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EP3645183B1 - Outil de type pont servant à produire des profilés extrudés à section transversale variable - Google Patents

Outil de type pont servant à produire des profilés extrudés à section transversale variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3645183B1
EP3645183B1 EP18745490.5A EP18745490A EP3645183B1 EP 3645183 B1 EP3645183 B1 EP 3645183B1 EP 18745490 A EP18745490 A EP 18745490A EP 3645183 B1 EP3645183 B1 EP 3645183B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
bridge
wedge
inner displacement
shaped element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18745490.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3645183A1 (fr
Inventor
Sören Müller
Maik NEGENDANK
Vidal SANABRIA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3645183A1 publication Critical patent/EP3645183A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/08—Dies or mandrels with section variable during extruding, e.g. for making tapered work; Controlling variation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, rods or tubes
    • B21C23/085—Making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/217—Tube extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/04—Mandrels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bridge tool for producing extruded profiles with varying cross-sections.
  • Extrusion is a forming process for producing different geometries, especially bars, tubes and profiles.
  • a compact (block) heated to forming temperature is pressed through a die using a punch.
  • the block is enclosed by a recipient.
  • the external shape of the pressed strand is determined by the die.
  • the punch pushes the block along the inner surface of the container towards the die.
  • the container is closed on one side and the die, which is located on the head of a hollow punch, is pressed onto the block from the other side.
  • the strand passes through the punch hole. Its diameter thus limits the circumscribing circle of the profile cross-section.
  • the pressing force is not applied directly to the block by the punch, but via an active medium (water or oil).
  • Complex hollow profiles made of light metal can be produced using direct extrusion processes using chamber or bridge tools, whereby the bridge tools have a die part and a mandrel part include. As already explained, the outer contour is determined by the die and the inner shape by the mandrel.
  • the mandrel itself is not connected directly to the extrusion press, but rather to the mandrel part of the tool via support arms or bridges.
  • the block itself is first split into partial strands by the inlet chambers built into the mandrel part and then reconnected in the welding chamber of the die under high pressure and temperature.
  • JP-S57 130719 A which forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1, describes a bridge tool for a device for the direct extrusion of hollow profiles with variable wall thickness, comprising a die and a mandrel element with an axially movable inner sliding mandrel, wherein the end region of the sliding mandrel has different cross sections.
  • EN 10 02 18 81 A1 a device for extrusion, in which a mandrel is designed to be variable in the axial pressing direction and which has different cross-sections in its end region.
  • an annular gap with a different diameter is formed to form different profile cross-sections.
  • a mandrel according to EN 10 02 18 81 A1 is reduced.
  • Such a mandrel is subject to high thermo-mechanical stresses during use, which depend in particular on the pressing forces and forming temperatures that occur.
  • the long mandrel support arm in particular is exposed to changing tensile and bending forces, which can be superimposed by local thermal stresses.
  • the object of the present invention report is now to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, and in particular to provide a device for producing profiles with a variable profile cross-section with high precision, since only with such high precision can over-dimensioning of the profiles be effectively avoided , whereby the device is designed and set up to optimally withstand the thermomechanical stresses.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that hollow profiles with varying inner diameters can be produced if the mandrel is constructed in several parts, wherein a movable inner sliding mandrel with different cross sections is included at its end regions, the axial movement of which results in a change in the inner cross section of the hollow profile.
  • the inner displacement mandrel has the smallest cross section at its first end, so that an axial displacement of the inner displacement mandrel in the direction of the die or into the die leads to a smaller wall thickness of the hollow profile, since the shaping gap between inner displacement mandrel and die reduced.
  • the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by dividing the mandrel into at least two parts.
  • the inner sliding mandrel can be brought into operative connection with drive elements via short lever arms using connecting elements in order to enable axial displacement of the same, so that vibrations of the mandrel are minimized. It can also be provided that vibrations of the inner sliding mandrel can be almost completely prevented by special guide elements.
  • the inner displacement mandrel enables the creation of hollow profiles with varying cross-sections with high precision.
  • An axial displacement basically describes a displacement in the pressing direction or parallel to the pressing direction, a radial displacement a radial displacement relative to the pressing direction.
  • the mandrel element comprises at least one second axial recess which extends in the axial direction along the second end region of the inner displacement mandrel opposite the first end region of the inner displacement mandrel, wherein a transverse slide arranged perpendicular to the at least one mandrel element is included, which into which at least one second recess is inserted at least in sections, and wherein the cross slide is in operative connection with the inner displacement mandrel, in particular is firmly connected to the inner displacement mandrel.
  • Such a cross slide can be used to transmit a force from a drive device to the inner displacement mandrel, in which case the drive device can preferably be arranged outside the actual bridge tool, for example on the outer wall of the receiver or the holder of the bridge tool.
  • the cross slide can be brought into operative connection with at least one drive device directly or by means of at least one cross member, wherein the drive device is designed and configured to move the cross slide and the inner sliding mandrel in the axial direction.
  • a first cross member is arranged at a first radial end of the cross slide and a second cross member is arranged at a second radial end of the cross slide opposite the first radial end, wherein the first cross member can be or is operatively connected to a first drive device and/or the second cross member is operatively connected to a second drive device.
  • both cross beams can be connected or are connected to a single drive device.
  • first and/or the second drive device is designed in the form of a linear drive, in particular in the form of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • hydraulic cylinders in particular have proven to be particularly suitable for generating a linear force in order to enable an axial displacement of the inner displacement mandrel.
  • the inner sliding mandrel may also be advantageous for the inner sliding mandrel to have a trapezoidal or triangular cross-section in sections in the axial direction in the region of its first end.
  • the present invention is not limited to the trapezoidal or triangular cross-sections given as examples. Much more Their cross section is determined depending on the number of movable displacement elements.
  • the interior angle or pitch angle ⁇ of the trapezoidal or triangular cross-section has a value in the range from 5 to 25°, preferably from 8 to 15°, particularly preferably 10°.
  • the optimal angle can be adapted/selected according to the invention, even outside the preferred ranges, according to the drive or the available installation space to minimize the force requirement (small angle, long displacement path) or to minimize the installation space (large angle, short displacement path).
  • the further pitch angle of the side of the at least one wedge-shaped element facing the inner displacement mandrel is less than or equal to the pitch angle ⁇ of the cross section in the region of the first end in the axial direction of the inner displacement mandrel, so that an axial displacement of the inner Displacement mandrel is converted into a corresponding radial displacement of the at least one wedge-shaped element.
  • At least one wedge-shaped element can be used to change the inner cross section of a hollow profile, the radial displacement of which relative to the inner displacement mandrel directly influences the wall thickness of the hollow profile.
  • the inner cross section and the wall thickness of the hollow profile can be varied independently of the geometry of the inner sliding mandrel.
  • the wedge-shaped element can have different base areas and the acute angle of the wedge can be formed from two or more sides.
  • At least one second wedge-shaped element is arranged mirror-symmetrically to the first wedge-shaped element on the side of the inner sliding mandrel opposite the first wedge-shaped element.
  • the at least one wedge-shaped element is advantageously connected to the mandrel element by means of a first dovetail guide, wherein the at least one first dovetail guide enables a movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element exclusively in the radial direction, wherein the dovetail guide is formed in particular by the mandrel element and the at least one wedge-shaped element.
  • a first dovetail guide advantageously makes it possible for the at least one wedge-shaped element to be movable exclusively in the radial direction, but not in the axial direction. This leads in particular to the fact that an axial movement of the inner displacement mandrel with its cross section varying in the axial direction leads exclusively to a radial movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element. Furthermore, the tilting of the Wedge-shaped element is prevented and reproducibility of the implementation of the axial movement of the inner displacement mandrel in the radial movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element is ensured.
  • the inner displacement mandrel and the at least one wedge-shaped element are connected by means of a second dovetail guide designed in the axial direction, so that an axial movement of the inner displacement mandrel results in a radial movement of the at least a wedge-shaped element is transferred.
  • the second dovetail guide offers the particular advantage that a secure connection is provided between the inner sliding mandrel and the at least one wedge-shaped element. Furthermore, the second dovetail guide is particularly advantageous because it not only ensures that when the inner sliding mandrel moves towards or into the die, a radial movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element occurs outwards, but also that when the inner sliding mandrel moves in the opposite direction, tensile forces act on the at least one wedge-shaped element in order to reduce the radial spreading of the wedge-shaped element.
  • first recess of the mandrel element and the at least one inner displacement mandrel form a third dovetail guide in the axial direction, so that the inner displacement mandrel and the mandrel element are connected to one another by means of a dovetail guide.
  • the invention also provides a device for direct extrusion comprising a bridge tool according to the invention.
  • the invention provides a use of a bridge tool according to the invention for producing one or more extruded profiles with cross-sections that can be changed in the direction of extrusion in a device for direct extrusion.
  • the invention is therefore based on the surprising discovery that a change in the profile wall thickness during extrusion can be achieved while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art by axially displacing an inner sliding mandrel by means of a cross slide, which in turn is connected to linear drives by means of two opposing cross beams. If the cross slide is moved axially, the inner sliding mandrel is thus displaced in the axial extrusion direction.
  • the wedge-shaped elements that are operatively connected to the inner sliding mandrel convert this axial movement, preferably by means of a second dovetail guide, into a radial movement arranged perpendicular to the axial movement. This leads to a spreading of the wedge-shaped element or elements, and this wedge movement reduces the shaping gap between the wedge-shaped element and the die and consequently reduces the wall thickness of the hollow profile.
  • the linear drives are moved back to the starting position, i.e. against the extrusion direction. This movement also causes the cross members including the cross slide to be retracted. As a result of this backward movement of the inner displacement mandrel, this displacement is transmitted to the wedge-shaped element or elements via the optional second dovetail guide, so that they move radially in the direction of the inner displacement mandrel. This increases the shaping gap again.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a bridge tool according to the invention is shown.
  • This comprises a receiver 1, on the outside of which two linear drives 2 in the form of hydraulic cylinders are arranged.
  • Each of the linear drives 2 is connected to a cross member 3, which ends on two opposite sides of a cross slide 4 and is positively connected to it.
  • the gap between a mandrel element 5 and the die 6 defines the wall thickness of the hollow profiles to be produced.
  • the die 6 is attached to a pressure plate 7.
  • the mandrel element 5 also comprises wedge-shaped elements 8 and an inner sliding mandrel 9.
  • FIG 2 is the bridge tool according to Figure 1 shown in a sectional view. Together with the side view in section Figure 3 The operating principle of a bridge tool according to the invention is clearly visible.
  • the inner displacement mandrel 9 is arranged in a first recess 10, which extends in the axial direction and is followed by a second recess 11 for the cross slide 4.
  • a movement of the linear drives 2 leads to a displacement of the cross members 3 and the cross slide 4 and thus of the inner displacement mandrel 9 in the axial direction.
  • This axial displacement of the inner displacement mandrel 9 leads to a radial movement of the wedge-shaped elements 8 and thus to a change in the gap between the mandrel element 5 and the die 6. This change in the gap changes the cross section of the hollow profile to be produced.
  • first dovetail guides 13 for the wedge-shaped elements 8 and two second dovetail guides 14 are shown. These first dovetail guides 13 ensure that the wedge-shaped elements 8 can only move in the radial direction, while the second dovetail guides 14 make it possible for tensile forces to be transmitted from the inner sliding mandrel 9 to the wedge-shaped elements 8 in addition to compressive forces acting radially outward when the inner sliding mandrel 9 is moved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Outil de type pont pour un dispositif d'extrusion directe de profilés creux avec une épaisseur de paroi variable, comprenant une matrice (6) et au moins un élément de mandrin (5) avec une première extrémité tournée vers l'ouverture de matrice et une deuxième extrémité opposée, sachant que le contour profilé extérieur d'un profilé creux est défini par la géométrie de l'ouverture de matrice et la section transversale intérieure d'un profilé creux par au moins un élément de mandrin, sachant qu'
    au moins un élément de mandrin comporte au moins un évidement (10) dans lequel est disposé un mandrin d'avance intérieur (9) logé mobile en direction axiale, sachant que le mandrin d'avance intérieur comporte des sections transversales différentes dans sa première zone d'extrémité tournée vers la première extrémité de l'élément de mandrin, caractérisé en ce que
    le mandrin d'avance intérieur se trouve en liaison fonctionnelle sur ou dans le secteur de sa première zone d'extrémité avec au moins un élément en forme de coin (8), sachant qu'un déplacement axial du mandrin d'avance intérieur (9) conduit à une course radiale d'au moins un élément en forme de coin (8) et de ce fait à une modification de l'espacement entre l'élément de mandrin (5) et la matrice (6).
  2. Outil de type pont selon la revendication 1, sachant que l'angle d'inclinaison du côté tourné vers le mandrin d'avance intérieur d'au moins un élément en forme de coin est plus petit ou égal à l'angle d'inclinaison β de la section transversale dans le secteur de la première extrémité en direction axiale du mandrin d'avance intérieur.
  3. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de mandrin comprend au moins un deuxième évidement axial (11), qui s'étend en direction axiale le long de la deuxième zone d'extrémité opposée à la première zone d'extrémité du mandrin d'avance intérieur, sachant qu'un coulisseau transversal (4) disposé perpendiculairement à au moins un élément de mandrin est compris, qui est introduit au moins en partie dans au moins un deuxième évidement et sachant que le coulisseau transversal se trouve en liaison fonctionnelle avec le mandrin d'avance intérieur, est en particulier fermement relié au mandrin d'avance intérieur.
  4. Outil de type pont selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le coulisseau transversal peut être ou est placé en liaison fonctionnelle directement ou au moyen d'un support transversal (3) avec au moins un dispositif d'entraînement (2), sachant que le dispositif d'entraînement est conçu et agencé pour déplacer le coulisseau transversal et le mandrin d'avance intérieur en direction axiale.
  5. Outil de type pont selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier support transversal est disposé sur une première extrémité radiale du coulisseau transversal et un deuxième support transversal est disposé sur une deuxième extrémité radiale du coulisseau transversal opposée à la première extrémité radiale, sachant que le premier support transversal peut être placé ou est placé en liaison fonctionnelle avec un premier dispositif d'entraînement et/ou le deuxième support transversal peut être placé ou est placé en liaison fonctionnelle avec un deuxième dispositif d'entraînement.
  6. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le premier et/ou le deuxième dispositif d'entraînement est constitué sous la forme d'un entraînement linéaire, en particulier sous la forme d'un vérin hydraulique.
  7. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin d'avance intérieur comporte dans le secteur de sa première zone d'extrémité en direction axiale en partie une section transversale trapézoïdale ou triangulaire.
  8. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un deuxième élément en forme de coin est disposé en symétrie spéculaire par rapport au premier élément en forme de coin sur le premier côté du mandrin d'avance intérieur, opposé au premier élément en forme de coin.
  9. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément en forme de coin est relié au moyen d'un premier guidage en queue d'aronde (13) à l'élément de mandrin, sachant qu'au moins un guidage en queue d'aronde permet un mouvement d'au moins un élément en forme de coin exclusivement en direction radiale et sachant que le guidage en queue d'aronde est en particulier constitué par l'élément de mandrin et au moins par l'élément en forme de coin.
  10. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin d'avance intérieur et au moins un élément en forme de coin sont reliés au moyen d'un deuxième guidage en queue d'aronde (14) constitué en direction axiale de telle manière qu'une course axiale du mandrin d'avance intérieur est transformée en une course radiale d'au moins un élément en forme de coin.
  11. Outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier évidement de l'élément de mandrin et le mandrin d'avance intérieur constituent un troisième guidage en queue d'aronde en direction axiale de telle manière que le mandrin d'avance et l'élément de mandrin sont reliés entre eux au moyen d'un guidage en queue d'aronde.
  12. Dispositif d'extrusion directe comprenant un outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  13. Utilisation d'un outil de type pont selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 pour la fabrication d'un ou plusieurs profilés extrudés avec des sections transversales variables dans une direction de compression dans un dispositif d'extrusion directe.
EP18745490.5A 2017-06-28 2018-06-26 Outil de type pont servant à produire des profilés extrudés à section transversale variable Active EP3645183B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017114371.8A DE102017114371A1 (de) 2017-06-28 2017-06-28 Brückenwerkzeug zur erzeugung von strangpressprofilen mit variierendem querschnitt
PCT/DE2018/100586 WO2019001635A1 (fr) 2017-06-28 2018-06-26 Outil de type pont servant à produire des profilés extrudés à section transversale variable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3645183A1 EP3645183A1 (fr) 2020-05-06
EP3645183B1 true EP3645183B1 (fr) 2024-04-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18745490.5A Active EP3645183B1 (fr) 2017-06-28 2018-06-26 Outil de type pont servant à produire des profilés extrudés à section transversale variable

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20200147661A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3645183B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110891704B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017114371A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019001635A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113020309B (zh) * 2021-04-14 2023-01-20 烟台大学 一种挤压速率、挤压温度和挤压比可连续变化的梯度热挤压装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4053274A (en) * 1975-01-28 1977-10-11 Lemelson Jerome H Tube wall forming apparatus
US3997176A (en) * 1975-09-19 1976-12-14 Borg-Warner Corporation Expansible mandrel
JPS57130719A (en) * 1981-02-02 1982-08-13 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Hot extrusion forming method for inside stepped tube
JPH0531525A (ja) * 1991-07-26 1993-02-09 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金中空材の押出製造方法
JP3328409B2 (ja) * 1994-01-14 2002-09-24 新日本製鐵株式会社 可変断面押出用ダイスまたは中子
US5836197A (en) * 1996-12-16 1998-11-17 Mckee Machine Tool Corp. Integral machine tool assemblies
DE10021881A1 (de) 2000-05-05 2001-11-15 Honsel Profilprodukte Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Strangpreßprofilen
JP4386322B2 (ja) * 2001-01-31 2009-12-16 本田技研工業株式会社 異形断面を有する管材の押出成形方法および管材押出成形用ダイス
JP4285053B2 (ja) * 2003-04-11 2009-06-24 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高寸法精度管およびその製造方法
CN102500632B (zh) * 2011-09-30 2014-11-05 南京理工大学 利用劈尖原理实现管材高压切变的方法及其装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102017114371A1 (de) 2019-01-03
CN110891704A (zh) 2020-03-17
CN110891704B (zh) 2022-04-22
WO2019001635A1 (fr) 2019-01-03
EP3645183A1 (fr) 2020-05-06
US20200147661A1 (en) 2020-05-14

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