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EP3646943B1 - Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3646943B1
EP3646943B1 EP19208377.2A EP19208377A EP3646943B1 EP 3646943 B1 EP3646943 B1 EP 3646943B1 EP 19208377 A EP19208377 A EP 19208377A EP 3646943 B1 EP3646943 B1 EP 3646943B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
mixer
mixture
stirring shaft
conveying device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19208377.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3646943A2 (fr
EP3646943A3 (fr
Inventor
Patrik Kuhn
Armin Brühwiler
Raphael Bourquin
Didier Lootens
Luka OBLAK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sika Technology AG
Original Assignee
Sika Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology AG filed Critical Sika Technology AG
Publication of EP3646943A2 publication Critical patent/EP3646943A2/fr
Publication of EP3646943A3 publication Critical patent/EP3646943A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3646943B1 publication Critical patent/EP3646943B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/72—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with helices or sections of helices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/60—Mixing solids with solids
    • B01F23/64—Mixing solids with solids using rotatable mixing elements at the lower end of discharge hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0724—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis directly mounted on the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0725—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis on the free end of the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0726—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by a single radial rod, other than open frameworks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B01F27/1121—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades pin-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2123—Shafts with both stirring means and feeding or discharging means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/754—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer
    • B01F35/75455—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using a rotary discharge means, e.g. a screw beneath the receptacle
    • B01F35/754551—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using a rotary discharge means, e.g. a screw beneath the receptacle using helical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/0806—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/0818—Charging or discharging gates or chutes; Sealing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/142—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades
    • B28C5/143—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/148—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying a plurality of radially extending mixing bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/28—Mixing cement, mortar, clay, plaster or concrete ingredients

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of making a structure from building material using a mixer.
  • mixers with a drum are conventionally used, in which an agitator shaft is arranged, which can be driven by a drive.
  • the agitator shaft can be equipped with pins, for example, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, the material to be mixed is moved and mixed.
  • Such a mixer is, for example, in the published application WO 2007/066362 A1 shown. With this horizontal continuous mixer, the material to be mixed is fed into the drum via an inlet, mixed there by pins on the agitator shaft, and finally discharged from the drum again via a lateral outlet.
  • the pins on the agitator shaft of such a mixer can be designed and arranged in such a way that the material to be mixed is moved by the pins in a predetermined direction in the drum.
  • a movement of the material to be mixed through the drum of the mixer only works sufficiently well with certain viscosities of the material to be mixed.
  • the conveyance of the mixed material to an outlet of the mixer is insufficient, particularly in the case of highly viscous mixed materials. As a result, the mixer can become clogged and its function is impaired.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the known devices.
  • a mixer is to be made available in a process which can also continuously mix and convey substances with a higher viscosity.
  • the mixer should also be easy to use and inexpensive to operate.
  • the object is initially achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • the conveying device is arranged directly after the agitator shaft, so that the mixture mixed by the agitator shaft can be picked up directly by the conveying device and conveyed out of the drum through the outlet.
  • the agitator shaft is equipped with pins, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a material to be mixed in the drum is moved by the pins.
  • stirrer shafts with pins are particularly suitable for mixing components with large grain sizes, for example grain sizes of 2 to 10 mm.
  • This can be, for example, aggregates such as stones, gravel or sand.
  • a mixer is also suitable for mixing asymmetric substances such as mixed goods with fiber additives (for example carbon fibers, metal fibers or plastic fibers).
  • the agitator shaft is not fitted with pins, but is designed, for example, as a helical agitator, disk agitator or inclined blade agitator.
  • the conveying device and the agitator shaft are arranged on the same drive shaft, and this drive shaft can be driven by the drive. This has the advantage that an inexpensive and robust device results.
  • the conveyor device and the agitator shaft are arranged on two separate drive shafts, the conveyor device being arranged on a first drive shaft and the agitator shaft on a second drive shaft, so that the conveyor device and agitator shaft can be driven at different speeds.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage that the mixing and the conveying of the material to be mixed can be adjusted separately from one another. In this way, mixing and conveying that is optimal for the respective purpose can be achieved through a specifically adjustable mixing capacity and conveying capacity. For example, for a first application, low mixing combined with high delivery capacity and/or delivery at high pressure can be advantageous, and for a second application thorough mixing combined with low delivery capacity and/or delivery at low pressure can be advantageous.
  • the agitator shaft and the conveyor device are arranged side by side in the drum, with the agitator shaft being arranged on a first drum section and the conveyor device on a second drum section, and with the inlet on the first Barrel section and the outlet are arranged on the second barrel section.
  • the first drum section with the agitator shaft arranged therein forms between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 85%, particularly preferably between 70% and 80%, of a volume of the drum. It has been shown that by dividing the drum in this way, an optimal mixing performance can be achieved with a desired conveying performance of the mixer.
  • the conveyor element is designed as a conveyor screw.
  • the conveyor screw has at least one, preferably at least two, windings. Such a screw conveyor has the advantage that high-viscosity mixtures can also be conveyed in the drum and can also be conveyed out of the drum through the outlet with a desired pressure.
  • windings can differ in their extent in the direction of the drive shaft, with the windings becoming narrower towards one end of the conveyor device.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the constriction of the windings.
  • a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device can be designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • a volume for the material to be mixed becomes narrower towards one end of the conveying device.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the volume for the mixed material.
  • only one inlet or else two or more inlets can be arranged on the drum.
  • the components can be brought together, for example, before they are fed into the drum, or the components can be fed into the drum via separate inlets and only in the drum are mixed together.
  • the agitator shaft and any agitating elements arranged thereon, such as pins for example can be designed differently.
  • the drum comprises a first inlet and a second inlet, with a feed device being arranged at the first inlet.
  • a feed device being arranged at the first inlet.
  • the feed device comprises a funnel for receiving a powdery component, a second drive and a second agitator shaft coupled thereto and arranged in the funnel.
  • the second agitator shaft comprises radially arranged agitator blades, which are arranged in an inlet area of the funnel, and the second agitator shaft has an axially aligned stirring rod, which is radially offset from an axis of rotation of the agitator shaft and is arranged in an outlet area of the funnel.
  • stirring blades without a stirring rod or a stirring rod without stirring blades can also be arranged on the stirring shaft.
  • a component that is fed to the system via the feed device can be fed using a gravimetric method.
  • a gravimetric method In contrast to a volumetric method, this has the advantage that a supplied mass of one component can be set precisely, as a result of which a more precise mixing result can be achieved.
  • an additional second conveying device is arranged in the drum on the same axis as the agitator shaft and the conveying device in order to guide a first component introduced into the drum via the inlet away from the inlet before the first component is mixed with further components.
  • a system for applying a building material comprising a traversing device, a first component and a second component.
  • the system also includes a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, the mixer being arranged on the displacement device and being movable by it.
  • the first component and the second component for the production of the building material can be fed to the mixer.
  • the building material produced from the components can be applied via the outlet of the mixer.
  • the mixer according to the invention and described here is used as the mixer.
  • Such a system for applying a building material offers the advantage that, for example, building structures can be built efficiently and cost-effectively as a result.
  • the advantage of the arrangement proposed here lies in particular in the fact that the components are only mixed with one another shortly before the building material is applied. This is made possible by the mixer being arranged such that it can be moved via the traversing device, so that it can be brought to that position at which the building material is to be applied. Due to the direct application of the building material after the mixing process, a high-viscosity building material, such as concrete, can be used in the mixer without this high-viscosity building material having to be further conveyed or processed.
  • the first component is a pumpable concrete and the second component contains a concrete admixture.
  • the building material additive is a setting accelerator and/or a hardening accelerator.
  • a pumpable building material and a building material additive offers the advantage that both the pumpable building material and the building material additive can be transported in a simple manner from a container to the mixer, with the mixing of these two substances creating a highly viscous building material which can be directly Manufacture of a building structure can be used.
  • the traversing device is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3D printer, so that the system can be used to build structures from the building material.
  • Such systems in the form of 3D printers offer the advantage that entire structures can be produced from building material, such as building walls or the like. No formwork is necessary, and therefore the shape of the structure can be selected much more freely.
  • the mixer is operated during mixing at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute, preferably at a speed of more than 650 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed of more than 800 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at one Speed of more than 1000 revolutions per minute.
  • pumpable concrete was mixed with a setting or hardening accelerator at speeds between 200 and 2000 revolutions per minute. It was found that when mixing at speeds below 500 revolutions per minute, a sufficiently homogeneous or smooth mixture is not achieved, so that the pumpable concrete and the pumpable accelerator mix insufficiently with one another. This led to hardening and hardening behavior that was difficult to control, since the insufficiently homogeneous mixture has areas with an above-average amount of additive and areas with a correspondingly insufficient amount of additive. This can lead to blockages in the mixer and/or imperfections in the applied mixture, such as areas of insufficient strength after a certain time after leaving the mixer.
  • Tests have shown that higher speeds have the following effects: First, the concrete and accelerator are better mixed, resulting in more controllable setting or hardening behavior.
  • the concrete is broken up more, allowing the accelerator to act on a larger surface area of the concrete, resulting in a faster and more controllable reaction between the concrete and the accelerator.
  • the average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds, preferably less than 7 seconds, particularly preferably less than 4 seconds.
  • the mean dwell time of the mixture in the drum is the average time that a particle stays in the drum (from the inlet of the drum to the outlet of the drum).
  • An above-mentioned advantageous average residence time of at most a few seconds has the advantage that a mix of high or rapidly increasing viscosity can be conveyed, such as pumpable concrete mixed with setting accelerators and/or hardening accelerators.
  • the mixture When applying the mixture, the mixture is applied in several layers lying at least partially on top of one another.
  • an existing layer is only overlaid with a new layer of the mixture during application when the existing layer has sufficient strength to retain its original shape.
  • At least partially overlapping layers of the mixture are continuously built up, so that the structure is built up from building material in the manner of a 3D printer.
  • Such methods offer the advantage that entire structures can be produced from building material, such as building walls or the like. Compared to conventional methods, such methods offer the advantage that no formwork is necessary and that the shape of the structure can therefore also be selected much more freely.
  • the mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, an agitator shaft 4 and a conveyor device 5.
  • the drum 2 has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7.
  • the inlets 6 are in a first drum section 10, in which the agitator shaft is arranged and the outlet 7 is located on a second drum section 11, in which the conveyor device 5 is also arranged.
  • two inlets 6 are arranged on drum 2 .
  • the drum 2 has only one inlet.
  • the components to be mixed can already be brought together before they are conveyed into the drum 2 via the inlet.
  • the conveying device 5 is arranged directly after the agitator shaft 4 so that the mixture mixed by the agitator shaft 4 can be picked up directly by the conveying device 5 and conveyed through the outlet 7 out of the drum 2 .
  • the conveying device 5 is designed as a conveying screw.
  • the screw conveyor in this exemplary embodiment has two complete windings 9. Depending on the desired conveying capacity, the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or designed differently.
  • the conveying device 5 and the stirring shaft 4 are arranged on the same axis in the drum 2 .
  • the agitator shaft 4 is equipped with pins 8 so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a material to be mixed in the drum is moved by the pins 8 .
  • an exemplary mixer 1 is again shown.
  • a feeding device 12 is arranged at one of the inlets 6 in this mixer.
  • This feed device 12 is suitable, for example, for introducing a powdered component into the drum 2 of the mixer 1 evenly and without clogging.
  • the feeding device 12 which in 2 is arranged at one of the inlets 6, shown in more detail.
  • the feed device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second agitator shaft 16.
  • the second agitator shaft 16 is arranged in a funnel 19 so that it can rotate.
  • the hopper 19 has an entrance area 14 and an exit area 15.
  • Agitating blades 17 are arranged on the second agitating shaft in the entrance area of the hopper 19, and a stirring rod 18 is arranged on the second agitating shaft 16 in the exit area 15 of the hopper 19.
  • the agitator blades 17 are arranged radially on the second agitator shaft, so that they can convey a powdered component through the input area 14 of the hopper 19 .
  • the stirring rod 18 is axially aligned with respect to the second stirring shaft 16 and radially offset from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft 16 . As a result, this stirring rod 18 can prevent the outlet region 15 of the funnel 19 from becoming clogged.
  • an exemplary mixer 1 is again shown with a feed device 12 at one of the inlets.
  • a first component 20 and a second component 22 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed 21 and a second feed 23 respectively.
  • the first component 20 can be a powdery component, which is fed via the first feed 21 into the hopper of the feed device 12
  • the second component 22 can be, for example, a liquid or a pumpable substance, which is fed via the second feed 23 directly into the drum of the mixer 1 is guided.
  • the mixture is conveyed by the conveying device 5 through the outlet 25 of the mixer.
  • a system 30 for applying a building material includes a traversing device 31 and a first component 32 and a second component 33.
  • the first component 32 and the second component 33 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed 34 and a second feed 35 .
  • the mixer 1 includes an outlet 36 through which the building material can be applied.
  • the mixer 1 can be moved by the moving device 31 .
  • the traversing device 31, as shown in this exemplary embodiment can have an arm which is designed to be movable.
  • a multi-articulated arm can be used to allow a more varied movement of the mixer 1 in space.
  • the traversing device 31 is designed as a 3D printer.
  • FIG. 6 an exemplary embodiment of a conveyor device 5 is shown.
  • initially more than two turns 9 are formed.
  • the windings 9 differ in their extent in the direction of the drive shaft, the windings 9 becoming narrower towards one end of the conveyor device 5 .
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed, depending on the alignment of the constriction of the windings 9.
  • a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device 5 is designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • a volume for the material to be mixed becomes narrower towards one end of the conveying device 5 .
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed, depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the volume for the material to be mixed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une structure en matériau de construction, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    le mélange d'un matériau de construction pompable et d'une substance pompable contenant un additif de matériau de construction, le matériau de construction pompable étant du béton, et l'additif de matériau de construction contenant un additif de béton, avec un mélangeur (1), le mélangeur (1) comprenant : un tambour (2) ayant au moins une entrée (6) et une sortie (7), un entraînement (3), une tige d'agitation (4) pour mélanger un produit à mélanger disposée dans le tambour (2) et qui est couplée à l'entraînement (3), et un dispositif d'acheminement (5) qui est disposé dans le tambour (2) ; et
    l'application du mélange avec un dispositif de déplacement (31),
    lors de l'application du mélange, le mélange étant appliqué en plusieurs couches au moins partiellement superposées, et
    lors de l'application, des couches au moins partiellement superposées du mélange étant formées en continu, de telle sorte que la structure est formée à partir de matériau de construction à la manière d'une imprimante 3D, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'acheminement est disposé sur un même axe que la tige d'agitation (4), et en ce que lors de l'application du mélange avec le dispositif de déplacement (31), un temps de séjour moyen du mélange dans le tambour est inférieur à 10 secondes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'additif de béton est un accélérateur de prise et/ou un accélérateur de durcissement.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif d'acheminement (5) est directement raccordé à la tige d'agitation (4), de telle sorte que le produit à mélanger mélangé par la tige d'agitation (4) peut être saisi directement par le dispositif d'acheminement (5) et peut acheminé hors du tambour (2) à travers la sortie (7).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif d'acheminement (5) et la tige d'agitation (4) sont disposés sur un même arbre d'entraînement, et dans lequel cet arbre d'entraînement peut être entraîné par l'entraînement (3).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la tige d'agitation (4) et le dispositif d'acheminement (5) sont disposés côte à côte dans le tambour (2), dans lequel la tige d'agitation (4) est disposée sur une première section de tambour (10) et le dispositif d'acheminement (5) est disposé sur une deuxième section de tambour (11), et dans lequel l'au moins une entrée (6) est disposée sur la première section de tambour (10) et la sortie (7) est disposée sur la deuxième section de tambour (11).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la première section de tambour (10), avec la tige d'agitation (4) disposée à l'intérieur, forme entre 50 % et 90 %, de préférence entre 60 % et 85 %, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 70 % et 80 %, d'un volume du tambour (2).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'élément d'acheminement (5) est configuré sous forme de vis sans fin d'acheminement.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la vis sans fin d'acheminement présente au moins une, de préférence au moins deux spires (9).
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le tambour (2) comprend une première entrée (6) et une deuxième entrée (6), et dans lequel un dispositif d'amenée (12) est disposé au niveau de la première entrée (6).
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le mélangeur (1) fonctionne à une vitesse supérieure à 500 tours par minute lors du mélange.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, lors de l'application, une couche existante n'est superposée par une nouvelle couche du mélange que lorsque la couche existante présente une résistance suffisamment élevée pour conserver une forme d'origine.
EP19208377.2A 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction Active EP3646943B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16158056 2016-03-01
PCT/EP2017/054824 WO2017149040A1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction
EP17707571.0A EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction

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EP17707571.0A Division EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction
EP17707571.0A Division-Into EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction

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EP3646943A2 EP3646943A2 (fr) 2020-05-06
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EP3646943B1 true EP3646943B1 (fr) 2023-05-24

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EP19208377.2A Active EP3646943B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction
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JP7089476B2 (ja) 2022-06-22
RU2018125991A (ru) 2020-04-01
CN108698001A (zh) 2018-10-23
DK3646943T3 (da) 2023-08-14
US12064901B2 (en) 2024-08-20
KR20220070330A (ko) 2022-05-30
AU2017225809B2 (en) 2022-07-21
KR20180119568A (ko) 2018-11-02
EP3646943A2 (fr) 2020-05-06
CO2018010008A2 (es) 2018-09-28
JP2019511972A (ja) 2019-05-09
CA3015856A1 (fr) 2017-09-08
EP3659699A2 (fr) 2020-06-03
PT3659699T (pt) 2024-07-03
EP3659699B1 (fr) 2024-05-08
EP3659699A3 (fr) 2020-10-21
ZA201806381B (en) 2019-07-31
JP2022016472A (ja) 2022-01-21
EP3423178A1 (fr) 2019-01-09
US20240367345A1 (en) 2024-11-07
SA518392206B1 (ar) 2023-01-18
CL2018002448A1 (es) 2018-12-28
BR112018017136A2 (pt) 2019-01-15
PT3646943T (pt) 2023-07-27
RU2735761C2 (ru) 2020-11-06
US20240181676A1 (en) 2024-06-06
MX2018010452A (es) 2019-03-28
WO2017149040A1 (fr) 2017-09-08
CN108698001B (zh) 2022-08-02
AU2017225809A1 (en) 2018-08-16
DK3659699T3 (da) 2024-08-05
EP3423178B1 (fr) 2022-08-17
ES2951846T3 (es) 2023-10-25
EP3646943A3 (fr) 2020-10-14
RU2018125991A3 (fr) 2020-09-01
SG11201807491SA (en) 2018-09-27
ES2980195T3 (es) 2024-09-30

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