarn (8) are twisted together at different tensions and the twisted yarn (6) is relaxed after twisting; and

    b) Manufacture of the rope (1) by:

    - Insertion of the rope core (2) or cores (5) of the rope core (2) into a braiding machine and braiding of the rope core (2) or cores (5), inter alia, from the twisted yarn (6) with excess length (Δ) to produce the sheathing (3) and possibly the intermediate sheath (4) and/or the armouring.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the shrinking process is carried out in an autoclave.

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