EP3697527A1 - Procédé de préparation de capsules sensibles au ph ou au rayonnement uv et capsules obtenues - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation de capsules sensibles au ph ou au rayonnement uv et capsules obtenuesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3697527A1 EP3697527A1 EP18789373.0A EP18789373A EP3697527A1 EP 3697527 A1 EP3697527 A1 EP 3697527A1 EP 18789373 A EP18789373 A EP 18789373A EP 3697527 A1 EP3697527 A1 EP 3697527A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- emulsion
- less
- polymers
- poly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
- B01J13/18—In situ polymerisation with all reactants being present in the same phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing capsules sensitive to pH or UV. It also relates to the capsules as obtained and compositions containing them.
- active ingredients are added to the formulated products to give them interesting application properties or enhance their performance.
- the encapsulation of the active principles represents a very interesting way to overcome the limitation of performance or stability of formulated products that contain them while benefiting from the effect of the active ingredient at the time of use of the formulated product.
- the performance of a microencapsulated ingredient is assessed according to 3 criteria: the retention of the active ingredient, that is to say the ability of the capsule not to let the active ingredient leak to the external environment; the protection of the active principle, that is to say the ability of the capsule to block the penetration of contaminating species from the external environment; and release, i.e., the ability of the capsule to allow the active ingredient to flow into the external environment at the time and place where its action is desired.
- CN105646890 discloses nanocapsules formed by nucleation-polymerization of a pH-sensitive polymer, a hydrophilic polymer, a crosslinking agent and an encapsulant in the presence of catalyst. The result is matrix particles in the pores of which the active ingredient is found. It should be noted that the very long curing time and the complexity of the process limit its industrial use whereas the lack of control of the structures obtained favors the escape of the encapsulated active principles.
- JPH0330831 describes microcapsules formed by precipitation of pectin around droplets of an active ingredient.
- JP2006255536 discloses the preparation of a sensitive pH copolymer to form matrix particles by solvent evaporation. The active ingredient is found in the pores of these particles.
- the objects described in these two documents have the ability to dissolve during a pH change to release their contents.
- the lack of crosslinking of the capsule shell material results in insufficient retention and protection performance for most areas of formulation chemistry.
- US2016235685 discloses capsules made by layer-by-layer deposition of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes on a material forming the core of the capsules (known method). under the name of "LBL deposition").
- LBL deposition The entire outer layer of the capsules consists of a UV-sensitive material.
- UV-sensitive capsules made by interfacial polymerization of a polyol containing a photosensitive group and a diisocyanate.
- the resulting capsules have a high porosity which again results in unsatisfactory retention and protection properties for most areas of formulation chemistry.
- the present invention therefore aims to provide a method for encapsulating active ingredients with high retention and protection properties, while allowing the release of said active ingredient when the capsules are subjected to a change in pH of the external medium or UV radiation.
- the present invention aims to provide capsules whose envelope is formed of a crosslinked material having excellent retention and protection properties while having the ability to release their contents when the capsules are subject to a change in pH from the outside environment or UV radiation.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing solid microcapsules, said solid microcapsules comprising in particular a core containing at least one active and a solid envelope completely encapsulating at its periphery said core, said solid envelope comprising pores less than 1 nm in size ,
- said method comprising the following steps:
- composition C1 comprising at least one active agent, in a polymeric composition C2, the compositions C1 and C2 being immiscible with one another,
- composition C2 comprising:
- At least one crosslinking agent with an average molecular weight of less than 5000 g. mol "1 , and optionally at least one photoinitiator of average molecular weight less than 5000 g. mole "1 or a crosslinking catalyst weight average molecular of less than 5000 g. mol" 1,
- the viscosity of the composition C2 being between 500 mPa.s and 100 000 mPa.s at 25 ° C., and preferably being greater than the viscosity of the composition C1,
- the viscosity of the composition C3 being between 500 mPa.s and 100 000 mPa.s at 25 ° C, and preferably being greater than the viscosity of the emulsion (E1),
- the method of the invention therefore makes it possible to prepare solid microcapsules comprising a core and a solid envelope completely encapsulating at its periphery the heart, in which the core is a composition C1 comprising at least one active ingredient.
- the solid microcapsules obtained by the process of the invention are formed of a core containing at least one active agent (composition C1) and a solid envelope (obtained from composition C2) completely encapsulating at its periphery said core, said envelope solid comprising pores less than 1 nm in size.
- the crosslinkable monomer or polymer M1 and the monomer or polymer M2 as defined above are different entities.
- M1 and M2 are different.
- the monomers or polymers M1 and M2, the crosslinking agent, and the photoinitiator as defined above are separate entities.
- the envelope of the microcapsules obtained is formed of a hybrid or composite material, obtained from the aforementioned monomers or polymers M1 and M2 and described in more detail below.
- the envelope of the capsules of the invention does not dissolve entirely during a change in pH of the external medium, but becomes only porous. Indeed, in the presence of a change in pH of the external medium, the change in solubility of the monomers or polymers M2 creates pores in the capsule shell, thereby triggering the release of the active ingredient.
- the size of the pores created can be controlled by modulating the proportion of M2 monomers or polymers in the shell material and their miscibility with the M1 monomers or polymers.
- the capsules of this variant of the invention thus have the ability to be non-porous at a certain pH and porous after a change in pH, combining both very good properties of protection, retention and sensitivity to pH.
- M2 comprises at least one chemical group sensitive to UV radiation
- the envelope of the capsules of the invention is entirely non-porous in the absence of UV radiation and becomes porous under UV irradiation .
- the change in solubility due to the reactivity or isomerization of the monomers or polymers M2 creates pores in the capsule shell, thereby triggering the release of the active ingredient.
- the size of the pores created can be controlled by modulating the proportion of M2 monomers or polymers in the shell material and their miscibility with the M1 monomers or polymers.
- the capsules of this variant of the invention thus have the faculty of being non-porous in the absence of UV radiation and porous when they are subjected to UV radiation, combining at the same time very good protective and retention properties. and sensitivity to UV radiation.
- the capsules obtained by this process have excellent protection and retention capabilities.
- the shell material of the capsules the pore size of which is preferably less than 1 nm, such that the diffusion of any compound with a molecular size greater than 1 nm is considerably slowed down if is completely stopped.
- This result is obtained by controlling one or more parameters as described below, such as the ratio of core / shell material of the capsules (ratio C1 / C2 below), the concentration of crosslinking agent in the material, the number of reactive ends per monomer or polymer / oligomer, the length of the monomers or polymers / oligomers and / or the absence of inert materials in the shell material such as non-reactive solvents or oligomers or polymers.
- the method of the invention also has the advantage of not requiring the use of surfactants or emulsifiers which could accelerate and make uncontrolled the release of active ingredients to the outside of the capsule; and / or react with the components of the formulated product in which the capsules are intended to be incorporated.
- the method of the invention consists in producing a double emulsion composed of droplets containing at least one active agent, wrapped in a crosslinkable liquid phase. These double drops are then rendered monodisperse in size before being converted by crosslinking or polymerization in rigid capsules.
- the preparation involves 4 steps described below in detail.
- Step a) of the process according to the invention consists in preparing a first emulsion (E1).
- the first emulsion consists of a dispersion of droplets of the composition C1 (containing at least one active ingredient) in a C1-immiscible polymeric composition C2, created by dropwise addition of C1 to C2 with stirring.
- a composition C1 is added to a crosslinkable polymeric composition C2, this step being carried out with stirring, which means that the composition C2 is stirred, typically mechanically, while the composition C1 is added, and this in order to emulsify the mixture of compositions C1 and C2.
- composition C1 is at a temperature of between 0 ° C. and 100 ° C., preferably between 10 ° C. and 80 ° C., and preferably between 15 ° C. and 60 ° C.
- composition C2 is at a temperature of between 0 ° C. and 100 ° C., preferably between 10 ° C. and 80 ° C., and preferably between 15 ° C. and 60 ° C.
- the compositions C1 and C2 are not miscible with each other, which means that the amount (by weight) of the composition C1 capable of being solubilized in the composition C2 is less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than 1%, and preferably less than 0.5%, relative to the total weight of composition C2, and that the amount (by weight) of the composition C2 capable of to be solubilized in composition C1 is less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than 1%, and preferably less than 0.5%, relative to the total weight of composition C1.
- composition C1 comes into contact with the composition C2 with stirring, the latter is dispersed in the form of drops, called simple drops.
- compositions C1 and C2 also makes it possible to avoid the migration of the active ingredient from composition C1 to composition C2.
- composition C2 is stirred so as to form, during the addition of the composition C1, an emulsion comprising drops of composition C1 dispersed in the composition C2.
- This emulsion is also called “simple emulsion” or emulsion C1-in-C2.
- any type of stirrer usually used to form emulsions such as, for example, a mechanical stirrer, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a membrane homogenizer or a homogenizer may be used.
- a mechanical stirrer such as, for example, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a membrane homogenizer or a homogenizer may be used.
- an ultrasonic homogenizer such as, for example, a mechanical stirrer, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a membrane homogenizer or a homogenizer
- a membrane homogenizer such as, for example, a membrane homogenizer or a homogenizer.
- the composition C1 comprises at least one active ingredient A.
- This composition C1 serves as a carrier for the active ingredient A in the process of the invention, within the drops formed during the process of the invention and the solid capsules obtained.
- the composition C1 is monophasic, that is to say it is the pure active A or a solution comprising the active A in solubilized form .
- the active agent is solubilized in composition C1.
- the composition C1 typically consists of a solution of the active ingredient A in an aqueous solution, or an organic solvent, or a mixture of organic solvents, the active ingredient A being present in a mass content of between 1% and 99%. %, relative to the total mass of the composition C1.
- the active agent A may be present in a mass content ranging from 5% to 95%, from 10% to 90%, from 20% to 80%, from 30% to 70%, or from 40% to 60%, relative to to the total mass of the composition C1.
- composition C1 consists of the asset A.
- the composition C1 is a biphasic composition, which means that the active agent is dispersed, either in liquid form or in solid form, in the composition C1 and is not totally solubilized in said composition C1.
- the active agent is dispersed in the form of solid particles in the composition C1.
- the composition C1 can consist of a dispersion of solid particles of the active agent in an organic solvent or in a mixture of organic solvents.
- the composition C1 may consist of a dispersion of solid particles of the active agent in an aqueous phase, which comprises water and optionally hydrophilic organic solvents.
- the asset used is for example:
- a crosslinking agent such as a crosslinking agent, a hardener, an organic or metal catalyst (such as an organometallic or inorganometallic complex of platinum, palladium, titanium, molybdenum, copper, zinc) used to polymerize polymer and elastomer formulations; rubber, paint, adhesive, seal, mortar, varnish or coating;
- an organic or metal catalyst such as an organometallic or inorganometallic complex of platinum, palladium, titanium, molybdenum, copper, zinc
- a dye or a pigment for formulations of elastomers for formulations of elastomers, paint, coating, adhesive, seal, mortar, or paper;
- fragrance as defined by the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) molecule list and available on the website www.ifraorg.org
- detergents such as detergents, home care products, cosmetics and personal care products, textiles, paints, coatings;
- an anti-discoloration agent such as an ammonium derivative
- an antifoaming agent such as an alcohol ethoxylate, an alkylbenzene sulfonate, a polyethylene ethoxylate, an alkylethoxysulfate or alkylsulfate
- a brightening agent also called a color activator (such as a stilbene derivative, a coumarin derivative, a pyrazoline derivative, a benzoxazole derivative or a naphthalimide derivative) for detergents, detergents, cosmetics and personal care products
- a color activator such as a stilbene derivative, a coumarin derivative, a pyrazoline derivative, a benzoxazole derivative or a naphthalimide derivative
- a biologically active compound such as an enzyme, a vitamin, a protein, a plant extract, an emollient, a disinfecting agent, an antibacterial agent, an anti-UV agent, a pharmacologically active synthetic molecule for cosmetic products and personal care, pharmaceuticals and so-called "smart" textiles.
- biologically active compounds include: vitamins A, B, C, D and E, para-aminobenzoic acid, alpha hydroxy acids (such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid), camphor, ceramides, polyphenols (such as flavonoids, phenolic acid, ellagic acid, tocopherol, ubiquinol), hydroquinone, hyaluronic acid, isopropyl isostearate, isopropyl palmitate, oxybenzone, panthenol, proline, retinol, retinyl palmitate, salicylic acid, sorbic acid, sorbitol, triclosan, tyrosine;
- a disinfecting agent for paints and coatings
- a fertilizer, herbicide, insecticide, pesticide, fungicide, repellent or disinfectant for agrochemicals a flame retardant, also called flame retardant, (such as a brominated polyol such as tetrabromobisphenol A, a halogenated or non-halogenated organophosphorus compound, a chlorinated compound, an aluminum trihydrate, an antimony oxide, a zinc borate red phosphorus, melamine, or magnesium dihydroxide) for use in plastic materials, coatings, paints and textiles;
- a flame retardant also called flame retardant, (such as a brominated polyol such as tetrabromobisphenol A, a halogenated or non-halogenated organophosphorus compound, a chlorinated compound, an aluminum trihydrate, an antimony oxide, a zinc borate red phosphorus, melamine, or magnesium dihydroxide) for use in plastic materials, coatings, paints and textiles;
- phase change materials capable of absorbing or returning heat when they undergo a phase change, intended for the storage of 'energy.
- PCMs phase change materials
- Examples of PCM and their applications are described in Farid et al., Energy Conversion and Management, 2004, 45 (9-10), 1597-1615.
- the composition C2 is intended to form the future solid envelope of Preferably, the viscosity of the composition C2 at 25 ° C is between 1000 mPa.s and 50,000 mPa.s, preferably between 2000 mPa.s and 25,000 mPa.s, and for example between 3000 mPa. s and 15,000 mPa.s.
- the viscosity of the composition C2 is greater than the viscosity of the composition C1.
- the viscosity is measured using a Haake Rheostress TM 600 rheometer equipped with a cone of 60 mm diameter and 2 degrees angle, and a temperature control cell set at 25 ° C. The value of the viscosity is read for a shear rate of 10 s -1 .
- the interfacial tension between compositions C1 and C2 is low.
- these interfacial tensions vary between 0 mN / m and 50 mN / m, preferably between 0 mN / m and 20 mN / m.
- the low interfacial tension between the compositions C1 and C2 also advantageously makes it possible to ensure the stability of the emulsion (E1) obtained at the end of step a).
- composition C2 comprises:
- At least one crosslinking agent with an average molecular weight of less than 5000 g. mol "1 ,
- the importance of the choice of monomers, polymers and cross-linking agents is crucial, since these components will dictate the retention properties and sensitivity to pH or UV radiation of the future rigid capsule shell.
- this choice is important in that it makes it possible to obtain capsules whose rigid envelope contains pores less than 1 nm in size.
- the rigid envelope of the capsules is thus formed of a polymeric material resulting from the crosslinking of the composition C2.
- the dense molecular network thus formed has gaps (or voids) creating a hypothetical passage between the inside and the outside of the capsules. These interstices constitute the pores of the rigid envelope.
- the pores have a size preferably of less than 5 nm, preferably less than 1 nm, or even less than 0.5 nm.
- size refers to the diameter, in particular the average diameter, of the pores.
- the size of the pores can be measured for example by surface analysis according to the so-called BET technique (Brunauer-Emmet-Teller) well known to those skilled in the art.
- BET technique Brunauer-Emmet-Teller
- This technique described in more detail in "The Journal of the American Chemical Society” of February 1938, Volume 60, page 309, consists in measuring the nitrogen adsorption by the sample whose pore size is to be measured.
- the pressure of the reference cell in which the adsorbate is at its saturation vapor pressure and that of the sample cell in which known volumes of adsorbate are injected are then measured.
- the curve resulting from these measurements is the adsorption isotherm.
- a mathematical model allows to deduce the specific surface of the capsules, and consequently the pore size.
- the term “monomer” or “polymer” denotes any base unit suitable for the formation of a solid material by polymerization, either alone or in combination with other monomers or polymers.
- the term “polymer” also includes oligomers.
- the monomers or polymers M1 are crosslinkable monomers or polymers providing excellent retention and protection properties.
- the monomers or polymers M1 are chosen from monomers or polymers comprising at least one reactive functional group chosen from the group consisting of acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl ether, N-vinyl ether, mercaptoester, thiolene, siloxane, epoxy and oxetane functions. urethane, isocyanate and peroxide.
- the monomers or polymers M1 may be chosen from monomers or polymers bearing at least one of the reactive functions and further bearing at least one function selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary alkylamine functions, quaternary amine functions, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, carboxylate, hydroxyl, halogen functions, and mixtures thereof.
- the polymers M1 may be chosen from polyethers, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polyamides, polyacetals, polyimides, polyolefins, polysulfides and polydimethylsiloxanes, said polymers additionally bearing at least one reactive functional group chosen from the group consisting of acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl ether, N-vinyl ether, mercaptoester, thiolene, siloxane, epoxy, oxetane, urethane, isocyanate and peroxide functions.
- polymers examples include, but are not limited to, the following polymers: poly (2- (1-naphthyloxy) ethyl acrylate), poly (2- (2-naphthyloxy) ethyl acrylate), poly (2- (2-naphthyloxy) ethyl methacrylate), polysorbitol dimethacrylate, polyacrylamide, poly ((2- (1-naphthyloxy) ethanol), poly (2- (2-naphthyloxy) ethanol), poly (1-chloro-2) , 3-epoxypropane), poly (n-butyl isocyanate), poly (N-vinyl carbazole), poly (N-vinyl pyrrolidone), poly (p-benzamide), poly (p-chlorostyrene), poly (p-methyl styrene) poly (p-phenylene oxide), poly (p-phenylene sulfide), poly (N- (methacryloxye
- the monomers or polymers M2 are monomers or polymers, distinct from M1, having a chemical group sensitive to pH or UV radiation, being crosslinkable or non-crosslinkable, and miscible or immiscible with monomers or polymers M1.
- M2 is selected from monomers or polymers having a chemical group sensitive to pH.
- the monomers or polymers M2 that are sensitive to pH are chosen from monomers or polymers comprising at least one function chosen from the group consisting of acceptors or proton donors in response to a change in pH, such as the pyridine or pyrrolidine groups, imidazole, piperazine, morpholino, primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, phosphate.
- the monomers or polymers M2 may be chosen from monomers or polymers comprising at least one chemical bond that can be destroyed by the action of a pH change, such as an orthoester, lactone or ester function.
- polymers poly (L-glutamic acid) (PLGA), poly (histidine) (PHIS), poly (aspartic acid) poly (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid), poly (4-styrenesulphonic acid), poly (2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), poly (2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate), poly (2-diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate) , poly (4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP), poly (2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP), poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI), poly (propylene imine) (PPI), poly (amido-amine) ), polystyrene-poly (acrylic acid), poly ( ⁇ -caprolactone) -b-poly (acrylic acid), polyaspartic acid, poly (2-vinylpyridine), chi
- the monomers and polymers described above also comprise at least one reactive functional group chosen from the group consisting of acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl ether, N-vinyl ether, mercaptoester, thiolene and siloxane functional groups. epoxy, oxetane, urethane, isocyanate and peroxide.
- M2 is chosen from monomers or polymers having a UV-sensitive chemical group.
- the monomers or polymers M2 are chosen from monomers or polymers comprising at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of azobenzene, stilbene, spiropyran, 2-diazo-1, 2-naphthoquinone, o-nitrobenzyl ester, triphenylmethane, coumarin functions. , thiol, or 6-nitro-veratroyloxycarbonyl, such as the compounds described in particular in Liu et al., Polymer Chemistry 2013, 4, 3431-3443, Tomatsu et al., Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 201 1, 63, 1257, or even Marturano et al., Polymers, 2017, 9 (1), 8.
- the monomer or polymer M2 is chosen from the group consisting of:
- monomers or polymers comprising at least one functional group chosen from the group consisting of pyridine, pyrrolydine, imidazole, piperazine, morpholino, primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, carboxyl, sulfonic acid and phosphate groups;
- the monomers and polymers described above also comprise at least one reactive functional group chosen from the group consisting of acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl ether, N-vinyl ether, mercaptoester, thiolene and siloxane functional groups. epoxy, oxetane, urethane, isocyanate and peroxide.
- crosslinking agent is meant a compound carrying at least two reactive functional groups capable of crosslinking a monomer or a polymer, or a mixture of monomers or polymers, during its polymerization.
- the crosslinking agent may be chosen from molecules bearing at least two functional groups selected from the group consisting of acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl ether, N-vinyl ether, mercaptoester, thiolene, siloxane, epoxy, oxetane, urethane, isocyanate and peroxide functions.
- the crosslinking agent is different from the monomers or polymers M1 and M2 as defined above.
- crosslinking agent there may be mentioned in particular:
- diacrylates such as 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1, 9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 2,2-bis (4) methacryloxyphenyl) propane, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,10-decanediol dimethacrylate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) N, N'-1,9-nonylene biscarbamate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,5-pentanediol dimethacrylate, 1, 4- Phenylene diacrylate, allyl methacrylate, ⁇ , ⁇ '-methylenebisacrylamide, 2,2-bis [4- (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy) phenyl] propane, tetra
- multifunctional acrylates such as dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, ethylenediamine tetramethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate;
- acrylates which also have other reactive functional groups, such as propargyl methacrylate, 2-cyanoethyl acrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, N-acryloxysuccinimide, N- (2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide, N- ( 3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide hydrochloride, N- (t-BOC-aminopropyl) methacrylamide, 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride, monoacryloxyethyl phosphate, o-nitrobenzyl methacrylate, acrylic anhydride, 2- (tert-butylamino) ethyl methacrylate, N, N-diallylacrylamide, glycidyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 4- (2-acryloxyaheoxy) -2-hydroxybenzophenone, N- (Phthalimidomethyl) acrylamide, cinnamy
- photoinitiator is meant a compound capable of fragmenting under the effect of light radiation.
- the photoinitiators which can be used according to the present invention are known in the art and are described, for example in "Photoinitiators in the crosslinking of coatings", G. Li Bassi, Double Liaison - Chemistry of Paints, No. 361, November 1985, p. 34-41; "Industrial applications of photoinduced polymerization", Henri Strub, L'Actualéclairage Chimique, February 2000, p.5-13; and "Photopolymers: Theoretical Considerations and Catch Response", Marc, J.M. Abadie, Double Liaison - Paint Chemistry, No. 435-436, 1992, p.28-34.
- the photoinitiator is different from the monomers or polymers M1 and M2 as defined above.
- photoinitiators include:
- ⁇ -hydroxyketones such as 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, sold for example under the names DAROCUR® 1 173 and 4265, IRGACURE® 184, 2959, and 500 by BASF, and ADDITOL® CPK by CYTEC;
- ⁇ -aminoketones especially 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1, sold, for example, under the names Irgacure® 907 and 369 by the company BASF;
- acylphosphine oxides such as, for example, bis-acylphosphine oxides (BAPO) sold for example under the names IRGACURE® 819, 1700, and 1800, DAROCUR® 4265, LUCIRIN® TPO, and LUCIRIN® TPO-L by the company BASF.
- BAPO bis-acylphosphine oxides
- aromatic ketones such as benzophenone, phenylglyoxylates, such as the methyl ester of phenylglyoxylic acid, oxime esters, such as [1- (4-phenylsulfanylbenzoyl) heptylideneamino] benzoate, sulphonium salts, iodonium salts and oxime sulphonates.
- the ratio of the total mass of M2 contained in C2 relative to the total mass of M1 contained in C2 is between 0.001 and 0.5, preferably between 0.01 and 0.3, preferably between 0.01 and 0.1.
- the average molecular weight of the monomers or polymers M1 of the composition C2 is less than 5,000 g. mol "1.
- the average molecular weight is between 50 g. mol" 1 and 3000 g. mol "1, preferably between 100 g. mol” 1 and 2000 g. mol "1 .
- the average molecular weight of the crosslinking agent (or crosslinking agents) of the composition C2 is less than 5,000 g. mol "1.
- this average molecular weight is between 50 g. mol "1 and 2000 g mol -1 , preferably between 50 g. mol "1 and 1000 g mol -1 .
- the average molecular weight of the initiator or crosslinking catalyst of the composition C2 is less than 5,000 g. mol "1.
- the average molecular weight is between 50 g. mol" 1 and 3000 g. mol "1, preferably between 100 g. mol” 1 and 2000 g. mol “1 .
- the composition C2 comprises only molecules of average molecular weight less than 5,000 g. mol "1. If the C2 composition comprises a molecule other than the monomers or polymers, crosslinking agents or crosslinking initiator or above catalyst, this molecule has an average molecular weight less than 5000 g. mol" 1.
- the volume fraction of C1 in C2 is between 0.1 and 0.5.
- This choice of the volume fraction of C1 in C2 makes it possible to advantageously control the thickness of the envelope of the capsules obtained at the end of the process between 0.2 ⁇ and 8 ⁇ depending on the size of the capsules (themselves between 1 ⁇ and 30 ⁇ ).
- the composition C2 comprises from 5% to 30% by weight of crosslinking agent (s) relative to the total weight of said composition.
- the composition C2 comprises from 5% to 20%, and preferably from 5% to 15%, by weight of crosslinking agent (s) relative to the total weight of said composition.
- the ratio of the number of moles of reactive functions of the monomers or polymers (or oligomers) M1 contained in C2 relative to the number of moles of monomers or polymers (or oligomers) M1 contained in C2 is greater than 1, 5, preferably between 1, 7 and 3.
- the term "reactive function" denotes an atom or a group of atoms present in the monomer or polymer and capable of creating a covalent chemical bond with another molecule included in C2. These functions include, for example, acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl ether, N-vinyl ether, mercaptoester, thiolene, siloxane, epoxy, oxetane, urethane, isocyanate and peroxide functions.
- the term "molecules contained in C2" denotes all the molecules contained in the above-mentioned composition C2, and therefore especially the above-mentioned monomers or polymers, crosslinking agents and initiators or catalysts.
- the composition C2 does not comprise other molecules than the monomers or polymers, crosslinking agents and initiators or catalysts mentioned above.
- the molecules contained in the composition C2 consist of the monomers or polymers, crosslinking agents and initiators or catalysts mentioned above.
- the composition C2 comprises a monomer (or polymer) M1, a monomer (or polymer) M2, a crosslinking agent and a (photo) initiator.
- the "number of moles of reactive functions of the monomers or polymers M1 contained in C2 relative to the number of moles of monomers or polymers M1 contained in C2" can be counted by counting the number of moles of functions.
- the composition C2 contains less than 5% by weight of molecules having no reactive function, preferably between 0.01% and 4%, preferably between 0.01% and 3%.
- This embodiment is advantageous in that it makes it possible to have a greater number of crosslinking points in the shell material of the capsules. Indeed, a "molecule having no reactive function" can not be linked to any other molecule included in C2. A molecule with a single reactive function can be linked to only one other molecule in C2, whereas a molecule with two reactive functions can be linked to two other molecules, and so on when the number of reactive functions increases. .
- the composition C2 comprises from 65% to 95% by weight of monomer or polymer, or a mixture of monomers or polymers, and from 5% to 30% by weight of crosslinking agent (s). ) relative to the total weight of the composition C2.
- the composition C2 comprises from 0.1% to 5% by weight of photoinitiator or a mixture of photoinitiators, relative to the total weight of the composition C2.
- Step b) of the process according to the invention consists in preparing a second emulsion (E2).
- the second emulsion consists of a dispersion of droplets of the first emulsion in a composition C3 immiscible with C2, created by dropwise addition of the emulsion (E1) in C3 with stirring.
- the emulsion (E1) is at a temperature between 15 ° C and 60 ° C.
- the composition C3 is at a temperature between 15 ° C and 60 ° C.
- the compositions C2 and C3 are not miscible with each other, which means that the amount (by weight) of the composition C2 capable of being solubilized in the composition C3 is less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than 1%, and preferably less than 0.5%, relative to the total weight of composition C3, and that the amount (by weight) of the composition C3 capable of to be solubilized in composition C2 is less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than 1%, and preferably less than 0.5%, relative to the total weight of composition C2.
- a double drop formed during step b) corresponds to a single drop of composition C1 as described above, surrounded by a composition envelope C2 which completely encapsulates said single drop.
- the double drop formed during step b) may also comprise at least two simple drops of composition C1, said simple drops being surrounded by a composition envelope C2 which completely encapsulates said single drops.
- said double drops comprise a heart consisting of one or more single drops of composition C1, and a layer of composition C2 surrounding said heart.
- the resulting emulsion (E2) is generally a double polydisperse emulsion (C1-in-C2-in-C3 emulsion or C1 / C2 / C3 emulsion), which means that the double drops do not have a distinct size distribution in the emulsion (E2).
- compositions C2 and C3 make it possible to avoid mixing between the layer of composition C2 and the composition C3 and thus ensures the stability of the emulsion (E2).
- compositions C2 and C3 also makes it possible to prevent the water-soluble substance of the composition C1 from migrating from the heart of the drops to the composition C3.
- step b it is possible to use any type of stirrer usually used to form emulsions, such as, for example, a mechanical stirrer, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a membrane homogenizer, a homogenizer at high pressure, a colloid mill, a high shear disperser or a high speed homogenizer.
- the viscosity of the composition C3 at 25 ° C is higher than the viscosity of the emulsion (E1) at 25 ° C.
- the viscosity of the composition C3 at 25 ° C is between 500 mPa.s and 100,000 mPa.s.
- the viscosity of the composition C3 at 25 ° C. is between 3,000 mPa.s and 100,000 mPa.s, preferably between 5,000 mPa.s and 80,000 mPa.s, for example between 7,000 mPa.s. and 70,000 mPa.s.
- the destabilization rate of the double drops of the emulsion (E2) is significantly slow compared to the duration of the process of the invention. , which then provides a kinetic stabilization of the emulsions (E2) and then (E3) until the polymerization of the capsule shell is completed.
- the capsules once polymerized are thermodynamically stable.
- the very high viscosity of the composition C3 ensures the stability of the emulsion (E2) obtained at the end of step b).
- a low surface tension between C3 and the first emulsion and a high viscosity of the system advantageously ensure the kinetic stability of the double emulsion (E2), preventing it from being out of phase for the duration of the manufacturing process.
- the interfacial tension between compositions C2 and C3 is low.
- the low interfacial tension between the compositions C2 and C3 also advantageously makes it possible to ensure the stability of the emulsion (E2) obtained at the end of step b).
- the volume fraction of the first emulsion in C3 can be varied from 0.05 to 0.5 in order, on the one hand, to improve the production yield and, on the other hand, to vary the mean diameter of the capsules.
- the size distribution of the second emulsion is relatively wide.
- the ratio between the emulsion volume (E1) and the composition volume C3 varies between 1: 10 and 10: 1.
- this ratio is between 1: 9 and 3: 1, preferably between 1: 9 and 1: 1.
- the composition C3 further comprises at least one connected polymer, preferably with a molecular weight greater than 5000 g. mol "1 , and / or at least one polymer of molecular weight greater than 5,000 g. mol " 1 , and / or solid particles such as silicates.
- the composition C3 comprises at least one connected polymer, preferably with a molecular weight greater than 5,000 g. mol "1, preferably between 10 000 g. mol” 1 and 500 000 g. mol “1 , for example between 50,000 g mol -1 and 300,000 g. mol "1 .
- branched polymer (or branched polymer) is meant a polymer having at least one branch point between its two end groups, a branch point (also called branch point) being a point of a chain on which is fixed a side chain also called branch or hanging chain.
- branched polymers there may be mentioned for example graft polymers, comb, or star polymers or dendrimers.
- the composition C3 comprises at least one polymer with a molecular weight greater than 5,000 g. mol "1, preferably between 10 000 g. mol” 1 and 500 000 g. mol "1 , for example between 50,000 g mol -1 and 300,000 g. mol "1 .
- composition C3 As a polymer that can be used in the composition C3, mention may be made of the following compounds, used alone or mixed together:
- cellulose derivatives such as cellulose ethers: methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose or methylhydroxypropyl cellulose;
- polyacrylates also called carbomers
- PAA polyacrylic acid
- PMAA polymethacrylic acid
- HPEMA poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
- HPMA poly (N-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate)
- polyacrylamides such as poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM); polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and its derivatives;
- PNIPAM poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- poly (ethylene glycol), poly (propylene glycol) and their derivatives such as poly (ethylene glycol) acrylate / methacrylate, poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate / dimethacrylate, polypropylene carbonate;
- polysaccharides such as carrageenans, carob gum or tara gums, dextran, xanthan gums, chitosan, agarose, hyaluronic acids, gellan gum, guar gum, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, diuretic gum, oat gum, karaya gum, ghatti gum, curdian gum, pectin, konjac gum, starch;
- protein derivatives such as gelatin, collagen, fibrin, polylysine, albumin, casein;
- silicone derivatives such as polydimethylsiloxane (also called dimethicone), alkyl silicones, aryl silicones, alkyl aryl silicones, polyethylene glycol dimethicones, polypropylene glycol dimethicone;
- waxes such as diester waxes (alkanediol diesters, hydroxyl acid diesters), triester waxes (triacylglycerols, triesters of alkane-1,2-diol, ⁇ -hydroxy acid and fatty acid, esters of hydroxymalonic acid, fatty acid and alcohol, triesters of hydroxyl acids, fatty acid and fatty alcohol, triesters of fatty acid, hydroxyl acid and diol) and polyester waxes (polyesters of acids bold).
- diester waxes alkanediol diesters, hydroxyl acid diesters
- triester waxes triacylglycerols, triesters of alkane-1,2-diol, ⁇ -hydroxy acid and fatty acid, esters of hydroxymalonic acid, fatty acid and alcohol, triesters of hydroxyl acids, fatty acid and fatty alcohol, triesters of fatty acid, hydroxyl acid and diol
- polyester waxes
- fatty acid esters which may be used as waxes in the context of the invention are, for example, cetyl palmitate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl laurate, cetyl lactate, cetyl isononanoate and stearate.
- fatty acids which can be used as waxes such as cerotic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, dihydroxystearic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, arachidic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, tridecyclic acid, pentadecyclic acid, margaric acid, nonadecyclic acid, henicosylic acid, tricosylic acid, pentacosylic acid, heptacosylic acid, montanic acid or nonacosylic acid; fatty acid salts, in particular fatty acid aluminum salts, such as aluminum stearate, hydroxyl aluminum bis (2-ethylhexanoate);
- castor oil and its derivatives especially modified hydrogenated castor oil or compounds obtained by esterification of castor oil with fatty alcohols;
- styrenic polymers such as styrene butadiene
- polyolefins such as polyisobutene.
- the composition C3 comprises solid particles such as clays, silicas and silicates.
- clays and silicates belonging in particular to the category of phyllosilicates also known as layered silicas.
- silicates also known as layered silicas.
- the fumed synthetic silicas can also be used.
- the clays, silicates and silicas mentioned above can advantageously be modified by organic molecules such as polyethers, ethoxylated amides, quaternary ammonium salts, long-chain diamines, long-chain esters, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols.
- These particles can be used alone or mixed together.
- the composition C3 comprises at least one polymer with a molecular weight greater than 5,000 g. mol- 1 and solid particles Any mixture of the compounds mentioned above may be used.
- Step c) of the process according to the invention consists in refining the size of the drops of the second emulsion (E2).
- This step may consist in applying a homogeneous controlled shear to the emulsion (E2), said shear rate applied being between 10 s -1 and 100,000 s -1 .
- the double polydisperse drops obtained in step b) are subjected to a size refinement consisting of shearing them capable of breaking them into new double drops of homogeneous and controlled diameters.
- this fragmentation step is carried out using a Couette type high-shear cell according to a process described in patent application EP 15 306 428.2.
- step c) the second emulsion (E2), obtained at the end of step b), consisting of polydisperse double droplets dispersed in a continuous phase, is subjected to a shear in a mixer, which applies a homogeneous controlled shear.
- step c) consists of applying homogenous controlled shear to the emulsion (E2), said shear rate applied being between 1000 s -1 and 100,000 s -1 .
- the shear rate is said to be controlled and homogeneous, regardless of the duration, when it passes to an identical maximum value for all parts of the emulsion, at a given instant that may vary. from one point of the emulsion to another.
- the exact configuration of the mixer is not essential according to the invention, as long as the entire emulsion has been subjected to the same maximum shear out of this device.
- Mixers adapted to perform step c) are described in particular in US 5,938,581.
- the second emulsion can undergo homogeneous controlled shear as it flows through a cell formed by:
- the shear rate applied to the second emulsion is between 1,000 s -1 and 100,000 s -1 , preferably between 1,000 s -1 and 50,000 s -1 , and preferably between 2,000 s "1 and 20,000 s " 1 .
- the second emulsion is introduced into the mixer and is then subjected to shear resulting in the formation of the third emulsion.
- the third emulsion (E3) is chemically identical to the second emulsion (E2) but consists of monodisperse double drops while the emulsion (E2) consists of double polydisperse drops.
- the third emulsion (E3) typically consists of a dispersion of double drops comprising a core consisting of one or more drops of composition C1 and a layer of composition C2 encapsulating said core, said double drops being dispersed in composition C3.
- the difference between the second emulsion and the third emulsion is the size variance of the double drops: the drops of the second emulsion are polydisperse in size while the drops of the third emulsion are monodisperse, thanks to the fragmentation mechanism described above.
- the second emulsion is introduced continuously into the mixer, which means that the quantity of double emulsion (E2) introduced at the mixer inlet is the same as the quantity of third emulsion ( E3) at the mixer outlet.
- the size of the drops of the emulsion (E3) corresponds essentially to the size of the drops of the solid microcapsules after polymerization, it is possible to adjust the size of the microcapsules and the thickness of the envelope by adjusting the speed of the shear during step c), with a strong correlation between droplet size decrease and shear rate increase. This makes it possible to adjust the resulting dimensions of the microcapsules by varying the shear rate applied during step c).
- the mixer implemented during step c) is a Couette type mixer, comprising two concentric cylinders, an outer cylinder of inner radius R 0 and an inner cylinder of outer radius R , the cylinder external being fixed and the inner cylinder being rotated with an angular velocity ⁇ .
- a Couette type mixer adapted for the process of the invention may be provided by T.S.R. La France.
- the angular velocity ⁇ of the internal rotating cylinder of the Couette type mixer is greater than or equal to 30 rad.s -1 .
- the angular velocity ⁇ of the inner rotating cylinder of the Couette type mixer is about 70 rad.s -1 .
- the distance d between the two concentric cylinders is equal to 100 ⁇ .
- the second emulsion is introduced at the inlet of the mixer, typically via a pump, and is directed towards the space between the two concentric cylinders, the outer cylinder being fixed and the inner cylinder being rotated at an angular velocity ⁇ .
- R 0 is the internal radius of the fixed outer cylinder
- - R is the outer radius of the inner cylinder in rotation.
- the step c) consists in applying to the emulsion (E2) a shear rate of less than 1000 s "1 .
- the fragmentation step c) can be carried out using any type of mixer usually used to form emulsions with a shear rate of less than 1000 s -1 , in which case the viscosity of the composition C3 is greater than 2,000 mPa.s, namely under conditions such as those described in the patent application FR 16 61787.
- the emulsion (E2) consisting of polydisperse drops dispersed in a continuous phase, is subjected to shear, for example in a mixer, at a low shear rate, to be less than 1,000 s "1 .
- the shear rate applied in step c) is, for example, between 10 s -1 and 1000 s -1 .
- the shear rate applied in step c) is strictly less than 1000 s -1 .
- the emulsion drops (E2) can be efficiently fragmented into fine and monodisperse emulsion drops (E3) only if a high shear stress is applied thereto.
- the shear stress ⁇ applied to a drop of emulsion (E2) is defined as the tangential force per unit area of drop resulting from the macroscopic shear applied to the emulsion during its stirring during step d).
- the high viscosity of the composition C3 makes it possible to apply a very high shear stress to the emulsion drops (E2) in the mixer, even if the shear rate is low and the shear inhomogeneous.
- step c) it is possible to use any type of stirrer usually used to form emulsions, such as, for example, a mechanical stirrer, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a homogenizer membrane, a high pressure homogenizer, a colloid mill, a high shear disperser or a high speed homogenizer.
- a mechanical stirrer such as, for example, a mechanical stirrer, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a homogenizer membrane, a high pressure homogenizer, a colloid mill, a high shear disperser or a high speed homogenizer.
- a mechanical stirrer such as, for example, a mechanical stirrer, a static emulsifier, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a homogenizer membrane, a high pressure homogenizer, a colloid mill, a high shear disperser or a high speed homogenizer.
- a simple emulsifier such as a mechanical stirrer with pale or a static emulsifier is used to implement step c). Indeed, this is possible because this embodiment requires neither controlled shear nor shear greater than 1,000 s -1 .
- Step d) of the process of the invention consists of the crosslinking and therefore the formation of the shell of the solid microcapsules according to the invention.
- This step makes it possible both to achieve the expected retention performance of the capsules and to ensure their thermodynamic stability, permanently preventing any destabilizing mechanism such as coalescence or ripening.
- step d) is a photopolymerization step of exposing the emulsion (E3) to a light source capable of initiating the photopolymerization of the composition C2, in particular to a UV light source emitting preferably in the wavelength range of between 100 nm and 400 nm, and in particular for a duration of less than 15 minutes.
- a light source capable of initiating the photopolymerization of the composition C2
- a UV light source emitting preferably in the wavelength range of between 100 nm and 400 nm, and in particular for a duration of less than 15 minutes.
- step d) consists in subjecting the emulsion (E3) to photopolymerization, which will allow the photopolymerization of the composition C2. This step will make it possible to obtain microcapsules encapsulating the water-soluble substance as defined above.
- step d) consists in exposing the emulsion (E3) to a light source capable of initiating the photopolymerization of the composition C2.
- the light source is a source of UV light.
- the UV light source emits in the wavelength range of between 100 nm and 400 nm.
- the emulsion (E3) is exposed to a light source for less than 15 minutes, and preferably for 5 to 10 minutes.
- step d the envelope of the aforementioned double drops, consisting of photocrosslinkable composition C2, is cross-linked and thus converted into a viscoelastic polymeric envelope, encapsulating and protecting the water-soluble substance from being released in the absence of mechanical triggering. .
- step d) is a polymerization step, without exposure to a light source, the duration of this polymerization step d) being preferably between 8 hours and 100 hours and / or this step d) is carried out at a temperature between 20 ° C and 80 ° C.
- the polymerization is initiated for example by exposure to heat (thermal initiation), or simply by contacting the monomers, polymers and crosslinking agents with each other, or with a catalyst.
- the polymerization time is then generally greater than several hours.
- step d) of polymerization of the composition C2 is carried out for a period of between 8 hours and 100 hours, at a temperature between 20 ° C and 80 ° C.
- composition obtained at the end of step d), comprising solid microcapsules dispersed in the composition C3, is ready for use and can be used without any additional step of post-treatment of the capsules is required.
- the thickness of the envelope of the microcapsules thus obtained is typically between 0.2 ⁇ and 8 ⁇ , preferably between 0.2 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ .
- the solid microcapsules obtained at the end of step d) are devoid of surfactant.
- the method of the invention has the advantage of not requiring a surfactant, in any of the steps described.
- the process of the invention thus makes it possible to reduce the presence of additives which could modify the properties of the final product obtained after release of the active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a series (or set) of solid microcapsules, obtainable by the method as defined above, in which each microcapsule comprises:
- a core comprising a composition C1 as defined above, and
- a solid envelope completely encapsulating the heart at its periphery, said solid envelope comprising pores less than 1 nm in size
- the thickness of the rigid envelope is between 0.2 ⁇ and 8 ⁇ , preferably between 0.2 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ and the standard deviation the diameter distribution of the microcapsules is less than 50%, in particular less than 25%, or less than 1 ⁇ .
- the solid microcapsules obtained by the process of the invention are formed of a core containing at least one active agent (composition C1) and a solid envelope (obtained from composition C2) completely encapsulating at its periphery said core, said envelope solid comprising pores less than 1 nm in size.
- the process of the invention makes it possible to obtain monodisperse particles.
- the series of solid microcapsules mentioned above is formed of a population of monodisperse particles in size.
- the standard deviation of the diameter distribution of the microcapsules is less than 50%, in particular less than 25%, or less than 1 ⁇ m.
- the size distribution of the solid microcapsules can be measured by light scattering technique using a Mastersizer 3000 (Malvern Instruments) equipped with a Hydro SV cell.
- the aforementioned solid microcapsules comprise a solid envelope entirely composed of crosslinked polymer (obtained from composition C2) and comprising pores less than 1 nm in size.
- the present invention therefore also relates to solid microcapsules comprising a core and a solid envelope completely encapsulating at its periphery the heart, in which the core is a composition C1 as defined above, and wherein said solid envelope is made of crosslinked polymer. and comprises pores smaller than 1 nm, the diameter of said microcapsule being between 1 ⁇ and 30 ⁇ and the thickness of the rigid envelope being between 0.2 ⁇ and 8 ⁇ .
- the pore size of less than 1 nm means for any microcapsule before changing the pH of the external medium or irradiation with UV radiation.
- the present invention also relates to a composition comprising a series of solid microcapsules as defined above.
- the expressions "between ... and !, “from ... to ! and “from ... to " must be understood as inclusive, unless otherwise specified.
- a mechanical stirrer (Ika Eurostar 20) equipped with a deflocculating stirring propeller is used to carry out all the stirring steps.
- composition C3 is stirred at 1000 rpm until complete homogenization and then left to stand for one hour at room temperature.
- the first emulsion (E1) is then added dropwise to the composition C3 with stirring at 2000 rpm. This gives the second emulsion (E2).
- the second polydisperse emulsion (E2) obtained in the previous step is stirred at 2000 rpm for 3 minutes.
- a monodisperse emulsion (E3) is thus obtained.
- the second monodisperse emulsion (E3), obtained in the previous step, is irradiated for 10 minutes with the aid of a UV light source (Dymax LightBox ECE 2000) having a maximum light intensity of 0.1 W / cm 2 at a wavelength of 365 nm.
- a UV light source Dymax LightBox ECE 2000
- the microcapsules obtained have a good size distribution, namely an average size of 5 ⁇ and their size distribution has a standard deviation of 1 ⁇ .
- the capsules are subjected to a lowering of the pH to a value of less than 3, it is observed under the microscope swelling of the wall of the capsules characteristic of the increase in porosity.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1759696A FR3072300B1 (fr) | 2017-10-16 | 2017-10-16 | Procede de preparation de capsules sensibles au ph ou au rayonnement uv et capsules obtenues |
| PCT/EP2018/078269 WO2019076911A1 (fr) | 2017-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Procédé de préparation de capsules sensibles au ph ou au rayonnement uv et capsules obtenues |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3697527A1 true EP3697527A1 (fr) | 2020-08-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18789373.0A Pending EP3697527A1 (fr) | 2017-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Procédé de préparation de capsules sensibles au ph ou au rayonnement uv et capsules obtenues |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20200290006A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3697527A1 (fr) |
| CN (2) | CN111344057B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3072300B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019076911A1 (fr) |
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| US20250360478A1 (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2025-11-27 | Calyxia Sas | Process for the manufacture of microcapsules and microcapsules |
| EP4637986A1 (fr) * | 2022-12-20 | 2025-10-29 | Calyxia SAS | Pluralité de microcapsules et leur utilisation dans des polymères |
| IL322381A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2025-09-01 | Calyxia | Clomazone microcapsules |
| EP4658072A1 (fr) * | 2023-01-31 | 2025-12-10 | Calyxia | Microcapsules contenant des ingrédients agrochimiques |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3600642A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-21 | 2020-02-05 | Calyxia | Procédé de préparation de capsules avec des propriétés de rétention améliorées et capsules obtenues |
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| AR006355A1 (es) | 1996-03-22 | 1999-08-25 | Procter & Gamble | Activo suavizante biodegradable y composicion que lo contiene |
| FR2747321B1 (fr) | 1996-04-16 | 1998-07-10 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede de preparation d'une emulsion |
| CA2269293C (fr) | 1996-10-21 | 2003-07-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composition d'assouplissant de textile concentree |
| JP2000159661A (ja) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-13 | Lion Corp | 徐放性マイクロカプセル含有水性組成物 |
| TR200200623T2 (tr) * | 1999-09-10 | 2002-07-22 | Syngenta Limited | Değişken bırakılma mikrokapsülleri. |
| US6964836B2 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-11-15 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photosensitive microcapsules containing a synthetic viscosity modifier in the continuous phase |
| WO2003094898A2 (fr) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-20 | Mcmaster University | Microcapsules contenant des substances biomedicales |
| US7183353B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2007-02-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | UV curable coating composition |
| JP2006255536A (ja) | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Trans Parent:Kk | pH応答性マイクロカプセルの調製方法 |
| ES2864019T3 (es) * | 2006-03-30 | 2021-10-13 | Fmc Corp | Microencapsulación de Clomazona por medio de un proceso de refinado y microcápsulas específicas producidas de la misma |
| WO2008046839A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-04-24 | Basf Se | Microcapsules |
| WO2009112442A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-17 | Basf Se | Microcapsules avec libération thermique ou induite par un rayonnement |
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| AU2010261875B2 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2016-02-11 | Basf Se | Microcapsules having highly branched polymers as cross-linking agents |
| CN101838375B (zh) * | 2010-04-23 | 2012-12-05 | 东华大学 | 温度和pH值双重刺激响应性智能聚合物微囊及其制备 |
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- 2017-10-16 FR FR1759696A patent/FR3072300B1/fr active Active
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2018
- 2018-10-16 EP EP18789373.0A patent/EP3697527A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-10-16 US US16/756,523 patent/US20200290006A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-10-16 CN CN201880072476.2A patent/CN111344057B/zh active Active
- 2018-10-16 WO PCT/EP2018/078269 patent/WO2019076911A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-10-16 CN CN202210871351.4A patent/CN115350659A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3600642A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-21 | 2020-02-05 | Calyxia | Procédé de préparation de capsules avec des propriétés de rétention améliorées et capsules obtenues |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3072300B1 (fr) | 2022-04-22 |
| CN111344057B (zh) | 2022-09-27 |
| FR3072300A1 (fr) | 2019-04-19 |
| CN111344057A (zh) | 2020-06-26 |
| CN115350659A (zh) | 2022-11-18 |
| US20200290006A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
| WO2019076911A1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 |
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