EP3708937A1 - Installation for drying vehicle bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for drying vehicle bodies, with a drying area, a conveying device for transporting vehicle bodies through the coating area and / or the drying area, and a control device, the drying area having a treatment device for applying a treatment medium to a body surface of a vehicle body and the drying area is designed in such a way that vehicle bodies are conveyed transversely to their longitudinal extension, the control device being set up to control the treatment device and the conveying device and controlling the treatment device and conveying device in such a way that in a first phase the body surface with the treatment medium has a first intensity and a second intensity is applied in a second phase, the first intensity being higher than the second intensity.

Description

1. Field of the invention

The invention relates to a system for drying vehicle bodies, with a drying area, a conveying device for the transport of vehicle bodies through the coating area and / or the drying area, and a control device, the drying area having a treatment device for applying a treatment medium to a body surface of a vehicle body and the The drying area is designed so that vehicle bodies are conveyed transversely to their longitudinal extension. The invention also relates to a method for treating vehicle bodies with such a system.

2. Description of the prior art

Systems of the above-mentioned type are used, for example, to dry the coating applied to a vehicle body after a coating process by means of heated gas streams or by means of a heat radiation source. It has turned out to be problematic in this regard to sufficiently heat internal coated body surfaces. As a result of the shaping of vehicle bodies and the movement of a vehicle body by means of the conveying device, certain internal surfaces can only be insufficiently reached by gas flows or radiation. Inwardly means that the body surfaces either lie within the vehicle body or are located between two adjacent vehicle bodies.

Inadequate means that, on the one hand, the inner surfaces cannot be directly reached by the thermal energy of the energy source due to shading or, on the other hand, due to the relative movement between the vehicle body and the energy source, sufficient energy cannot be supplied with sufficient energy for the required period of time. This usually leads to a loss of quality.

By means of conveying through the drying area transversely to the longitudinal extent of the vehicle body, there is in principle the possibility of targeting heat energy through body openings accessible at the front, such as front and rear window cutouts or hood cutouts, into the interior of a vehicle body or between adjacent vehicle bodies. In order to also supply inner surfaces further away from the heat source with sufficient energy, the heat is discharged from the heat source with increased intensity. This in turn harbors the risk of incorrect handling of, for example, roof pillars in the rear and / and front area with excessive intensity. To counter this, an exact relative alignment of the vehicle body, in particular the cutouts to be used for the passage, and heat sources is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to improve the type and control of a conveying device for transporting vehicle bodies and / and the type of supply of the treatment energy and in particular to alleviate the disadvantages mentioned above.

This object is achieved by a system for drying vehicle bodies according to independent claim 1.

The system according to the invention for drying vehicle bodies has a drying area, a conveying device for transporting vehicle bodies through the drying area and a control device. For example, the drying area can be arranged after a coating area. However, it is also possible for other treatment areas to be arranged between a coating area and the drying area. The conveying device can be designed to convey a vehicle body, for example, from a coating area to and / or through the drying area. Alternatively, provision can also be made for the vehicle body to be repositioned between a coating area and the drying area and for the conveying device to be used only within the drying area.

In one embodiment it can be provided that the coating area is designed in such a way that vehicle bodies are conveyed along their longitudinal extent. This means that a vehicle body is picked up and conveyed by the conveyor device in such a way that the orientation of the vehicle body corresponds to that which the vehicle body assumes when a vehicle with such a body is traveling straight ahead.

The drying area has a treatment device for applying treatment energy to a body surface, such as a body surface, in particular an inner surface of a vehicle body. A body surface can be a surface located inside the vehicle body or a surface which faces an adjacent vehicle body and is thus to a certain extent located between two adjacent vehicle bodies. The treatment energy can be transmitted to the vehicle body, for example, with a treatment medium such as a heated gas flow or by means of radiation energy. The drying area is designed so that vehicle bodies are conveyed transversely to their longitudinal extent.

The control device is set up to control the treatment device and the conveying device. The control device can, for example, be a local control device that is only responsible for the drying area. Alternatively, the control device can also be a central control device which is provided for controlling the entire system for coating and drying vehicle bodies.

The control device is designed and set up to control the treatment device and the conveyor device in such a way that in the drying area the body surface is acted upon with the treatment energy with a first intensity in a first phase and with a second intensity in a second phase, the first intensity being higher than is the second intensity. The term phase here is intended to mean a treatment of partial areas of the vehicle body in the vehicle body, which is defined in terms of time and / or space Drying area can be understood. Temporal and / or spatial means here that, based on partial areas of the vehicle body, the treatment energy acts on the partial area of the vehicle body over a certain period of time and / and along a certain transport route. The intensity of the action of the treatment energy differs in the first phase from the intensity in the second phase.

In contrast to the conventional procedure, this means that energy can be supplied to specific areas of the vehicle body in a much better coordinated manner. During the first phase, a high energy supply can take place in the interior of the vehicle body or between the vehicle bodies. This assumes that there is a suitable alignment between the energy source and the vehicle body during the first phase. During the second phase, it can be taken into account, for example, that the alignment between the vehicle body and the energy source is no longer optimal. The treatment energy can then be supplied with a lower intensity.

Overall, both during the first phase and the second phase, the starting temperature in a certain section of a drying area can be higher than during the first phase and the second phase in another section of the drying area.

Alternatively or additionally, the vehicle body can be brought to a certain temperature during the first phase with the supply of energy with a high intensity, and this temperature can be maintained in a second phase with the supply of energy with a lower intensity.

In one embodiment, the system has outlet openings and / or inlet openings in a wall area, a ceiling area or a floor area of the drying area for the delivery of treatment energy, for example by means of a treatment medium or by means of radiation for an additional exposure to the vehicle body. The inlet or outlet openings can be along a first conveying path extend and thus make it possible to apply the treatment energy to the vehicle body along this route. No such inlet or outlet openings can be provided along a second conveying path.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that outlet or inlet openings for the delivery of treatment energy that are present in a wall area can be closed at least temporarily and / or their direction of action can be changed. Alternatively or additionally, in the case of a treatment medium for applying the treatment energy, the flow speed can be influenced, for example by controlling a drive unit for the treatment medium.

In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the drying area has at least two inlet openings and / or outlet openings with the same active function, the inlet and / or outlet openings being arranged in the conveying direction in such a way that the effective center distance of the inlet and / or outlet openings corresponds to the center distance or / and corresponds to half the center-to-center distance between two adjacent vehicle bodies. The vehicle bodies are advantageously in the same treatment phase.

In one embodiment it is provided that the inlet and / or outlet openings with the same active function are arranged within the drying area in such a way that the position of the inlet and / or outlet openings with the same active function are connected to the first and / or second phase. For example, the distance between the inlet and / or outlet openings can coincide with the beginning and / or the spatial end of a phase or coincide with a multiple or a fraction thereof. For example, the distance between the inlet and / or the outlet openings can correspond to half the spatial distance of a phase.

There is advantageously no further inlet and / or outlet opening between the two inlet and / or outlet openings in the transport direction.

Alternatively, a further inlet and / or outlet opening can be located between the two inlet and / or outlet openings in the transport direction.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the body surface is at least partially covered in the second phase. The partial concealment can result, for example, from a non-optimal alignment of the vehicle body and treatment device. In this case, it makes sense to supply treatment energy with low intensity.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conveying speed of a vehicle body in the first phase differs from the conveying speed of a vehicle body in the second phase. For example, it is possible to reduce the conveying speed during the first phase with a high intensity of the treatment energy and to increase the conveying speed in the second phase with a lower intensity that is already present.

In one embodiment it can be provided that the conveying speed of a vehicle body is zero in one phase. This can be the first phase, for example.

Alternatively or additionally, the second phase with the second intensity can be implemented in such a way that the treatment device does not emit any treatment energy to the interior surface of the vehicle body, that is to say that the intensity in one phase is zero. This can be the second phase, for example.

The entire treatment in the drying area is advantageously made up of the first phase and the second phase. The various treatment phases advantageously follow one another directly in terms of time and / or space.

In a likewise advantageous embodiment of the system according to the invention, the conveyor device has several conveyor units for transporting vehicle bodies through the drying area. As an alternative or in addition, the control device is designed to specify its own conveying speed and / or its own intensity for each conveying unit. The provision of at least two conveyor units for the transport of vehicle bodies makes it possible to form at least two or more conveyor areas within the total number of vehicle bodies. So it is possible to do that formed conveyor areas - that is, a combination of several conveyor units - to move relative to one another and thus to change distances between vehicle bodies belonging to different conveyor areas. Furthermore, with your own intensities, it is possible to treat different vehicle bodies differently in different conveying areas.

In this context it is particularly advantageous if exactly one conveyor unit is assigned to each vehicle body. This means that the vehicle body can be transported at its own, individually adapted conveyor speed.

A conveying area for conveying two vehicle bodies can advantageously be provided. As a result, the moving masses per conveying area can be significantly reduced and lower drive powers are required.

It is advantageously provided that at least two vehicle bodies can be moved at different speeds within a treatment room. In particular, the speed of a vehicle body can be zero. The movements at different speeds can also take place simultaneously within the same treatment room.

A further development of the system has a correction station for aligning the relative position of the vehicle body and the conveyor device. When driving, it can happen that the relative alignment of the conveyor device and the vehicle body changes, for example due to acceleration processes. This can lead to misalignment of the vehicle body with respect to a treatment facility. Such a correction station can serve to restore the originally intended relative alignment of the conveyor device and the vehicle body.

The correction station can have stop means, for example. A position change between the vehicle body and the conveying device can be made with a stop means.

In an advantageous embodiment, the stop means act in or against the main conveying direction. The stop means can be attached to a conveyor unit and / or to components of the treatment room. The stop means are preferably spring-operated or gravity-operated, such as latches, snap devices or the like. Alternatively or additionally, the stop means can be designed to be motor-operated.

A correction station can advantageously be located within the first half of a transport route within a treatment room.

Vehicle bodies are preferably conveyed on transport aids such as a skid or a traverse. The transport aids take up a vehicle body and are then guided through the treatment system, for example the drying area, with the conveyor device.

In an advantageous embodiment, in order to correct possible shifts in position of a vehicle body relative to the conveyor device, in particular to a conveyor unit, the control device can control a conveyor unit in such a way that a relative movement occurs between a vehicle body and a conveyor unit in conjunction with a stop means. For this purpose, a conveying device can advantageously be designed and controllable for reversible operation.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the conveying device has receptacles for fixing a vehicle body or a vehicle component. For example, bores can be attached to the conveying device and corresponding bolts or pins or vice versa can be attached to the vehicle body or the vehicle component or a transport aid for a vehicle body or a vehicle component. Of course, other interacting geometries are also possible, which enable a power transmission to the vehicle body or the vehicle component when the conveying device is accelerated.

In one embodiment of the system, the control device is set up to control the conveying device with a load-independent control for acceleration values. The load-independent control can, for example, be a frequency converter exhibit. A largely jolt-free starting and braking of the conveyor device reduces unwanted displacements of the vehicle body relative to the conveyor device.

When vehicle bodies are transported transversely, possibly on transport aids or transport units such as skids or traverses, acceleration processes in the main conveying direction have a greater effect than with longitudinal transport. A major influencing factor is the ratio of the distance between the center of gravity and a possible tilting edge to the distance between the center of gravity of the vehicle body and its base. While the ratio for transverse transport is 1: 1, this ratio is 7 for longitudinal transport, for example. 1. Thus, the risk of the vehicle body or of the transport aid loaded with a vehicle body tipping over when conveying in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension, in particular when accelerating in the direction of transport, is significantly increased.

Tilting here means a shift in the center of gravity of the vehicle body on a circular path around a supporting / tilting edge of the transport aid. This effect is particularly serious in modern vehicle bodies with a higher center of gravity.

In the event of such a tilting or shifting, a vehicle body can come into contact on its longitudinal side with an adjacent vehicle body. In the case of slight displacements, there is relief between the transport aid or the vehicle body and the conveying device, which in turn leads to an undesirable relative position between the vehicle body and the conveying device or conveying unit.

These effects can lead to inadequate treatment results within the treatment facility. For example, side surfaces of the vehicle body or inner surfaces cannot be subjected to thermal energy as intended.

In an advantageous embodiment of the system, it is provided that the control device is set up to control the conveying device in such a way that an increased distance in the conveying direction is generated between two adjacent vehicle bodies. The control device is advantageously set up in such a way that, when there is an increased distance, additional application of thermal energy to parts of a vehicle body is used. The parts of the vehicle body can be inner and / or outer surfaces of the vehicle body.

The application of additional thermal energy can also take place at the same time with two vehicle bodies if there is an increased distance. This can be done at the same time or at different times.

The application of thermal energy can take place at least partially from a floor area of the treatment room. The application can be improved within an enlarged distance by changing the direction of action of the heat source. For example, movable gas outlets can be provided.

A temporary increase in the distance between two adjacent vehicle bodies can also be used to determine quality parameters of the coating of the vehicle bodies or other parameters. For example, a temperature, a layer thickness and / or a degree of dryness can be determined with the aid of provided measuring sensors on vehicle body areas. This can be done, for example, along a door surface or an external threshold area.

In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the treatment room has sensors for detecting a position and / or a speed of a conveyor unit and / or position of an adjustment unit of an outlet opening and / or an inlet opening and / or a drive unit of a gas flow and / and a temperature of a vehicle body having. With the parameters mentioned, for example, the spatial position of a vehicle body interior / exterior surface can be changed, in particular optimized, in relation to the spatial arrangement in the treatment room, in particular with respect to inlet or outlet openings.

One or all of the conveyor units can advantageously be coupled to a clock generator. The clock can send a signal to terminate a transport movement Deliver reaching an optimal effective position. The clock generator can advantageously also provide signals for a variation in the conveying speed.

In a preferred embodiment, the drying area is designed and set up in such a way that vehicle bodies with alternating transverse orientation can be conveyed. Changing transverse alignment is to be understood here as meaning that the vehicle bodies, viewed in the conveying direction, are arranged in such a way that either a rear area can be located on one side or a front area on the same side with respect to the conveying direction. The vehicle bodies can be arranged alternately in a ratio of 1: 1. Alternatively, a changing arrangement or alignment of the vehicle bodies depending on the body type can also take place. In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the rear area and front area of the vehicle bodies of alternately arranged vehicle bodies are arranged between two planes which run parallel to the main conveying direction and are vertically aligned and a distance of 0 to 10 cm, preferably 10 to 20 cm or a distance from 20 to 30 cm.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the windshield opening and the rear window opening of alternately arranged vehicle bodies are arranged between two planes which run parallel to the main conveyor axis and are vertically aligned and have a distance of 0 to 10 cm, preferably 10 to 20 cm or 20 to 30 cm .

A likewise advantageous embodiment provides that a stationary gas outlet opening is provided in the drying area, which applies thermal energy to the vehicle body from below. For example, gas outlets can be arranged in the area of the delivery device, for example at points at which the vehicle body temporarily comes to a standstill in the course of delivery.

Alternatively, the gas outlets for the lower vehicle body area can be designed to be movable or to move. For example, lamellas with openings can be provided on the conveyor device, which can be supplied via a pressure chamber located below. Alternatively or additionally, the gas outlets can be movable along a certain part of the route or over the entire route within the dry area.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figur 1

in einer schematischen Querschnittsansicht einen Behandlungsraum zur Trocknung von Fahrzeugkarosserien;

Figur 2

in einer schematischen Längsschnittansicht den Behandlungsraum der Figur 1;

Figur 3

den Behandlungsraum der Figur 2 in einer anderen Stellung einer Fördervorrichtung;

Figur 4

den Behandlungsraum der Figuren 1-3 in einer schematischen isometrischen Darstellung;

Figur 5

in einer schematischen Seitenansicht eine Schwerpunktsituation bei einer auf einem Skid befestigten Fahrzeugkarosserie einem Längstransport;

Figuren 6-7

die Situation der Figur 5 bei einem Quertransport;

Figur 8

in einer symmetrischen Teil-Querschnittsansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Fördervorrichtung für einen Quertransport;

Figur 9

eine alternative Ausführungsform zu der Fördervorrichtung der Fig. 8;

Figur 10

in einer schematischen seitlichen Längsschnittansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Fördervorrichtung in einem Behandlungsraum;

Figuren 11-13

den Ablauf eines Förderplatzwechsels;

Figuren 14-17

in einer schematischen Längsschnittansicht von oben einen Behandlungsraum mit verschiedenen Fördervorrichtungen und verschiedenen Korrekturstationen;

Figuren 18-19

in schematischen Querschnittsansichten verschiedene Querausrichtungen von Fahrzeugkarosserien im Trockenbereich;

Figuren 20-22

in schematischen isometrischen Teilschnittansichten verschiedene Ausführungsformen für Bodenauslässe im Trocknungstunnel.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In these show:

Figure 1

a schematic cross-sectional view of a treatment room for drying vehicle bodies;

Figure 2

in a schematic longitudinal sectional view the treatment room of Figure 1 ;

Figure 3

the treatment room of Figure 2 in another position of a conveyor device;

Figure 4

the treatment room of Figures 1-3 in a schematic isometric view;

Figure 5

in a schematic side view, a center of gravity situation with a vehicle body fastened on a skid during longitudinal transport;

Figures 6-7

the situation of Figure 5 with a cross transport;

Figure 8

in a symmetrical partial cross-sectional view a conveyor device according to the invention for a transverse transport;

Figure 9

an alternative embodiment to the conveyor device of Fig. 8 ;

Figure 10

in a schematic lateral longitudinal sectional view of a conveyor device according to the invention in a treatment room;

Figures 11-13

the sequence of a change of funding location;

Figures 14-17

in a schematic longitudinal sectional view from above a treatment room with various conveying devices and various correction stations;

Figures 18-19

In schematic cross-sectional views, various transverse orientations of vehicle bodies in the dry area;

Figures 20-22

in schematic isometric partial sectional views various embodiments for floor outlets in the drying tunnel.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a drying area 12 of a system for coating and drying vehicle bodies 14. Figure 1 shows a section of the drying area 12, namely in particular the treatment room 16 in which workpieces in the form of vehicle bodies 14 can be dried. The drying takes place, for example, after a coating. The coating can be, for example, painting the vehicle body 14.

The dryer area 12 comprises a housing 18 which has a treatment space 20 inside. The vehicle bodies 14 can be conveyed through the treatment room 20.

The drying room 12 comprises a conveying device 22 for transporting the vehicle bodies 14 through the drying area 12. Furthermore, a control device 24 is provided.

While the vehicle bodies 14 are conveyed along their longitudinal extent in the coating area (not shown), the vehicle bodies 14 are conveyed transversely to the longitudinal extent of the vehicle bodies 14 in the drying area 12 by means of the conveying device 22.

Furthermore, the drying area 12 comprises a treatment device 26 which serves to apply treatment energy to the vehicle body.

The control device 24 is set up and designed in such a way that it controls the treatment device 26 and the conveying device 22 in such a way that, in a first phase, the body is exposed to the treatment energy with a first intensity in the dryer area 12 and in a second phase with a second intensity , the first intensity being higher than the second intensity.

The conveying device 22 conveys the vehicle bodies 14 along a main conveying direction X, which at the Figure 1 is arranged out of the plane of the sheet. The conveyor device 22 includes, for example, a chain conveyor 28. Alternatively, a roller conveyor or another suitable conveyor technology could also be used. The chain conveyor 28 is designed as a transverse chain conveyor with two tracks 27, 29.

The vehicle bodies 14 are carried by a transport aid 32 via mandrels or pins 30. The transport aid 32 can be a skid 34, for example. The transport aids 32 can be attached to the conveyor device 22, in particular to the chain conveyor 28, and are conveyed through the treatment room 20 by means of the conveyor device 22.

The treatment room 20 is at least partially formed by the outer dryer housing 18, which has two side walls 36, 38 along the conveying direction X as well as a ceiling 40 and a floor 42 arranged above and thus provides a thermally insulated interior space for the treatment room 20.

In order to act on the vehicle body 14, in particular the inner surfaces of the body 14, a heated, gaseous medium is provided as the treatment medium in the drying area 12. This is guided within the drying area 12 with gas lines 42, 44. The gas lines 42, 44 form pressure spaces within the housing 18 and are separated from the treatment space 20 by partition walls 46, 48.

The pressure chamber 42, which is arranged in the front region 50 of the vehicle body 14, is designed as an overpressure chamber. The pressure chamber 44, on the other hand, which is arranged in the rear region 52 of the vehicle body 14, is designed as a vacuum chamber.

The overpressure space 42 has two gas outlets 54, 56. A heated gas jet can be introduced into an interior space 58 of the vehicle body 14, for example, by means of the outlet openings 54, 56. The upper outlet opening 54 directs the gas jet through a windshield opening 60 of the vehicle body, the lower outlet opening 56 allows the heated gas jet to enter the body interior 58 through the front area 50, in particular through the engine compartment 62.

The vacuum line 44 arranged in the rear area 52 has, as already mentioned, the outlet opening 48 via which the heated gas jet can exit from the treatment room 20 again. Alternatively, the pressure line 44 can also be acted upon by a gas jet under excess pressure, which would then enter the rear area 52 of the vehicle body 14 via the opening 48.

The pressure chambers 42, 44 are arranged at corresponding points along the side walls 36, 38 and roughly follow the contour of the vehicle body 14, at least in sections. The pressure chamber 42 forms a main pressure duct wall 43 of the treatment chamber 20.

Figure 2 FIG. 12 illustrates dryer section 12 of FIG Figure 1 in a longitudinal sectional view. The outlet openings 54 for heated gas located in the main pressure duct wall 43 can be seen through the rear window cutouts 64 of the vehicle bodies 14. In the in Figure 2 In the situation shown in the illustration, the conveying device 22 is at rest and the gas streams that exit from the gas outlets 54 are, according to plan, in the center of the windshield opening 60 of the vehicle body 14 and enter the interior 58 of the vehicle body 14.

Another situation is in Figure 3 shown. There, the conveyor device 22 is in motion and transfers the vehicle body 14 to a second cycle or stopping place. Accordingly, the situation forms the Figure 2 a first treatment phase in which the vehicle body 14 is subjected to a high gas outlet intensity via the gas outlets 54, while in the phase of Figure 3 the vehicle body 14, the gas outlets 54 are acted upon with a reduced intensity.

For the coordinated control of the conveyor device 22 and the treatment device 26, the control device 24 is connected to the conveyor device 22 and the treatment device 26. This is symbolized by lines 66 in FIG Figure 1 shown.

Figure 4 FIG. 12 illustrates the drying area or tunnel 12 of FIG Figures 1-3 in a perspective isometric illustration without vehicle bodies 14. The cross conveyor 28 responsible for all transport aids 32 with the two can be seen

Traces 27, 29. Part of the main pressure duct wall 43 and the opposite vacuum line 44 with the one outlet opening 48 of the treatment space 20 can be seen.

Figure 5 illustrates in a schematic longitudinal sectional view the force situation when a vehicle body 14 is conveyed in the longitudinal direction, ie the transport direction corresponds to the longitudinal extension of the vehicle body 14. The center of gravity of the body 14 is represented by the symbol 70. When the vehicle body 14 accelerates, forces act on the vehicle body 14. This is illustrated by the arrow 72. At the same time, a weight, represented by the arrow 74, acts on the vehicle body 14.

First, the case should be considered in which the vehicle body 14 is conveyed at a constant speed and is braked abruptly. The braking is symbolized by the arrow 76, which is directed at a runner of the skid 34. Due to the inertia of the mass of the body 14, the force 72 acts on the center of gravity 70 and, via the distance between the center of gravity 70 and a possible tilting edge - here the front edge 78 of the skid runner of the skid 34 - causes a torque about the skid edge 78. As shown in the illustration of the Figure 5 As can be seen, this torque is comparatively low and does not lead to tilting of the vehicle body 14 or only under extreme circumstances. The same applies in the event of an abrupt acceleration of the vehicle body 14, for example from a standstill. Here, too, the torque would not be so high that the body 14 could perform a tilting movement.

The ratio of the distance between the center of gravity and the possible tilting edge 78 (for example approximately 3000 mm) to the height of the center of gravity (for example approximately 400 mm) is approximately 7.5. A tilting or slipping of the vehicle body 14 is therefore extremely unlikely.

This is different when the vehicle body 14 is conveyed with an orientation transverse to the main conveying direction X. As in particular the Figure 7 As can be seen, accelerations, such as when braking or when the speed increases, under certain circumstances lead to a complete relief of the support points of the skid 34 on the conveyor device 22. Due to the associated loss of adhesion, relative movements between the skid 34 and the conveyor device 22 can occur.

This results, among other things, from the small distance between the two skid runners of the skid 24 compared with the height of the center of gravity. With a skid track width of 1000 mm, there is a support spacing of 500 mm. Together with the already mentioned height of the center of gravity of 400 mm, this results in a low ratio of 1.25. Even low acceleration values can lead to a shift in the center of gravity and thus to a relief of the skid runners. Under certain circumstances, this produces a shift in position of the skid 34 on one of the two skid tracks of the conveying device 22. In a conveying method which provides different speeds for the different treatment phases, this effect can easily increase in a negative manner.

In order to reduce the risk of tipping over, the Figure 7 the conveyor units of the conveyor device 22 are connected to the control device 24, which provides control with a load-independent control, for example by means of a frequency converter. Thus, abrupt accelerations in or opposite to the main conveying direction X can be avoided and the risk of the vehicle body 14 tipping or slipping relative to the conveying device 22 can be avoided.

Figure 8 FIG. 11 illustrates, in a perspective isometric partial elevation view, an embodiment of a conveyor device 122 according to the invention. Features similar to those of the embodiment of FIG Figure 4 identical or comparable are provided with the same reference symbols and not explained again in order to avoid repetition.

In contrast to the conveyor device 22 of Figure 4 (as well as the Figures 1-3 ) the conveyor device 122 has a plurality of conveyor units. There are in the embodiment of Figure 8 three independently movable conveyor units 123-127 are shown, each having two tracks 123.1, 123.2. On the conveyor units 123-127, vehicle bodies (in Figure 8 not shown) by means of transport aids 32, in Figure 8 as skids 34 represented, promoted. The conveying direction is the main conveying direction X, the vehicle bodies or skids 34 are conveyed transversely to their longitudinal extension in the treatment room 20.

The conveyor units 123-127 are designed as cross chain conveyors. The respective drive motors are in the Figure 8 not shown for the sake of clarity.

Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of a conveyor device 222. Here, the individual conveyor units are shown as roller tracks 223, 225, each with individual conveyor elements 223.1, 223.2, 225.1, 225.2. The vehicle body 14 (in Figure 9 not shown) is via transport aids 32 in, Figure 9 designed in the form of cross members 35, promoted. In the example shown, two cross members 35 are connected to one another. This is not necessary if the cross members 35 are firmly connected to the vehicle body 14.

Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through a treatment room 20, for example already in FIG Figures 1 to 4 and 8 to 9 was shown. As in the Figures 8 and 9 described, each vehicle body 14 is assigned a single conveyor unit 222, which is the embodiment of Figure 10 is designed as a roller conveyor. Alternatively, the conveyor unit could also be designed as a chain conveyor. In the wall of the treatment room 20, gas outlets 54 with a corresponding beam direction 80 are symbolically indicated for each vehicle body.

Figure 11 represents a situation in the treatment room 20 of FIG Figure 10 represents, in which between two adjacent vehicle bodies 14.1 and 14.2 an enlarged distance has been generated. In the situation shown, this is used to treat an outer surface 84 of the vehicle body 14.1 in a targeted manner, for example by changing the effective direction 82 of the gas outlet 54.1 shown.

In the case of an initial form, it can be provided that all gas outlets 54 are provided with such an adjustment facility. Then the outside irradiation can be done at all Vehicle bodies 14 are made, in particular also at each treatment station within the treatment room 20. Alternatively, it is also possible to equip and control only certain areas within the treatment room 20 in this way.

Figure 12 shows an intermediate situation in which a vehicle body 14.2 is conveyed from one treatment point to another treatment point. In this situation, even two vehicle bodies 14.1, 14.3 on outer surfaces 84, 86 can be treated.

In Figure 13 once the treatment station change has been completed by the vehicle body 14.2, the next vehicle body 14.3 can already be treated on an outside 86.

Figure 14 shows a treatment room 20, for example a drying area 12, in a schematic longitudinal sectional view from above. Four vehicle bodies 14.1-14.4 are shown in dashed lines, which are stored on transport aids 32, here skids 34, and can be conveyed through the treatment room 20 by means of a conveyor device 22. The skids rest on two tracks 27, 29 which form a common conveyor unit for the four vehicle bodies 14.1-14.4 shown. The center of mass 70 is shown for each vehicle body 14. As can be seen, the center of mass is not in the middle between the two tracks 27, 29 but is shifted laterally towards one of the tracks 27. In the Figure 14 the vehicle bodies 14 are conveyed from top to bottom along the main conveying direction X.

Figure 15 shows a further section of the treatment room 20 of a dryer area 12. After the vehicle bodies 14.1-14.4 have undergone a series of accelerations, the vehicle bodies 14.2 and 14.3 have shifted with respect to the conveyor device 22. Since a large number of vehicle bodies must be moved with each movement process in the conveyor system 22 shown, correspondingly powerful drive units are required. If these are not regulated, the individual support conditions for each vehicle body 14.1-14.4 - caused for example by different vehicle body types and / and states of the transport aids 32 - result in shifts in position of the skids 34 on the cross conveyor 22.

In the in Figure 15 In the example shown, the body 14.2 has shifted in the direction of the main conveying direction X due to braking in the area of the engine compartment 62.2. In contrast, the vehicle body 14.3 in this example has been displaced on the transverse conveyor 22 counter to the main conveying direction X due to acceleration in the engine compartment area 62.3.

As a result, the intended distance between the adjacent vehicle bodies 14.2, 14.3 has decreased. As a further consequence, collisions between the vehicle bodies 14.2, 14.3 could occur. Likewise, it is no longer guaranteed that the desired intensity is reached when the interior of the vehicle bodies 14.2, 14.3 is exposed to a gas flow. There is therefore a risk of quality losses.

To correct these misalignments are in the treatment room Figure 15 Correction stations provided.

In the embodiment of Figure 15 two correction stations 90, 92 are provided. The first correction station 90 in the main conveying direction X has two stops 90.1-90.2. The stops 90.1-90.2 can be approached with a movement against the main conveying direction X. The second correction station 92, which is arranged as the second in the main conveying direction X, also has stops 92.1-92.2, which, in contrast, can be approached in the main conveying direction X.

Both correction stations 90, 92 can be actuated, for example, by spring or snap mechanisms or alternatively also by motor.

With the present in Figure 15 The situation shown, for example, the correction station 92 can be used for the vehicle body 14.2. If the conveyor device 22 is controlled in such a way that the skid 34.2 of the vehicle body 14.2 moves against the stops of the correction station 92, the stop 90.2 in particular can correct the position of the skid 34.3 on the side of the engine hood 62.2.

Correspondingly, to correct the position of the body 14.3, its skid 34.3 can use the stops 90.1-90.2 of the first correction station 90. In particular the attack 90.2 can be used to correct the misalignment of the skid 34.3 on the side of the engine hood 62.3 in reversing mode.

Figure 16 shows a further embodiment according to the invention of a dryer area 12. In the embodiment of FIG Figure 16 shows a situation in which a temporary increase in a lateral distance between two adjacent vehicle bodies was created. At the in Figure 16 The situation shown is generated both between the vehicle bodies 14.1 and 14.2 and between the vehicle bodies 14.2 and 14.3 an enlarged gap. This can be done in the embodiment of Figure 16 by suitable control of the cross chain conveyor 22, in particular the conveyor units 28.1-28.4. The individual conveyor units 28.1-28.4 can be moved independently of one another. The space created can be used, for example, for the use of measuring and / or control elements 94. These can for example have a measuring device for determining the temperature. Of course, other measuring devices such as cameras or flow detectors are also possible. The space can also be used to act on the outer surfaces of the vehicle bodies 14.1-14.3.

As in Figure 17 As has also already been described, a correction station 90 can be used to carry out the misalignment of the body 14.2 relative to the conveying device 22. The correction station 92 can, as already in FIG Figure 15 described, can be approached in reversing mode for alignment. The in Figure 17 The small distance shown between the vehicle bodies 14.2 and 14.3 is not a meaningful measurement or control by the measuring device 94 of FIG Figure 17 possible.

The Figure 18 illustrates in a schematic sectional view a further embodiment of a drying area 12, in which an alternating arrangement of vehicle bodies 114.1, 114.2 on the conveyor device 22 is possible. The same applies to the embodiment of Figure 19 .

In the Figure 18 the front area 150.2 of the vehicle body 114.2 align with the rear area 152.1 of the vehicle body 114.1 (and vice versa also the rear area 152.2 of the body 114.2 with the front area 150.1 of the body 114.1). In the embodiment of Figure 19 the front window area and the rear window area are essentially aligned.

While at the Figure 18 thus a treatment space 20 that is narrower overall is created, it widens in the embodiment of FIG Figure 19 . Conversely, possible flow paths for outlet gases in the embodiment of FIG Figure 18 different from the outlet opening to the entry into the vehicle body. This is in the embodiment of Figure 19 not the case.

The Figures 20-22 show a further embodiment of a dry area 12. In order, for example, in the case of small spacings between the vehicle bodies 14.1, 14.2 (see FIG Figure 20 ) to bring sufficient thermal energy into the lower areas of the vehicle bodies 14.1, 14.2, in particular into the sill areas 63.2, which have a comparatively large amount of material, is the case with the embodiment of FIG Figure 21 provided to provide stationary air outlets 96 for a hot treatment gas. In the embodiment of Figure 21 there are air outlets 96.1 and 96.2 in pairs below a vehicle body 14.2 in order to apply hot air to left and right rocker panels 63.2, 63.1. A corresponding supply line 97 can, for example, take the corresponding hot air from the main duct wall 43 and feed it to the outlets 96.1, 96.2. In this way, fixed spaces are created within the treatment room 20, at which the sills 63.1, 63.2 of a vehicle body 14 can be acted upon with additional hot air.

Alternatively, the air outlets can be implemented as moving openings on the conveying device 22, for example by means of a pressure chamber 99 located below, which is covered with lamellae 95.

Claims (13)

System (10) for drying vehicle bodies (14), with a coating area, a drying area (12), a conveyor device (22) for transporting vehicle bodies (14) through the coating area and / or the drying area (12) and a control device ( 24), where a) the drying area (12) has a treatment device (26) for applying treatment energy to a body surface of a vehicle body (14) and the drying area (12) is designed in such a way that vehicle bodies (14) are conveyed at least in sections transversely to their longitudinal extent, with b) the control device (24) is set up to control the treatment device (26) and the conveyor device (22) and controls the treatment device (26) and conveyor device (22) in such a way that c) in a first phase the body surface is exposed to the treatment energy with a first intensity and in a second phase with a second intensity, the first intensity being higher than the second intensity. Installation according to claim 1, wherein in the second phase the body surface is at least partially covered. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveying speed of a vehicle body (14) in the first phase is different from the conveying speed of a vehicle body in the second phase. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveying speed of a vehicle body is zero in one phase. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveyor device (22) has several conveyor units (123, 125) for the transport of vehicle bodies (14) through the drying area (12) and the control device (24) is designed to predefine each conveying unit (123, 125) its own conveying speed and / or its own intensity during a phase. Installation according to Claim 5, precisely one conveyor unit (222) being assigned to each vehicle body (14). System according to one of the preceding claims, with a correction station (90, 92) for aligning the relative position of the vehicle body (14) and the conveyor device (22). Plant according to claim 7, wherein the correction station (90, 92) is arranged in a treatment room (20). System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (24) is set up to control the conveying device (22) with a load-independent control for acceleration values. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveying device (22) is designed and controllable for reversible operation. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drying area (12) has at least two inlet openings (54) and / or outlet openings with the same active function, the inlet (54) and / or outlet openings being arranged in the conveying direction X so that the effective center distance of the Inlet (54) and / or outlet openings corresponds to the center-to-center distance between two adjacent vehicle bodies (14). Installation according to claim 11, wherein the vehicle bodies (14) are in the same treatment phase. Method for treating vehicle bodies with a system according to one of the preceding claims.

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