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EP3774686A2 - Élément préfabriqué en béton isolé thermiquement - Google Patents

Élément préfabriqué en béton isolé thermiquement

Info

Publication number
EP3774686A2
EP3774686A2 EP19718144.9A EP19718144A EP3774686A2 EP 3774686 A2 EP3774686 A2 EP 3774686A2 EP 19718144 A EP19718144 A EP 19718144A EP 3774686 A2 EP3774686 A2 EP 3774686A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
concrete
insulating layer
precast concrete
building material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19718144.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Gabriel
H. C. Kurt SCHÜMCHEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Interbran Baustoff GmbH
Original Assignee
Interbran Baustoff GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Interbran Baustoff GmbH filed Critical Interbran Baustoff GmbH
Priority to EP20215538.8A priority Critical patent/EP3812354A1/fr
Publication of EP3774686A2 publication Critical patent/EP3774686A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/028—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members for double - wall articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/045—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/047—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B19/02—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica the layer of fibres or particles being impregnated or embedded in a plastic substance
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    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
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    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of thermal insulation, in particular the production and use of thermally insulated precast concrete parts.
  • the present invention relates to a thermally insulated precast concrete part and its use.
  • the present invention relates to a building material dry mixture for the production of a Dämmmasse, which can be used for the thermal insulation of precast concrete parts, as well as their use and the Dämmmasse available with the Baustoffftrocken- mixture.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a thermally insulated precast concrete part.
  • the use of concrete also offers the advantage that individual parts, such as wall and ceiling elements, can be prefabricated industrially under controlled and constant conditions and can therefore be manufactured with consistently consistent quality and installed on the construction site almost independently of weather conditions. In addition, a consistently consistent and high quality in the execution of the concrete parts can be guaranteed. Since concrete is used as liquid mass, which hardens, even unusual forms and individual plans or wishes can be realized by means of concrete, and this also on an industrial scale. For these reasons, the use of precast concrete components or precast concrete components is now widespread and is constantly increasing. In addition, the use of precast concrete parts can significantly reduce the construction time, thereby saving costs, since only a few prefabricated parts have to be assembled on site at the construction site.
  • the thermal conductivity of concrete is further improved by the steel reinforcement usually contained in concrete.
  • the good thermal conductivity of concrete means that buildings or parts of buildings made of concrete need to be well insulated in order to meet the legal requirements, in particular the German Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV), and the energy costs for heating and cooling Keep buildings within reasonable limits.
  • EnEV German Energy Saving Ordinance
  • thermal insulation composite systems which are constructed from a plate-shaped insulating material, a reinforcing layer applied to the outside, consisting of a reinforcing mortar and a reinforcing mesh, and a top coat.
  • the insulation boards are usually formed on the basis of plastics, in particular polystyrene rigid foams (PS), such as polystyrene particle foam (EPS), polystyrene extruder foam (XPS) or based on rigid polyurethane foams (PUR).
  • PS polystyrene rigid foams
  • EPS polystyrene particle foam
  • XPS polystyrene extruder foam
  • PUR rigid polyurethane foams
  • Thermal insulation systems based on the aforementioned plastic insulation panels have excellent insulation properties under ideal conditions, but have the disadvantage that they form a vapor barrier and moisture from the masonry can not be released into the environment, which often leads to the formation of mold and algae. In addition, the moisture increases the thermal conductivity of the system, which is why the theoretical heat transfer coefficient (U-value) according to EN ISO 6946 is often not achieved in practice.
  • U-value theoretical heat transfer coefficient
  • Another disadvantage of such thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) is that they are usually Have thicknesses of 10 to 20 cm, in order to achieve sufficient thermal insulation. However, this is not desirable especially for concrete walls that allow a very slim design with large window and door openings.
  • core-insulated precast concrete elements were developed, in which an insulating layer between two concrete layers, namely an outer and an inner layer, the so-called outer or inner shell, is provided.
  • Such insulation layers usually consist of the same plastic materials which are also submitted for thermal insulation composite systems, in particular of polystyrene-based materials such as polystyrene particle foam (EPS), polystyrene extruder foam (XPS), or polyurethane (PUR).
  • EPS polystyrene particle foam
  • XPS polystyrene extruder foam
  • PUR polyurethane
  • either the second shell is likewise fastened to the insulating layer or a reinforcement is provided which connects the inner and the outer concrete shell, wherein a cavity or gap remains between the inner concrete shell and the insulating layer, which at the building site with grouting concrete, the so-called in-situ concrete, is filled.
  • a reinforcement is provided which connects the inner and the outer concrete shell, wherein a cavity or gap remains between the inner concrete shell and the insulating layer, which at the building site with grouting concrete, the so-called in-situ concrete, is filled.
  • the plastic-based insulation materials are not permeable, but form vapor barriers, which promotes the formation of mold, especially in the event that thermal bridges are present, which is difficult to avoid in spite of great care in planning and execution of building construction.
  • the connection of the plastic-based insulation materials with the mineral concrete in disposal is a major problem, since concrete and plastic usually can not be separated and the rubble as mixed waste or when using certain polystyrenes as special waste are disposed of very costly got to. This significantly increases the disposal costs.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to avoid the disadvantages mentioned in the prior art, at least to mitigate.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of insulated precast concrete parts, which allows a particularly intimate and durable bond of concrete and insulation.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an insulating material, which can be very well connect with concrete in the production as cost-effectively available and has a positive effect on the climate within a building.
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of the inventive precast concrete element according to claim 41.
  • Yet another subject of the present invention is a Baustoffftrocken mixture according to claim 42; Further, advantageous embodiments and further developments of this aspect of the invention are the subject of the relevant subclaims.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is the use of the building material dry mixture according to the invention according to claim 59; Further, advantageous embodiments of this aspect of the invention are the subject of this sub-claim.
  • Yet another subject of the present invention is an inventive Dämmmasse according to claim 61.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a precast concrete part according to claim 62; Further, advantageous embodiments of this aspect of the invention are the subject of the relevant subclaims.
  • the subject of the present invention - according to one aspect of the present invention - is thus a precast concrete element, comprising at least one concrete layer and an insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer is arranged on the concrete layer and wherein the insulating layer is mineral-based, in particular cement-based.
  • the insulating layer contains a cement-based binder, since an insulating mass or a mortar, which forms the insulating layer, can be applied to the still liquid concrete of the concrete layer. Due to the similar binder systems of concrete and insulating layer, a very intimate and cohesive bond is formed between the concrete layer and the insulating layer so that it is possible to dispense with further adhesives or mortars for fastening the insulating layer to the concrete layer.
  • a mineral-based or cement-based insulation layer is significantly less sensitive to mechanical damage than, for example, the commonly used plastic-based insulation boards.
  • a mineral-based, in particular cement-based, insulating layer is also ensured that the precast concrete according to the invention can be disposed of as pure mineral rubble and not declared as mixed waste or even hazardous waste and disposed of consuming.
  • the use of mineral-based, in particular cement-based, insulating layers prevents harmful substances from being introduced into the building via the insulating layer from an environmental or health-related point of view.
  • the precast concrete part according to the invention is permeable due to the mineral-based, in particular cement-based, insulating layer, whereas standard precast concrete elements, which are thermally insulated, usually form vapor barriers due to the plastic materials used and consequently promote the formation of mold with existing thermal bridges.
  • the prefabricated concrete part according to the invention can be produced with excellent thermal insulation properties with a very small layer thickness, so that highly load-bearing and at the same time highly heat-insulating structures, which offer a multitude of design options for architects and planners, are accessible.
  • double-walled core-insulated systems not only aesthetically very appealing results can be achieved, but especially in systems where a gap or a cavity between insulation and a concrete inner shell is provided by the use of in-situ concrete or grouting concrete a concrete wall or concrete ceiling can be obtained with a seamless concrete core.
  • the precast concrete part according to the invention can be used both for the production of walls and ceilings and in particular enables the provision of core-insulated precast concrete elements for walls and ceilings.
  • the mineral-based, in particular cement-based, insulating layer is preferably applied to the concrete layer in the form of a mortar, in particular a Dämmmasse, eliminates the waste, which inevitably results from the confectioning of plastic insulating panels, especially if holes for windows or doors or openings in the finished parts must be recessed.
  • the precast concrete part according to the invention can thus be produced in a very resource-saving and cost-effective manner.
  • precast concrete according to the invention all the advantages of conventional precast concrete parts, namely that it can be produced under reproducible and predetermined conditions with consistently consistent quality, with adaptation to individual dimensions, eg. B. window and door openings and other breakthroughs of any kind are possible.
  • the invention According to concrete precast concrete parts by the reproducible conditions on a high dimensional stability, ie an uncontrolled or non-uniform shrinkage during the drying process is avoided.
  • concrete workability means a prefabricated object, in particular an element, made of concrete, which in principle may have any desired shape and may be of mono- or multi-layered or layered construction.
  • the precast concrete part may contain other layers, such as an insulating layer, but also pipes or cable ducts.
  • a concrete layer is to be understood as meaning a part of an article which consists of concrete and has a certain thickness.
  • the layer is usually planar, i. formed with Hauptausdehnungsrichtun- in two spatial directions, which does not necessarily have to be formed almost two-dimensional, but can in principle take any form.
  • a layer usually has a thickness of less than 50 cm in the considered spatial direction. Also, the layer does not have to be continuous, but can z. B. be applied interrupted on another substrate or a reinforcement.
  • an insulating layer is to be understood as meaning a layer of an insulating material, in particular of a hardened plaster mortar or an insulating compound, which has a certain thickness, in particular layer thickness.
  • this does not necessarily have to have an almost two-dimensional extent, ie preferably extends only in two spatial directions, but may also assume irregular or curved shapes.
  • the insulating layer is indirectly and / or directly, preferably directly, disposed on the concrete layer. In this context, it is preferred if the insulating layer is applied indirectly and / or directly, preferably directly, to the concrete layer.
  • An immediate arrangement or application of the insulating layer is to be understood as meaning that the insulating layer directly contacts the concrete layer, ie it is arranged on or applied to the concrete layer without further intermediate layers.
  • An indirect arrangement or application of the insulating layer on or on the concrete layer means in the context of the present Invention, however, that intermediate layers, such as reinforcing layers or diffusion barriers, are arranged between the concrete layer and the insulating layer. In the context of the present invention, however, it is preferred if the insulating layer is applied directly to the concrete layer, in particular a first concrete layer.
  • the concrete layer on which the insulating layer is arranged or on which insulating layer is applied is an outer layer, d. H. forms the outer shell of the precast concrete part, in particular in double-walled execution of Betonfer- tigteils.
  • the insulating layer is arranged on the concrete layer without the use of adhesives and / or mortars.
  • an intimate and preferably cohesive bond between concrete layer and insulating layer without further measures, which increase the adhesion can be achieved.
  • the insulating layer is applied as Dämmmasse, in particular in the form of a mortar on the concrete layer. In this way, a full-surface and a particularly good adhesion between concrete layer and insulation layer is achieved.
  • the insulating layer covers at least one surface of the concrete layer, in particular at least in places.
  • the insulating layer covers at least one surface of the concrete layer to the predominant part, preferably covering at least one surface of the concrete layer almost over the entire surface.
  • the insulating layer covers at least one surface or side of the concrete layer almost over the entire area; usually remain free only recesses for connections to other components or for cables or joints etc.
  • the insulating layer consists predominantly of inorganic materials, preferably consists almost completely or completely of inorganic materials.
  • the insulating layer to at least 90 wt .-%, in particular 95 wt .-%, preferably 97 wt .-%, preferably 98 wt .-%, based on the insulating layer, of inorganic Materials exists.
  • the mineral-based or cement-based insulating layer is as free as possible of organic substances.
  • precast concrete elements with flammability A1 or A2 in accordance with DIN 4102 must be classified, which considerably reduces the need for further fire protection measures.
  • the concrete layer or the insulating layer preferably contains organic materials only in the form of additives, in particular, for example, as hydrophobing agents, leveling agents, pore formers, etc.
  • the insulating layer comprises from 90 to 100% by weight, in particular from 95 to 100% by weight, preferably from 97 to 100% by weight, preferably from 98 to 100% by weight, based on the insulating layer, consists of inorganic materials.
  • the insulating layer contains inorganic fillers, in particular mineral fillers.
  • the insulating layer inorganic fillers, in particular mineral fillers in amounts of at least 20 wt .-%, in particular 40 wt .-%, preferably 50 wt .-%, preferably 60 wt .-%, based on the insulating layer, has.
  • the insulating layer inorganic fillers in particular mineral fillers, in amounts of 20 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 40 to 75 wt .-%, preferably 50 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 60 to 70 wt .-%, based on the insulating layer having. It is preferred according to the invention if at least some of the fillers are present in the form of lightweight aggregates.
  • the lightweight aggregates used or used in the context of the present invention are known to the person skilled in the art as such.
  • the term "aggregate" is to be understood as meaning in particular concrete surcharges according to DIN 1045.
  • the aggregates are fillers with grain sizes that are suitable for the respective binder production.
  • surcharge may in particular be referred to R ⁇ MPP Chemielexikon, 10th edition, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart / New York, Volume 1, 1998, pages 419 and 420, keyword: "concrete surcharge” and the referenced there Literature, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • a lightweight aggregate is to be understood as meaning a supplement having a grain density of at most 2.0 kg / dm 3 .
  • the weight of the concrete can be reduced by the use of lightweight aggregates and at the same time the thermal insulation properties are significantly improved due to the porous structure of most lightweight aggregates.
  • Particularly good results are obtained if all the inorganic fillers used have a maximum grain density of 2.0 kg / dm 3 . This also applies to inorganic fillers, which are not conventional concrete aggregates.
  • the inorganic filler in particular mineral filler, selected from the group of volcanic rock, perlite, in particular expanded perlite, vermiculite, in particular expanded vermiculite, pumice, foam and expanded glass, Expanded clay, swelling schist, tuff, puffing mica, lava rocks, lava sand, silica aerogels, hybrid silica gels and mixtures thereof.
  • the inorganic filler in particular mineral filler is selected from the group of perlite, in particular expanded perlite, vermiculite, in particular expanded vermiculite, aerogels, in particular silica aerogels and / or silica Hybridaerogelen, and mixtures thereof, preferably their mixtures.
  • the aforementioned inorganic fillers or mineral fillers are, in particular, highly porous inorganic materials which have good thermal insulation properties and are not combustible.
  • lightweight aggregates are preferably used in combination with further inorganic, in particular mineral, fillers, which preferably have a maximum grain density of 2.0 kg / dm 3 .
  • the insulating layer a lightweight aggregate selected from the group of volcanic rock, perlite, especially expanded perlite, vermiculite, in particular expanded vermiculite, pumice, foam and expanded glass, expanded clay, intumescent, tuff, expired mica , Lava lakes, lava sand and mixtures thereof, in combination with an inorganic filler in the form of an airgel, in particular a silica airgel and / or silica hybrida nerogel.
  • the insulating layer contains the combination of lightweight aggregate and further inorganic fillers in the form of an airgel in the aforementioned amounts.
  • the insulating layer comprises a lightweight aggregate selected from the group of perlite, in particular expanded perlite, vermiculite, in particular expanded vermiculite, and mixtures thereof, in combination with an inorganic filler in the form of an airgel, in particular special of a silica airgel and / or a silica hybrid silica gel.
  • an airgel in particular special of a silica airgel and / or a silica hybrid silica gel.
  • the combination of lightweight aggregate and airgel enables mineral-based insulation layers with particularly good thermal insulation properties to be achieved.
  • Silica aerogels are highly porous solids which consist of more than 90% by volume of pores and are usually composed of silicon dioxide or condensed silica.
  • the usually hydrophilic silica aerogels can be rendered hydrophobic, hydrophobing being achieved in particular by treatment with hydrophobizing agents or by the use of organosilanes or siloxanes in the synthesis of the silica aerogels.
  • a silica hybridogel is understood as meaning a silica airgel which contains 1 to 20% by weight, in particular 5 to 15% by weight, based on the silica hybridogel, of at least one polysaccharide.
  • the polysaccharide is usually selected from starch, gum arabic, xanthan, pectin, agarose, cellulose ethers, especially pectin and / or xanthan.
  • the polysaccharides are usually added already in the production of silica Hybridaerogel and form an extremely flexible, but at the same time stable matrix, which flexibly connects the individual silica airgel particles together and protects against excessive mechanical loads.
  • Silica Hybridaerogele have in comparison to conventional silica aerogels significantly improved mechanical properties with only slightly deteriorated thermal insulation properties.
  • a suitable method for producing silica hybrid orgies is described, for example, in S. Zhao, WJ Malfait, A. Demilecamps, Y. Zhang, S. Brunner, L. Huber, P. Tingaut, A. Rigacci, T. Budtova and MM Koebel, "Strong, Thermally Superinsulating Biopolymer-Silica Airgel Hybrids by Cogelation of Silicic Acid with Pectin", Angewandte Chemie, 127, 48, 2015, pages 14490 to 14494.
  • the insulating layer has a weight-related ratio of light aggregate to airgel in the range from 15: 1 to 1:10, in particular from 10: 1 to 1: 8, preferably from 5: 1 to 1: 5 2: 1 to 1: 2, more preferably 2: 1 to 1: 1, having.
  • the insulating layer contains fibers, in particular inorganic, preferably mineral, fibers.
  • fibers By using fibers, the strength and mechanical resistance of the insulating layer can be further increased.
  • the use of inorganic fibers, in particular mineral inorganic fibers is preferred in order to deteriorate the combustibility of the precast concrete parts and to allow easy disposal.
  • the insulating layer comprises fibers
  • the fibers are selected from calcium silicate fibers, glass fibers, wollastonite fibers, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes and mixtures thereof. It is particularly preferred in the context of the present invention, when the fibers are selected from calcium silicate fibers, glass fibers, wollastonite fibers and mixtures thereof. Particularly good results are obtained when the fibers are calcium silicate fibers.
  • the compositions can contain the fibers, it can naturally vary within wide ranges. However, it has proven useful if the composition contains the fibers in amounts of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, in particular from 0.2 to 15% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 12% by weight, preferably from 1 to 10 Wt .-%, based on the composition comprises. Fibers in the aforementioned areas increase the mechanical stability of the insulating layer and allow a reduction of the binder, whereby a reduction of the thermal conductivity can be achieved, on the other hand, the resistance to mechanical stress, for example, during transport or installation of precast concrete parts increased.
  • the insulating layer comprises a cement-based binder.
  • the insulating layer comprises cement as a binder, in particular Portland cement, preferably white cement, preferably quick-setting cement, if appropriate in combination with additives.
  • cement as a binder, in particular Portland cement, preferably white cement, preferably, quick cement, in combination with lime, in particular hydraulic lime, and optionally contains additives.
  • the precast concrete parts according to the invention have particularly good heat-insulating properties, which is due in particular to the insulating layer.
  • the insulating layer has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.025 to 0.050 W / (mK), in particular 0.030 to 0.045 W / (mK), preferably 0.035 to 0.042 W / (mK).
  • the insulating layer is mineral-based and preferably cement-based, it has very low thermal conductivities due to the high filler content and the preferably used airgel.
  • the insulating layer precast concrete part according to the invention is thus permeable to water vapor, ie water which enters the precast concrete part, can diffuse through the insulating layer and finally be discharged to the environment after passage of the concrete layer.
  • the insulating layer is usually mineral-based or cement-based.
  • the insulating layer has a dry bulk density in the range of 125 to 250 kg / m 3 , in particular 140 to 225 kg / m 3 , preferably 150 to 200 kg / m 3 , on.
  • the insulating layer used according to the invention is thus relatively light despite the purely or almost purely inorganic constituents, ie it has only a low density.
  • the insulating layer has the flammability A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102.
  • the precast concrete part is a core-insulated precast concrete part. Particularly good results are thus achieved in the context of the present invention, when the precast concrete part according to the invention comprises two concrete layers, between which an insulating layer is arranged.
  • the one concrete layer is usually referred to as outer shell and may for example consist of exposed concrete, while the other concrete layer is referred to as inner shell and is usually arranged in the installed state on the inside of a building envelope.
  • the precast concrete part of a multilayer construction comprising
  • the insulating layer is based on mineral, in particular cement-based.
  • the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer are in particular at least partially are arranged in parallel.
  • the insulating layer is arranged indirectly and / or directly on the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer.
  • the insulating layer is arranged directly on the first concrete layer.
  • the first concrete layer then preferably forms the outer shell in wall elements and the second concrete layer the inner shell.
  • the insulating layer is indirectly and / or directly, preferably directly, disposed on the second concrete layer. In this way, a massive double-shelled, core-insulated wall or ceiling element is created, which must be installed on-site at the construction site and only joined together with other elements.
  • the insulating layer and the second concrete layer are spaced.
  • a distance is provided between the insulating layer and the second concrete layer, so that a gap or hollow space is created between the insulating layer and the second concrete layer, which is applied to the construction site with concrete, the so-called potting - or in-situ concrete, is filled so that, for example, in walls and ceilings joint-free concrete cores can be obtained.
  • the cavity or gap between the first concrete layer and the insulating layer still contains a reinforcement which in particular gives the potting or in-situ concrete the necessary strength and flexibility.
  • the insulating layer and the second concrete layer are spaced, it has proven useful if the insulating layer and the second concrete layer have a distance of 6 to 30 cm, in particular 7 to 20 cm, preferably 8 to 15 cm, preferably 9 to 12 cm .
  • the precast concrete element has a reinforcement.
  • the individual concrete layers can have reinforcements in order to increase the strength of the respective layers. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, however, it is provided that the reinforcements penetrate and connect several layers of the precast concrete part, whereby the overall stability of the precast concrete part is again significantly increased.
  • the precast concrete part a reinforcement, in particular a first reinforcement made of a material with low thermal conductivity, in particular with a thermal conductivity of less than 5 W / (mK), preferably less than 2 W / (mK) , preferably less than 1 W / (mK).
  • the material of the reinforcement in particular the material of the first reinforcement, is selected from a material with low thermal conductivity of plastics fen, in particular of fiber-reinforced plastics, preferably of glass fiber and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastics .
  • plastics fen in particular of fiber-reinforced plastics, preferably of glass fiber and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastics .
  • fiber-reinforced plastics it is possible to provide reinforcements which, on the one hand, have only a low thermal conductivity, but on the other hand are mechanically strong enough to give the precast concrete element the necessary stability.
  • Such reinforcements made of materials with low conductivity, in particular of plastics, are used only to a very limited extent to give the precast concrete the necessary stability, in particular to ensure that a precast concrete part with an outer shell and an attached insulating layer and an inner shell, which is spaced from the insulating layer, as a precast concrete part can be processed.
  • This reinforcement then connects the outer shell, ie the first layer of concrete, with the inner shell, ie the second layer of concrete, and penetrates the insulating layer, wherein also the cavity or gap between the insulating layer and inner shell is bent over.
  • the concrete layers or at least one of the concrete layers has a steel reinforcement, which, however, does not penetrate the insulating layer.
  • the reinforcement, in particular the first reinforcement connects the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer.
  • the reinforcement, in particular the first reinforcement penetrates the insulating layer.
  • the precast concrete part has a reinforcement, in particular a second reinforcement, of a metal, in particular a ferrous metal, preferably steel.
  • a reinforcement in particular a second reinforcement, of a metal, in particular a ferrous metal, preferably steel.
  • the reinforcement in particular the second reinforcement, is arranged in the second concrete layer and, if appropriate, extends into the distance between the second concrete layer and the insulating layer.
  • the reinforcement is advantageous in the use of metal reinforcements that they do not protrude into the insulating layer, in particular not penetrate the insulating layer, otherwise thermal bridges would arise or the insulation properties of the finished concrete part are significantly reduced overall for a variety of penetrations .
  • at least one metal reinforcement is anchored in the second concrete layer and projects into a gap or cavity between the second concrete layer and the insulating layer. If this gap or cavity is then filled at the construction site with potting or in-situ concrete, it is possible to obtain a seamless reinforced concrete core of a building wall or ceiling.
  • the reinforcement in particular the second reinforcement, in the second concrete layer and the cavity between the second concrete layer and the insulating layer is arranged.
  • the prefabricated concrete part usually has flammability A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102.
  • the prefabricated concrete element according to the invention is thus purely mineral-based or almost exclusively mineral-based, so that expensive fire protection measures can be omitted.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer is concerned, this can vary widely depending on the respective requirements.
  • the insulating layer has a layer thickness of 2 to 30 cm, in particular 3 to 25 cm, preferably 5 to 20 cm, preferably 8 to 15 cm on. With the aforementioned insulating layer thicknesses, excellent thermal insulation up to a passive house standard can be achieved.
  • the first concrete layer has a layer thickness of 1.5 to 15 cm, in particular 2 to 12 cm, preferably 3 to 10 cm, preferably 4 to 8 cm.
  • the first concrete layer is usually used as an outer shell of the precast concrete part and is made, for example, of exposed concrete.
  • the second concrete layer has a layer thickness of 1.5 to 15 cm, in particular 2 to 12 cm, preferably 3 to 10 cm, preferably 4 to 8 cm.
  • the surface of the insulating layer in particular the surface of the insulating layer in edge regions, has been subjected to a surface treatment, in particular a treatment for strengthening the surface.
  • the surface of the insulating compound In order to protect the surface, in particular the edge regions, of the insulating layer from mechanical damage and to make it more resistant, it is possible for the surface of the insulating compound to be treated with a surface treatment agent, in particular in edge regions.
  • the surface treatment agent is preferably an aqueous dispersion which comprises water glass and fibers, in particular mineral fibers.
  • the surface modification agent has 5 to 50% by weight, in particular 8 to 40% by weight, in particular 10 to 35% by weight, of water glass, in particular sodium and / or potassium water glass, based on the surface treatment agent, on.
  • the surface treatment agent further comprises 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.5 to 8 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 5 wt .-% of mineral fibers, in particular wollastonite fibers and / or calcium silicate fibers, based on the surface treatment agent , on.
  • the surface treatment agent has 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 3 wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 1 wt .-%, of a hydrophobing agent, based on the surface treatment agent having.
  • the hydrophobizing agent is selected from silanes, siloxanes, siliconates and mixtures thereof.
  • the surface treatment agent is - as stated above - preferably used in the form of an aqueous dispersion, i. H. the surface treatment agent contains water as a dispersing agent.
  • the surface treatment agent can be applied in any suitable manner to the insulating layer, in particular the edges of the insulating layer.
  • the surface treatment agent is usually applied to the surface of the insulating layer by spraying, brushing, rolling or knife coating, preferably by spraying or spraying.
  • the surface of the insulating layer is preferably stored at room temperature or a climatic chamber in the temperature range of 40 to 60 ° C, whereby hardening of the surface treatment agent takes place.
  • the precast concrete part is a wall element and / or a ceiling element.
  • it is a double layer element, i. H. around a core-insulated precast concrete element with an inner and an outer shell made of concrete, which can be used for the production of ceilings and walls in buildings.
  • 1 is a sectional view of a precast concrete part according to the invention
  • 2 shows a section through a prefabricated part according to the invention, in which the insulating layer and second concrete layer are rejected
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the precast concrete part according to the invention shown in FIG.
  • Another object of the present invention - according to one aspect of the present invention - is the use of a precast concrete part as described above for the construction of buildings, in particular of houses.
  • Yet another object of the present invention - according to a d r i t t e n aspect of the present invention - is a building material dry mixture for producing a Dämmmasse for producing an insulating layer, wherein the Baustoffftrockenmischung
  • the building material dry mixture according to the invention is outstandingly suitable for producing the above-described insulating layer of a precast concrete element according to the invention.
  • cement-based insulating compounds can be produced, which enter into a particularly intimate and permanent bond with concrete.
  • the building material dry mixture according to the invention and the Dämmmasse available from this or the This mortar available is merely a preferred dry component mixture or a preferred insulating compound, which can be used within the scope of the present invention for producing the precast concrete part according to the invention;
  • Other cement-based Dämmmassen can also be used with great success, with far the best results are achieved with Dämmmassen based on the building material dry mixture according to the invention.
  • the building material dry mixture according to the invention and the insulating compound according to the invention which is obtainable in this invention are characterized in particular by the fact that they have both an airgel and a lightweight aggregate in high amounts, so that an insulating compound with excellent thermal insulation properties is obtained.
  • the cement-based binder Portland cement in particular white cement, preferably rapid cement.
  • Fast cement is cement with a very short pot life of a few minutes, usually about 2 to 3 minutes, with a solidification of the liquid mass within one hour, often after 5 to 7 minutes.
  • Quick cement is cements, in particular Portland cement, preferably white cement, to which accelerators have been added.
  • suitable accelerators are aluminum salts, in particular aluminum sulfate, calcium sulfoaluminate or basic aluminum salts, and accelerators based on calcium nitrate.
  • a precast concrete part can be produced in a very short time.
  • the dry building material mixture contains the cement-based binder in amounts of 10 to 45 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 20 to 30 wt .-%, based on the building material dry mixture.
  • the airgel used in the context of the building material dry mixture according to the invention it has proven useful if the airgel is an inorganic, in particular a predominantly inorganic, airgel. Particularly good results are obtained when the airgel is a silica airgel and / or a silica hybridiserogel. Especially by the use of silica aerogels or silica hybrid aerogels, particularly good thermal insulation properties can be achieved, whereby at the same time further properties of the obtained nen Dämmmasse, such as the flammability and mechanical strength, are not adversely affected.
  • the airgel in amounts of 5 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 35 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 30 wt .-%, based on the building material dry mixture, contains.
  • the aerogels used have a particle size of 0.01 to 10 mm, in particular 0.05 to 8 mm, preferably 0.1 to 7 mm, preferably 0.2 to
  • Aerogels with the aforementioned particle sizes can be incorporated into cement-based insulation compositions in an excellent manner and, with regard to their particle size, preferably supplement themselves with the lightweight aggregates in such a way that the sensitive airgel particles fill the spaces in a spherical packing of the particles of the lightweight aggregate and are substantially non-destructive in the insulation mass can be incorporated so that Dämmmassen be obtained with excellent thermal insulation properties.
  • the aerogels generally have a bulk density in the range of 0.05 to 20 g / cm 3 , in particular 0.08 to 0.27 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.12 to 0.25 g / cm 3 , preferably 0 , 13 to 0.22 g / cm 3 , more preferably 0.14 to 0.20 g / cm 3 , most preferably 0.15 to 0.16 g / cm 3 , on.
  • the airgel has absolute pore diameters in the range from 2 to 400 nm, in particular 5 to 300 nm, preferably 8 to 200 nm, preferably 10 to 130 nm, particularly preferably 10 to 70 nm. Aerogels with a pore diameter in the aforementioned ranges have excellent thermal insulation properties.
  • the building material dry mixture according to the invention has a slight addition.
  • the light aggregate is selected from the group of volcanic rock, perlite, in particular expanded perlite, vermiculite, in particular expanded vermiculite, pumice, foam and expanded glass, expanded clay, swelling schist, tuff, expanded mica, lavakies, Lava sand, and their mixtures.
  • the light aggregate is selected from the group of perlite, in particular expanded perlite, vermiculite, in particular expanded vermiculite, and mixtures thereof. It is particularly preferred in this context if the lightweight aggregate is expanded perlite.
  • the particle size or particle size of the lightweight aggregate can naturally vary within wide ranges. However, it has proven useful if the lightweight aggregate has grain sizes of at most 4 mm, in particular at most 3 mm. With particulate or particle sizes in the abovementioned ranges, it is possible in particular to obtain particularly suitable mixtures with the airgel, in which the airgel particles are not destroyed even when mixing machines are used to produce insulating compounds from the dry building material mixture.
  • the building material dry mixture contains the light aggregate in amounts of 10 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 20 to 30 wt .-%, based on the building material dry mixture.
  • the building material dry mixture contains the airgel and the light aggregate in a weight-based ratio of light aggregate to airgel of 15: 1 to 1:10, in particular 10: 1 to 1: 8, preferably 5: 1 to 1: 5, preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, particularly preferably 2: 1 to 1: 1, contains.
  • the building material dry mixture comprises a lime-based binder, in particular lime, preferably hydraulic lime.
  • lime-based binder accelerates the setting of the binder.
  • lime has a very high pH, which counteracts, for example, the formation of mold.
  • the building material dry mixture contains a lime-based binder
  • the building material dry mixture comprises fibers, in particular inorganic fibers, preferably inorganic mineral fibers.
  • the fibers are selected from calcium silicate fibers, glass fibers, wollastonite fibers, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes and their mixtures.
  • the fibers are calcium silicate fibers.
  • the Baustoffftrockenmischung contains the fibers in amounts of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 4 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 4 wt .-%, based on the building material dry mixture, having.
  • a significant increase in the mechanical properties of the resulting mortar or insulating compounds can be achieved and thus reduce the proportion of the binder.
  • the building material dry mixture has at least one pore-forming agent.
  • a pore-forming agent improves in particular the frost resistance of the insulating layer as well as the flow properties of the resulting mortar or Dämmmassen, so that only a small amount of water is needed for making the Dämmmasse.
  • all known pore-forming agents in particular air-entraining agents, can be used in the context of the present invention.
  • the pore former is usually selected from lignosulfonates, carboxyl compounds, protein acids and resins, in particular tall resins and balsam resins.
  • the dry building material mixture preferably contains the pore former in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably from 1 to 4% by weight 2 to 4 wt .-%, based on the building material dry mixture.
  • the dry building material mixture further comprises at least one additive.
  • the additive is usually selected from the group of thickeners, retarders, accelerators, stabilizers, rheology agents, water retention additives (water retention agents), dispersants, sealants, and mixtures thereof.
  • the dry building material mixture usually contains the additive in amounts of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 3 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 1 wt .-%, based on the building material dry mixture on.
  • Another object of the present invention - according to one aspect of the present invention - is the use of the aforementioned building material dry mixture for the production of a Dämmmasse, in particular a mortar.
  • a mortar or a Dämmmasse from the building material dry mixture according to the invention is obtained by mixing with water, d. H.
  • the building material mixture is mixed with water and mixed to produce the insulating compound.
  • the dressing can be done by hand or by machine.
  • the Baustoffftrockenmischung is turned on with the water in a compulsory mixer. In this connection, mixing times of between 1 and 10 minutes, preferably 1 and 5 minutes, are preferably required.
  • the water has a temperature between 20 and 70 ° C, in particular 25 to 65 ° C, preferably 30 to 60 ° C.
  • a mortar which has temperatures of 20 to 60 ° C, in particular 20 to 50 ° C, and cures quickly due to the elevated temperature.
  • Yet another subject of the present invention - according to one of the aspects of the present invention - is an insulating compound, in particular a mortar, prepared from the above-described dry building material mixture by mixing with water.
  • a further subject matter of the present invention is a method for producing a precast concrete part, in particular as described above, wherein
  • liquid concrete is filled into the hollow mold to form a first concrete layer, in particular up to a predetermined filling level
  • a mineral-based, in particular cement-based, insulating compound is poured into the hollow mold to form an insulating layer so that a raw insulating element is formed with a concrete layer and an insulating layer, and
  • an insulating element is to be understood as an at least two-layer concrete precast concrete layer and insulating layer in which the concrete layer and the insulating layer are at least partially formed.
  • the insulating element can either be further processed, for example, to double-layer elements, which have at least two concrete layers, or optionally be installed after a post-curing process.
  • the Rohdämmelement As regards the temperatures at which the Rohdämmelement is cured, in particular partially cured, it has been proven when the Rohdämmelement at temperatures in the range of 20 to 80 ° C, especially 30 to 70 ° C, preferably 40 to 60 ° C. , is cured.
  • the curing is preferably carried out in a climatic chamber. In this context, it is usually provided that the Rohdämmelement is only partially cured, d. H. that the raw insulating element is dimensionally stable, but not fully cured.
  • the raw insulation element is usually cured over a period of 4 to 20 hours, in particular 5 to 15 hours, preferably 8 to 12 hours.
  • the Rohdämmelement is so far hardened that it is dimensionally stable and can be further processed, but the production capacity is not unnecessarily burdened by long storage times.
  • the raw insulation element is provided with a reinforcement, in particular a first reinforcement.
  • the reinforcement can either be present alone in the first concrete layer or connect concrete layer and insulation layer or be anchored in the concrete layer and optionally extend beyond the insulation layer.
  • the reinforcement may be presented in the hollow mold in the first method step (a) or for the reinforcement to be introduced into the raw insulating element following the third method step (c), in particular by being pressed into the still liquid concrete layer and / or insulating layer.
  • the reinforcement following in the third process step (c) in the Raw insulation element is introduced, in particular before curing of the Rohdämm- element.
  • the reinforcement consists of a material with low thermal conductivity, in particular a thermal conductivity of less than 5 W / (mK), preferably less than 2 W / (mK), preferably less than 1 W / (mK) ,
  • the material selected the reinforcement of plastics in particular of fiber-reinforced plastics, preferably of glass fiber and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastics.
  • the reinforcement extends from the concrete layer into the insulating layer of the raw insulating element.
  • the reinforcement extends from the concrete layer on the insulating layer of Rohdämmmaterials out and for example so connects the concrete layer and the insulating layer with another layer of concrete.
  • compaction is carried out after filling the insulating compound, then either the compaction after filling the concrete can be dispensed with or it is compressed both after the concrete has been filled in and after the insulating compound has been filled. In the context of the present invention, it is preferred if in each case a compaction is performed after filling the concrete as well as after filling the Dämmmasse.
  • the insulating element is removed from the hollow mold, in particular the formwork, in particular after curing. After removal of the formwork, the insulating element can either be used immediately or, for example, further processed, in particular to form a double-layer element. In the context of the present invention, it may also be provided that after removal of the insulating element from the hollow mold, in particular the formwork, the insulating element is subjected to a process step for curing the surface of the insulating layer, in particular the surface of the edges of the insulating layer.
  • the method of treating the surface of the insulating layer is preferably carried out using a surface treatment agent as set forth above.
  • a further hollow mold, in particular formwork is introduced and filled with liquid concrete to form a second concrete layer, in particular up to a predetermined fill level, and then the insulating element with the side of the insulating layer with the second concrete layer cohesively or spaced, preferably spaced, is connected, so that a raw double layer element, in particular a Rohdoppelment, is obtained.
  • the procedure is preferably such that after completion of the insulating element, the insulating element is removed from the formwork and then submitted a second formwork and filled with concrete. Subsequently, the insulating element is connected to the side of the insulating layer with the second concrete layer, either by direct application of the insulating layer on the second concrete layer, resulting in a material connection, or by immersion and / or depression of a reinforcement, which in the Insulating element is present and protrudes beyond the insulating layer, in the second concrete layer, so that the insulating layer can be spaced from the second layer of concrete and yet a precast concrete part is obtained.
  • the second concrete layer is compacted, in particular by shaking.
  • the raw double-layer element is cured, in particular partially cured. Particularly good results are obtained in this context if the crude double layer element is cured at temperatures in the range of 20 to 80 ° C, in particular 30 to 70 ° C, preferably 40 to 80 ° C, so that a double-layer element, in particular a double wall element , is obtained. Likewise, it has been proven that the raw double layer element is cured for a period of 4 to 20 hours, in particular 5 to 15 hours, preferably 8 to 12 hours.
  • the insulating element is provided with a second reinforcement before joining to the second concrete layer, or that the further hollow shape is provided with a second reinforcement.
  • the second reinforcement can for example be attached to the first reinforcement.
  • the second reinforcement is anchored to the insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer is not penetrated.
  • the second reinforcement does not penetrate the insulating layer in any embodiment of the present invention. It is particularly preferred when the second reinforcement does not penetrate into the insulating layer.
  • the second reinforcement consists of a metal, in particular of a ferrous metal, preferably of steel.
  • the second reinforcement extends in the second concrete layer and / or that the second reinforcement extends beyond the second concrete layer, in particular into the cavity or gap between the second concrete layer and the insulating layer.
  • the double-layer element is then removed from the second hollow mold.
  • the double wall element is usually postcured, in particular over a period of 2 to 4 weeks.
  • the post-curing usually takes place by storage at ambient conditions.
  • the present invention relates to a previously described method for producing a precast concrete part as described above, wherein (a) in a first process step, a hollow mold, in particular a formwork, is presented,
  • liquid concrete is filled into the hollow mold to form a first concrete layer, in particular up to a predetermined filling level, and, if appropriate, the concrete layer is compacted,
  • a mineral-based, in particular cement-based, insulating compound is poured into the hollow mold to form an insulating layer, so that a raw insulating element with a concrete layer and an insulating layer is formed, and optionally the insulating layer or the first concrete layer and the insulating layer is compacted,
  • the raw insulation element is provided with a first reinforcement
  • the raw insulating element is hardened, in particular partially cured, so that an insulating element is obtained,
  • the double-layer element is post-cured.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a cross-sectional representation a layer structure of a precast concrete part 1 according to the invention, which consists of two parallel concrete layers 2 and 3, namely a first concrete layer 2 in the form of an outer shell and a second concrete layer 3 in the form of an inner shell, and one between the concrete layers 2 and 3 lying insulating layer 4 is formed.
  • both the first concrete layer 2 and the second concrete layer 3 are each materially bonded and directly connected to the insulating layer 4.
  • the first concrete layer 2 has a not shown in the figure representation reinforcement, in particular a steel reinforcement, and / or that the second concrete layer 3 has a reinforcement, in particular steel reinforcement.
  • these reinforcements, in particular steel reinforcements do not penetrate the insulating layer 4.
  • a reinforcement connects the first concrete layer 2 and the second concrete layer 3 with each other, that penetrates the insulation layer.
  • the reinforcement is usually made of a material which is less thermally conductive, preferably of fiber-reinforced plastics.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of a further and preferred embodiment of a prefabricated concrete element 1 according to the invention in the form of a double-layer element, in particular a double wall element, which has a first concrete layer 2 as outer shell and a second concrete layer 3 as inner shell. Between the first concrete layer 2 and the second concrete layer 3 an insulating layer 4 and a cavity 5 are arranged.
  • the cavity 5 is dilapidated with casting concrete or cast-in-situ concrete when the prefabricated concrete part 1 is installed, so that a continuous seamless concrete layer is obtained over a plurality of precast concrete elements 1.
  • the precast concrete part 1 also has a first reinforcement 6, which preferably consists of a material which is less heat-conducting, in particular of a fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the reinforcement 6 connects the first concrete layer 2 with the second concrete layer 3 and penetrates the insulating layer 4 completely.
  • the reinforcement 6 gives the precast concrete part 1 on the one hand its strength and allows at all the construction of the cavity 5, d.
  • a double-layer element in particular a double-wall element, which is filled on site with on-site concrete or grouting concrete.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the prefabricated concrete part 1 shown in FIG. 2.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément préfabriqué en béton isolé thermiquement, qui comprend au moins une couche de béton et une couche isolante, la couche isolante étant disposée sur la couche de béton, ainsi qu'un procédé de fabrication dudit élément préfabriqué.
EP19718144.9A 2018-04-13 2019-04-12 Élément préfabriqué en béton isolé thermiquement Pending EP3774686A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20215538.8A EP3812354A1 (fr) 2018-04-13 2019-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce préfabriquée en béton thermoisolée

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018108789 2018-04-13
PCT/EP2019/059528 WO2019197658A2 (fr) 2018-04-13 2019-04-12 Élément préfabriqué en béton isolé thermiquement

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EP20215538.8A Division-Into EP3812354A1 (fr) 2018-04-13 2019-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce préfabriquée en béton thermoisolée
EP20215538.8A Division EP3812354A1 (fr) 2018-04-13 2019-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce préfabriquée en béton thermoisolée

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EP20215538.8A Pending EP3812354A1 (fr) 2018-04-13 2019-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce préfabriquée en béton thermoisolée

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Cited By (1)

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DE102020214655B9 (de) * 2020-11-20 2023-09-14 Franken Maxit Mauermörtel Gmbh & Co Wärmedämmputzsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CN114773004B (zh) * 2022-05-05 2023-08-01 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 抗冻抗剥落混凝土及其成型方法和应用

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DE102021125449A1 (de) 2021-09-30 2023-04-13 Fixit Trockenmörtel Holding AG Verfahren zur herstellung eines kerngedämmten betonfertigteils sowie kerngedämmtes betonfertigteil

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EP3812354A1 (fr) 2021-04-28
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