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EP3702061B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'objets métalliques coniques - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'objets métalliques coniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3702061B1
EP3702061B1 EP19160177.2A EP19160177A EP3702061B1 EP 3702061 B1 EP3702061 B1 EP 3702061B1 EP 19160177 A EP19160177 A EP 19160177A EP 3702061 B1 EP3702061 B1 EP 3702061B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conical
section
blank
cylinder section
pull
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19160177.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3702061A1 (fr
EP3702061C0 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Moser
Markus Jost
Sandro BERTOGG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adval Tech Holding AG
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Adval Tech Holding AG
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Priority to EP19160177.2A priority Critical patent/EP3702061B1/fr
Publication of EP3702061A1 publication Critical patent/EP3702061A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3702061B1 publication Critical patent/EP3702061B1/fr
Publication of EP3702061C0 publication Critical patent/EP3702061C0/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/26—Deep-drawing for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B21D51/10—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects conically or cylindrically shaped objects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a component from a metal sheet, wherein the component has an at least partially curved or linearly conical region and is formed starting from a cup-shaped blank with a substantially cylindrical wall section, as well as devices for carrying out such a method and using components manufactured using the process.
  • the method is particularly suitable for the production of aerosol dome elements or capsules, especially for food, for example coffee.
  • Pot-shaped metal objects can be formed from a flat section of sheet metal in a cold forming process. Typically, this happens after a stamping process or combined with one in a single forming step (deep-drawing), in which the finished component is given its final shape.
  • Such processes are used, for example, for the production of pots, spray cans, components in the automotive or furniture industry, for food packaging, etc.
  • the materials used in particular are aluminum and tinplate.
  • the forming process must be carried out carefully in order to avoid cracks, wrinkles, etc. and thus rejects or inadequate quality. This applies in particular to the formation of conical wall areas, because in contrast to the formation of axially cylindrical wall areas, guidance in the tool is not guaranteed to the same extent.
  • US 4,914,937 describes a method of forming a tapered container in which the container is first redrawn to a partial length with first and second straight sidewall portions connected together by a transition portion and then by drawing material from the transition portion to substantially its final length Redrawn length and tapering condition becomes.
  • the method optionally also includes a second overlength drawing and a lower profiling step using the drawn part to form the profile.
  • EP-A-0310726 describes a method for drawing with a cylindrical punch and a truncated cone shape.
  • the blank is subjected to one (or more) drawing operations between a die having a frusto-conical inner wall and a cylindrical punch, the pressure of the clamping device being relieved so that the metal conforms to the shape of the die during deformation.
  • the object of the present invention to provide an improved method for producing a component from a metal sheet with an at least partially curved or linearly conical region starting from a cup-shaped blank with a substantially cylindrical wall section, which can solve the problems mentioned at the outset, in particular can prevent cracks or wrinkles from forming during the forming process, especially in the curved or linear conical area, or inhomogeneous wall areas, i.e. wall areas with variable wall thickness, which then occur, for example, when the components are used, for example under increased pressure (in the case of coffee capsules, for example in the brewing process ), can lead to cracks or deformations.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a component from a metal sheet, wherein the component has an at least partially curved or linearly conical region and is produced starting from a cup-shaped blank with a substantially cylindrical wall section, according to claim 1.
  • a fold holder is to be understood as a tool element which contributes significantly to preventing the formation of folds in the forming process. This happens in such a way that the fold holder clamps the processed material against a counter-element, typically the drawing die, and in the forming process the material slides between the fold holder and the counter-element under this clamping, thus preventing or at least significantly reducing the formation of folds in the deep-drawing process.
  • a centering sleeve can take on the function of a fold holder if it not only centers but also achieves the clamping described above.
  • step sequence blank, 1st pass, if necessary further passes such as 2nd pass, 3rd pass, etc., whereby the curved or linearly conical component section is formed directly in the 1st pass in one step, wrinkles can form in step from the blank in the first move cannot always be avoided.
  • the fold holder of the intermediate pull can stabilize the sheet, and in the following conical pull the free "frame" is more stable due to the radii.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the proposed method is characterized in that the transition section runs essentially circumferentially radially and the respective circumferential walls of the first and second cylinder sections run essentially circumferentially axially.
  • the guidance by the fold holder can be optimized in a step-by-step process, as it is essentially a cylindrical process.
  • the conical cable centering sleeve can preferably also be designed as a fold holder, which clamps the first cylinder section and/or the transition section in the conical cable at least in regions between the conical cable fold holder and the conical cable pulling die.
  • the ratio of the radius of the first cylinder section to the radius of the second cylinder section is in the range of 1.5:1-1.3:1.
  • the ratio of the radius of the first cylinder section to the bottom radius of the second cylinder section is 1.9:1-1.5:1.
  • the bottom radius in the cone train remains essentially unchanged, ie the bottom radius of the component made of a metal sheet with an area that is at least partially curved or linearly conical corresponds to the bottom radius after the step train.
  • the ratio of the axial length L 1 of the first cylinder section to the axial length L 2 of the second cylinder section is in the range of 2.5:1-1:1.
  • the radii of curvature for the transitions from the flange to the axial cylindrical wall region of the blank and/or the transition radius from the second cylindrical region to the base in the component after the step train is, for example, 5-20 x, particularly preferably 7-13 x, the material thickness for sheet iron.
  • the transition radius from the second cylindrical area to the ground can be Component can be selected according to the step in this area or larger, for example 10 - 30 x the material thickness
  • the transition radii from the first axial cylindrical wall area to the radial wall area and / or from the radial wall area to the second axial cylindrical wall area for the component after the step are, for example 5-20 x, particularly preferably 7-13 x the material thickness.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method is characterized in that, before the step train, a preferably circular blank is punched from a flat sheet metal, preferably supplied in the form of a strip, in particular from a roll, for example in an alternating transversely offset manner.
  • This punched blank is formed in a subsequent forming step (either in the same tool as punched or in a subsequent tool) into a cup-shaped blank with a cylindrical wall section with blank radius R R.
  • the free circumferential edge of the cup-shaped blank is preferably either folded over to form a radial flange or designed to be curved and conically widening.
  • the outside diameter R F of the flange or the expansion is preferably made larger by 1-50 times the material thickness of the sheet than the blank radius R R , preferably in the case of a curved, conically widening circumferential edge by a 2-20 or 5- 15 times the material thickness of the sheet larger than the blank radius.
  • the components are processed by having the opening of the cup-shaped workpieces open upwards.
  • the opening is directed downwards; the tools typically work in a vertical direction.
  • the blank or the supplied sheet consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, with a tensile strength (Tensile strength R m , cf. e.g. EN ISO 6892-1:2009) in the range of 80 - 120 MPa.
  • Aluminum sheets of the following types EN AW-8011A, 8079, 8176, 8021, 8090, sintered 6061, sintered 2014 are possible.
  • Sheets made of iron or an iron alloy with tensile strength are also possible (Tensile strength R m , cf. e.g. EN ISO 6892-1:2009) of at least 500 MPa, preferably at least 550 MPa, in particular tinplates of the following types: TH550, TH580, TH600, TH620, TH650, TH700.
  • These materials are in uncoated form or painted on one or both sides, if necessary in color (e.g. polyester varnish, if necessary on primer and with a layer of heat-sealing varnish).
  • the at least partially curved or linearly conical region forms a mean angle in the range of 8-12° with the axis of symmetry of the component. Wrinkling is particularly problematic for these angles when forming in one step, i.e. H.
  • the method as proposed is particularly suitable for these angles.
  • the at least partially curved or linearly conical region is preferably designed to be linearly conical at least in some regions; apart from any steps that may be present, it preferably has exclusively linearly conical regions, preferably all with essentially the same cone angle.
  • the method can be characterized in that in the cone pull or in one or more subsequent forming steps, a further cylindrical or conical region, preferably connected via a radial region, is formed on the bottom side following the at least partially curved or linearly conical region. A hole can also be punched out in the floor.
  • a further conical region to be formed, particularly preferably in the conical train, on the bottom side, adjoining the at least partially curved or linearly conical region, this further conical region enclosing a larger mean angle with the axis of symmetry of the component than the at least partially curved region or linear conical area.
  • the further conical region preferably forms a cone angle in the range of 30-80°, particularly preferably in the range of 50-70°.
  • the metal sheet that is supplied or from which the blank is made preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.05-0.4 mm, preferably in the range of 0.08-0.35 mm.
  • the method can be carried out in a transfer station in several parallel processed paths, with identical components being processed in parallel in the same stroke, preferably in at least two, particularly preferably 2-8, or 3-5 such parallel paths.
  • Further processing steps typically follow the cone pull.
  • further forming steps in particular flange formation, optionally combined with grooving and/or edge rolling; punching steps; coating steps;
  • Application steps in particular application of inserts or application of closures; filling steps; quality control steps; cleaning steps;
  • Assembly steps on further components these further steps preferably being carried out at least partially in the same transfer system as the stepped train and the cone train.
  • Such subsequent steps can in particular be designed in such a way, for example for the production of coffee capsules from aluminum sheet or tinplate, that a circumferential radial flange and an axial cylindrical edge region are formed on the opening side of the cone train, and a grooved train is then formed on the cone train in a further step in the same transfer system is carried out, in which a bottom-facing circumferential bead is formed between a molded piece and a die, optionally in combination with another molded piece.
  • the axial cylindrical edge region can be rolled on the bottom side into a rolled edge in an edge rolling with a rolling stamp, the rolled edge preferably protruding beyond the plane of the flange on both the bottom side and the opening side.
  • the present invention further describes a device for carrying out a method as described above in the form of a transfer system with at least one Station for the stepped train and a downstream station for the cone train. If necessary, there can be a station for the punching step or a station for the production of the blank in the same transfer system, whereby these two stations can also be combined in one station, and in particular also subsequent stations, for example for the above-described formation of a flange, one in it arranged bead, as well as a rolled edge. Furthermore, stations in the same transfer system can be provided for the application of further elements, for example filter elements, or for filling ingredients, for closing the capsule, or for quality control. Further stations with punching operations can also follow, for example to punch a hole out of the bottom of the top-shaped component.
  • the tool for the stepped train comprises a drawing die and a drawing die that is slidably guided in a fold holder, and the first cylinder section is clamped in the stepped train at least partially and in phases between the fold holder and the drawing die and the second cylinder section is formed by the drawing die.
  • the tool preferably has a cone pull die and a cone pull die displaceably guided in a cone pull centering sleeve for the subsequent cone pull, and the first cylinder section is clamped in the cone pull at least partially between the cone pull centering sleeve and the cone pull pull die, and the transition section and the second cylinder section are formed between the conical pull drawing punch and the conical pull centering sleeve.
  • the present invention also describes components produced in a method as described above or in a device as described above with an area that is at least partially curved or linearly conical.
  • Figure 1 shows an axial section through the workpiece in the various processing phases.
  • the first phase in which the flat sheet metal section, a stamped piece, is presented and shaped, is not shown.
  • this punched piece is formed into a blank 1
  • this blank 1 is cylindrical cup-shaped, it has a folded edge section 10 in the form of a radial flange, then follows a circumferential cylindrical section 7 with radius R 1 , followed by a curved section 9 this cylindrical section 7, and the blank 1 is closed on the bottom side by the bottom section 8, which runs perpendicular to the main axis 6, i.e. axially.
  • This blank 1 is initially formed into a stepped component 2 in a first forming step, the intermediate draw or stepped draw.
  • this stepped component now initially has a first cylinder section 12, still with a radius R 1 , which merges into a second cylinder section 13 with a smaller radius R 2 via a curved transition section 14.
  • the area of transitions from 12 to 14 to 13 is also referred to as the stepped area 11.
  • Bottom side Following the second cylinder section 13 is a short curved area and then the base 25 of the component after the step train with a base radius R B , which is defined as the radius of the flat area without the transition curvature to the second cylinder section.
  • this component 2 is formed into a conical component 3 in a first move, the actual cone pull.
  • the previously stepped area 11 is transformed into a curved, conical area 15 in this conical train.
  • This curved conical area 15 is followed by a bottom area.
  • the ground radius R B remains unchanged.
  • the component 4 is further formed by forming the cylindrical region 17 into a radial region 18, which is followed on the bottom side by a cylindrical region 19, and the component is closed off on the bottom side by the bottom 20.
  • This component 5 after the third Tension is typically then punched in the bottom area, and further operations can then follow, such as the formation of a rolled edge, etc.
  • the blank 1 is guided through a stamp into a drawing die 23.
  • the drawing die 23 forms the outer contour of the stepped area 11.
  • the stamp is now designed in two parts.
  • An annular fold holder 21 is arranged in a circumferential outside area.
  • a cylindrical drawing die 24 is disposed in this fold holder 23 and is displaceably mounted.
  • the front edge of the drawing punch 24 is essentially flush with the front edge of the fold holder 21, and the front edge or plane of these lies essentially on the bottom section 8 of the blank 1.
  • the fold holder 21 completely fits into the corresponding counter contour of the drawing die 23, so that the contact surface 22 of the fold holder 21 clamps the curved section 9.
  • the drawing punch 24 moves along the axis of symmetry 6 further towards the ground, and the essentially axial outer contour of the drawing punch 24 now shapes the second cylinder section 13 of the stepped section 11, while the first cylinder section 12 is clamped or at least guided between the fold holder 21 and the drawing die 23. This creates a controlled taper to the newly created bottom area 25 with a smaller radius than the original bottom area 8, with cylindrical pulling being possible.
  • the fold holder is attached to the part at the beginning of this step or at least in one phase of the step, so no wrinkles can form during the forming.
  • the train is basically cylindrical. At the end position of the stepped train, the sheet metal is held comprehensively.
  • the height of the intermediate cable can be adjusted as required.
  • the height of the intermediate pull can be adjusted to the geometry of the subsequent conical pull.
  • the tool for the subsequent cone pull is in Figure 4 shown in the position in which the forming process on the still stepped component 2 begins.
  • a drawing die 27 and a radially outer annular fold holder 28 for the conical pull and in this a drawing die 29 for the conical pull is in turn slidably mounted.
  • the cylindrical first section 12 is already guided or even clamped between the centering sleeve 28 and the corresponding counter contour with a cylindrical design of the drawing die.
  • the centering sleeve 28 and, parallel to it, the drawing punch 29 for the cone pull move into the drawing die, with the first cylinder section 12 being guided and partially formed at the same time, and especially the transition section 14 and the second cylinder section 13 through the conical contact surface 31 of the drawing punch 29 are reshaped.
  • the drawing punch then moves further than the centering sleeve 28 into the drawing die 27 until the conical contact surface 30 is reached, and therefore the conical area 15 between the surfaces 30 and 31 is formed, as shown in Figure 5 is visible.
  • the component Due to the two radii at the beginning of this cone, the component is inherently more resistant to wrinkling.
  • the free frame is reduced in size by the two contact points of the drawing die and drawing punch. At the end position, the component is formed without wrinkles and is ready for the second pull.
  • a cup-shaped blank 1 is formed in a tool in a combined sequential punching and forming operation. It is also possible to first punch out only the flat punched piece in a first tool in a pure punching step 62 and then to form it into the blank 1 in a next tool.
  • the cup-shaped blank 1 has a closed bottom section 8 and an opening, the wall 8 of the blank is cylindrical and therefore runs axially in a circular manner. In this step, a folded edge 47 is formed on the free upper edge to stabilize it for subsequent transport and to prepare for rolling the rolled edge.
  • This blank 1 is then formed into the stepped component 2 in an intermediate train or stepped train 64.
  • This stepped component now still has the folded edge 47 on the free edge, a first cylinder section 12 with the same radius as the original radius of the blank 1, but this transitions approximately halfway up through a transition section 14 into a second cylinder section 13 with a smaller radius.
  • This stepped component 2 is formed in a conical train 65 into the component 3 with a linearly conical section. What remains is a cylindrical edge region 52, which essentially has the same radius as the original first cylinder section 12. This merges via a radial flange into the actual conical region 15 of the component 3. The bottom is also in one with a second cone angle another conical area 69 is formed. Both conical areas are formed in this conical train.
  • the upper circumferential flange is further formed in a groove train 66, as will be detailed below.
  • embossing step 68 in which further structures can be embossed, for example inscriptions but also special structures of wall sections such as decorative grooves or the like.
  • the tool for a combined punching and forming step for producing the blank 1 from a supplied sheet metal is in Figure 6 shown.
  • the tool is designed as a transfer station with an upper support plate 41 and a lower support plate 42; the plates are guided over guide cylinders 23 and can only be moved relative to one another in the vertical direction.
  • Figure 6a shows the top dead center (TDC) of the tool.
  • the forming steps are carried out in such a way that the opening of the component is directed upwards.
  • the band is supplied as a sheet metal strip and is held by a hold-down pin 40 and another hold-down pin 34 centered in the tool.
  • the drawing punch 35 for the drawing process is provided on the upper support plate, as is the associated fold holder 33, which radially surrounds the drawing punch.
  • This fold holder 33 is now also enclosed by a cutting ring 36 or a cutting die, which has the task of providing the round, flat die-cut before the deep-drawing process.
  • This cutting die 36 is carried by a support element 36a, which lies at the top dead center on a stop 36b of the corresponding guide 36d.
  • Cutting ring 36 and fold holder 33 are slightly axially displaceable relative to one another.
  • FIG. 6b now illustrates the position in which the circular die-cut 46 is being punched out of the sheet metal strip.
  • the upper support plate 41 lowers downwards, the cutting punch 37 is fixed in its position, but the lifter 39 can be easily pushed downwards by the suspension 39a.
  • the front surfaces of the fold holder 33 and cutting die 36 meet the surface of the sheet, the cutting die 36 is fixed to the support element 36a by the stop, but the fold holder 33 can give in slightly upwards.
  • the upper circumferential inner edge of the deep-drawing die 37 is convexly curved and the drawing height is adjusted so that the edge section 47, which has already been mentioned above and is slightly folded outwards, is formed on the blank 1, i.e. a short flange that widens in a trumpet shape to stabilize the blank 1 the top edge.
  • the front surface of the drawing die 24 has a concave front surface contour 24a, which corresponds to the rear convex contour of the hold-down pin in the frontmost extension area, so that when the hold-down pin 48 is in the fully retracted position in the drawing die 24, these two elements together form a flush, radially extending front surface (compare Figure 7b ).
  • the lower drawing die 23 is provided as an annular element, axially immovable.
  • the ejector 49 is axially displaceable in this drawing die 23.
  • Figure 7a The tool for the step train is shown at top dead center.
  • the blank 1 passes through a transfer device to this station was transported, now lies as blank 1 on the ejector 49, and the upper tool part moves downwards.
  • the blank 1 is first clamped between the ejector 49 and the front surface of the hold-down pin 48.
  • the fold holder 21 then moves into the upper recess of the blank without having a forming effect, which is made easier by the slight extension 47.
  • the drawing punch 24 then begins to move further downward than the front edge of the fold holder 21, and the stepped area is formed by the radial peripheral surface in the front area of the fold holder 21 Blank leads, the transition section 14 is formed on the upper edge of the drawing die and the second cylinder section through the radial outer surface of the drawing die and the radial inner surface of the drawing die.
  • Figure 7b The tool for the step train is shown at the bottom dead center reached.
  • the following cone train 65 is in Figure 8 tool shown is realized.
  • Figure 8a The tool for the cone pull is shown at top dead center.
  • the upper support plate there is again a fold holder 28, which is ring-shaped and whose position is not fixed relative to the upper support plate, but is axially displaceable.
  • the drawing die 29 is designed for the conical pull; it has a double-conical outer contour, the actual first cone 29a for the actual conical area and a further cone 29b for the conical formation of a bottom area 69.
  • a hold-down pin 15 is again axially centered in this drawing punch 29 and is mounted in an axially displaceable manner in the drawing punch.
  • the annular drawing die 27 On the lower support plate there is the annular drawing die 27, which, to a certain extent, provides the counter contour for the outer surface of the drawing die 29.
  • the counter surface for the second cone 29b is provided by the lower cone surface 27b, and the counter surface for forming the actual conical area over the surface 29a of the drawing punch is provided by the area 27a of the drawing die.
  • An ejector 51 is again displaceably provided in this drawing die 27, which is exactly like the tool according to Figure 7 Among other things, it also serves to push the finished component out of the tool from below when the upper plate is pushed up again and to make it available to the grippers of the transfer system.
  • the component after the step train 2 is now between the hold-down pin 50 and the Ejector clamped once it is moved from the transfer system to the position of this station, and then the upper tool part lowers further down.
  • FIG 8b The position is shown at which the actual forming process on component 2 begins.
  • the fold holder 28 has already been retracted into the first cylindrical section 12 of the component 2, and the drawing die 29 has been shifted downwards with its frontmost surface, so to speak, to the bottom of the component 2.
  • the actual forming process begins when the tool is closed further and the drawing punch continues to dip into the drawing die 27.
  • the transition region 14 and the second cylinder section 13 are first reshaped, and then the second cylinder section 12 is pulled further downwards into the mold, so to speak, until only a cylindrical edge region 52 is left from the outer contour of the fold holder in the completely closed position, as in Figure 8c shown, is held.
  • Figure 9 only shows the flange area in the transfer tool for the grooved train 66.
  • the circumferential bead 53 is formed in this tool by a shaped piece 59 from above, which is immersed in a die 58 with an internal shaped piece 60. In this step, the cylindrical edge region 52 and also the folded edge 47 remain.
  • the in Figure 9 The rolled edge 55 shown is only to be understood schematically; it only arises in the next tool or in a subsequent step in the same tool as that in Figure 10 is shown.
  • a rolling stamp 56 with a correspondingly designed rolling contour 57 moves from above along a shaped piece 56 downwards, can optimally begin the rolling process due to the already slightly expanded upper contour 47 and folds the rolled edge 55 to a completely closed edge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant (3) à partir d'une plaque métallique présentant une région (15) au moins courbée ou linéairement conique, à partir d'une ébauche en forme de coupe (1) présentant une partie de paroi sensiblement cylindrique (7),
    dans lequel
    le procédé comprend au moins les étapes suivantes :
    un emboutissage par étages (64), dans lequel le bord cylindrique (7) de l'ébauche (1) est formé, au moins en partie, entre une matrice d'emboutissage (23) et un poinçon d'emboutissage (24) guidé de manière mobile dans un support de pliage (21), en une zone en escalier (11) avec deux sections cylindriques (12, 13), une première section de cylindre (12) avec une paroi circonférentielle s'étendant sensiblement axialement avec un premier rayon (R1) et une deuxième section de cylindre (13) suivant un axe de composant (6) avec une paroi circonférentielle convergeant sensiblement axialement ou coniquement avec un deuxième rayon (R2) qui est plus petit que le premier rayon (R1), la première et la deuxième section de cylindre (13) sont reliées circonférentiellement par une section de transition (14) de la zone en escalier (11), laquelle section de transition (14) s'étend sensiblement radialement ou est plus coniquement convergente que la deuxième section de cylindre (13) et dans laquelle la première section de cylindre (12) dans la section en escalier est guidée intérieurement au moins dans des régions par le support de pliage (21) et est serrée entre le support de pliage (21) et la filière d'étirage (23) et la deuxième section de cylindre (13) est formée par la filière d'étirage (24) ;
    au moins un tirage conique ultérieur (65), dans lequel au moins la section de transition (14) et la deuxième section de cylindre (13) de la zone étagée (11) sont formées dans la section de composant courbée ou linéairement conique (15) entre deux outils (27-29), les deux outils étant formés au moins par une matrice de tirage conique (27) et un poinçon de tirage conique (29) guidés de manière déplaçable dans une douille de centrage de tirage conique (28), et dans lequel la première section de cylindre (12) est guidée à l'intérieur du cône (65) au moins en partie par la douille de centrage du cône (28) ou est serrée et/ou guidée entre la douille de centrage du cône (28) et la matrice d'étirage du cône (27), et la section de transition (14) et la deuxième section de cylindre (13) et la section de transition (14) entre la matrice d'étirage du cône (29) et la matrice d'étirage du cône (27) sont transformées. caractérisé par le fait que
    l'ébauche est en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium ayant une résistance à la traction de l'ordre de 80-120 MPa et une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,08-0,2 mm, ou en fer ou en alliage de fer ayant une résistance à la traction d'au moins 500 MPa et une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,25-0,34 mm,
    la région (15) au moins courbée ou linéairement conique présente un angle moyen de 8 à 12° avec l'axe de symétrie (6) du composant (3) ;
    le rapport entre le rayon (R1) de la première section cylindrique (12) et le rayon (R2) de la deuxième section cylindrique (13) est de l'ordre de 1,5:1-1,3:1 ;
    en ce que le rapport entre le rayon (R1) de la première section de cylindre (12) et le rayon inférieur (RB) de la deuxième section de cylindre (13) est compris entre 1,9:1-1,5:1 ;
    et que le rapport entre la longueur axiale (L1) de la première section de cylindre (12) et la longueur axiale (L2) de la deuxième section de cylindre (13) est compris entre 2,5:1-1:1.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la section de transition (14) s'étend essentiellement radialement sur la circonférence et que les parois circulaires respectives des première et deuxième sections de cylindre (12, 13) s'étendent essentiellement axialement sur la circonférence.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le manchon de centrage (21) est conçu comme un support de pli qui serre la première section de cylindre (12) et/ou la section de transition (14) dans la traction conique (65) au moins dans les régions entre le support de pli de traction conique (28) et l'outil d'étirage de traction conique (27).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, avant l'étape d'étirage (64), une ébauche (46) de préférence circulaire est découpée (62) dans une feuille plate, de préférence fournie sous forme de bande, en particulier à partir d'un rouleau, de préférence de manière alternée et décalée transversalement, est découpée (62) et celle-ci est formée dans une étape de formage ultérieure (63) dans l'ébauche en forme de pot (1) avec une section de paroi cylindrique (7) avec un rayon d'ébauche (RR), de préférence le bord circonférentiel libre (10, 47) de l'ébauche en forme de pot (1) est soit replié pour former un rebord radial (10), soit formé d'une manière incurvée, à expansion conique (47), le diamètre extérieur (RF) du rebord (10) ou de l'expansion (47) étant de préférence plus grand que le rayon de l'ébauche (RR) d'un facteur de 1 à 50 fois l'épaisseur ma-terielle de la tôle, de préférence, dans le cas d'un bord circonférentiel (47) courbé, à expansion conique, d'un facteur de 2 à 20 ou de 5 à 15 fois l'épaisseur du matériau de la tôle par rapport au rayon de l'ébauche (RR).
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ébauche est constituée d'aluminium ou d'un alliage d'aluminium des types suivants EN AW-8011A, 8079, 8176, 8021, 8090, fritté 6061, fritté 2014, ou de fer ou d'un alliage de fer d'une résistance à la traction d'au moins 550 MPa, en particulier de fer blanc des types suivants : TH550, TH580, TH600, TH620, TH650, TH700, dans chaque cas sous forme non revêtue ou sous forme revêtue d'une ou de deux faces, éventuellement colorée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la région (15) au moins partiellement incurvée ou linéairement conique est linéairement conique au moins dans les régions, de préférence, en dehors des étapes qui peuvent être présentes, a exclusivement des régions linéairement coniques.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que dans l'étirage conique (65) ou dans une ou plusieurs étapes de formation ultérieures, une autre région cylindrique ou conique (19), de préférence reliée par une région radiale (18), est formée sur la face inférieure adjacente à la région (15) qui est incurvée ou linéairement conique au moins en sections.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une autre région conique (69) est formée dans la dépouille conique (65) sur le côté inférieur adjacent à la région au moins courbée sectionnellement ou linéairement conique (15), cette autre région conique (69) enfermant avec l'axe de symétrie (6) du composant (3) un angle moyen plus grand que la région au moins courbée sectionnellement ou linéairement conique (15), de préférence un angle de cône dans la plage de 30-80°, en particulier de préférence dans la plage de 50-70°.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la tôle, dans le cas du fer ou d'un alliage de fer, a une résistance à la traction d'au moins 550 MPa.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que des pièces identiques (3) sont usinées en parallèle dans la même course dans une station de transfert en plusieurs trajectoires d'usinage parallèles, de préférence en au moins deux, en particulier de préférence de 2 à 8, ou de 3 à 5 de ces trajectoires parallèles.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la traction conique (65) est suivie d'autres étapes d'usinage, notamment choisies dans le groupe suivant : autres étapes de formage, en particulier formation de brides, éventuellement combinées avec un emboutissage et/ou un laminage des bords ; étapes de poinçonnage ; étapes de revêtement ; étapes d'application, en particulier application d'inserts ou application de fermetures ; étapes de remplissage ; étapes de contrôle de qualité ; étapes de nettoyage ; étapes d'assemblage sur d'autres composants, ces autres étapes étant de préférence effectuées au moins partiellement dans le même système de transfert que l'emboutissage (64) et l'emboutissage conique (65).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un rebord radial circonférentiel (54) et une zone de bord cylindrique axial (52) sont formés dans l'ébauche conique (65) du côté de l'ouverture, et qu'une ébauche rainurée (66) est exécutée après l'ébauche conique (65), dans laquelle un bourrelet circonférentiel (53) orienté vers le fond est formé entre une pièce de forme (59) et une matrice (58), éventuellement en combinaison avec une autre pièce de forme (60).
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que, après la formation du bourrelet (53), la zone de bord cylindrique axiale (52) est roulée dans un rouleau de bord (67) avec une matrice de laminage (56) sur le côté inférieur pour former un bord roulé (55), le bord roulé (55) dépassant le plan de la bride (54) à la fois sur le côté inférieur et sur le côté de l'ouverture.
EP19160177.2A 2019-03-01 2019-03-01 Procédé de fabrication d'objets métalliques coniques Active EP3702061B1 (fr)

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CN112222272B (zh) * 2020-09-24 2022-05-17 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 一种头部外环的加工方法
EP4101558A1 (fr) 2021-06-10 2022-12-14 Adval Tech Holding AG Procédé de fabrication d'un dôme d'aérosol
CN114147421B (zh) * 2021-10-13 2024-05-07 浙江南龙工贸有限公司 防溢出可分类分时炖煮的多层微压锅的制备方法
CN114130882B (zh) * 2021-11-27 2022-10-14 徐州恒远高新技术有限公司 一种电子产品外壳集成组合冲压装置及其使用方法
US20250196214A1 (en) 2022-03-14 2025-06-19 Adval Tech Holding Ag Method for producing conical metal objects made of thin sheet metal
WO2024105098A1 (fr) 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Adval Tech Holding Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un dôme d'aérosol
WO2025201907A1 (fr) 2024-03-27 2025-10-02 Adval Tech Holding Ag Procédé de production d'objets métalliques coniques constitués de tôle mince, et objets métalliques ainsi produits

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FR2603822B1 (fr) * 1986-09-17 1992-11-13 Carnaud Emballage Sa Procede de fabrication de boites metalliques tronconiques et outillage pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4914937A (en) * 1987-12-07 1990-04-10 Redicon Corporation Method for forming tall tapered containers
GB201308927D0 (en) 2013-05-17 2013-07-03 Kraft Foods R & D Inc A beverage preparation system, a capsule and a method for forming a beverage
NL2019254B9 (en) 2016-10-07 2018-09-10 Douwe Egberts Bv A capsule, a system for preparing a potable beverage from such a capsule and use of such a capsule in a beverage preparation device

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