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EP3891845A1 - Système de conduction électrique, pièce en béton, procédé et utilisation - Google Patents

Système de conduction électrique, pièce en béton, procédé et utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP3891845A1
EP3891845A1 EP19816275.2A EP19816275A EP3891845A1 EP 3891845 A1 EP3891845 A1 EP 3891845A1 EP 19816275 A EP19816275 A EP 19816275A EP 3891845 A1 EP3891845 A1 EP 3891845A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
cable
connecting element
carrying
current conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19816275.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Wolbring
Christoph Neef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dehn SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pfeifer Holding GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pfeifer Holding GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pfeifer Holding GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3891845A1 publication Critical patent/EP3891845A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
    • H01R4/36—Conductive members located under tip of screw
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
    • H01R11/12—End pieces terminating in an eye, hook, or fork
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
    • H01R11/16—End pieces terminating in a soldering tip or socket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/64—Connections between or with conductive parts having primarily a non-electric function, e.g. frame, casing, rail

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power supply arrangement, a concrete component, associated methods and an associated use.
  • Power supply arrangements are often used in applications in which a reliable electrically conductive connection with high current carrying capacity is important. If a power supply arrangement has already been installed incorrectly during assembly or can no longer reliably provide the electrical contact due to a malfunction, this can lead to considerable problems. In the application example of a grounding connector, such an error can remain undetected for a long time, it only being noticed in the case of a critical condition, such as a short circuit, that the desired current carrying capacity is not available at all.
  • the invention relates to a power supply arrangement.
  • the current supply arrangement has a current conductor, a connecting element, a number of screws and a cable.
  • the screws are fastened to the connecting element and connected to it in an electrically conductive manner.
  • At least one screw penetrates at its end facing the current conductor, forming an electrically conductive connection between screw and conductor into the conductor.
  • the cable is attached to the connecting element in an electrically conductive manner for the electrical connection of the connecting element.
  • a particularly reliable and permanent electrically conductive connection between the current conductor and the connecting element and the cable attached to it can be established by means of the current routing arrangement according to the invention.
  • a loosening or damage to the electrical connection is prevented by the penetration of the screw into the current conductor.
  • such a connection is easy to establish and reliably controllable.
  • the design described ensures in particular that an electrically conductive connection is established from the current conductor to the connecting element and further to the cable. This is typically done using the screws already mentioned.
  • the connecting element can in particular be designed as a stable element. For example, it may have a length, height and / or width of more than 5 cm, more than 10 cm or more than 20 cm. It is preferably formed from an electrically conductive material, so that it itself ensures electrical conductivity between the cable and the current conductor.
  • the connecting element can in particular be designed to hold the screws themselves in position and to absorb a counterforce caused by the contact with the current conductor.
  • the current-carrying arrangement can preferably have a current-carrying element.
  • the current conductor can be electrically conductively connected to the current-carrying element.
  • the current conductor can also be part of the current-carrying element.
  • a current-carrying element can in particular be understood to mean a conductive element which, in the event of contact with a live conductor, shorts it, in particular against earth.
  • Current guiding elements of this type can be used, for example, in the vicinity of live contact wires of rail vehicles. Due to the high power requirements of rail vehicles, for example trains, such contact wires typically carry very high voltages of several kV.
  • the current-carrying element is arranged within a concrete body and that an impacting contact wire first knocks off part of the concrete before it strikes the current-carrying element.
  • a current-carrying element does not necessarily have to be provided for earthing. It can also be an element that provides high current carrying capacity in other situations.
  • the current-carrying element is not to be confused with an earth electrode, which can actually make contact with a ground.
  • Such an earth electrode can be connected to the cable, for example, and can also be regarded as part of the current-carrying arrangement.
  • the earth electrode can be connected to the current-carrying element in a preferred manner.
  • the design of a current-carrying arrangement described here enables a particularly advantageous connection of a current-carrying element to an earth electrode, since a particularly simple and easily checkable electrical connection can be formed by means of the screws already described.
  • the current-carrying element can be, for example, a reinforcing steel mat, a steel plate and / or a current conductor designed as a ribbed reinforcing steel. It can also be an earthing grid, an earthing plate or an earthing rod. Such elements can in particular be provided to provide grounding over a certain area or area, so that the respective current-carrying element is quickly hit, for example, by a loose, live end of a torn contact wire. However, the current-carrying elements can also be used for other tasks.
  • a reinforcing steel mat can be, for example, a wire mesh made of welded bars, in particular made of reinforcing steel.
  • the current guiding element or the current guiding elements can in particular be made of steel, structural steel, reinforcing steel or reinforcing steel. This enables a combination of high strength and good current conductivity to be achieved.
  • a current carrying element can also take on load-bearing tasks, for example.
  • other materials can also be used for a current-carrying element.
  • the current conductor which is electrically conductively connected to the current-carrying element as described above, can be formed, for example, in one piece with the current-carrying element and / or from the same material as the current-carrying element. This enables a particularly stable connection and simple manufacture.
  • the current conductor can also be made of a different material. For example, it can be welded or soldered to the current-carrying element.
  • the connecting element has a taper in an end region, where the connecting element can in particular be pressed onto the cable.
  • an area can be provided into which the cable is inserted, preferably at least part of the inserted area being uninsulated on the outside. The area can then be clamped or crimped, for example, so that the cable is held permanently on the connecting element.
  • a direct electrical connection can also be formed.
  • the area can also taper, so that a taper is formed.
  • other techniques can also be used to fasten the cable to the connecting element, for example pressing, gluing, welding or soldering.
  • An exposed area of the cable can also be used here in particular.
  • the cable can in particular be flexible and / or flexible. This enables a particularly simple connection of elements such as earthing or earthing connectors to the cable, since the cable can be laid freely and can lead, for example, over longer distances and / or around other elements. Alternatively, however, a rigid cable can also be used, or the cable can be rigid or flexible in sections.
  • the cable can have an insulating sheath along a predominant portion. This allows an internal conductor to be protected and unwanted current flow to be prevented.
  • the cable can also have no insulating sheath in one or more partial areas. In such partial areas, for example, a current conductor without insulation can be present, or a current conductor can be bare. This enables advantageous electrical contacting, in particular for connection to the connecting element or a connecting element.
  • the current-carrying arrangement can in particular have an electrical connection element which is connected to the cable opposite the connection element.
  • This connection element can be provided, for example, for connecting the cable to other current-carrying parts, for example to an earth electrode, which can be connected to the connection element.
  • a connection element can be an element which is used during the Production of a concrete component or another element is arranged on a formwork and can thus be electrically contacted from the outside even after a concreting process.
  • the electrical connection element can be designed, for example, as a plate press sleeve with a plate, or as a weld-on tab with a flat end, or as a cable lug with an eyelet, or as a block connector. This enables a simple connection to other conductors.
  • a connection element can also be designed or used to connect a plurality of cables or a plurality of current conductors to one another. This enables an electrical connection to be established, for example, between a plurality of current conductors, which means that they can be grounded together, for example.
  • connection elements in the form of welding straps can be welded together for this purpose.
  • two, three or more cables can be connected to each other.
  • the current supply arrangement can preferably have a current carrying capacity of at least 20,000 amperes or of at least 40,000 amperes. This can be particularly advantageous for earthing purposes, for example in the railway sector.
  • a current carrying capacity can in particular be understood to mean a current which can flow in a time period of 0.1 seconds to one second and at the same time a temperature increase caused by the current remains below 260 K.
  • Typical current carrying capacities can be between 25 kA and 45 kA, for example.
  • the current routing arrangement preferably has a resistance between the conductor and the cable of less than 50 microohms or less than 200 microohms.
  • the current carrying arrangement can also have a resistance between 1 microohm and 50 microohm. Such values are particularly suitable for earthing purposes, for example in the railway sector, and can lead to the advantageous current carrying capacity already mentioned.
  • An end or center stop is preferably arranged as a position control for the current conductors to be accommodated in a bore of the connecting element between or behind the longitudinal ends. This enables advantageous control of the insertion of the conductor to be achieved.
  • the current supply arrangement can have at least one screw, which has a predetermined breaking point, through which the screw has a defined breaking torque and can no longer be released after a break.
  • the screw can be tightened normally, but breaks apart at a defined breaking torque. For example, a head of the screw can tear off or break off when the predetermined breaking point is between the head and the rest of the screw.
  • Each screw preferably penetrates into the current conductor at its end facing the current conductor, forming an electrically conductive connection between the screw and the current conductor. However, only a part of the screws can be processed so that they actually penetrate the conductor.
  • any number can be used with regard to the number of screws, for example one screw, two screws, three screws or even more than three screws.
  • the current conductor can be designed, for example, as a rod or cable or as a strand. For example, it can have a compact cross section.
  • the cross-section can be round, for example, but it can also be flattened or almost or completely square, square or polygonal.
  • the current conductor is preferably made of conductive metal or a conductive metal alloy.
  • a conductive design is understood to mean in particular an electrically conductive design.
  • the screws penetrating into the current conductor preferably penetrate through a surface layer of the current conductor into a core material of the current conductor. This can take into account in particular the fact that current conductors are delivered at least partially due to the manufacture with an oxide or scale layer on the surface. Such layers have a significantly poorer electrical resistance than pure metal. Accordingly, it can be advantageous to penetrate such layers and to enable a low-resistance connection in the core of the material. However, the respective layer can also be useful at the same time, since it passivates the current conductor to the outside and protects it against unwanted contacts.
  • the screws preferably have at their ends facing the current conductor a section which tapers towards the current conductor.
  • the respective screw can thus advantageously penetrate into the current conductor, an increased force being able to be applied locally.
  • an outer layer on the conductor can be broken through.
  • the sections tapering towards the current conductor can, for example, be conical, pointed, frustoconical or pyramid-shaped. Such designs have proven themselves for typical applications.
  • the tapered sections can be the same for all screws used, but they can also be designed differently.
  • the screws are preferably received in a respective transverse bore of the connecting element with an internal thread complementary to an external thread of the screw. An advantageous fastening of the screws to the connecting element can thereby be achieved.
  • the screws typically have a longitudinal direction which is oriented transversely to the current conductor. Accordingly, they are typically also screwed in in a direction transverse to the current conductor or to a longitudinal direction of the current conductor.
  • all transverse bores are arranged along a line which runs parallel to a longitudinal axis of the connecting element.
  • a part of the transverse bores are arranged along a line which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis, and a part of the transverse bores is arranged circumferentially offset thereto.
  • the transverse bores can be provided at different radial positions, which can be advantageous, for example, for certain mounting situations.
  • the current conductor can be, for example, a rod, a steel rod, a structural steel rod, a ribbed steel rod, a cable or a strand. Such designs have proven themselves for typical applications.
  • the current conductor can have, for example, a compact, round or even flattened or almost or completely angular, for example square or polygonal, cross section.
  • the current conductor can be formed, for example, from conductive metal or from a conductive metal alloy.
  • the current conductor can have a number of projections, for example. This can correspond, for example, to training as a concrete ribbed bar.
  • the connecting element is designed to receive a respective current conductor at a first longitudinal end as well as at a second longitudinal end, and further has, for example, respective transverse bores for screwing in the screws on at least one of the two longitudinal ends. It can also have respective transverse bores at both longitudinal ends for screwing in the screws.
  • the connecting element can be designed to connect two current conductors to one another and to achieve the advantages already mentioned at the beginning.
  • the connecting element can in particular be designed as a double connector. This can be done, for example, in the manner just described, that is, by training to accommodate two current conductors at respective longitudinal ends.
  • An end or center stop is preferably arranged as a position control for the current conductors to be accommodated in a bore of the connecting element between or behind the longitudinal ends. In this way it can be achieved that the respective current conductors can only be pushed as far as the respective end or center stop and in this way it can also be checked whether they have been pushed in sufficiently far, for example up to the stop.
  • a deeply screwed screw can be used as a stop.
  • a head of the screw can remain on it, for example, which serves for visual control.
  • the conductors may not be fully in contact.
  • the connecting element can be designed, for example, as a plate connector or plate press sleeve.
  • a plate can be attached at the end, in particular opposite to a receptacle for the current conductor.
  • a design as a plate connector can be advantageous, for example, for connecting cable lugs, it being possible for example for a connecting tube of the plate connector to be provided with an internally threaded bore.
  • This connecting tube can, for example, be identical to that which receives the respective current conductor.
  • the connecting element can have, for example, a disc lying transversely to the longitudinal axis of the connecting element at one longitudinal end. Other objects such as cable lugs can be attached to this, for example.
  • the connecting element can also be designed as a block connector.
  • the connecting element can have a section at one longitudinal end with a larger diameter than the rest of the connecting element.
  • the connecting element can have, for example, an integrally formed, widened, for example cylindrical end or other solidly shaped block. This can have a bore and an internal thread, for example. It can thus offer a sufficiently large contact surface for a cable lug.
  • a connector for example, a receptacle for the current conductor can be provided at a longitudinal end opposite the block or the section with a larger diameter. There can also be holes for the screws.
  • Steel conductors for example, can also be welded to the solid block or to the section with a larger diameter.
  • the connecting element can, for example, take up a rigid current conductor in one end and take up a cable at the other end, which ends in a further connecting element such as a plate press sleeve with a plate or a welding tab with a flat end or cable lug with an eyelet or another press connector or block connector .
  • a connection solution which is advantageous in numerous situations can be achieved, in which, for example, the current conductor is connected using the connecting element and the cable, which can be arranged at a clear distance from the current conductor and can also be arranged flexibly.
  • the connecting element can have, for example, a weld-on tab.
  • a welding tab allows a wide variety of elements such as cables or other electrical connecting means to be welded on in a simple and flexible manner.
  • the connecting element can have, for example, a cable lug with an eyelet formed therein.
  • the cable lug can also be designed without an eyelet formed therein.
  • the connecting element can be connected to a cable at one longitudinal end. This enables a direct electrical connection to be made to the cable.
  • the cable can be received in a sleeve at its longitudinal end opposite the connecting element. With this sleeve, the cable can in turn be electrically connected to other components.
  • the cable can also be connected to a welding tab at its end opposite the connecting element.
  • This can in particular be flat.
  • other electrical components can be welded to such a weld-on lug and thereby electrically connected in a simple and flexible manner.
  • the cable can be connected to a cable lug at its longitudinal end opposite the connecting element.
  • an eyelet can be formed in this.
  • Such a cable lug can be used to establish a direct electrical connection to a cable or a strand.
  • the cable can be connected to a further connecting element at its longitudinal end opposite the connecting element. This enables a connection to be established between two connecting elements.
  • Each connecting element is typically designed to be electrically connected to a respective current conductor. Due to the embodiment just described with a cable that electrically connects two connecting elements, a connection between the two current conductors can also be established in this way.
  • the connecting element can be connected to a further current conductor at a longitudinal end opposite the current conductor.
  • the connecting element can be designed as a double connector, as already described above. With such an embodiment, an electrical connection between two current conductors can be established by means of the connecting element without additional components apart from the screws being required for this.
  • the power supply arrangement can be a grounding connector, for example.
  • a grounding connector for example.
  • Such a device can be used, for example, in an earth connection, which is typically used to provide a defined potential as ground and, for example, to temporarily derive a high current in the event of a short circuit or another malfunction.
  • the power supply arrangement can, for example, form a high-current connection.
  • a high-current connection is understood in particular to mean a connection which is capable of this is to absorb high electrical currents for a short time or even for a long time without showing excessive heat development, in particular without deforming due to the heat.
  • the current carrying arrangement can have a current carrying capacity of at least 20,000 A, for example.
  • the current carrying arrangement further preferably has a current carrying capacity of at least 40,000 A. Such current carrying capacities have proven to be advantageous for typical applications.
  • a current carrying capacity can in particular be understood as a current which can flow in a period of 0.1 s to 1 s and in which case a temperature increase caused by the current remains below 260 K.
  • Typical currents can be between 25,000 A and 45,000 A, for example.
  • the current carrying arrangement can have a resistance of less than 50 mW or less than 200 mW, for example. Such resistors have proven to be advantageous for typical applications. A resistance between 1 mW and 50 mW can also be provided for particularly resistance-sensitive applications. It has been shown that by designing the current-carrying arrangement according to the invention, it is possible to achieve such lower resistances even when the design is robust and resistant to high currents.
  • the screws are tear-off screws. This can apply to all screws or only to a part of the screws used.
  • the screws can also be threaded parts of tear-off screws after a respective head has been torn off. Such threaded parts can also be referred to as stubs.
  • the screws can thus in particular be stubs of tear-off screws. In particular, this can mean that during a manufacturing process the screws initially had a head, which, however, was torn off during the manufacturing process.
  • tear-off screws can in particular ensure that they are screwed in to a certain torque and that the respective head tears off when a certain torque is reached.
  • the invention further relates to a concrete component.
  • the concrete component has a concrete body. It has a current-carrying arrangement as described above with reference to a current-carrying element.
  • the current-carrying element of the current-carrying arrangement is wholly or partly contained in the concrete body. In this way, for example, it can be provided that in the event of a contact with a live contact wire, rapid grounding takes place, as described above.
  • the cable can in particular lead out of the concrete body. It can also be embedded in the interior of the concrete body and guided to the surface of the concrete body and / or connected to an electrical connection element embedded in the concrete body and accessible from outside the concrete body. In this way, grounding or another electrical connection can be made possible in an advantageous manner.
  • possible connection elements reference is made, for example, to the above description.
  • the invention further relates to a method for forming a current routing arrangement with an electrically conductive connection between a current conductor and at least one cable, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Connection element are formed, wherein an electrically conductive connection between a respective screw and the connection element is formed,
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a concrete component, the method comprising the following steps:
  • a concrete component can advantageously be produced, in particular for the uses already described.
  • a current-carrying element for example a reinforcing steel mat
  • the invention further relates to the use of a number of screws to form a current routing arrangement between a current conductor and a cable which is fastened to a connecting element. As has already been mentioned with regard to the power routing arrangement and method, this has proven to be a particularly simple and reliable procedure.
  • the invention further relates to a method for forming a current bridge with an electrically conductive connection between a current conductor and at least one connecting element.
  • the process has the following steps:
  • an electrically conductive connection can advantageously be established by means of a current bridge.
  • the screws can typically be screwed in so far that they penetrate the current conductor as already described above and thereby establish a reliable and permanent connection. The penetration also results in a flat connection which is less susceptible to corrosion.
  • Each screw preferably contacts the current conductor and forms an electrically conductive connection between current conductor and screw when penetrating into the current conductor. Alternatively, however, only a part of the screws used can contact the current conductor and thereby form an electrical connection.
  • At least one, preferably each screw preferably has, at its end facing the current conductor, a section which tapers towards the current conductor. As already explained above, this allows a selective pressure to be built up, which can, for example, facilitate penetration of an outer layer of the current conductor.
  • a tapered section can in principle be deformed, it being particularly important in the presence of a non-current-conducting layer on the current conductor to penetrate the surface or the layer of the current conductor and to be electrically pointed inside without to connect essential resistance. Therefore, the screw or its tip or tapered section will typically deform only slightly.
  • the method preferably comprises screwing in a positioning screw through a transverse bore in the connecting element.
  • the current conductor is preferably pushed into the connecting element until it adjoins the position screw.
  • a later position control of the current conductor in the connecting element is preferably made possible due to the fact that the screws can be screwed in at different depths.
  • screws can be used which are of the same length or whose respective stubs are of the same length after the head has been torn off. The screw depth of different depths can then be ensured, for example, by a height variation in the current conductor.
  • screws of different lengths or screws with stubs of different lengths can also be used.
  • the remnants or stubs of the torn-off screws which protrude at different distances preferably enable a subsequent position control of the current conductor in the connecting element.
  • the position controls mentioned can be the end or center stops already mentioned above. In this regard, reference is made to the above. It is particularly advantageous that it can be seen from a simple glance whether the current conductor has been inserted correctly and whether it is in its correct position.
  • the penetration preferably results in an electrical connection that is as resistant as possible.
  • an electrical connection with as little resistance as possible can be formed if an insulating layer on the current conductor, if there is one, is pierced by the respective screw and then the interior of the current conductor is contacted.
  • the screws are preferably rotated to penetrate to a predetermined torque. A certain amount of penetration can thereby be ensured, but at the same time an overuse of the material can be prevented.
  • the predetermined torque can preferably be set for a respective screw in that the respective screw has a head which is connected to the rest of the screw in such a way that it breaks off when the predetermined torque is reached. This makes it easy to specify up to which torque the respective screw should be screwed in. In particular, this can already be specified by the manufacturer of the screw or the power connector, so that sources of error, such as incorrectly set or incorrectly used torque wrenches, are prevented.
  • the tear-off head can be connected to the rest of the screw via a predetermined breaking point.
  • a predetermined breaking point can be, for example, a point with a locally smaller radius.
  • the screws are preferably designed as tear-off screws. In this way, for example, the already mentioned ability to adjust the maximum torque can be achieved in a simple manner.
  • the screws are preferably designed to be rotated up to a predetermined torque and then to remain in the connecting element with their threaded portion while tearing off a respective head of the screw.
  • the torque limitation already mentioned above can be implemented in an advantageous manner.
  • the tear-off screws can ensure, for example, an undetachable, non-manipulable, optically perceptible and / or controllable electrically conductive connection. In particular, it can be checked with a simple glance whether the heads have been torn off. In this case, it can be assumed with a high degree of certainty that the screws have been screwed in with the required or desired torque and have therefore also produced an electrically conductive connection in the desired manner.
  • the predetermined torque can also be set using a torque wrench.
  • a depth of penetration of the screw into the current conductor is preferably correlated with the predetermined torque. This enables a defined electrical connection to be established.
  • a current routing arrangement is preferably formed by means of the method.
  • this can be a current routing arrangement according to the invention. All versions and variants described here can be used.
  • partial current bridges are prepared in one work step with the aid and combination of several of the elements of the current routing arrangement according to the invention final assembly in such a way that more than two current conductors can be connected by connecting elements with tear-off screws alone. This allows the workflow on a construction site to be considerably simplified and carried out more safely.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a number of screws to form a current-carrying arrangement between a current conductor and a connecting element, in particular according to a current-carrying arrangement according to the invention. All of the designs and variants described here can be used.
  • connecting elements are mentioned. These are in particular those which are not, or at least not necessarily, connected directly to a cable. Such designs can be used in the context of alternative designs of a power supply arrangement.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a current-carrying arrangement according to an alternative embodiment
  • FIG. 25 an arrangement of a plurality of current-carrying arrangements which are connected to one another
  • FIG. 26 three current-carrying arrangements which are connected to one another
  • Fig. 27 a concrete component.
  • FIG. 1 shows part of a current-carrying arrangement 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the current routing arrangement 10 has a current conductor 20. This is designed as a concrete ribbed rod and therefore has a plurality of projections 22 on its outside.
  • the current conductor can be made, for example, of steel, copper, aluminum, brass, zinc or an alloy made of or with these components.
  • the current conductor 20 is also coated with an oxide layer, not shown separately, which forms an increased electrical resistance on the surface than in the interior of the current conductor 20.
  • the power supply arrangement 10 has a connecting element 30.
  • the current conductor 20 is accommodated in this as shown.
  • a number of transverse bores 32 are formed, which in the present case are arranged along a line running along the current conductor 20.
  • a respective screw 40 is inserted into each of the transverse bores 32.
  • the screws 40 or the bores 32 have mutually complementary external or internal threads, which are not shown separately.
  • Each screw 40 has a respective conical or tapered section 42. If the respective screw 40 is screwed in in the direction of the current conductor 20, the already mentioned oxide layer of the current conductor 20 can be broken by means of the tapered section 42. This can a particularly advantageous electrical connection can be achieved directly between the screw 40 and the current conductor 20 or the interior of the current conductor 20.
  • Each screw 40 has a respective head 46, in which a respective inner profile 48 is formed.
  • the respective screw 40 can be rotated in a known manner by means of the inner profile 48, for example by means of an Allen key.
  • an internal hexagon profile is provided, but a different internal profile or alternatively an external profile can also be used.
  • a respective predetermined breaking point 44 is formed between the respective head 46 and the rest of the screw 40.
  • This predetermined breaking point 44 is designed such that when a certain torque is applied to the inner profile 48 or, generally speaking, to the head 46, the head 46 tears off the rest of the screw 40. This makes it possible to ensure that each screw 40 can be screwed in with a torque predefined by the predetermined breaking point 44 and that the respective head 46 tears off when this predefined torque is reached.
  • This torque is typically selected so that the screw 40 with its tapered section 42 penetrates the aforementioned oxide layer of the current conductor 20 and thus establishes a reliable permanent electrical connection to the interior of the current conductor 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the current guide arrangement 10 on a screw 40. It can be seen that the current conductor 20 is not arranged in the center of the connecting element 30 and can be easily pressed against one side of the connecting element 30 by screwing in the screw 40 . As already described, electrical contacting can be produced.
  • the proportions of the current conductor 20 to the connecting element 40 show, by way of example, how the small conductor can be centered and held in the connecting element 40 with a single tear-off screw line.
  • FIG. 3 shows the current-carrying arrangement 10 with heads 46 of the screws 40 which have already been torn off. Only stubs of the screws 40 thus remain, the respective conically tapering sections 42 penetrating into the current conductor 20. This is also shown separately in an enlarged view. Correspondingly, a respective depression 24 is formed in the current conductor 20 by the penetration of the screw 40, as a result of which a reliable and permanent electrical connection is established.
  • a respective head 46 of the screws 40 can be actuated by means of an Allen key 60 which engages in the respective inner profile 48. It is not necessary to use a torque wrench since the respective predetermined breaking point 44 ensures that the correct torque is used.
  • a hexagon wrench or a ratchet wrench or an electric screwdriver can be used for the Allen key 60.
  • This can be equipped with a protocol (stored or telemetric) to document the processes for quality assurance purposes.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a current guide arrangement 10 with an end stop 70.
  • the end stop 70 consists of an additional screw which is screwed in through a transverse bore 32 of the connecting element 30 and up to which the current conductor 20 is pushed in the connecting element 30. A correct position of the current conductor 20 in the connecting element 30 can thereby be ensured.
  • the screw used as the end stop 70 is screwed further into the connecting element 30 than the other screws 40.
  • the head of the screw used as the end stop 70 is typically not torn off. However, if the head is torn off, the remaining stub is lower. This can be used optically to check the correct assembly.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a current carrying arrangement 10 according to an alternative embodiment. Not all cross bores 32 are arranged along a line, but at least two cross bores are circumferentially spaced apart. This allows screws 40 to be screwed in at different points on the circumference. As can be seen in FIG. 5, an additional screw 50 was screwed in at a position circumferentially spaced from the screw 40. This can facilitate the contacting of the current conductor 20.
  • the current conductor 20 here has a smaller diameter compared to the embodiment in FIG. 2. Due to the greater scope, a two-row, angularly offset arrangement of centering tear-off screws is useful here, for example, in order to center the current conductor 20. In particular with clean centering, the surface of the conductor can be broken with the screw tips.
  • FIG. 6 shows a connecting element 30 with the transverse bores 32 formed therein and a screw 40 before insertion.
  • a cable 84 is connected opposite the area in which the current conductor 20 is received.
  • a taper 41 is formed on the connecting element 30, which is put over the cable 84.
  • the complete cable 84 can have a conductive surface, or it can be stripped at least within the taper 41 or provided with an electrically conductive surface, so that a good electrical connection is formed from the connecting element 30 to the cable 84.
  • Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of a connecting element 30, wherein there are twice as many transverse bores 32 as in the embodiment according to Fig. 6. This enables a double connection to be carried out, i.e. a respective current conductor can be inserted from both longitudinal ends of the connecting element 30 and fastened with four screws each. This enables a direct connection of two current conductors by means of only one connecting element 30 and respective screws.
  • Fig. 8 shows an alternative connecting element 30, which is designed as a plate connector or plate press sleeve.
  • a washer 80 is arranged at the end, in which an internal thread 81 is in turn formed. This allows other components such as cable lugs or other connections to be screwed in or welded on.
  • Two nail holes are formed in the disk 80, which can be used, for example, for attaching the connecting element 30 to a concrete formwork.
  • the connecting element 30 has a section 82 with a larger diameter, which is arranged at one longitudinal end.
  • a bore with an internal thread 83 is arranged therein.
  • Other components can also be easily attached or welded to this.
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a current-carrying arrangement 10, a cable 84 being connected to the connecting element 30.
  • a plate connector or a plate press sleeve 90 with a washer or a plate 92 is arranged on the cable 84 at an opposite longitudinal end.
  • the same connection principle can be used as in the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the plate 92 being able to be positioned more flexibly in space due to the flexibility of the cable 84.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a modified in comparison to Fig. 10 in that instead of the plate press sleeve 90, a welding tab 86 is connected to the cable 84.
  • a welding tab 86 is connected to the cable 84.
  • FIG. 12 shows a further alternative embodiment, with a cable lug 88 with an eyelet 89 formed therein instead of the welding tab 46.
  • a cable can be connected to this, for example, or a connecting screw can be passed through the eyelet 89 in order to establish a current-conducting connection.
  • FIG. 13 shows yet another alternative embodiment, wherein a respective connecting element 30 with a current conductor 20 accommodated therein is arranged on both longitudinal ends of the cable 84, the respective current conductors 20 being fastened by means of respective screws 40.
  • two current conductors 20 can be electrically conductively connected to one another via the connecting elements 30 and the cable 84, the cable 84 providing a certain flexibility.
  • FIG. 14 shows an alternative embodiment in which a respective cable 84 is fastened by means of respective screws 40 at both longitudinal ends of a connecting element 30, which is designed in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 7.
  • the screws 40 can penetrate a possible outer sheath of the cable 84 and thus establish an electrically conductive connection via the connecting element 30 between the two cables 84.
  • FIG. 15 shows an alternative embodiment in which a further current conductor 20 is directly connected to the connecting element 30 of the current-carrying arrangement 10, and a plate press sleeve 90 with a plate 92 is in turn connected to its opposite longitudinal end.
  • two current conductors 20 can be connected to one another by means of the connecting element 30 and a functionality for connecting further components can be provided by the plate connector or the plate press sleeve 90.
  • FIG. 16 shows an alternative connecting element 30, which is designed as a block connector according to FIG. 9, with current conductor 30 and screws 40 inserted therein.
  • FIG. 17 shows this embodiment in another view. The typical use of the connecting element 30 designed as a block connector for receiving and fastening a current conductor 20 is thus shown.
  • FIG. 18 shows the connecting element 30 designed as a plate connector according to FIG. 8 with the current conductor 20 and screws 40 inserted therein.
  • FIG. 19 shows the connecting element 30 according to FIG. 7, which represents a double connector, with two current conductors 20 and screws 40 inserted therein for fastening them.
  • FIG. 20 shows separately a current conductor 20 with projections 22 visible thereon.
  • FIG. 21 shows a cable 84 with a current-conducting strand 85 and an insulating sheath 87.
  • This cable 84 can be removed typically bend flexibly and can be used in all versions in which a cable is provided.
  • the sleeve 87 can be partially removed when inserted into an opening for the conductive connection.
  • the sheath 87 can be removed along a section which is inserted into the taper 41 already mentioned, so that an electrical contact with as little resistance as possible is formed there.
  • FIGS. 20 to 24 show a cable lug 88 with eyelet 89 separately.
  • 23 shows a welding tab 86 separately.
  • 24 shows a plate connector or a plate press sleeve 90 with plate 92 separately.
  • the components shown in FIGS. 20 to 24 can be used accordingly in the previously described exemplary embodiments.
  • the components shown in FIGS. 22 to 24 represent electrical connection elements which can be used to connect the cable 84 to further components, for example an earth electrode.
  • FIG. 25 shows three cables 84, each with a weld-on tab 86 and an oppositely attached connecting element 30, the three weld-on tabs 86 being welded to one another as shown. An electrically conductive connection between the three cables 84 can thereby be achieved.
  • the connecting elements 30 which are respectively fastened thereon and the current conductors 20 accommodated therein can also be electrically connected to one another.
  • 26 shows an embodiment in which two cables 84, each with a connecting element 30 attached thereto and a current conductor 20 inserted therein, are inserted into a further jointly used connecting element 30, in which a current conductor 20 is inserted on the opposite side, which is fastened with screws 40 is attached. This enables an electrically conductive connection to be established between the cables 84 and ultimately between the current conductors 20.
  • FIG. 27 shows a concrete component 1 purely schematically. This has an electrical power supply arrangement 10 corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 12.
  • the concrete component 1 has a concrete body 2, which is shown here only schematically as a cuboid.
  • the connecting element 30 with the screws 40 and the current conductor 20 are arranged entirely within the concrete body 2.
  • the cable 84 is connected to the connecting element 30 within the concrete body 2, but leads out of the concrete body 2.
  • the connection element in the form of a cable lug 88, which is arranged on the cable 84 opposite the connecting element 30, is thus arranged outside the concrete body 2.
  • a current guiding element 3 in the form of a rod made of rebar is attached to the current conductor 20 in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the current-carrying element 3 is arranged entirely within the concrete body 2. Due to the embodiment shown, the rod forming the current guiding element 3 can be connected to the cable lug 88 from outside the concrete body 2. If the cable lug 88 is connected to an earth electrode, for example, the current-carrying element 3 is also earthed. If, for example, a high-tension torn contact wire of a railway line strikes the concrete body 2 at high speed, it damages the concrete body 2 and thereby comes into electrical contact with the current-carrying element 3. As a result, the contact wire is grounded, which triggers a fuse and disconnects the contact wire.
  • the invention includes:
  • An electrical power supply arrangement comprising
  • the current-carrying element (3) is a reinforcing steel mat, a steel plate and / or a current conductor designed as a ribbed steel.
  • the current-carrying element (3) is made of steel, structural steel or rebar.
  • connecting element (30) has a taper (41) in an end region, where it is pressed onto the cable (84).
  • the cable (84) is flexible and / or flexible
  • the cable (84) having an insulating sheath (87) along a predominant portion and having no insulating sheath in one or more portions.
  • the power supply arrangement (10) has an electrical connection element which is connected opposite the connecting element (30) on the cable (84).
  • the electrical connection element being designed as a plate press sleeve (90) with a plate (92), or as a weld-on tab (86) with a flat end, or as a cable lug (88) with an eyelet (89), or as a block connector (82).
  • the current carrying arrangement (10) has a current carrying capacity of at least 20,000 amperes or of at least 40,000 amperes.
  • the current carrying arrangement (10) has a resistance between the current conductor (20) and the cable (84) of less than 50 microohms or less than 200 microohms,
  • the current carrying arrangement (10) has a resistance between 1 microohm and 50 microohm.
  • an end or center stop (70) is arranged as a position control for the current conductors (20) to be accommodated in a bore of the connecting element (30) between or behind the longitudinal ends.
  • the current carrying arrangement (10) has at least one screw (40) with a predetermined breaking point (44), through which the screw (40) has a defined breaking torque and can no longer be released after a break.
  • a concrete component having
  • the cable (84) leads out of the concrete body (2), or wherein the cable (84) embedded in the interior of the concrete body (2) is guided to the surface of the concrete body (2) and with a recessed in the concrete body (2) from outside the concrete body (2) accessible electrical connection element is connected.
  • a method for forming a current routing arrangement with an electrically conductive connection between a current conductor and at least one cable comprising the following steps:
  • Connection element are formed, wherein an electrically conductive connection between a respective screw and the connection element is formed,
  • a method for producing a concrete component comprising the following steps:
  • a current carrying arrangement comprising
  • the current conductor (20) being a rod, steel rod, structural steel rod, ribbed steel rod, cable or a stranded wire.
  • the aforementioned current routing arrangement wherein the current conductor (20) is formed from conductive metal or a metal alloy.
  • the connecting element (30) being designed to receive a respective current conductor (20) both at a first longitudinal end and at a second longitudinal end and has respective transverse bores for screwing in the screws (40) on at least one of the two longitudinal ends .
  • Double connector is formed.
  • an end or center stop (70) being arranged as a position control for the current conductors (20) to be accommodated in a bore of the connecting element (30) between or behind the longitudinal ends.
  • Plate connector is formed.
  • the connecting element (30) for forming a block connector having a section (82) with a larger diameter than the rest of the connecting element (30) at one longitudinal end.
  • the connecting element (30) receiving a rigid current conductor in one end and a cable (84) at the other end, which is connected in a further connecting element such as a plate press sleeve (90) with a plate (92) or a weld-on tab (86). opens with a flat end or cable lug (88) with an eyelet (89) or another connecting element (30) or block connector (82).
  • a further connecting element such as a plate press sleeve (90) with a plate (92) or a weld-on tab (86). opens with a flat end or cable lug (88) with an eyelet (89) or another connecting element (30) or block connector (82).
  • the connecting element (30) being connected at one longitudinal end opposite the current conductor (20, 84) to a further current conductor (20, 84).
  • the above-mentioned current carrying arrangement wherein the current carrying arrangement (10) has a current carrying capacity of at least 20,000 amperes.
  • the above-mentioned current carrying arrangement wherein the current carrying arrangement has a current carrying capacity of at least 40,000 amperes.
  • the above-mentioned current carrying arrangement wherein the current carrying capacity represents a current which can flow in a time period of 0.1 seconds to one second [between 25 kA and 45 kA] and at the same time a temperature increase caused by the current remains below 260 K.
  • the aforementioned current carrying arrangement wherein the current carrying arrangement (10) has a resistance of less than 50 microohms or 200 microohms.
  • the aforementioned current carrying arrangement having a resistance between 1 microohm and 50 microohm.
  • a method for forming a current bridge (10) with an electrically conductive connection between a current conductor and at least one connecting element comprising the following steps:
  • each screw contacts the current conductor and forms an electrically conductive connection between current conductor and screw by penetrating into the current conductor.
  • the method comprises inserting a position screw through a transverse bore in the connecting element before inserting the current conductor into the connecting element,
  • partial flow bridges are pre-assembled in one work step before final assembly such that the connection of more than two current conductors can be carried out by connecting elements with tear-off screws alone.

Landscapes

  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de conduction électrique qui connecte un conducteur électrique à un câble au moyen d'un élément de connexion et de vis fixées dans ce dernier. L'invention concerne en outre une pièce en béton pourvue d'un tel système de conduction électrique, ainsi que des procédés et une utilisation associés.
EP19816275.2A 2018-12-03 2019-12-03 Système de conduction électrique, pièce en béton, procédé et utilisation Pending EP3891845A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018130746.2A DE102018130746A1 (de) 2018-12-03 2018-12-03 Stromleiterbrücke und Verfahren zum Ausbilden einer Stromleiterbrücke
PCT/EP2019/083562 WO2020115082A1 (fr) 2018-12-03 2019-12-03 Système de conduction électrique, pièce en béton, procédé et utilisation

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EP3891845A1 true EP3891845A1 (fr) 2021-10-13

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EP (1) EP3891845A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113169462A (fr)
DE (1) DE102018130746A1 (fr)
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CN114295947B (zh) * 2022-01-10 2024-02-20 中车株洲电机有限公司 一种扁电磁线直线击穿电压的检测装置及检测方法
DE102023002612A1 (de) * 2023-06-28 2025-01-02 Betomax Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg BEWEHRUNG und VERBINDUNGSELEMENT dafür
EP4589781A1 (fr) * 2024-01-17 2025-07-23 NKT HV Cables AB Connecteur de jonction pour câbles d'alimentation

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EP1206024B1 (fr) * 2000-11-10 2009-07-15 Nexans Jonction de câbles utilisant un ensemble tubulaire semi-conducteur et procédé d'obtention d'un connecteur à blindage lisse
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CN113169462A (zh) 2021-07-23
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