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EP3519147B1 - Minéralisation du bois et de matières cellulosiques - Google Patents

Minéralisation du bois et de matières cellulosiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3519147B1
EP3519147B1 EP17786839.5A EP17786839A EP3519147B1 EP 3519147 B1 EP3519147 B1 EP 3519147B1 EP 17786839 A EP17786839 A EP 17786839A EP 3519147 B1 EP3519147 B1 EP 3519147B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
impregnation
wooden material
drying
samples
Prior art date
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Application number
EP17786839.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3519147A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Volkmer
Frédéric PICHLIN
Raphael Stephan GYR
Patrick KAISER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Berner Fachhochschule Architektur Holz und Bau BFH AHB
Original Assignee
Berner Fachhochschule Architektur Holz und Bau BFH AHB
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0214—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0271—Vapour phase impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/18—Compounds of alkaline earth metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
    • B27K5/008—Supercritical or high pressure fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/30—Fireproofing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a mineralized wood.
  • the invention relates to mineralized wood and wooden material suitable for indoor and outdoor use and methods for making such materials.
  • Various attempts have been heretofore madeto protect wood, wooden material and other cellulosic material against fungi and to improve its fire resistance/reaction to fire. Many of the methods developed were either too costly to be economically feasible or not environmentally safe.
  • wood preservatives have to meet certain requirements. They have to be efficient against the target organism and the active agents need to be fixed and stabilized in the wood in order to avoid a leaching and evaporation.
  • the ecological impact needs to be as small as possible and its effect should not be a risk for the environment and humans.
  • the known products can be divided into three groups: i) water based salts, ii) solvent based formulations, and iii) creosotes.
  • water solved metal salts are not stable in wood and are therefore only used for indoor applications. Apart from some essential additives they consist of 80-100% of the active agent. They are easily washed out and already after one rain fall, the whole effect of the substance can be lost if the application was done by brushing or dipping.
  • the main substances are fluoride, silicate or borate.
  • the different salt formulations can further be differentiated by the solubility and penetration behavior.
  • chrome salt formulations For outdoor uses the above mentioned salt formulations need to be fixed with chrome. Within 4-6 weeks after the application chrome salts react with certain wood components. Thereby leaching can be significantly reduced.
  • the fixation of chrome salts in wood is based on the reduction of chrome (VI) to chrome (III). With chrome (III) the fluorine or copper salts react to insoluble chemical combinations and become very weather resistant. Parallel to the fixation of the salts the color of the wood changes as well from yellow-orange to olive-green.
  • the chrome functions mainly as fixing agent. Certain chrome compounds (chrome (VI), for example zinc chromate) are very toxic to animals and humans.
  • salt formulations provide additional protection against soft rot.
  • These salts can be used for impregnation of wood in very wet conditions and in soil contact.
  • the expected rates of leaching for copper-chrome combinations are about 5%.
  • Common water soluble metal salts are: Chrome-fluoride-salts, Chrome-fluoride-boron-salts, Chrome-copper-salts, Chrome-copper-boron salts and Chrome-copper-fluoride salts.
  • creosotes are restricted to special applications.
  • Railway sleepers represent the main field for impregnation with creosotes.
  • the efficiency of the creosotes depends on their composition. Products with high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic compounds with 4-6 rings show the best efficiency.
  • a coating of creosote treated wood is not possible. Depending on certain circumstances creosotes can migrate and pollute the surface. Creosote impregnated parts need to be treated as hazardous waste after their lifetime.
  • Solvent based preservative formulations are used for indoor and outdoor applications with no ground contact.
  • the common fields of application are usually class of utilization 1 - 3 (regarding EN 335, for example class 3 windows and doors).
  • the basic components are organic solvents, biocide active substances, binders and pigments. These products are mainly water stable and cannot be leached out but they do not show the necessary performance in earth contact.
  • the concentration of the active substances is normally between 0.5 - 5 % because they are highly efficient.
  • the active agents in solvent based preservatives belong to the same groups like the biocide agents in herbicides, but they differ in certain points significantly.
  • a treatment with these substances results in delayed ignition, reduced heat release rate and slower spread of flames. They act on different levels, most of the time combined: promotion of char formation at lower temperature than wood usually degrades, free-radicals trapping in the flame, dilution of combustible gases coming from wood with non-combustible gases, reduction of heat content of the volatile gases, or coating protection of the wood surface.
  • the most commonly used fire retardants for wood products are inorganic salts, of which some can absorb moisture promoting decay and destruction of metal joints. Because these salts are typically water soluble and easily leached out of wood, water-insoluble organic fire retardants have been developed, which are mainly based on amino resin systems polymerized after impregnation into wood.
  • fire retardants despite reducing the combustion potential of wood, can also unfavorably affect following properties of wood: mechanical strength, hygroscopicity, stability, toxicity, adhesive and mechanical properties, and receptivity to coatings. Moreover, they are used in relatively large doses, which impacts the cost of the structure. The smoke emissions, together with carbon monoxide increased concentration during fire might happen as well, as it is the case with the widely used monoammonium phosphate. Intumescent coatings are easier to apply and less costly but their susceptibility to cracks, abrasion and wear results in the loss of efficiency.
  • EP2937193A1 discloses a method for mineralising wood to improve its fire resitance comprising impregnating the wood with a first solution of a first metal salt, followed by impregnation with a second solution of a second salt.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for protecting wood and wooden material by mineralization. Due to the novel mineralization method, the water soluble reactants penetrate the material stepwise and water insoluble salts, preferably in crystalline form, are generated in situ within the cells themselves, in the cell walls, in the pits and in the middle lamellas.
  • a further purpose of this invention is to provide mineralized products, i.e. wood, wooden material, in such a way as to allow their intended functions while also providing one or more of the following properties or functions: i) protection against fungi, ii) improving their biological resistance, iii) improving moisture and weather resistance, iv) reducing flammability, v) improved fire resistance.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide an improved method for mineralization of wood and wooden material, for example materials containing wood, such as windows, tables and doors, the method comprising: i) a first impregnation step, comprising a first impregnation of wood or wooden material with an aqueous solution of potassium oxalate, ii) a first drying step, comprising drying of the of wood or wooden material iii) a second impregnation step, comprising a second impregnation of wood or wooden material with an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and iv) a second drying step, comprising drying of the wood or wooden material.
  • the concentration of potassium oxalate dissolved in the solution is 100% of their saturation concentration.
  • the concentration of calcium chloride dissolved in the solution may be 100% of its saturation concentration.
  • the first and/or the second impregnation comprises a phase of overpressure during which the pressure is selected in the range of 5 - 10x10 5 Pa (5-10 bar) and the temperature in the range of 15 to 50°C.
  • the duration of the phase of overpressure in the first and/or the second impregnation step is ⁇ 1 hour, typically 1-24 h, preferably 4-8 h .
  • the first and/or the second impregnation is preceded by a vacuum phase, during which the wood or wooden material is exposed to underpressure, preferably for 30 minutes at 40 to 60 °C and preferably to an underpressure of 1 - 3x10 4 Pa (100-300 mbar).
  • the wood or wooden material is dried above the fiber saturation level of 28-35%, preferably 30% in the first drying step.
  • a fiber saturation level of 100% is the point in the drying process at which only water bound in the cell walls remains and all other water having been removed from the cell cavities.
  • the first drying step comprises preferably a vacuum phase, during which the wood or wooden material is exposed to underpressure, preferably for 30 minutes at 40 to 60 °C and preferably at an underpressure of 1 - 3x10 4 Pa (100-300 mbar).
  • the wood or wooden material is dried to a wood moisture, preferably a wood moisture of 12 to 16% in the second drying step.
  • the wood moisture is calculated by the formula (m s -m d )/m d *100, wherein m s is the mass of the sample and m d is the mass of the sample after drying in an oven at 103 °C until mass constancy.
  • Wood or wooden material which is mineralized in a method according to the present invention is characterized in that calcium oxalate of low or no solubility in water is deposited in the wood or wooden material, preferably in crystalline form.
  • the untreated wood or wooden material gains 40 - 50 %, by mineralization with calcium oxalate.
  • the mineralization with calcium oxalate is based on two impregnation steps.
  • the material is impregnated in an aqueous solution with potassium oxalate C 2 O 4 K 2 .
  • the material is dried and then impregnated with calcium chloride CaCl 2 (cation).
  • the potassium oxalate already present as anion in the material to be mineralized and the calcium chloride form calcium oxalate ⁇ C 2 O 4 Ca ⁇ solid , preferably in crystalline form, which is practically not soluble in water, and KCl.
  • the molar ratio between both reactive compounds is 1:1.
  • a solution of equimolar content is prepared.
  • the molecular weight of C 2 O 4 K 2 ⁇ H 2 O is 184.23 g/mol, the water solubility 38.7 g/100g H 2 O.
  • the molecular weight of CaCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O is 219.08 g/mol, the water solubility 81.3 g/100g H 2 O.
  • 387 g potassium oxalate is dissolved per 1L H 2 O and 460 g calcium chloride per 1L H 2 O.
  • Calcium chloride is an ionic halide in solid state at room temperature.
  • CaCl 2 is a hygroscopic compound and forms solutions in water dissociating in calcium and chloride ions. It can be commercially found in pure state, but more commonly as hydrated compound for example as mentioned above as CaCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O, or as CaCl 2 ⁇ 4H 2 O, CaCl 2 ⁇ 2H 2 O or CaCl 2 ⁇ H 2 O. Properties will evidently depend on its hydration degree. For the tests performed CaCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O was employed.
  • Potassium oxalate is a salt of oxalic acid. Its appearance is that of transparent and colorless crystals. In aqueous solutions it can dissociate to form oxalate and potassium ions. Oxalate ions can be combined with calcium, magnesium, and iron ions to form less water-soluble or insoluble salts. Potassium oxalate is commercially available as anhydrous and monohydrate salt. In the current experiments, the monohydrate (C 2 O 4 K 2 ⁇ H 2 O) was used. Once the oxalate anion has reacted with the cation from the calcium chloride solution it forms an insoluble salt (C 2 O 4 Ca) that is retained in wood, providing the protection effect.
  • Wood Wood, wooden material.
  • Two wood species commonly used in construction are beech (Fagus sylvatica) and pine (Pinus sylvestris). They are representative species of European hardwood and softwood and grow in important volume in Switzerland and other central European countries. Furthermore, they are listed as suggested species in the norm EN 113, for biological tests of impregnated wood. These two wood species were used in the experiments described below.
  • Beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a hardwood belonging to the division of angiosperms. As it is characteristic for hardwoods, beech is composed by vessel elements, fibers (tracheids), parenchyma and ray cells. Vessels are arranged in a non-specific pattern, resulting in a semi-porous to diffuse porous distribution. Growth ring limits are demarked by dark colored late wood. Density varies from 0.48 - 0.68 - 0.88 g/cm 3 .
  • Pine (Pinus sylvestris) is a softwood belonging to the division of conifers. Pine is mainly composed by tracheids, as is characteristic for softwoods and has well differentiated thick walls in late wood and thin walls in early wood. Density varies from 0.3 - 0.49 - 0.86 g/cm 3 (in the early zone).
  • wood preferably used in the method according to the invention are: silver fir, maple, cotton wood and alder.
  • Wood which fulfils the requirements for wood according to the norm EN 113 is preferably used and mineralized in the method according to the present invention.
  • the main requirements of the norm EN 113 are:
  • the biological tests were done on the basis of the European Standard EN 113 (European Standard, 1996) with some modifications in order to allow accelerated tests. Two series of biological tests have been carried out in order to evaluate the resistance of the mineralized woods, wooden materials and other cellulosic materials against fungi and biological degradation.
  • Fungi used in the tests were Coniophora tenuna, Coriolus versicolore and Poria placenta.
  • samples were prepared in several different ways. For each mineralization type, samples were boiled or simply humidified on the surface. With this approach it was possible to estimate stability against leaching. The cutting was done with a sliding microtome and single use knifes. To understand the changes due to the impregnation procedure and due to the degradation by fungi, reference samples were prepared as well.
  • the weight loss percentages of mineralized samples was determined after attack with different fungi according to EN 113 and before leaching.
  • the fire tests were performed according to EN ISO 11925-2.
  • the samples are placed vertically into the holding device and the burner is installed in front of the sample tilted 45°.
  • the distance of the burner from the unprotected edge of the sample is 16mm.
  • the flame has a length of 20mm.
  • the following paragraph describes the process steps of mineralization at an industrial level for facade claddings according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the procedure can be applied for the mineralization with calcium oxalate and calcium methyl siliconate, the latter not forming part of the invention.
  • the following paragraph describes the process steps of mineralization at an industrial level for facade claddings not according to the invention.
  • the procedure can be applied for the mineralization with polymethyl silicic acid.
  • the industrial application of the mineralization will be done in one autoclave with a system to monitor the vacuum-pressure cycle.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de minéralisation de bois et de matériau en bois comprenant :
    i) une première étape d'imprégnation, comprenant une première imprégnation de bois ou de matériau en bois avec une solution aqueuse d'oxalate de potassium,
    ii) une première étape de séchage, comprenant le séchage du bois ou du matériau en bois,
    iii) une deuxième étape d'imprégnation, comprenant une deuxième imprégnation de bois ou de matériau en bois avec une solution aqueuse de chlorure de calcium,
    iv) une deuxième étape de séchage, comprenant le séchage du bois ou du matériau en bois.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la concentration d'oxalate de potassium dissous dans la solution est 100 % de sa concentration de saturation.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la concentration de chlorure de calcium dissous dans la solution est 100 % de sa concentration de saturation.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première et/ou la deuxième imprégnation comprend une phase de surpression pendant laquelle la pression est sélectionnée dans la plage de 5 à 10 × 105 Pa (5 à 10 bar) et la température dans la plage de 15 à 50 °C.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la durée de la phase de surpression dans la première et/ou la deuxième étape d'imprégnation est ≥ 1 heure.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première et/ou la deuxième imprégnation est précédée par une phase sous vide, pendant laquelle le bois ou le matériau en bois est exposé à une sous-pression, de préférence de 1 à 3 × 104 Pa (100 à 300 mbar) et de préférence pendant 30 min à 40 à 60 °C.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bois ou le matériau en bois est séché au niveau de saturation des fibres de 28 à 35 %, de préférence 30 %, dans la première étape de séchage, dans lequel un niveau de saturation des fibres de 100 % représente le point de saturation des fibres, le point dans le processus de séchage auquel seule l'eau liée dans les parois cellulaires est présente et toute autre eau ayant été éliminée des cavités cellulaires.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première étape de séchage comprend une phase sous vide, pendant laquelle le bois ou le matériau en bois est exposé à une sous-pression, de préférence pendant 30 minutes et à 40 à 60 °C, et de préférence à une sous-pression de 1 à 3 × 104 Pa (100 à 300 mbar) .
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bois ou le matériau en bois est séché à une humidité de bois, de préférence une humidité de bois de 12 à 16 % dans la deuxième étape de séchage.
EP17786839.5A 2016-10-03 2017-09-29 Minéralisation du bois et de matières cellulosiques Active EP3519147B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH13072016 2016-10-03
PCT/EP2017/074899 WO2018065335A2 (fr) 2016-10-03 2017-09-29 Minéralisation du bois et de matières cellulosiques

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EP3519147A2 EP3519147A2 (fr) 2019-08-07
EP3519147B1 true EP3519147B1 (fr) 2021-10-27

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WO (1) WO2018065335A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900011652A1 (it) 2019-07-12 2021-01-12 Eng Consulting Promotion Sagl Processo per la mineralizzazione di legno e legno mineralizzato così ottenuto
BE1028001B1 (fr) * 2020-01-20 2021-08-16 Centre Dimpregnation Des Bois De Belgique Procede de traitement preventif de bois
EP3900902B1 (fr) * 2020-04-23 2024-04-17 Imprägnierwerk AG Willisau Minéralisation du bois ou de matériau en bois à l'aide d'acétate de calcium

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191306179A (en) * 1913-03-12 1913-10-23 Louis Dautreppe Improved Process and Apparatus for Impregnating Wood.
US20020094937A1 (en) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-18 Pierre Hirsbrunner Composition intended for the protection of a solid substrate and its use

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