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EP3570992B1 - Moule de coulée pour couler des pièces coulées façonnées complexes et utilisation d'un tel moule de coulée - Google Patents

Moule de coulée pour couler des pièces coulées façonnées complexes et utilisation d'un tel moule de coulée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3570992B1
EP3570992B1 EP18709763.9A EP18709763A EP3570992B1 EP 3570992 B1 EP3570992 B1 EP 3570992B1 EP 18709763 A EP18709763 A EP 18709763A EP 3570992 B1 EP3570992 B1 EP 3570992B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
directed
branch
feeder
runner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP18709763.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3570992A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerald KLAUS
Dirk Schnubel
Carmen Schäfer
Christoph Tomczok
Tim Schneider
Steffen Spieß
Paulo Rossi
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Nemak SAB de CV
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Nemak SAB de CV
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Priority to PL18709763T priority Critical patent/PL3570992T3/pl
Publication of EP3570992A1 publication Critical patent/EP3570992A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/086—Filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a casting mold for casting complex-shaped, large-volume cast parts from a metal melt.
  • Such casting molds usually have a mold cavity that reproduces the cast part and a feed system for feeding the molten metal to be poured into the cast part into the mold cavity.
  • the feed system comprises a sprue, a pouring runner connected to the pouring runner and a feeder system which is connected to the pouring runner, the cavity of the casting mold being connected to the feeder system or the pouring runner via connections
  • the invention also relates to a practical use of such a casting mold.
  • the feeder system serves on the one hand to control the solidification direction of the poured melt, which is optimally directed towards the feeder.
  • the melt volume stored in the feeder system compensates for the reduction in the specific volume of the melt poured during the liquid / solid phase transition.
  • the feeder system represents an additional melt reservoir from which melt can flow into the cast part while it is cooling.
  • Such light metal alloys include, for example, hardenable AlCu alloys.
  • a casting mold for casting a cylinder crankcase for an internal combustion engine in which two separate filling funnels are provided, via which the melt is poured into the casting mold.
  • the melt flows from the filling funnels via a pouring runner into the mold cavity delimited by the casting mold.
  • the runners are guided through a crankcase block core.
  • Runners branch off casting channels that lead to the lower casting contours of the casting mold.
  • the pouring channels are each aligned so that their mouths lie on a horizontal plane.
  • a low-pressure permanent mold casting process for casting metal cast parts is known from US Pat DE 39 24 742 A1 known.
  • the complexity of the cast parts to be cast with this method results from the fact that they have thinner walls in at least one area than in another area.
  • liquid metal is pressed from a melting container through a riser pipe into the mold by means of gas pressure.
  • the mold is arranged in such a way that the thicker walls of the cast part are located on top and thus far from the sprue, via which the metal reaches the cavity of the casting mold that depicts the component.
  • the liquid metal at or near the area of the mold that is located at the bottom near the gate is directed into the sections that form the thinner wall of the casting mold.
  • the liquid metal can be fed via a bottom run at several sprue points to the area of the mold that is near the bottom of the sprue and introduced into the sections of the mold cavity that form the thinner wall of the casting.
  • a method for casting cast parts in which a metal melt is poured via a feeder or separate pouring runners or pouring channels into a mold cavity that is delimited by a casting mold and depicting the cast part.
  • the casting mold includes molded parts that determine the shape of the casting to be cast.
  • the melt is passed through at least two connections, at least one of which is designed as an additional channel leading through one of the molded parts and independent of the contour of the cast part to be cast, into at least two sections of the mold cavity that are assigned to different levels of the cast part to be cast .
  • Documents EP2352608B1 , DE4103802A1 and CN205008543U are further examples of known casting molds in the technical field.
  • casting molds that are completely or partially designed as core packages are particularly suitable.
  • the casting mold is composed of a large number of cores that determine the inner and outer contour of the cast part to be produced.
  • the casting cores are usually made of a molding material or an easily destructible material as so-called "lost cores" which are destroyed when the casting is removed from the mold.
  • lost cores mixed forms of core packages are also known in which, for example, the molded parts that determine the outer contour are designed as reusable permanent molded parts, while the recesses, cavities, channels, lines, etc. to be depicted on the inside in the cast part are depicted by lost cores.
  • Core package casting molds of the type explained above are mainly used in gravity casting processes or in low-pressure casting processes, whereby these processes can also include a rotation of the casting mold after it has been filled with the melt in order to optimize the solidification process and, consequently, an optimal structure of the cast part achieve.
  • the object of the invention was to create a casting mold that reliably allows highly complex-shaped cast parts to be produced from alloys that are difficult to use conventionally and are uncertain in terms of the quality of the casting result let shed.
  • the invention has achieved this object in that such a casting mold is designed according to claim 1.
  • a casting mold designed according to the invention is particularly suitable for use when casting a cylinder crankcase for an internal combustion engine from a light metal melt, in particular an AlCu melt.
  • a casting mold according to the invention for casting complex-shaped, large-volume cast parts from a metal melt has a mold cavity which depicts the cast part and a feed system for feeding the metal melt to be cast into the cast part into the mold cavity, the feed system having a sprue, a pouring runner connected to the sprue and comprises a feeder system which is connected to the runner, the mold cavity being connected to the feeder system or the runner via connections.
  • the sprue with a branch facing away from the sprue along the feeder system and with a branch directed backwards, which connects to the branch facing away, along in the opposite direction to the branch directed away of the feeder system, wherein the feeder system is connected to both the branch directed away and with the branch directed back via two or more gates distributed along the respective branch.
  • a casting mold according to the invention With the design of a casting mold according to the invention, it is possible to equalize the temperature of the melt provided in the feeder system and guided into the casting mold cavity so that an equally uniform temperature distribution is established in the cast part. This Even in the case of metal melts that are difficult to cast, in particular for light metal melts that are difficult to cast, such as AlCu melts, after the casting mold has been filled, this leads to a uniform solidification process, during which an equally uniform replenishment from the feeder system is ensured. Local temperature differences and the associated non-uniform solidification in the various planes of the cast part, which entails the risk of cavity formation, are avoided in this way. Instead, a solidification front is reliably formed in the melt filled into a casting mold according to the invention, which, starting from the point furthest away from the feeder system, progresses continuously in the direction of the feeder system.
  • the homogenization of the temperature of the melt flow fed to the casting mold cavity is achieved according to the invention in that the melt flow fed via the sprue is first guided along the feeder system in a "directed branch" leading away from the sprue, already through the gates provided along the directed branch into the feeder system runs and is then guided again in the direction of the sprue in a "backward-directed branch” running opposite to the branch directed away from the sprue.
  • a directed branch leading away from the sprue
  • the differently tempered melt streams mix and a mixing temperature is established in the melt contained in this area which, with appropriate coordination of the melt volume flows entering the area concerned, for example corresponds to the mean temperature of the maximum hot and maximum cooled melt streams flowing into this area.
  • melt that entered the feeder system through the last cut of the turned away branch provided in the direction of flow at the end of the branch pointing away and cooled down via the path along the feeder system and the melt that enters the feeder system through the first cut of the backwards directed branch and if only slightly cooled over a comparatively short distance between the last cut of the branch directed away and the first cut of the branch directed back, there is only a correspondingly small temperature difference. Since these melt streams with comparably slightly different temperatures are also fed to the same area of the feeder system, there is also a mixed temperature there.
  • a suitable setting of the gates in the Melt volume flows entering the feeder system can be set so that the mixing temperature that is established in the relevant area is equal to the mixing temperature that is established by mixing the maximum hot and maximum cooled melt in the area of the feeder system next to the pouring.
  • melt streams which are passed into the feeder system via those optionally available further gates, which run along the away and the backward branch of the runner between the - seen in the flow direction of the melt - at the end and at the beginning of the away and of the backward branch are provided.
  • the design of the runner provided in a casting mold according to the invention and its special connection to the feeder system result in a homogeneous temperature distribution over the entire volume of the feeder system.
  • the melt reaching the casting mold cavity via the feeder system also has a uniform temperature distribution, which means that even with a filigree shape of the design elements to be reproduced on the cast part, such as thin walls and fine webs or ribs, not only an optimal mold filling, but an equally uniform one Solidification of the melt is achieved.
  • the mixing temperature established in the feeder system can be adjusted by coordinating the melt volume flows entering the individual areas of the feeder system via the gates provided there can be set.
  • the position on the respective branch of the pouring runner, the number or the geometry, in particular the diameter, of the gates can be adapted so that the desired volume of the total melt contained in the feeder system results from the proportions of the melt streams reaching the feeder system at different temperatures Mixing temperature in the feeder system results.
  • the arrangement of the gates assigned to the away and backward branches can directly influence the mixing of the gates into the feeder system and the associated equalization of the temperature of the melt contained in the feeder system.
  • the inventive design of a casting mold proves to be advantageous for all casting tasks in which a particularly homogeneous temperature distribution in the melt to be cast and a uniform supply of the melt into the casting mold cavity depicting the casting are important for casting success.
  • the invention can be used for cast parts with an elongated, block-like basic shape, such as engine blocks, as well as for cast parts that have a cylindrical basic shape characterized by an ellipsoidal or circular cross-section.
  • one of the gates, via which the backward branch is connected to the feeder system is arranged opposite each gate via which the branch of the pouring runner facing away is connected to the feeder system .
  • This is particularly favorable in the case of a feeder system whose length is significantly greater than its width, that is to say for example a feeder system that has a rectangular basic shape in plan view.
  • the size of the gates assigned to the branch directed away is the same as the size of the gates assigned to the backward branch, i.e. if the gates are dimensioned in such a way that the same volume flows into the feeder system via the gates of the branches of the pouring runner assigned to one another reach.
  • the feeder system is connected to the casting mold cavity or the melt volume required for replenishing the casting mold cavity during the solidification of the melt in the feeder system.
  • the feeder chamber then serves as a mixing area for the melt reaching it via the outward and backward branch and thus contributes to the homogenization of the melt reaching the casting mold cavity.
  • a feed chamber can take on a feed function in the sense of replenishing melt into the cavity of the casting mold.
  • the intermixing and the associated equalization of the temperature distribution of the melt contained in the feeder system is to be further optimized, it can be useful to provide two or more feeder chambers in the feeder system, each of which has at least one gate with both the branch pointing away and the backward branch of the pouring runner is connected.
  • the individual chambers each contain only a partial volume of the total melt volume required for replenishing the casting mold cavity.
  • the correspondingly smaller volume of the individual feeder chambers results in a particularly intensive mixing of the melt streams of different temperatures entering them via the branches of the pouring runner. In this way, it can be ensured with comparably little effort that the melt volumes present in the respective melt chamber have the desired mixing temperature overall, and that local temperature differences are avoided. It proves to be particularly favorable in this respect if the volumes enclosed by the feeder chambers are the same.
  • the feeder chambers can be connected to one another via additionally provided gates directly connecting the feeder chambers. Via these additional gates, the melt volumes contained in the feeder chambers are exchanged and, as a result, the possibly different temperatures of the melt portions contained in the chambers are balanced.
  • a variant of the invention which is particularly suitable for casting cylinder crankcases for internal combustion engines with cylinder openings arranged in a row is characterized in that the feeder system comprises at least one, in particular at least two feed chambers arranged side by side, and either the branch facing away is arranged in the space between the feed chambers and along the side of each of the feeder chambers that is on the outer side of the intermediate space is in each case a back-directed branch branching off from the branch directed away or the
  • the branch facing away is divided into two branches facing away, one of which runs along the outer side of the supply chambers in relation to the space between the feeder chambers, whereas at least one branch that is connected to the branches facing away runs in the space between the feeder chambers.
  • the even distribution of the melt to the feeder chambers can be supported by the fact that the pouring runner is branched into two outgoing branches immediately following the sprue, to each of which a returning branch is connected.
  • Another embodiment of the invention that is particularly important for practice consists in the fact that the connection leading from the feeder system or from the pouring runner to the casting mold cavity is guided exclusively outside the volume of the casting mold occupied by the casting mold cavity. Since in a casting mold according to the invention the melt is conducted into the casting mold cavity exclusively via connections which are formed on the outside in the area of the walls of the casting mold bounding the casting mold cavity, the uniformity of the Temperature distribution of the melt flowing into the mold cavity during casting and the uniformity of the mold filling optimized.
  • melt is also conducted into the mold cavity via internal cores heated by the melt flowing into the casting mold cavity, which form recesses, cavities, channels and the like in the casting. Due to the heating of the internal cores, the melt flowing through them would cool down less than the melt fed in via the external connections. Since the melt is only fed into the mold cavity via external connections, this ensures that the melt cools evenly on its way from the feeder system or from the pouring runner into the mold cavity and thus enters the mold cavity at a uniform temperature.
  • the inflow openings of the connections assigned to the feeder system are arranged together in one plane.
  • the melt is in each case discharged from the feeder system at the same level at which there is a uniform temperature of the melt contained in the possibly several chambers. This also contributes to the fact that the melt entering the casting mold cavity has a uniform temperature in the technical sense.
  • the casting mold according to the invention is suitable for gravity casting processes or low-pressure casting processes.
  • casting molds according to the invention can be used to produce cast parts in tilt casting or rotation casting processes, in which the casting mold according to or is moved during the filling from a filling position into a solidification position.
  • a comprehensive explanation of these procedures can be found in EP 2 352 608 B1 and the prior art cited therein.
  • the casting mold according to the invention can be composed as a core package from a large number of cores, of which certain cores represent the outer shape and other cores in the cast part to be made recesses, cavities, channels and the like depict.
  • the cores of the core package can be designed as lost cores that are destroyed when the casting is removed from the mold, or some of the cores can be designed as permanent molded parts that can be used repeatedly.
  • connection of the feeder system to the casting mold cavity is implemented exclusively via connections that are outside the casting mold cavity
  • a cylinder crankcase can thus be represented in the core package process with a feed system in which the melt is divided into two pouring runner branches, so that the feeder system connected to it, ideally comprising pot-like feeder chambers, for homogenizing the temperature distribution in the feeder system and subsequently in the component represented by the casting mold serves.
  • the feeder system in the In the casting operation, the feeder system is filled with melt at different temperatures through its two or more gates on the branches of the runner.
  • the melt in the feeder system is mixed in such a way that overall a homogeneous temperature distribution results in the feeder system.
  • the correspondingly homogeneously tempered melt is fed to the casting mold cavity depicting the cast part.
  • the casting process made possible by the design according to the invention allows it, in particular in combination with the optionally exclusively external supply of the casting mold cavity and the associated avoidance of "internal" supply paths, light metal melts that are difficult to cast, such as Al-Cu-based alloys, despite their generally poor filling and pouring power free from macroscopic defects.
  • the feeder and external connections that are present on the cast part after it has been demolded can easily be made weight-neutral using common processing methods, such as e.g. Drill to be removed.
  • Mass accumulations on the cast part which in the prior art are intended to avoid premature local solidification of the melt, but do not serve any other technical purpose, can be avoided in a casting mold according to the invention, as can complex channel guides when connecting the feeder system to the casting mold cavity in order to avoid the appearance of freezing .
  • chill molds can of course also be arranged in the region of the casting mold cavity in order to bring about locally accelerated solidification there in a manner known per se for the purpose of forming a locally particularly pronounced structure.
  • these chill molds do not hinder the casting operation either the uniform filling process ensured by the design according to the invention.
  • Mold 1 shown is used to cast the in the Figures 2 - 4 cylinder crankcase Z shown, often also called cylinder blocks, for an internal combustion engine made of an AlCu alloy.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic section transverse to the longitudinal extension of the cylinder crankcase Z.
  • the casting mold 1 designed as a core package comprises two outer shells 2, 3 designed as permanent mold parts, between which a larger number of lost casting cores 4 formed from molding sand are arranged.
  • the outer shells 2, 3 and the casting cores 4 delimit a casting mold cavity 5, which depicts the cylinder crankcase Z to be cast with its four cylinder openings Z ⁇ , which are arranged in series here, and the design features usually provided in such cylinder crankcases for internal combustion engines.
  • the casting cores 4 define an in Fig. 1 not visible, perpendicular to the in Fig. 1 the upper side 6 of the casting mold 1 leading downwards, a pouring runner 7 connected to the pouring sprue, a feeder system 8 connected to the pouring runner 7 and the casting mold cavity 5 and connections 9a provided for connecting the casting mold cavity 5 to the casting runner 7 or the feeder system 8, 9b.
  • the mold 1 is in Fig. 1 shown in the position shown for filling with melt, in which the opening of the sprue points upwards and the feeder system 8 is arranged on the underside of the casting mold 1.
  • the casting mold 1 is closed in a manner known per se and rotated in an equally known manner about a pivot axis parallel to the longitudinal extension of the casting mold 1, for example 180 °, until the feeder system 8 is arranged at the top. In this way, a uniform solidification of the melt filled into the casting mold 1 running in the direction of the feeder system 8 is promoted.
  • the feeder system 8 accordingly comprises two rows arranged next to one another and extending in the longitudinal direction L of the cylinder crankcase Z, each with five pot-like feed chambers 11, 12.
  • Feed chambers 11, 12 of each row arranged adjacent to one another are connected to one another by gates 13, 14.
  • the rows of feed chambers 11, 12 delimit an intermediate space 15 between them.
  • the feed chambers 11, 12 are arranged above the cover surface ZD of the cylinder crankcase Z, which is provided for mounting a cylinder head (not shown here), and have identical shapes and volumes.
  • the bottoms of the feed chambers 11, 12 are arranged together in a horizontal plane H1 which is aligned parallel to the top surface ZD of the cylinder crankcase Z.
  • the pouring runner 7 is also arranged in a horizontal plane H2 which is aligned parallel to the top surface ZD and in which the upper side of the feeder chambers 11, 12 also ends.
  • the pouring runner 7 is divided into two branches 18, 19 starting from the head 17 of the crankcase Z when the cylinder crankcase Z is demolded as a pouring rod tapering slightly conically in the direction of the pouring runner 7, which can be seen from the flow direction S of the melt poured into the casting mold 1 during the pouring operation Sprue 10 are directed away.
  • mirror-symmetrically shaped branches 18, 19 directed away from the sprue 10 initially each extend transversely to the longitudinal axis L from the sprue head 17, in order to then merge in a curve and via a filter F into a section which is at a small distance along the gap 15 facing away from the outer side of the respective row of feeder chambers 11,12.
  • branches 18, 19 facing away merge in a further curve into a section oriented towards the other branch 19, 18 facing away and extending over the width of the respective row of feeder chambers 11.12 extends.
  • the branches 18, 19 of the pouring runner 7 directed away from the runner open together in a branch 20 of the pouring runner directed back towards the pouring head 17.
  • This backward branch 20 of the pouring runner 7 has a cross-sectional area which corresponds at least approximately to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the branches 18, 19 directed away. In this way, the branch 20 that is directed back can safely absorb the melt volumes flowing into it via the branches 18, 19 directed away.
  • the backward branch 20 is arranged in the intermediate space 15 centrally between the rows of feed chambers 11, 12 and, viewed in the direction of flow S, runs opposite to that of the sprue 10 branches 18, 19 directed away towards the sprue 10.
  • the branch 20 directed back ends in front of the pouring head 17, so that in the casting operation melt reaches the branch 20 directed back exclusively via the branches 18, 19 directed away.
  • Each of the feed chambers 11, which are evenly spaced along the longitudinal axis L, is connected to the branch 18 facing away via a respective cut 21, and each of the feed chambers 12, which are also equally spaced in the longitudinal direction L, is connected to the branch 19 directed away via a cut 22.
  • each of the feeder chambers 11 is connected to the branch 20 directed back via a respective cut 23 and each of the feeder chambers 12 via a respective cut 24.
  • the gates 21-24 are also distributed at equal intervals along the longitudinal axis L, the gates 21, 22; respectively assigned to each feeder chamber 11, 12; 23,24 are positioned opposite one another and in the middle with respect to the respective wall of the feeder chambers 11,12.
  • the casting mold cavity 5 is connected directly to the runner 7 (connection 9a) or the feeder chambers 11, 12 (connections 9b) via connections 9a, 9b.
  • the connections 9a, 9b are each formed exclusively outside the mold cavity 5, so that no melt reaches the mold cavity 5 via casting cores 4 placed in the mold cavity 5.
  • the melt has one level, consequently part of the melt also reaches the mold cavity 5 via the feeder chambers 11, 12.
  • the solidification in the component then takes place very quickly over the thin walls and the feed only takes place via the locally large volumes in close proximity to the supply requirement.
  • connections 9b connected to the feeder chambers 11, 12 are arranged on a common horizontal plane H3, so that in each case the melt of the same temperature from the feeder chambers 11, 12 into those connected to them Connections 9b reached.
  • the supply of the melt to the mold cavity 5, on the other hand, can extend over a height range or be distributed over several levels.
  • melt can be supplied in a targeted manner through a separate connection 9b in order to feed the respective problem area directly.
  • the casting mold 31 shown is also provided for casting a cylinder block for an internal combustion engine.
  • the casting mold 31 comprises a cover core 32, an outer core 33 carrying the cover core 32, a further outer core 34 carrying the outer core 33, two outer shell cores 35, 36 which form the outer end of the casting mold 31 in the region of the mold cavity of the casting mold 31 and on which the outer cores 33,34 and the cover core 32 are supported, a contouring core 37 which depicts the contour of the interior of the cast part, which forms the lower end of the casting mold and on which the shell cores 35,36 are supported, as well as laterally within the shell cores 35,36 Cores 38,39 arranged in a limited space, which determine the outer contour of the casting.
  • a feeder pot 43, 44 is formed in the cover core 32 and the outer cores 33, 34 in the space between the branch 40, 41 facing away from the outside and the branch 42 facing back.
  • the feeder pots 43, 44 accordingly sit directly on the top surface of the cast part (eg sealing surface to the oil pan or to the cylinder head).
  • the feeder pots 43,44 thus feed all areas which are arranged in direct local proximity to them such as the cylinder head screw pipes.
  • the branches 40, 41 facing away are connected to the respective associated feeder pot 43,44 via connections that are arranged close to the outer core 33, whereas the branch 42 directed back is connected via connections to the feeder pots 43, 44, which point towards the top of the Cover core 32 are offset.
  • the external feeder volumes 45, 46 are filled via the assigned inlet 47, 48, which is always connected to one of the feeder pots 43, 44.
  • the external feeder volumes 45, 46 feed everything in their immediate vicinity, e.g. Mass accumulation through functional integration.
  • the casting mold 31 For filling with melt, the casting mold 31 is rotated, for example, by 180 ° transversely to the longitudinal extension of the cylinder crankcase ZK to be cast, so that the cover core 32 with the branches 40, 41 facing away and the branch 42 facing back is on the underside. Hot melt M is passed through the sprue into the branches 40, 41 facing away. From the branches 40, 41 facing away, the melt M, which has cooled down on the way through the branches 40, 41 facing away, reaches the branch 42 facing backwards and into the feeder pots 43, 44 ( Fig. 6 ).
  • hot melt M With increasing filling of the branches 40, 41 directed away, hot melt M also reaches the corresponding connections from the branches 40, 41 facing away into the feeder pots 43, 44 so that hot melt M and cooled melt M mix in feeder pots 43, 44 and melt M is present in feeder pots 43, 44, which has a homogeneously distributed mixing temperature ( Fig. 7 ).
  • the correspondingly tempered melt M rises via the inlets 47, 48, on the one hand, into the external feeder volumes 45, 46 and, on the other hand, over the gates, via which the feeder pots 43, 44 are connected directly to the casting mold cavity depicting the casting, into the casting mold cavity ( Fig. 8 ).
  • the casting mold 31 After completely filling ( Fig. 9 ) the casting mold 31 is closed in a manner known per se and rotated transversely to its longitudinal extension by 180 ° into the solidification position ( Fig. 10 ).
  • the melt is thus filled into the casting mold via at least one sprue.
  • the melt is then divided into two separate branches facing away from the sprue, which, given a corresponding basic shape of the feeder system, are preferably aligned such that they run parallel at least in sections.
  • the melt, which is divided into branches of the pouring runner directed away, is returned to the pot-like feeder chambers via a deflector.
  • a curve can be provided in the area of the deflection, which leads out of the main plane in which the pouring runner mainly lies in order to slow down the flow speed of the melt flowing through the respective branch directed away.
  • the early separation of the runner system and supply of the melt to several feeder volumes provided by the feeder chambers results in optimized filling conditions.
  • the configuration according to the invention guarantees a rapid, uniform inflow of the molten metal and, as a result, a homogeneous temperature distribution in the feeder system and in the component.
  • the runners are connected to the feeder chambers via gates.
  • the connection of the feeder chambers is selected in such a way that the penetrating melt is optimally mixed in the chambers.
  • the feeder chambers are connected to one another via gates.
  • the melt flow and the achieved temperature distribution can be adapted to the particular casting task. Because the feeder system is arranged above the mold cavity during the solidification, solidification in the direction of the feeder system is achieved. This means that the component cools down and solidifies, starting from the point furthest away from the feeder system, while the melt contained in the feeder system and finally filled into the mold remains hot for longer. If the mold is gravity cast without rotation, i.e. filled with the feeder system at the top, the mold cavity representing the cast part is filled first, and only finally the feeder system is filled.
  • connection points preferably go to existing slugs and sit on surfaces that are part of the standard post-processing.
  • the feeder system can be easily removed during the pre- and post-processing of the respective component (cylinder crankcase Z), for example by drilling.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Moule de coulée pour couler des pièces coulées (Z) façonnées complexes, de grand volume, à partir d'une masse fondue métallique, le moule de coulée (1) présentant un espace creux de moulage (5) représentant la pièce coulée (Z) et un système d'introduction pour introduire la masse fondue métallique à couler en pièce coulée (Z) dans l'espace creux de moulage (5), le système d'introduction présentant une carotte de moulage (10), un canal de coulée (7) raccordé à la carotte de moulage et un système de masselotte (8) qui est raccordé au canal de coulée (7) et l'espace creux de moulage (5) étant relié au système de masselotte (8) ou au canal de coulée (7) via des raccordements (9a, 9b), caractérisé en ce que le canal de coulée (7) - vu dans le sens d'écoulement (S) de la masse fondue métallique qui s'écoule lors du fonctionnement de coulée de la carotte de moulage (10) dans le canal de coulée (7) - est guidé avec une branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne de la carotte de moulage (10), le long du système de masselotte (8) et avec une branche (20) qui revient et qui se raccorde à la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne, dans la direction opposée à celle de la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne le long du système de masselotte (8) et en ce que le système de masselotte (8) est relié à la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne ainsi qu'à la branche (20) qui revient via deux sections (21 - 24) ou plus agencées de manière répartie le long de la branche respective (18, 19, 20).
  2. Moule de coulée selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le nombre des sections (21, 23) associées à la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne est identique au nombre des sections (22, 24) associées à la branche (20) qui revient.
  3. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une des sections (22, 24), à l'aide de laquelle la branche (20) qui revient est reliée au système de masselotte (8), est agencée à l'opposé de chaque section (21, 23), à l'aide de laquelle la branche (18, 19) du canal de coulée (7) qui s'éloigne est reliée au système de masselotte (8).
  4. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la dimension des sections (21, 23) associées à la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne est identique à la dimension des sections (22, 24) associées à la branche (20) qui revient.
  5. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système de masselotte (8) comporte au moins un, deux ou plus compartiments à masselotte (11, 12), dont chacun est relié, à l'aide respectivement d'au moins une section (21 - 24), aussi bien à la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne qu'à la branche (20) du canal de coulée qui revient.
  6. Moule de coulée selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que les compartiments à masselotte (11, 12) sont reliés l'un à l'autre à l'aide d'une section (13, 14).
  7. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que
    - le système de masselotte (8) comporte au moins deux compartiments à masselotte (11, 12) agencés l'un à côté de l'autre et
    - en ce que
    - soit la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne est agencée dans l'espace intermédiaire (15) entre les compartiments à masselotte (11, 12) et une branche (20) qui revient, en dérivation depuis la branche (18, 19) qui s'éloigne, passe le long du côté de chacun des compartiments à masselotte (11, 12) situé à l'extérieur par rapport à l'espace intermédiaire (15),
    - ou le canal de coulée (7) est partagé en deux branches (18, 19) qui s'éloignent, dont une passe respectivement le long d'un côté des compartiments à masselotte (11, 12) situé l'extérieur par rapport à l'espace intermédiaire (15) entre les compartiments à masselotte (11, 12), tandis qu'au moins une branche (20) qui revient, reliée aux branches (18, 19) qui s'éloignent, passe dans l'espace intermédiaire (15) entre les compartiments à masselotte (11, 12).
  8. Moule de coulée selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le canal de coulée (7) est ramifié directement après la carotte de moulage (10) en deux branches (18, 19) qui s'éloignent, sur lesquelles est raccordée au moins une branche (20) qui revient.
  9. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les branches (18, 19, 20) du canal de coulée (7) sont agencées dans un plan (H2).
  10. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé en tant que paquet de noyaux à partir d'une multitude de noyaux (2, 3, 4), dont certains noyaux (2, 3, 4) représentent le moule extérieur et d'autres noyaux (4) représentent des évidements, des espaces creux, des canaux et similaires à représenter dans la pièce coulée à fabriquer.
  11. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le raccordement (9a, 9b) conduisant du système de masselotte (8) ou du canal de coulée (7) vers l'espace creux de moulage (5) est guidé exclusivement à l'extérieur du volume du moule de coulée (1) occupé par l'espace creux de moulage (5).
  12. Moule de coulée selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, lors de plusieurs raccordements (9a, 9b), les orifices d'admission des raccordements (9a, 9b) associés au système de masselotte (8) sont agencés conjointement dans un plan (H3).
  13. Moule de coulée selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins les noyaux de coulée (4) délimitant, au moins partiellement, les raccordements (9a, 9b) sont maintenus dans une coque extérieure (2, 3) du moule de coulée (1).
  14. Moule de coulée selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la coque extérieure (2, 3) est conçue en tant que pièce de moule de coulée permanente, laquelle est préservée après le démoulage de la pièce de coulée (Z), tandis que les noyaux de coulée (4) se composent, en tant que pièces de moule de coulée perdues, détruites lors du démoulage, d'une matière à mouler à base de sable de moulage.
  15. Utilisation d'un moule de coulée (1) conçu selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour couler un carter de vilebrequin de cylindre (Z) pour un moteur à combustion à partir d'une masse fondue de métaux légers.
EP18709763.9A 2017-01-17 2018-01-17 Moule de coulée pour couler des pièces coulées façonnées complexes et utilisation d'un tel moule de coulée Active EP3570992B1 (fr)

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DE102017100805.5A DE102017100805A1 (de) 2017-01-17 2017-01-17 Gießform zum Gießen von komplex geformten Gussteilen und Verwendung einer solchen Gießform
PCT/IB2018/000021 WO2018134672A1 (fr) 2017-01-17 2018-01-17 Moule de coulée pour couler des pièces coulées façonnées complexes et utilisation d'un tel moule de coulée

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DE (1) DE102017100805A1 (fr)
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US20190337047A1 (en) 2019-11-07
RU2717755C1 (ru) 2020-03-25
CN110191773B (zh) 2021-06-29
CN110191773A (zh) 2019-08-30
JP6858863B2 (ja) 2021-04-14
KR102178737B1 (ko) 2020-11-16
JP2020505232A (ja) 2020-02-20
DE102017100805A1 (de) 2018-07-19
KR20190105611A (ko) 2019-09-17
US11014144B2 (en) 2021-05-25
PL3570992T3 (pl) 2021-03-08
ZA201904169B (en) 2021-02-24
MX2019008443A (es) 2019-09-11
BR112019013406A2 (pt) 2020-03-03
EP3570992A1 (fr) 2019-11-27
WO2018134672A1 (fr) 2018-07-26

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