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EP3800299B1 - Équipement, en particulier chargeur sur roues - Google Patents

Équipement, en particulier chargeur sur roues Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3800299B1
EP3800299B1 EP20199599.0A EP20199599A EP3800299B1 EP 3800299 B1 EP3800299 B1 EP 3800299B1 EP 20199599 A EP20199599 A EP 20199599A EP 3800299 B1 EP3800299 B1 EP 3800299B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
suspension
attachment
implement
coupling part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP20199599.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3800299A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Wimmer
Herbert Ganitzer
Robert Grau
Christian Guter
Thomas Zitterbart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Bischofshofen GmbH
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Liebherr Werk Bischofshofen GmbH
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Publication of EP3800299A1 publication Critical patent/EP3800299A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E02F9/2275—Hoses and supports therefor and protection therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a working device, in particular a wheel loader, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • hydraulic couplings can also be used to quickly and easily attach a hydraulically operated work device or tool, such as a high-tipping bucket, to the mast.
  • FIG. 1 An example of such a wheel loader 1 known from the prior art is shown in Figure 1 shown.
  • the wheel loader 1 has a hydraulic circuit and a chassis 2, which in this example comprises a rear carriage and a front carriage connected to it via an articulated joint.
  • a lifting frame 10 with Z-kinematics is attached to the front carriage, at the front end of which a wheel loader bucket 60 is pivotably mounted.
  • the lifting frame 10 comprises a lifting arm 12, which can be pivoted by means of two hydraulic lifting cylinders 5 and is H-shaped in plan view, with a cross tube 18 forming the H-web.
  • a bell crank 14 is articulated to the lifting arm 12 and can be pivoted by means of a hydraulic tilting cylinder 6.
  • the bell crank 14 is articulated at the front end (i.e.
  • the lifting frame 10 further comprises an attachment frame 20, to which an attachment 60 (in this example the wheel loader bucket 60) can be reversibly mounted.
  • the attachment frame 20 is hinged to the front end of the lifting arm 12 and to the end of the connecting part 16 facing away from the deflection arm 14 about two parallel horizontal axes and can be pivoted by pivoting the deflection lever 14 relative to the lifting arm 12 by means of the tilt cylinder 6.
  • a hydraulic coupling for establishing a hydraulic supply to the attachment 60 can be arranged on the attachment frame 20.
  • the attachment frame can also be a quick coupler.
  • the hydraulic lines are typically routed along the lifting arm and/or the bell crank to the front
  • the hydraulic lines are routed to the end of the boom or to the connecting link, as the latter pivots less than the attachment frame. This requires additional hydraulic hoses and connections to route and connect the hydraulic lines to the attachment in a small, segmented manner, increasing costs, maintenance effort, and the risk of leaks.
  • the hydraulic hoses must be long enough to ensure sufficient hose length even in extreme positions of the mast, especially when the attachment or attachment is fully swiveled in and out. In less extreme positions, this results in hose bulges that can protrude into the work area and require additional, complex protective measures such as steel hose coils. The necessarily exposed position of the hoses in such a case also reduces their service life.
  • the use of swiveling hydraulic connections, such as swivel fittings on the hydraulic coupling is also disadvantageous, as this increases costs, maintenance effort, and the risk of leaks.
  • the DE 10 2015 104 187 A1 discloses a wheel loader with a Z-kinematic mast, to which an attachment in the form of a bucket can be mechanically mounted. There is no hydraulic connection.
  • US 2015/132095 A1 A work machine with a lifting arm that can pivot about a horizontal pivot axis is known, at the end of which an attachment frame for attaching an attachment is pivotably mounted.
  • the lifting arm has a hydraulic coupling, from which hydraulic lines run along the lifting arm to the supporting structure of the work machine.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a work device with a lifting frame with Z-kinematics, which enables a fast and fully automatic hydraulic connection of an attachment to the hydraulic circuit of the work device.
  • the necessary The hydraulic line system of the work equipment must be simple and cost-effective and be characterized by a low risk of leakage.
  • the working device according to the invention which is in particular a wheel loader, comprises a hydraulic circuit and a lifting frame with Z-kinematics.
  • the lifting frame comprises a lifting arm, which can be pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis, and a deflection lever which is articulated to a connecting part and which is connected to the lifting arm about a horizontal pivot axis.
  • the pivot axis is pivotally articulated.
  • the lifting arm is pivotable by means of at least one lifting cylinder and the deflection lever is pivotable by means of at least one tilting cylinder.
  • the lifting frame further comprises an attachment frame to which an attachment can be reversibly mounted and which is pivotably connected to the front end of the lifting arm, spaced from the pivot axis, and to the connecting part about two parallel pivot axes.
  • the attachment frame has a hydraulic coupling part which, by attaching an attachment to the attachment frame, can be automatically and reversibly coupled to a hydraulic coupling part on the attachment side, thereby establishing a hydraulic supply to the attachment.
  • the hydraulic coupling part is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the work device via at least two hydraulic lines, wherein the hydraulic lines are designed to be flexible, at least in sections.
  • the hydraulic lines are attached to the bell crank via a first suspension which is connected to the bell crank so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • the pivoting bearing of the first suspension on the bell crank allows the hydraulic lines to be optimally aligned in any position of the mast. This eliminates the need for excessively long hydraulic lines, which can cause bulges in certain positions or even protrude into the work area. Instead, the entire lift and tilt range can be traversed without protruding hydraulic lines or high tensile loads, which protects the hydraulic lines and extends their service life.
  • the rotatable first suspension according to the invention enables a direct connection of several hydraulic lines to a fully automatic hydraulic quick coupling, in this case to the hydraulic coupling part, which significantly simplifies and accelerates the attachment process.
  • the Hydraulic lines are connected to the hydraulic coupling part via fixed connections, which is more cost-effective and less prone to leaks than swiveling hydraulic connections such as swivel joints.
  • the rotatability of the first suspension does not affect the hydraulic lines attached to or connected to it, as there is no movement of individual hydraulic line sections relative to each other; rather, there is a movement or alignment of the hydraulic lines relative to the mast.
  • the flexible hydraulic routing according to the invention is independent of the specific quick-coupling or hydraulic coupling system used, since only the coupling-side hydraulic connections may need to be adjusted. Furthermore, the work tool according to the invention requires fewer hydraulic line suspensions or fastenings, which reduces costs and maintenance effort. Finally, the hydraulic line routing according to the invention is also suitable for large line or hose diameters, since sharp bends are avoided and the hydraulic lines automatically adapt to the position of the mast.
  • the hydraulic coupling parts preferably form a hydraulic coupling as described in EP 1 239 087 A1 is revealed.
  • the lifting arm is H-shaped in plan view and has a cross tube forming the H-web, wherein the deflection lever is preferably hinged in a rocker-like manner to a cheek formed on the cross tube.
  • the first suspension is arranged in the region of the pivot axis of the bell crank, wherein the axis of rotation preferably coincides with the pivot axis of the bell crank.
  • the first suspension can be mounted on the deflection pin, which forms the pivot axis of the bell crank, whereby the first suspension is rotatable relative to the deflection pin.
  • a “range” within the meaning of this invention can be considered, in particular, half the length of the bell crank in both directions.
  • a “range” can also be considered an area within a few centimeters, e.g., 10-15 cm, around the deflection pin.
  • mast geometries in which attaching the first suspension at a different location on the bell crank is advantageous, for example, even outside the previously defined range.
  • the hydraulic coupling part has fixed hydraulic connections to which the hydraulic lines are connected, wherein the hydraulic connections assume a predetermined angle with respect to the hydraulic coupling part.
  • Such fixed hydraulic connections are stable and cost-effective and can be used here due to the adaptability of the alignment of the hydraulic hoses by means of the first suspension, wherein the fixed hydraulic connections can have a certain degree of flexibility or tolerances, for example through the use of spring elements.
  • the angle of the hydraulic connections to the rear surface of the hydraulic coupling part or to the plane running through the pivot axes of the attachment frame is preferably 90°, but can also have other values and a certain tolerance of, for example, a few degrees. This can also depend on the exact geometry of the lifting frame.
  • the hydraulic lines are attached to the lifting arm via a second suspension which is firmly connected to the lifting arm
  • the second suspension is preferably attached or mounted to the cross tube.
  • the second suspension can also be arranged on the inside of the outer struts of the H-shaped lifting arm.
  • the fixed second suspension is simple and cost-effective to implement, for example, as a simple hose clamp or pipe. The adaptability of the hydraulic lines to the position of the lifting mast is already ensured by the rotatable first suspension.
  • the hydraulic lines between the hydraulic coupling part and the second suspension are connected to the lifting mast only by means of the first suspension, wherein, apart from the first suspension, no further movable, i.e., in particular rotatable, suspensions for attaching the hydraulic lines are preferably provided on the lifting mast.
  • the first suspension is sufficient to ensure optimal adaptability of the alignment of the hydraulic lines.
  • the first suspension forms a mounting angle with the vertical, which remains essentially constant during movement of the bell crank or the attachment frame while the lifting arm remains stationary.
  • the mounting angle is defined in particular by the angle between the vertical and the plane containing the rotation axis of the first suspension and running perpendicularly through the hydraulic lines at the point closest to the rotation axis. This plane is referred to below as the "first auxiliary plane.”
  • the mounting angle depends on the position of the lifting arm and the length of the hydraulic lines. In a configuration in which a first line section or hydraulic hose is used for each hydraulic line between the hydraulic coupling part and the first suspension, and a second line section or hydraulic hose is used between the first and second suspensions, which are connected to each other via corresponding hydraulic connections of the first suspension.
  • the mounting angle depends on the respective lengths of the line sections or hydraulic hoses. In a configuration in which continuous hydraulic lines are used, which are merely held or clamped by the first suspension, the mounting angle depends on the lengths of the line sections on both sides of the first suspension.
  • the mounting angle can be optimally adapted to the geometry of the mast by selecting the lengths of the line sections or hydraulic hoses accordingly. This gives the hydraulic line routing according to the invention a high degree of flexibility.
  • a configuration of the hydraulic lines i.e. as described above, in particular the lengths of the line sections or hydraulic hoses, is also possible in which the angle of the previously defined first auxiliary plane to the longitudinal axis of the lift arm, also referred to as the relative mounting angle, remains essentially constant during any movement of the lifting frame, i.e. of the lift arm and/or the bell crank.
  • the relative mounting angle can be between 10 and 80°, preferably between 30 and 60°. With a non-linear geometry of the lift arm, its longitudinal axis can be defined differently to determine the relative mounting angle.
  • the longitudinal axis of the lift arm can be defined as the line lying centrally between the side struts of the lift arm in a plan view, which runs within the plane that intersects the pivot axis of the lift arm and the lower pivot axis of the attachment frame.
  • other definitions may also be useful here.
  • substantially constant means that the mounting angle (or the relative mounting angle) is, of course, not completely fixed, but is subject to a certain fluctuation or variation depending on the position of the mast, which, however, is considerably smaller than the entire angular range of the bell crank or attachment frame. Furthermore, the resulting angle for a particular lift arm position and for a particular choice of hydraulic hose lengths and/or suspension arrangements Mounting angles may also vary slightly due to certain tolerances, such as material and/or manufacturing tolerances.
  • the variation of the mounting angle during a movement of the bell crank or attachment frame and simultaneously a stationary lifting arm is less than 20°, preferably less than 10°, and particularly preferably less than 5°. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the variation is less than 3°. These values can also apply to the previously defined relative mounting angle. A variation of more than 10° can occur in particular when the first suspension is arranged outside the bell crank, i.e. when the axis of rotation of the first suspension does not coincide with the pivot axis of the bell crank.
  • the hydraulic lines comprise flexible hoses arranged between hydraulic ports and/or hydraulic connections.
  • the combinations of hydraulic hoses, ports, and connections can then be referred to as hydraulic lines.
  • the hydraulic lines as a whole i.e., particularly in the area between the hydraulic coupling part and the second suspension
  • the hydraulic lines can be composed of several hose sections per line, which are connected to one another, for example, by hydraulic connections. Bulkhead fittings can be used for this purpose.
  • the first suspension has hydraulic connections, wherein the hydraulic lines between the hydraulic coupling part and the first suspension are designed as flexible hydraulic hoses and are connected to the hydraulic connections.
  • the hydraulic connections themselves are fixedly attached to the first suspension and have first connections, which preferably extend in the direction of the hydraulic coupling part.
  • the latter feature means in particular that the first connections of the hydraulic connections, when viewed in a plane which perpendicularly intersects the longitudinal axis of the lifting arm and contains the axis of rotation of the first suspension (hereinafter referred to as the "second auxiliary plane"), point towards the side of this plane on which the hydraulic coupling part is located.
  • the hydraulic lines between the first and second suspensions are designed as flexible hydraulic hoses and connected to the hydraulic connections.
  • the hydraulic connections have second connections, which preferably extend toward the second suspension. This, in turn, means that the second connections point toward the side of the second auxiliary plane on which the second suspension is located.
  • the hydraulic connections are preferably hose feedthroughs, whereby the two end regions of the hose feedthroughs can be regarded as connections in the sense described above.
  • the hydraulic connections In a configuration in which the hydraulic lines between the hydraulic coupling part and the first suspension on the one hand and between the first and second suspension on the other hand are designed as separate hydraulic hose pieces, the hydraulic connections have actual connections on both sides of the first suspension to which the hydraulic hose pieces are connected. These are preferably bulkhead fittings. However, it is also conceivable that a combination of hydraulic connection with actual connections and hose clamps is used, for example in the case of several different hydraulic lines.
  • the second suspension can comprise a hose clamp or be designed as such, which represents a particularly simple construction.
  • hydraulic connections with connectors to which the hydraulic hoses are connected can also be used here.
  • the hydraulic connections pointing in the direction of the hydraulic coupling part and/or the second suspension are angled, in particular angled downwards in the direction of the lifting arm, so that the hydraulic hoses are connected to the first suspension at a predetermined angle, regardless of the movement of the lifting mast.
  • correspondingly angled hose feedthroughs can also be used here.
  • the end regions of the hydraulic hoses adjacent to the connections always assume a specific angle to the first auxiliary plane, which corresponds to the angle of the connections of the hydraulic connections.
  • the angle can be 45°, for example.
  • the angled hydraulic connections prevent uncontrolled bulging of the hydraulic hoses when the mast moves, particularly in the area between the hydraulic coupling and the first suspension. Without a specified angle from the hydraulic connections, uncontrollable and irreversible bulging of the hydraulic hoses can occur in this area, especially near the first suspension. Such an unintentional change in direction can occur spontaneously or be caused, for example, by a pressure surge in a hydraulic line. This can lead to damage to the hydraulic hoses, for example, through contact with nearby components, and to chafing and kinking.
  • the hydraulic hoses in the area of the hydraulic connections of the first suspension have a curvature with a constant sign, regardless of the movement of the lifting mast.
  • the hydraulic hoses in the area of the first suspension have a bulge directed downwards or towards the lifting arm, which points in the same direction regardless of the movement of the lifting mast and thus always has a uniform curvature (i.e., negative or positive - depending on the definition or viewing direction), the magnitude of which, however, depends on the position of the mast.
  • "Curvature” refers specifically to the mathematical curvature in a side view of the implement or hydraulic hoses.
  • the hydraulic hoses in the area of the hydraulic connections of the hydraulic coupling part preferably have a curvature whose sign varies with the movement of the lifting mast. This means that, depending on the position, particularly of the attachment, the hydraulic hoses curve upwards or downwards away from the hydraulic connection of the hydraulic coupling part. For example, with a wheel loader bucket tilted downwards, the hydraulic hoses curve downwards, and with a wheel loader bucket tilted upwards, they curve upwards toward the first suspension. This ensures that the spatial routing of the hydraulic hoses is always defined and prevents unwanted changes in direction.
  • the hydraulic lines in the area between the hydraulic coupling part and the first suspension are located above a lower edge of the work equipment, regardless of the position of the lifting mast.
  • the lower edge is in particular the lower edge of the attachment scaffold, although it can also be a lower edge of an attachment. This ensures that the hydraulic lines never touch the ground or protrude into the working area of the work equipment and thus become damaged.
  • the smallest distance of the hydraulic lines to the ground which is also referred to as sag, is particularly small when the lifting arm is lowered and the attachment scaffold or attachment is tilted in.
  • the sag is preferably greater than 5 cm, particularly preferably greater than 10 cm, in order to have a sufficient safety distance from the ground.
  • the attachment scaffold has two hydraulic coupling parts, which are automatically connected by attaching an attachment to the attachment scaffold with two attachment-side hydraulic coupling parts can be coupled reversibly, thus establishing a hydraulic supply to the attachment.
  • a hydraulic supply using two hydraulic coupling parts can be advantageous, for example, for an attachment with multiple hydraulic consumers, such as a high-tip bucket with a hydraulic hold-down device.
  • Each hydraulic coupling part is connected to a separate or shared hydraulic circuit of the work device via at least two hydraulic lines in order to supply the various consumers of the attachment. If the hydraulic coupling parts are connected to a shared hydraulic circuit, the supply to the individual consumers can be controlled via hydraulic valves in the hydraulic circuit.
  • a separate first suspension and a separate second suspension are provided for each hydraulic coupling part, which are arranged, in particular in a plan view of the lifting frame, on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis of the lifting arm, i.e., to the right and left of it but at the same height. It can be provided that the axes of rotation of the two first suspensions coincide and, furthermore, preferably coincide with the pivot axis of the bell crank.
  • All previously described embodiments apply to such an arrangement of several hydraulic coupling parts, each with several first and possibly second suspensions.
  • a different number of hydraulic lines with possibly different shapes or diameters and possibly different material properties such as stiffness can be connected to each of the hydraulic coupling parts.
  • one of the hydraulic coupling parts can be connected to two and the other hydraulic coupling part to three hydraulic lines. In the latter case, the three hydraulic lines are held by the associated first and the associated second suspension.
  • Each of the hydraulic couplings is preferably formed by a hydraulic coupling block, as shown in EP 1 239 087 A1 is revealed.
  • the pivot axes of the attachment frame simultaneously serve as the locking axes for locking the attachment, i.e., the attachment frame is connected and locked to the attachment frame via the pivot axes.
  • the attachment frame is a quick coupler without any frontal dimensions, i.e., without mounting height. The combination of a quick coupler without any frontal dimensions and a fully automatic hydraulic quick coupling is only made possible and significantly easier by the flexible hydraulic line routing according to the invention.
  • the Figure 1 shows a wheel loader 1 known from the prior art with a lifting frame in Z-kinematics according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic coupling and the hydraulic lines are not shown here.
  • the Figure 1 has already been described at the beginning, so that a repeated description can be omitted at this point.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the working device according to the invention described below are based on a wheel loader 1 as shown in Figure 1 is shown. However, it can also be any other implement with a Z-kinematic mast.
  • the pivot axes A, B, C, and D, as well as the cross tube 18, run parallel to one another.
  • Reference number 4 designates one of the front wheels of the implement 1.
  • the attachment frame 20 is designed as a quick-coupling part of a quick-change device, by means of which an attachment 60 (in the present embodiment, a wheel loader bucket) can be quickly and easily reversibly mounted.
  • an attachment-side quick-coupling part is mounted on the attachment 60, which can be engaged and locked with the quick-coupling part or attachment frame 20 on the work tool side.
  • the quick-coupling part or attachment frame 20 has no projection or mounting height, with the pivot axes C and D simultaneously serving to fasten and lock the attachment 60.
  • a hydraulic coupling part 22 is arranged on the attachment frame 20. This hydraulic coupling part interacts with a corresponding hydraulic coupling part 21 on the attachment side during installation of the attachment 60. This creates a fully automatic hydraulic connection when the attachment 60 is installed.
  • the hydraulic coupling part 22 is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the work device 1 via several hydraulic lines 50.
  • the hydraulic coupling part 22 has hydraulic connections 24 to which flexible first hydraulic hoses 52 are connected.
  • the hydraulic connections 24 are firmly connected to the hydraulic coupling part 22 and form a fixed angle of, for example, 90° to its rear wall or to a plane passing through the pivot axes C and D.
  • the first hydraulic hoses 52 are attached at the other end to the reversing lever 14 via a first suspension 30 in order to achieve a flexible and defined hose routing.
  • the two hydraulic coupling parts or halves 21, 22 couple from a circular movement, due to a corresponding circular movement when connecting the attachment 60 to the attachment frame or the quick coupler 20.
  • a hydraulic coupling as used, for example, in the EP 1 239 087 A1 is described.
  • the fixed hydraulic connections 24 have a certain angular tolerance, for example, 90° ⁇ a few degrees. This can be achieved, for example, with flexible elements such as springs.
  • the two hydraulic coupling parts 21, 22 are brought together linearly, for example by means of an actuator.
  • the first suspension 30 is mounted on the bell crank 14 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis E, wherein the rotation axis E coincides with the pivot axis B.
  • the first suspension 30 is attached to the deflection pin of the bell crank 14 forming the pivot axis B and is mounted so as to be freely rotatable relative to it (see Figure 6 ).
  • the first suspension 30 has hydraulic connections 32, 34 located on both sides of the Figures 2-4 drawn first auxiliary plane H.
  • the sections of the hydraulic connections arranged on the side of the hydraulic coupling part 22 are designated 32 and the sections arranged on the other side are designated 34.
  • the hydraulic connections 32, 34 are designed as bulkhead screw connections and therefore have connections 32, 34 on each side of the plane H.
  • the first hydraulic hoses 52 are connected to the ports 32 of the hydraulic connections 32, 34.
  • Second flexible hydraulic hoses 54 are connected to the opposite connections 34 of the hydraulic connections 32, 34 and extend to a second suspension 40, via which the second hydraulic hoses 54 are firmly connected to the lifting arm 12.
  • the second suspension 40 is fixed, ie immovably mounted on the outside of the cross tube 18 of the lifting arm 12, in this embodiment in the upper area of the cross tube 18 facing the pivot axis A.
  • the hydraulic lines 50 are directed to lines not specified in more detail here and in the Figures 2-4 connected to the hydraulic circuit of the working device 1 in a manner indicated by two parallel lines.
  • the placement of the second suspension 40 can influence (apart from the hose lengths used), in particular the paths of the first and second hydraulic hoses 52, 54 as well as the position, ie in particular the mounting angle, of the first suspension 30.
  • the second hydraulic hoses 54 hold the first suspension 30 or the first hydraulic hoses 52 in the desired position.
  • the connections of the hydraulic connections 32, 34 are opposite the first auxiliary plane H (ie in the Figures 2-4 downwards in the direction of the lifting arm 12), for example by 45°. This determines the direction in which the hydraulic hoses 52, 54 run in the area of the first suspension 30, so that unwanted or uncontrolled bulging or inversion of the hydraulic hoses 52, 54, in particular of the first hydraulic hoses 52, cannot occur.
  • Such unwanted and potentially irreversible inversion 53 of the first hydraulic hoses 52 is Figure 4
  • the hydraulic connections 32, 34 can be straight and the ends or connections of the hydraulic hoses 52, 54 can be angled.
  • the free rotation of the first suspension 30, the fixed hydraulic connections 24 on the hydraulic coupling part 22, the angled design of the hydraulic connections 32, 34, and the second suspension 40 fixedly arranged on the cross tube 18 create a flexible hydraulic hose guide that makes it possible to connect multiple hydraulic lines 50 to a fully automatic hydraulic coupling, reduce the number of required fastenings, provide a defined and therefore gentle hose guide, and eliminate the need for movable hydraulic couplings or connections or rotary fittings that are prone to leaks.
  • the freely rotatable first suspension 30 automatically aligns itself so that sufficient hose length is always available without kinks or excessively small curvature radii in the hydraulic hoses 52, 54.
  • the controlled hydraulic hose movement provides the operator with a better view of the working area of the work device 1, since the hydraulic lines 50 do not protrude as far into the working area.
  • FIG. 2-4 The lifting frame 10 is shown in three different positions, in which the lifting arm 12 remains in a lowered position and the attachment frame 20 or attachment 60 is tilted into different positions by pivoting the bell crank 14.
  • the angle of the first auxiliary plane H relative to the vertical V which is also referred to as the mounting angle ⁇ , remains essentially the same.
  • the rotation of the bell crank 14 is thus compensated by the pivotally mounted first suspension 30.
  • the mounting angle ⁇ depends on the lifting/tilting position of the lifting arm 12 as well as on the hose lengths of the hydraulic hoses 52 and 54 and is set to a specific value ⁇ for a specific position of the lifting arm 12 depending on the selected hose lengths. This results in a certain tolerance in the selected length of the first hydraulic hoses 52, which is Figure 4 designated by the reference symbol x. This tolerance can be approximately 20% of the hose length of the first hydraulic hoses 52.
  • the length of the second Hydraulic hoses 54 can be varied. By varying the lengths of the first and/or second hydraulic hoses 52, 54, the mounting angle ⁇ can be flexibly adapted to the conditions.
  • the mounting angle ⁇ varies only by a few degrees, as shown in the Figure 5 is illustrated.
  • the very small variation ⁇ of the mounting angle ⁇ which can amount to only a few degrees (e.g., approximately 5° or 3°) when pivoting the attachment frame 20, is shown compared to the entire movable angular range of the attachment frame 20 or the deflection lever 14.
  • Reasons for the variation ⁇ can also be fluctuating material parameters (diameter, stiffness, etc.) and hose lengths.
  • the mounting angle ⁇ exhibits the greatest deviations at the tipping and tipping end positions of the attachment 60 or the attachment frame 20.
  • the mounting angle ⁇ is only relevant for a specific position of the lifting arm 12 (such as the position shown in the Figures 2-4 shown lowered position) remains substantially constant, the above-described relative mounting angle, which is defined with respect to the lifting arm 12, ie its longitudinal axis, does not substantially change regardless of the lifting arm position.
  • the sign of the curvature of the first hydraulic hoses 52 remains constant in the area of the hydraulic connections 32 of the first suspension 30.
  • the sign of the curvature changes in the area of the fixed hydraulic connections 24 on the hydraulic coupling part 22.
  • the first hydraulic hoses 52 bend to the left or upwards towards the lower edge of the lifting arm 12, while in the Figure 4 , in which the wheel loader bucket 60 is fully tipped out, curve to the right towards the upper edge of the lifting arm 12.
  • the first hydraulic hoses 52 run in an S-shape, thus undergoing a change in curvature sign.
  • the curvature sign remains the same.
  • the optimized hose routing also prevents the hydraulic hoses 52 from touching the ground when the mast 10 is in the lowered position. This is particularly problematic when the attachment 60 is tilted when the lift arm 12 is lowered.
  • This position is Figure 3
  • the flexible hose routing results in a minimal sag d (i.e., safety distance from the ground).
  • This sag d is preferably at least 8-10 cm.
  • a variance of approximately 20% of the hose length of the first hydraulic hoses 52 results in an equal sag d.
  • the hydraulic lines 50 can be provided that, apart from the first and second suspensions 30, 40, there is no further fastening of the hydraulic lines 50 on the lifting frame 10.
  • a further fixed fastening of the hydraulic lines 50 can be arranged between the second suspension 40 and the chassis 2 on the lifting arm 12, in particular on an inner side of the H-shaped lifting arm 12.
  • the second hydraulic hoses 54 can extend to this further fastening, being held and fixed by the second suspension 40, which is designed, for example, as a hose clamp.
  • first and second hydraulic hoses 52, 54 which are connected to each other via angled bulkhead fittings 32, 34
  • continuous hydraulic hoses can also be used, with the hydraulic connections 32, 34 then preferably being designed as angled hose feedthroughs or holders. This also allows the continuous hydraulic hoses to be directed in the required direction.
  • an embodiment of the first suspension 30 is shown as an exploded view, in which the hydraulic connections 32, 34 are formed by bulkhead screw connections, which are arranged in a direction opposite the bell crank 14 are attached to a rotatably mounted retaining plate 36.
  • the hydraulic connections 32, 34 are formed by bulkhead screw connections, which are arranged in a direction opposite the bell crank 14 are attached to a rotatably mounted retaining plate 36.
  • it is not the bulkhead screw connections 32, 34 but the ends of the (not shown) hydraulic hoses 52, 54 that are angled. Accordingly, the bulkhead screw connections 32, 34 are straight here.
  • the retaining plate 36 is attached here by means of a screw connection in the center of the bell crank pin, which forms the pivot axis B of the bell crank 14.
  • the central element is a screw connection or screw 38, which is then provided with a washer or flat washer on an outer screw head and is passed through a bracket 37 attached to the retaining plate 36.
  • the retaining plate 34 is provided with several (here two) through holes into which the bulkhead screw connections 32, 34 are screwed or enclosed.
  • the number of bulkhead screw connections 32, 34 depends on the number of hydraulic lines 50 to be attached.
  • the hydraulic hoses 52, 54 which are angled in particular at the ends, are screwed onto the protruding ends of the bulkhead screw connections 32, 34.
  • the screw connection 38 is fixed to the deflection bolt, with a nut 39 locking the screw connection 38 toward the bell crank 14, and an additional washer or flat washer being attached.
  • the bracket 37 can remain movable relative to the bell crank 14 or the deflection bolt due to the shim arrangement on both sides and the locked screw connection.
  • FIGs 7-8 show the lifting frame 10 and the hydraulic hose guide according to the invention using a concrete embodiment, wherein the Figure 8 a top view of the lifting arm 12 and the Figure 7 a side view along the Figure 8 shows a section labeled a2.
  • the hydraulic lines 50 between the second suspension 40 and the hydraulic circuit of the working device 1 are not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the first and second suspensions 30, 40 are in this case preferably arranged on the opposite side of the reversing lever 14, i.e. mirror-symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the lifting mast 10 or lifting arm 12 or reversing lever 14.
  • Both hydraulic coupling parts 22 can be connected to separate or a common hydraulic circuit of the work device 1. This can be used, for example, in the case of an attachment 60 with several hydraulic consumers (such as a high-tip bucket with hydraulic hold-down device).
  • hydraulic lines 50 for example, an inlet and a return line can be connected to the first hydraulic coupling part 22 and an inlet, a return line, and a leakage oil line can be connected to the second hydraulic coupling part 22.
  • hydraulic lines 50 for example, an inlet and a return line can be connected to the first hydraulic coupling part 22 and an inlet, a return line, and a leakage oil line can be connected to the second hydraulic coupling part 22.
  • other arrangements are also conceivable in which more than two hydraulic couplings and corresponding hydraulic lines 50
  • the area marked with the reference symbol a1 is the Figure 7 enlarged, showing the connected hydraulic coupling with the implement-side and attachment-side hydraulic coupling parts 21, 22.
  • the hydraulic coupling in this embodiment comprises a spring 23 and a linear guide, so that a precise, trouble-free and leak-free fully automatic coupling of the hydraulic coupling halves 21, 22 is ensured when the quick-coupling parts are brought together.
  • explicit reference is made to the disclosure of EP 1 239 087 A1 referred to.
  • FIGs 10 and 11 is this already in Figure 7
  • the lifting frame 10 shown is shown in two different positions, which differ in the position of the deflection lever 14 as well as in the position of the lifting arm 12.
  • the lifting arm 12 is in a raised position with the lifting cylinder 5 extended and the tilting cylinder 6 retracted, so that the wheel loader bucket 60 is pivoted downwards.
  • Figure 11 the lifting arm 12 is completely lowered by retracting the lifting cylinder 5, while the tilting cylinder 6 is extended, so that the wheel loader bucket 60 is pivoted upwards.
  • the respective auxiliary plane H is shown, the angle of which to the vertical V (not shown here) defines the mounting angle ⁇ for the respective mast position.
  • the mounting angle ⁇ remains essentially constant for a specific (fixed) position of the lifting arm 12 when the deflection lever 14 is moved.
  • the mounting angle ⁇ changes with a movement of the lifting arm 12, resulting in different mounting angles ⁇ for different positions of the lifting arm 12.
  • This angular range is defined by the minimum and maximum mounting angles ⁇ min and ⁇ max in the extreme positions of the lifting mast 10 and depends on the geometry of the lifting mast 10 and the hydraulic hose suspension, i.e. in particular the positions of the first and second suspensions 30, 40 and/or the lengths of the first and second hydraulic hoses 52, 54 used.
  • the angle between the first auxiliary plane H and the longitudinal axis of the lifting arm 12 (not shown), the so-called relative mounting angle, is essentially constant for both mast positions.
  • the longitudinal axis of the non-linearly designed lifting arm can be defined as the line that runs through the pivot axes A and C and, viewed from above, runs centrally between the side struts of the lifting arm 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Outil de travail (1), notamment chargeur à roues, avec un circuit hydraulique et une structure de levage (10) à cinématique en Z, la structure de levage (10) comprenant un bras de levage (12) pouvant pivoter autour d'un axe de pivotement horizontal (A), un levier de renvoi (14) articulé sur le bras de levage (12) de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe de pivotement horizontal (B), qui est couplé de manière articulée à une partie de liaison (16), et une structure d'ajout (20) sur laquelle un accessoire (60) peut être monté de manière réversible et qui est articulée à l'extrémité avant du bras de levage (12) espacée de l'axe de pivotement (A) ainsi qu'à la partie de liaison (16) de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour de deux axes de pivotement parallèles (C, D), la structure d'ajout (20) présentant une partie de couplage hydraulique (22) qui peut être couplée automatiquement de manière réversible par ajout d'un accessoire (60) sur la structure d'ajout (20) avec une partie de couplage hydraulique (21) côté accessoire et une alimentation hydraulique de l'accessoire (60) pouvant ainsi être établie, et la partie de couplage hydraulique (22) étant reliée au circuit hydraulique par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux conduites hydrauliques (50) flexibles au moins par sections,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les conduites hydrauliques (50) sont fixées au levier de renvoi (14) par l'intermédiaire d'une première suspension (30) reliée au levier de renvoi (14) de manière à pouvoir tourner autour d'un axe de rotation horizontal (E).
  2. Outil de travail (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bras de levage (12) est réalisé en forme de H et présente un tube transversal (18) formant l'entretoise du H, le levier de renvoi (14) étant de préférence articulé à la manière d'une bascule sur une joue réalisée sur le tube transversal (14).
  3. Outil de travail (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la première suspension (30) est agencée dans la zone de l'axe de pivotement (B) du levier de renvoi (14), l'axe de rotation (E) coïncidant de préférence avec l'axe de pivotement (B) du levier de renvoi (14).
  4. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la partie de couplage hydraulique (22) présente des raccords hydrauliques fixes (24) auxquels sont raccordées les conduites hydrauliques (50), les raccords hydrauliques (24) formant un angle prédéfini par rapport à la partie de couplage hydraulique (22), l'angle étant de préférence de 90°.
  5. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les conduites hydrauliques (50) sont fixées au bras de levage (12) par l'intermédiaire d'une deuxième suspension (40) reliée de manière fixe au bras de levage (12), la deuxième suspension (40) étant de préférence fixée au tube transversal (18).
  6. Outil de travail (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les conduites hydrauliques (50) entre la partie de couplage hydraulique (22) et la deuxième suspension (40) ne sont reliées à la structure de levage (10) qu'au moyen de la première suspension (30), aucune autre suspension mobile n'étant de préférence prévue sur la structure de levage (10) pour la fixation des conduites hydrauliques (50) en dehors de la première suspension (30).
  7. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première suspension (30) forme un angle de montage (α) avec la verticale, qui reste essentiellement constant lorsque le levier de renvoi (14) se déplace et que le bras de levage (12) est simultanément immobile, la variation de l'angle de montage (α) lorsque le levier de renvoi (14) se déplace et que le bras de levage (12) est simultanément immobile étant de préférence inférieure à 20°, de manière davantage préférée inférieure à 10° et de manière particulièrement préférée inférieure à 5°.
  8. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les conduites hydrauliques (50) comprennent des tuyaux hydrauliques flexibles (52, 54) qui sont agencés entre des raccords hydrauliques (24) et/ou des liaisons hydrauliques (32, 34).
  9. Outil de travail (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la première suspension (30) présente des liaisons hydrauliques (32, 34), les conduites hydrauliques (50) entre la partie de couplage hydraulique (22) et la première suspension (30) étant réalisées sous forme de de tuyaux hydrauliques flexibles (52) et étant reliées aux liaisons hydrauliques (32), les liaisons hydrauliques (32) consistant de préférence en des passages de tuyaux ou des raccords vissés de cloison.
  10. Outil de travail (1) selon les revendications 5 et 9, caractérisé en ce que les conduites hydrauliques (50) entre la première et la deuxième suspension (30, 40) sont réalisées sous forme de tuyaux hydrauliques flexibles (54) et sont reliées aux liaisons hydrauliques (34), la deuxième suspension (40) comprenant de préférence un collier de serrage.
  11. Outil de travail (1) selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les liaisons hydrauliques (32, 34) dirigées en direction de la partie de couplage hydraulique (22) et/ou de la deuxième suspension (40) sont coudées, notamment coudées en direction du bras de levage (12), de telle sorte que les tuyaux hydrauliques (52, 54) sont reliés à la première suspension (30) selon un angle prédéfini, indépendamment du mouvement de la structure de levage (10).
  12. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les tuyaux hydrauliques (52) présentent, dans la zone des liaisons hydrauliques (32) de la première suspension (30), une courbure dont le signe est constant indépendamment du mouvement de la structure de levage (10), les tuyaux hydrauliques (52) présentant, dans la zone des raccords hydrauliques (24) de la partie de couplage hydraulique (22), de préférence une courbure dont le signe varie avec le mouvement de la structure de levage (10).
  13. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les conduites hydrauliques (50) sont situées au-dessus d'un bord inférieur de l'outil de travail (1) dans la zone entre la partie de couplage hydraulique (22) et la première suspension (30), indépendamment de la position de la structure de levage (10), le bord inférieur de l'outil de travail (1) consistant notamment en le bord inférieur de la structure d'ajout (20) ou d'un accessoire (60).
  14. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la structure d'ajout (20) présente deux parties de couplage hydraulique (22) qui peuvent être couplées automatiquement de manière réversible par ajout d'un accessoire (60) sur la structure d'ajout (20) avec deux parties de couplage hydraulique (21) côté accessoire et une alimentation hydraulique de l'accessoire (60) pouvant ainsi être établie, chaque partie de couplage hydraulique (22) étant reliée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux conduites hydrauliques (50) à un circuit hydraulique séparé ou commun, une première suspension propre (30) et une deuxième suspension propre (40) étant de préférence prévues pour chaque partie de couplage hydraulique (22), lesquelles sont agencées, notamment dans une vue de dessus de la structure de levage (10), sur des côtés opposés de l'axe longitudinal du bras de levage.
  15. Outil de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les axes de pivotement (C, D) de la structure d'ajout (20) constituent simultanément les axes de verrouillage pour le verrouillage de l'accessoire (60), la structure d'ajout (20) étant notamment un dispositif de serrage rapide sans pré-mesure.
EP20199599.0A 2019-10-01 2020-10-01 Équipement, en particulier chargeur sur roues Active EP3800299B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019126439.1A DE102019126439A1 (de) 2019-10-01 2019-10-01 Arbeitsgerät, insbesondere Radlader

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EP3800299A1 EP3800299A1 (fr) 2021-04-07
EP3800299B1 true EP3800299B1 (fr) 2025-03-26

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021124436B3 (de) 2021-09-21 2023-02-02 Schäffer Maschinenfabrik GmbH Baumaschine und Verfahren zum Antreiben eines Arbeitsgerätes
DE102022126522A1 (de) 2022-10-12 2024-04-18 Liebherr-France Sas Arbeitsmaschine mit Kupplungsvorrichtung für fluidführende Leitungen

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3901270A (en) * 1973-11-29 1975-08-26 Caterpillar Tractor Co Articulated support for hydraulic hose
US4208163A (en) * 1978-01-18 1980-06-17 Renholmens Mekaniska Verkstad Ab Automatic quick-coupling device
DE3716911A1 (de) * 1987-05-20 1988-12-08 Weyhausen Gmbh & Co Kg Maschin Arbeitsfahrzeug mit einem satz gegeneinander auswechselbarer arbeitswerkzeuge und mit einer schnellwechseleinrichtung fuer die arbeitswerkzeuge
US4798512A (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-01-17 Deere & Company Loader boom construction
JPH0730768Y2 (ja) * 1989-01-30 1995-07-19 株式会社小松製作所 作業機の配管装置
JPH0712446Y2 (ja) * 1989-02-17 1995-03-22 株式会社クボタ バックホーの油圧配管クランプ構造
DE4007470C1 (en) * 1990-03-09 1991-03-07 O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 1000 Berlin, De Length compensator for hydraulic hose - consists of flexible section with loop between relatively hinged supports
JP2000282508A (ja) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-10 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd 建設機械
JP3535079B2 (ja) * 2000-06-27 2004-06-07 日本車輌製造株式会社 建設機械の油圧配管構造
PL200100B1 (pl) * 2001-03-09 2008-12-31 Liebherr Hydraulikbagger Szybkozłącze
JP2013241727A (ja) * 2012-05-17 2013-12-05 Kubota Corp フロントローダ
JP6232261B2 (ja) * 2013-11-13 2017-11-15 株式会社クボタ 作業機
JP6189241B2 (ja) * 2014-03-26 2017-08-30 株式会社クボタ 作業機

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DE102019126439A1 (de) 2021-04-01

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