EP3554730B1 - Method for bending extruded profiled elements - Google Patents
Method for bending extruded profiled elements Download PDFInfo
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- EP3554730B1 EP3554730B1 EP17835609.3A EP17835609A EP3554730B1 EP 3554730 B1 EP3554730 B1 EP 3554730B1 EP 17835609 A EP17835609 A EP 17835609A EP 3554730 B1 EP3554730 B1 EP 3554730B1
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- profile
- cross
- sectional shape
- bending
- extruded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/08—Bending by altering the thickness of part of the cross-section of the work
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for bending extruded profiles, and in particular to a method for producing an electrical coil by bending extruded profiles according to this method.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the cross-sectional change or deformation when bending extruded profiles, in particular when bending flat profiles upright with narrow radii. This applies to the upright bending of individual sheets between sections of straight profile sections as well as the continuous bending, here called upright winding, of endless profiles.
- the profiles to be bent are referred to as extruded profiles in the context of this invention.
- coils made of round wire are increasingly being replaced by coils made of rectangular wire or wires with adapted cross-sections. This allows the fill factor of packaged round wires to be increased from approximately 55% to an order of magnitude of 90%. In addition, the gap that would otherwise be filled with air is avoided. This increases heat dissipation, which results in better heat dissipation in the power sections of the coils and can be used to increase performance.
- Figure 1 the changes in the cross-sectional shape and the stack height per turn of the extruded profile are shown by views before (Q, H) and after (Q', H ⁇ ) of the bending deformation, whereby the surface contact between the individual turns is reduced to a line contact on the inner arch.
- a method for bending extruded profiles according to the preamble of claim 1 is in WO 2016/175179 A1 disclosed.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a method for bending extruded profiles while avoiding the disadvantages known from the prior art in order to produce a bending extruded profile with an approximately constant cross section and minimized stack height as simply and cost-effectively as possible.
- the invention provides the method for bending extruded profiles according to claim 1
- the inevitable change in cross-section of the extruded profile is counteracted by maintaining a complementarily adapted cross-sectional shape in the profile section to be bent.
- the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section to be bent is offset with respect to the profile axis. This means that the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape in the profile section to be bent does not coincide with the profile axis because the material before bending is arranged unevenly with respect to the profile axis and is predominantly located in half of the designated bending outside.
- the extruded profile is compressed on the inside of the bend (inner bend) and thinned on the outside of the bend (outer bend), so that the center of gravity moves towards the inside of the bend.
- the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section ideally coincides with the profile axis of the extruded profile.
- cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile refers to a cross section perpendicular to the profile axis of the extruded profile, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
- extruded profile is intended to cover all profiles that can be processed using the method according to the invention and can be subjected to bending, i.e. in particular endless profiles and strip materials, etc.
- the extruded profile extends along a profile axis and preferably consists of a homogeneous material, for example a electrically conductive material such as metal, in particular copper, aluminum, iron, silver or an alloy thereof.
- the extruded profile is preferably produced by extrusion (or extrusion in the case of an extruded plastic profile), for example with a constant cross section along the profile axis. In preparation for sequential bending forming, local cross-sectional changes can be made, for example through local material application and/or material removal.
- the ratio of the dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane to the dimension of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane is preferably greater than 1 before and/or after the bending deformation and is preferably at least 2, 3, 4, 5 or more.
- the profile width (dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane) before and/or after the bending deformation is greater than the profile height (dimension of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane).
- the profile axis preferably corresponds to the center of the maximum external dimensions of the cross-sectional shape or the center of the smallest rectangle into which the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile fits. If the extruded profile has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the profile section, the center of gravity coincides with the profile axis. If the extruded profile in the profile section has a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, the center of gravity is offset in the direction of the wider side of the cross-sectional shape with respect to the profile axis.
- the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile is the geometric center of gravity of this cross-sectional shape. Mathematically, this corresponds to averaging all points within the cross-sectional shape. In simple cases, the center of gravity can be obtained through geometric considerations, or generally calculated using mathematical means through integration. The methods of analytical geometry are used to describe the bodies.
- the designated bending section or the profile section to be bent is that section of the extruded profile in which a bending deformation is intended to take place before the bending has taken place.
- the designated bending outside is the side of the extruded profile that describes the outer arc of the bend after the intended bending deformation of the extruded profile, but before the bending deformation has taken place.
- the bending outside faces away from the center of curvature of the bending deformation.
- the designated inside bending side is the side of the extruded profile that describes the inner arc of the bend after the intended bending deformation of the extruded profile, but before the bending deformation has taken place.
- the inside of the bend faces the center of curvature of the bending deformation.
- the bending plane is the plane in which the profile axis of the extruded profile lies after the bending deformation has taken place.
- the present invention relates in particular to the bending of an extruded profile in individual arcs (upright bending) or with a continuous bending radius (upright winding) around the side of the extruded profile with shorter dimensions.
- the dimension/extent of the cross-sectional shape in or along the bending plane is preferably larger than the dimension/extent of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane.
- the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile provided in step A is tapered in the profile section, preferably tapered continuously and/or linearly, this cross-sectional shape preferably being symmetrical and/or trapezoidal.
- Such a cross-sectional shape is comparatively easy to process, so that after bending the extruded profile has a symmetrical and uniform cross-sectional shape.
- the area of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile is reduced in the profile section in step B, preferably the ratio of the dimension of this cross-sectional shape in the bending plane to the dimension of this cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane increases, preferably the dimension of this cross-sectional shape remains constant in the bending plane and/or the dimension of this cross-sectional shape is reduced perpendicular to the bending plane, with particularly preferably the main axis of this cross-sectional shape (ie the largest dimension of the cross-sectional shape) running in the bending plane before and/or after the bending deformation.
- the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section is changed in step B in such a way that two sides of it after step B extend exactly or essentially parallel to each other and / or exactly or essentially parallel to the bending plane, this cross-sectional shape being Step B is preferably rectangular and/or symmetrical to the bending plane, wherein preferably before and/or after step B the dimension of this cross-sectional shape in the bending plane is larger than perpendicular to the bending plane.
- the extruded profile can be arranged in a particularly compact manner in several turns.
- the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile provided in step A is produced in the profile section by material application and/or material removal, preferably starting from an extruded profile with a constant cross-sectional shape along its profile axis.
- This makes it possible to produce extruded profiles that are particularly suitable for upright bending, whereby the bending deformation can be used to produce windings with alternately curved and straight profile sections, for example individual arcs and straight profile sections that are alternately bent at 90° following one another.
- the profile section is arranged between two adjacent sections along the profile axis, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section being exactly or substantially adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the adjacent neighboring sections in step B, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the sections adjacent to the profile section Neighboring sections before and / or after step B is preferably rectangular. This feature also favors the production of extruded profiles for upright bending to produce windings with alternating curved and straight profile sections.
- the offset of the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape with respect to the profile axis in the course along the profile axis between the neighboring sections adjacent to the profile section is uniform over the entire profile section or at least a part of the profile section, whereby the Offset preferably increases starting from one of the adjacent neighboring sections and decreases leading to the other of the adjacent neighboring sections.
- the change in cross-section of the extruded profile caused by bending deformation is not uniform over the entire profile section. The change in cross-section is greatest at the apex of the bend and smallest at the edge areas of the profile section, each adjacent to the neighboring section.
- the extruded profile provided in step A is preferably produced by the extrusion process with a cross-sectional shape which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to two perpendicular planes, preferably in the form of two mirror-symmetrical trapezoids which are parallel to one another along their shorter or longer sides are connected, wherein the extruded profile is preferably subsequently separated along a plane of symmetry in order to have the cross-sectional shape specified in step A in at least one profile section.
- This feature makes it easier to produce trapezoidal extruded profiles.
- profiles strips
- this is solved by producing the individual profiles as double or multiple profiles, in particular as double or multiple trapezoidal profiles, and subsequently separating them.
- the bending radius of the bending deformation in step B in the profile section is in the range of 0 to 500%, preferably 0 to 200%, preferably 0 to 100% of the dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane. With such bending radii, the advantageous effects of the claimed invention are particularly advantageous.
- step B it can also be helpful if the bending of the extruded profile in step B is carried out in the profile section by rolling.
- rolling particularly uniform cross-sectional shapes can be achieved across the bending area.
- the profile axis of the extruded profile forms a straight line before step B and/or a winding with at least one turn after step B.
- a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an electrotechnical coil by bending an electrically conductive extruded profile according to the method according to one of the preceding embodiments, so that the extruded profile preferably has a has a uniform cross-sectional shape along the profile axis and / or a uniform bending radius along the profile axis or alternating straight and curved sections, the turns of the extruded profile preferably contacting each other flatly essentially perpendicular to the bending plane.
- the bending angle of the bending deformation in step B is 360°/n per bend with n bends per turn, ie 90° with four bends per turn, 60° with six bends per turn, etc.
- the unavoidable cross-sectional change of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2 due to the bending deformation in step B of the method is counteracted by already providing a complementary adapted cross-sectional shape in step A.
- the cross-sectional adjustment In the case of a sequential bending deformation (upright bending), the cross-sectional adjustment must be provided accordingly locally, in the case of a continuous bending deformation (upright bending), in particular with a constant bending radius, along the entire extruded profile 1.
- a corresponding material thickening is made in the profile section 2, which is changed during bending so that after bending, as in the neighboring sections 3 or between the bends, the desired ideally rectangular cross-sectional shape Q2 ⁇ is present.
- Figure 7 shows an extruded profile 1 with a corresponding cross-sectional adjustment in the profile section 2 in different views (a), (b) and (c).
- the cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2 is trapezoidal and symmetrical to the designated bending plane B, so that it tapers continuously and linearly starting from the designated bending outside BA to the designated bending inside BI.
- the main axis of the cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2, ie the largest dimension of the cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1, runs in the bending plane B.
- the center of gravity F2 of the cross-sectional shape Q2 in the designated profile section 2 is relative to the profile axis A to the designated bending outside BA offset.
- the cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2 is not uniform along the profile axis A.
- the profile section 2 is arranged between two neighboring sections 3 which are adjacent along the profile axis A.
- the offset of the center of gravity F2 of the cross-sectional shape Q2 with respect to the profile axis A increases along the profile axis A starting from one of the adjacent neighboring sections 3, remains constant in a wedge-shaped middle section 2a and increases in a further oblique wedge section 2b the other of the adjacent neighboring sections 3 again.
- the surfaces of the wedge sections 2b and the middle section 2a preferably lie in planes that meet at an imaginary point.
- This imaginary point preferably corresponds to the later center of bending/curvature.
- the described cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2, which is particularly suitable for the (upright) bending of individual sheets alternating with straight neighboring sections 3, can be produced, for example, by applying material to the designated outside bending side BA and/or removing material from the designated inside bending side BI, for example, starting from an extruded profile 1 with a cross-sectional shape that is constant with respect to the profile axis A.
- the area of the cross-sectional shape Q2, Q2 'of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2, 2' reduces during bending, the dimension of the cross-sectional shape Q2, Q2' of the extruded profile 1 in the bending plane B between the outside bending side BA and the inside bending side BI remaining constant , while the dimension of the cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1 decreases perpendicular to the bending plane B.
- the cross-sectional shape Q2' of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2' is changed from trapezoidal to rectangular, so that the top and bottom sides of the cross-sectional shape Q2' after the bending deformation are exactly parallel to one another and, if necessary, exactly parallel to the bending plane B extend.
- the cross-sectional shape Q2' of the extruded profile 1 in the profile section 2 is adjusted to the cross-sectional shape Q3 of the extruded profile 1 in the adjacent neighboring sections 3, so that the cross-sectional shape Q2', Q3 of the extruded profile 1 after the bending deformation both in the profile section 2 and the adjacent neighboring sections 3 is rectangular and the main axis of the cross-sectional shape Q2 of the extruded profile 1 runs in the profile section 2 in the bending plane B.
- the bending center or the center of bending/curvature is very close to the inside of the bend BI ⁇ , with the bending radius in the profile section 2' being comparatively small and in the range of 50% to approx. 100% of the dimension of the cross-sectional shape Q2 ⁇ in the Bending plane B is located.
- the center of gravity F2 of the cross-sectional shape Q2 is shifted by the amount ⁇ FS in the direction of the profile axis A, so that the center of gravity F2' of the formed cross-sectional shape Q2' - as well as the center of gravity F3 of the cross-sectional shape Q3 in the neighboring sections 3 - after step B ideally coincides with the profile axis A.
- edge-bending electrically conductive extruded profiles for shaped coils is the achievement of the desired ideally rectangular cross-section and the associated high degree of filling as well as large-area contact for improved heat dissipation between the individual turns and the external environment. With the degree of filling and the improved heat dissipation, the achievable power density increases and the use of materials for the same performance is minimized.
- the extruded profile 1 can be produced entirely using the extrusion process with a constant cross-sectional shape along the profile axis A, as described below with reference to Figure 6 is explained. Since trapezoidal cross-sections are generally not easy to produce using the extrusion process, a double or multiple profile P2a, P2b is preferably first produced from a rectangular profile P1a, which has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to two mirror-symmetrical trapezoids, which are parallel along their shorter (P2a) or longer ones Pages (P2b) are connected to each other.
- This double or multiple profile P2a, P2b is subsequently separated along a plane of symmetry into two individual profiles P3a, P3b in order to have the cross-sectional shape specified in step A.
- the profile P4 of an upright winding ideally has a uniform cross-sectional shape along the profile axis and a uniform bending radius along the profile axis, so that the turns of the extruded profile 1 can contact each other flatly in the winding direction or perpendicular to the bending plane.
- the approach to producing forming strips for vertical winding is therefore to roll a single profile P3a, P3b after separating a double or even-numbered multiple profile P2a, P2b created from an initially rectangular extruded profile P1a in order to produce the profile P4 of an upright winding while avoiding curvature.
- the material structure in the bend can be analyzed and the processes used to produce this area can be demonstrated. If a bent round wire P1b, such as in Figure 6 shown, brought into the desired cross-section P2c by pressing, the orientation of the grains is different than if the extruded profile 1 is produced directly with a cross-section in which the center of gravity F2 of the cross-sectional shape Q2 in the profile section 2 with respect to the profile axis A to the designated bending outside BA is offset.
- the main areas of application of the invention are electrical machines (generators, motors, transformers) and components (coils, chokes). Furthermore, the invention can be used advantageously wherever flat profiles have to be bent around narrow radii and the usual change in the cross section leads to disadvantages.
- One such field of application is, for example, the winding of laminated cores of electrical machines from strips of electrical sheet metal. Due to the usual change in the cross-section, it becomes trapezoidal and is therefore unsuitable for stacking and also for baking the layers using thin layers.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Biegeumformung von Strangprofilen, und insbesondere ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrotechnischen Spule durch Biegeumformung von Strangprofilen nach diesem Verfahren.The present invention relates to a method for bending extruded profiles, and in particular to a method for producing an electrical coil by bending extruded profiles according to this method.
Das durch die vorliegende Erfindung zu lösende, technische Problem ist die Querschnittsänderung bzw. -deformation beim Biegen von Strangprofilen, insbesondere beim Hochkantbiegen von Flachprofilen mit engen Radien. Dies betrifft das Hochkantbiegen von Einzelbögen zwischen abschnittsweisen geraden Profilabschnitten wie auch das kontinuierliche Biegen, hier Hochkantwickeln genannt, von Endlosprofilen. Die zu biegenden Profile werden im Rahmen dieser Erfindung als Strangprofile bezeichnet.The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the cross-sectional change or deformation when bending extruded profiles, in particular when bending flat profiles upright with narrow radii. This applies to the upright bending of individual sheets between sections of straight profile sections as well as the continuous bending, here called upright winding, of endless profiles. The profiles to be bent are referred to as extruded profiles in the context of this invention.
Zur Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit elektrischer Maschinen, wie Generatoren, Elektromotoren, und anderer Leistungskomponenten, wie Transformatoren und Drosseln, werden zunehmend Spulen aus Runddraht durch Spulen aus Rechteckdraht bzw. aus Drähten mit angepassten Querschnitten ersetzt. Hierdurch lässt sich der Füllfaktor von paketierten Runddrähten von ca. 55% auf eine Größenordnung von 90% erhöhen. Zusätzlich wird der Zwischenraum, der sonst mit Luft gefüllt ist, vermieden. Dadurch wird die Wärmeableitung erhöht, was eine bessere Entwärmung der Leistungsabschnitte der Spulen zur Folge hat und zur Steigerung der Performance genutzt werden kann.In order to increase the performance of electrical machines, such as generators, electric motors, and other power components such as transformers and chokes, coils made of round wire are increasingly being replaced by coils made of rectangular wire or wires with adapted cross-sections. This allows the fill factor of packaged round wires to be increased from approximately 55% to an order of magnitude of 90%. In addition, the gap that would otherwise be filled with air is avoided. This increases heat dissipation, which results in better heat dissipation in the power sections of the coils and can be used to increase performance.
Beim Hochkantbiegen bzw. Hochkantwickeln von Strangprofilen ändert sich deren Profilquerschnitt in einem gebogenen Profilabschnitt nachteilig, insbesondere bei engen Biegeradien und hohen Verhältnissen von Profilbreite zu -höhe. Im Allgemeinen wird dabei der Außenbogen an der Biegeaußenseite des Strangprofils durch die Streckung ausgedünnt, wohingegen der Innenbogen an der Biegeinnenseite des Strangprofils gestaucht wird und somit aufdickt. Die Querschnittsänderung führt dazu, dass bei der Herstellung einer elektrotechnischen Spule durch Hochkantbiegen oder -wickeln eines flachen Strangprofils die Stapelhöhe des Paketes - und damit der notwendige Bauraum - wächst. Wesentlich nachteiliger ist aber der Verlust des großflächigen Kontakts zwischen benachbarten Windungen zur Wärmeabfuhr. In
Ein weiteres technisches Problem gleicher Natur betrifft die Fertigung von schmalen Blechpaketen aus Bandmaterial, wie schematisch in
Bisher wurde die Änderung des Querschnitts bei gewundenen Blechpaketen in Kauf genommen bzw. gezielt eingestellt, wie aus
Bei gewickelten Spulen wird in der Regel ebenso die Änderung des Querschnitts beim Hochkantbiegen in Kauf genommen. Zur Stabilisierung der Eckenbereiche werden mitunter Stützscheiben, wie in
Durch Pressen des Bereiches mit Querschnittsänderungen lässt sich die Überhöhung am Innenbogen platt drücken, so dass der Nachteil der Erhöhung der Stapelung vermieden wird. Dies ist aber aufwendig und führt zu inhomogenen Querschnitten entlang des Strangprofils.By pressing the area with cross-sectional changes, the elevation on the inner arch can be flattened, so that the disadvantage of increasing the stacking is avoided. However, this is complex and leads to inhomogeneous cross sections along the extruded profile.
Ein weiterer Ansatz zur Vermeidung der Überhöhung am Innenbogen besteht in der Überlagerung des Hochkantbiegens mit axialen Zugspannungen, wie in
Ein Verfahren zur Biegeumformung von Strangprofilen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist in der
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zur Biegeverformung von Strangprofilen unter Vermeidung der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile bereitzustellen, um ein biegeverformtes Strangprofil mit näherungsweise konstantem Querschnitt und minimierter Stapelhöhe möglichst einfach und kostengünstig herzustellen.The present invention is based on the object of providing a method for bending extruded profiles while avoiding the disadvantages known from the prior art in order to produce a bending extruded profile with an approximately constant cross section and minimized stack height as simply and cost-effectively as possible.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe stellt die Erfindung das Verfahren zur Biegeumformung von Strangprofilen nach Anspruch 1 bereitTo solve this problem, the invention provides the method for bending extruded profiles according to
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der unvermeidlichen Querschnittsänderung des Strangprofils dadurch entgegengewirkt, dass eine komplementär angepasste Querschnittsform in dem zu biegenden Profilabschnitt vorgehalten wird.According to the method according to the invention, the inevitable change in cross-section of the extruded profile is counteracted by maintaining a complementarily adapted cross-sectional shape in the profile section to be bent.
Erfindungsgemäß ist der Flächenschwerpunkt der Querschnittsform des Strangprofils in dem zu biegenden Profilabschnitt bezüglich der Profilachse versetzt. Das bedeutet, dass der Flächenschwerpunkt der Querschnittsform in dem zu biegenden Profilabschnitt nicht mit der Profilachse zusammenfällt, weil das Material vor der Biegeumformung bezüglich der Profilachse ungleichmäßig angeordnet ist und sich überwiegend in der Hälfte der designierten Biegeaußenseite befindet.According to the invention, the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section to be bent is offset with respect to the profile axis. This means that the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape in the profile section to be bent does not coincide with the profile axis because the material before bending is arranged unevenly with respect to the profile axis and is predominantly located in half of the designated bending outside.
Bei der Biegeverformung wird das Strangprofil an der Biegeinnenseite (Innenbogen) gestaucht und an der Biegeaußenseite (Außenbogen) ausgedünnt, sodass der Flächenschwerpunkt in Richtung der Biegeinnenseite wandert. Nach der erfolgten Biegeverformung fällt der Flächenschwerpunkt der Querschnittsform des Strangprofils im Profilabschnitt im Idealfall mit der Profilachse des Strangprofils zusammen.During bending deformation, the extruded profile is compressed on the inside of the bend (inner bend) and thinned on the outside of the bend (outer bend), so that the center of gravity moves towards the inside of the bend. After the bending deformation has taken place, the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section ideally coincides with the profile axis of the extruded profile.
Die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils bezieht sich im Rahmen dieser Erfindungsbeschreibung auf einen Querschnitt senkrecht zur Profilachse des Strangprofils, sofern es nicht explizit anders angegeben ist.In the context of this description of the invention, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile refers to a cross section perpendicular to the profile axis of the extruded profile, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
Der Begriff Strangprofil soll alle Profile erfassen, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bearbeitet werden können und einer Biegeumformung unterzogen werden können, also insbesondere Endlosprofile und Bandmaterialien, etc.. Das Strangprofil erstreckt sich entlang einer Profilachse und besteht vorzugsweise aus homogenem Material, beispielsweise einem elektrisch leitenden Werkstoff wie Metall, insbesondere Kupfer, Aluminium, Eisen, Silber oder einer Legierung daraus. Das Strangprofil wird vorzugsweise durch Strangpressen (oder Extrusion im Falle eines Strangprofils aus Kunststoff) hergestellt, bspw. mit einem entlang der Profilachse konstanten Querschnitt. In Vorbereitung einer sequenziellen Biegeumformung können lokale Querschnittsänderungen vorgenommen werden, beispielsweise durch lokalen Materialauftrag und/oder Materialabtrag.The term extruded profile is intended to cover all profiles that can be processed using the method according to the invention and can be subjected to bending, i.e. in particular endless profiles and strip materials, etc. The extruded profile extends along a profile axis and preferably consists of a homogeneous material, for example a electrically conductive material such as metal, in particular copper, aluminum, iron, silver or an alloy thereof. The extruded profile is preferably produced by extrusion (or extrusion in the case of an extruded plastic profile), for example with a constant cross section along the profile axis. In preparation for sequential bending forming, local cross-sectional changes can be made, for example through local material application and/or material removal.
Das Verhältnis der Abmessung der Querschnittsform in der Biegeebene zu der Abmessung der Querschnittsform senkrecht zu der Biegeebene ist vor und/oder nach der Biegeverformung vorzugsweise größer als 1 und beträgt bevorzugt wenigstens 2, 3, 4, 5 oder mehr.The ratio of the dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane to the dimension of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane is preferably greater than 1 before and/or after the bending deformation and is preferably at least 2, 3, 4, 5 or more.
Bei einem Flachprofil ist die Profilbreite (Abmessung der Querschnittsform in der Biegeebene) vor und/oder nach der Biegeverformung größer als die Profilhöhe (Abmessung der Querschnittsform senkrecht zur Biegeebene).In the case of a flat profile, the profile width (dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane) before and/or after the bending deformation is greater than the profile height (dimension of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane).
Die Profilachse entspricht vorzugsweise dem Mittelpunkt der maximalen Außenabmessungen der Querschnittsform bzw. dem Mittelpunkt des kleinsten Rechtecks, in welches die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils hineinpasst. Bei einer rechteckigen Querschnittsform des Strangprofils im Profilabschnitt fällt der Flächenschwerpunkt mit der Profilachse zusammen. Bei einer dreieckigen oder trapezförmigen Querschnittsform des Strangprofils im Profilabschnitt ist der Flächenschwerpunkt bezüglich der Profilachse jeweils in Richtung der breiteren Seite der Querschnittsform versetzt.The profile axis preferably corresponds to the center of the maximum external dimensions of the cross-sectional shape or the center of the smallest rectangle into which the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile fits. If the extruded profile has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the profile section, the center of gravity coincides with the profile axis. If the extruded profile in the profile section has a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, the center of gravity is offset in the direction of the wider side of the cross-sectional shape with respect to the profile axis.
Der Flächenschwerpunkt der Querschnittsform des Strangprofils ist der geometrische Schwerpunkt dieser Querschnittsform. Mathematisch entspricht dies der Mittelung aller Punkte innerhalb der Querschnittsform. Den Flächenschwerpunkt kann man in einfachen Fällen durch geometrische Überlegungen erhalten, oder allgemein mit Mitteln der Mathematik durch Integration berechnen. Zur Beschreibung der Körper werden die Methoden der analytischen Geometrie verwendet.The center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile is the geometric center of gravity of this cross-sectional shape. Mathematically, this corresponds to averaging all points within the cross-sectional shape. In simple cases, the center of gravity can be obtained through geometric considerations, or generally calculated using mathematical means through integration. The methods of analytical geometry are used to describe the bodies.
Der designierte Biegeabschnitt bzw. der zu biegende Profilabschnitt ist derjenige Abschnitt des Strangprofils, in dem bestimmungsgemäß eine Biegeverformung erfolgen wird, bevor die Biegung erfolgt ist.The designated bending section or the profile section to be bent is that section of the extruded profile in which a bending deformation is intended to take place before the bending has taken place.
Die designierte Biegeaußenseite ist diejenige Seite des Strangprofils, die nach der bestimmungsgemäßen Biegeverformung des Strangprofils den Außenbogen der Biegung beschreibt, jedoch bevor die Biegeverformung erfolgt ist. Die Biegeaußenseite ist von dem Krümmungsmittelpunkt der Biegeverformung abgewandt.The designated bending outside is the side of the extruded profile that describes the outer arc of the bend after the intended bending deformation of the extruded profile, but before the bending deformation has taken place. The bending outside faces away from the center of curvature of the bending deformation.
Die designierte Biegeinnenseite ist diejenige Seite des Strangprofils, die nach der bestimmungsgemäßen Biegeverformung des Strangprofils den Innenbogen der Biegung beschreibt, jedoch bevor die Biegeverformung erfolgt ist. Die Biegeinnenseite ist dem Krümmungsmittelpunkt der Biegeverformung zugewandt.The designated inside bending side is the side of the extruded profile that describes the inner arc of the bend after the intended bending deformation of the extruded profile, but before the bending deformation has taken place. The inside of the bend faces the center of curvature of the bending deformation.
Die Biegeebene ist die Ebene, in welcher die Profilachse des Strangprofils nach erfolgter Biegeverformung liegt.The bending plane is the plane in which the profile axis of the extruded profile lies after the bending deformation has taken place.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft insbesondere die Biegung eines Strangprofils in Einzelbögen (Hochkantbiegung) oder mit kontinuierlichem Biegeradius (Hochkantwicklung) um die Seite des Strangprofils mit kürzerer Abmessung. Die Abmessung/Erstreckung der Querschnittsform in bzw. entlang der Biegeebene ist vorzugsweise größer als die Abmessung/Erstreckung der Querschnittsform senkrecht zur Biegeebene.The present invention relates in particular to the bending of an extruded profile in individual arcs (upright bending) or with a continuous bending radius (upright winding) around the side of the extruded profile with shorter dimensions. The dimension/extent of the cross-sectional shape in or along the bending plane is preferably larger than the dimension/extent of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane.
Es kann von Vorteil sein, wenn die Querschnittsform des in Schritt A bereitgestellten Strangprofils in dem Profilabschnitt verjüngt ist, vorzugsweise stetig und/oder linear verjüngt ist, wobei diese Querschnittsform bevorzugt symmetrisch ist und/oder trapezförmig ist. Eine derartige Querschnittsform ist vergleichsweise einfach zu bearbeiten, sodass sich nach der Biegeumformung eine symmetrische und gleichmäßige Querschnittsform des Strangprofils ergibt.It can be advantageous if the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile provided in step A is tapered in the profile section, preferably tapered continuously and/or linearly, this cross-sectional shape preferably being symmetrical and/or trapezoidal. Such a cross-sectional shape is comparatively easy to process, so that after bending the extruded profile has a symmetrical and uniform cross-sectional shape.
Es kann sich als hilfreich erweisen, wenn die Fläche der Querschnittsform des Strangprofils in dem Profilabschnitt in Schritt B verringert wird, wobei vorzugsweise das Verhältnis der Abmessung dieser Querschnittsform in der Biegeebene zur Abmessung dieser Querschnittsform senkrecht zu der Biegeebene ansteigt, wobei bevorzugt die Abmessung dieser Querschnittsform in der Biegeebene konstant bleibt und/oder die Abmessung dieser Querschnittsform senkrecht zu der Biegeebene verringert wird, wobei besonders bevorzugt die Hauptachse dieser Querschnittsform (d.h. die größte Abmessung der Querschnittsform) vor und/oder nach der Biegeumformung in der Biegeebene verläuft. Dadurch können insbesondere beim Hochkantwickeln und -biegen von Endlosprofilen eine besonders geringe Stapelhöhe und ein hoher Nutfüllfaktor erreicht werden.It can prove to be helpful if the area of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile is reduced in the profile section in step B, preferably the ratio of the dimension of this cross-sectional shape in the bending plane to the dimension of this cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the bending plane increases, preferably the dimension of this cross-sectional shape remains constant in the bending plane and/or the dimension of this cross-sectional shape is reduced perpendicular to the bending plane, with particularly preferably the main axis of this cross-sectional shape (ie the largest dimension of the cross-sectional shape) running in the bending plane before and/or after the bending deformation. This means that a particularly low stack height and a high groove filling factor can be achieved, particularly when winding and bending endless profiles upright.
Es kann nützlich sein, wenn die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils in dem Profilabschnitt in Schritt B derart verändert wird, dass sich zwei Seiten davon nach Schritt B exakt oder im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander und/oder exakt oder im Wesentlichen parallel zur Biegeebene erstrecken, wobei diese Querschnittsform nach Schritt B vorzugsweise rechteckig ist und/oder symmetrisch zur Biegeebene ist, wobei bevorzugt vor und/oder nach Schritt B die Abmessung dieser Querschnittsform in der Biegeebene größer ist als senkrecht zur Biegeebene. In dieser Ausführung lässt sich das Strangprofil in mehreren Windungen besonders kompakt anordnen.It can be useful if the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section is changed in step B in such a way that two sides of it after step B extend exactly or essentially parallel to each other and / or exactly or essentially parallel to the bending plane, this cross-sectional shape being Step B is preferably rectangular and/or symmetrical to the bending plane, wherein preferably before and/or after step B the dimension of this cross-sectional shape in the bending plane is larger than perpendicular to the bending plane. In this version, the extruded profile can be arranged in a particularly compact manner in several turns.
Es kann aber auch sinnvoll sein, wenn die Querschnittsform des in Schritt A bereitgestellten Strangprofils in dem Profilabschnitt durch Materialauftrag und/oder Materialabtrag hergestellt wird, vorzugsweise ausgehend von einem Strangprofil mit einer entlang seiner Profilachse konstanten Querschnittsform. Dadurch lassen sich Strangprofile herstellen, die insbesondere für das Hochkantbiegen geeignet sind, wobei sich durch die Biegeverformung Wicklungen mit abwechselnd gebogenen und geraden Profilabschnitten darstellen lassen, wobei beispielsweise abwechselnd um 90° gebogene Einzelbögen und geraden Profilabschnitte aufeinander folgen.However, it can also make sense if the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile provided in step A is produced in the profile section by material application and/or material removal, preferably starting from an extruded profile with a constant cross-sectional shape along its profile axis. This makes it possible to produce extruded profiles that are particularly suitable for upright bending, whereby the bending deformation can be used to produce windings with alternately curved and straight profile sections, for example individual arcs and straight profile sections that are alternately bent at 90° following one another.
Erfindungsgemäß ist der Profilabschnitt zwischen zwei entlang der Profilachse benachbarten Nachbarabschnitten angeordnet, wobei die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils im Profilabschnitt in Schritt B exakt oder im Wesentlichen an die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils in den angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitten angeglichen wird, wobei die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils in den an den Profilabschnitt angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitten vor und/oder nach Schritt B vorzugsweise rechteckig ist. Auch dieses Merkmal begünstigt die Herstellung von Strangprofilen für das Hochkantbiegen zur Erzeugung von Wicklungen mit abwechselnd gebogenen und geraden Profilabschnitten.According to the invention, the profile section is arranged between two adjacent sections along the profile axis, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section being exactly or substantially adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the adjacent neighboring sections in step B, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the sections adjacent to the profile section Neighboring sections before and / or after step B is preferably rectangular. This feature also favors the production of extruded profiles for upright bending to produce windings with alternating curved and straight profile sections.
Es kann von Vorteil sein, wenn bei dem in Schritt A bereitgestellten Strangprofil der Versatz des Flächenschwerpunkts der Querschnittsform bezüglich der Profilachse im Verlauf entlang der Profilachse zwischen den an den Profilabschnitt angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitten über den gesamten Profilabschnitt oder wenigstens einen Teil des Profilabschnitts einheitlich ist, wobei der Versatz vorzugsweise ausgehend von einem der angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitte zunimmt und hinführend zu dem anderen der angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitte abnimmt. Insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Einzelbögen zwischen zwei geraden Profilabschnitten ist die durch Biegeverformung verursachte Querschnittsänderung des Strangprofils nicht über den gesamten Profilabschnitt einheitlich. Die Querschnittsänderung ist am Scheitelpunkt der Biegung am größten und an den Randbereichen des Profilabschnitts, jeweils angrenzend an den benachbarten Nachbarabschnitt, am kleinsten. Durch den angepassten Versatz des Flächenschwerpunkts der Querschnittsform des Strangprofils im Profilabschnitt, bei welchem der Versatz ausgehend von einem der angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitte zunimmt und hinführend zu dem anderen der angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitte abnimmt, kann über den gesamten Profilabschnitt nach der Biegeverformung eine weitgehend einheitliche Querschnittsform erzeugt werden.It can be advantageous if, in the extruded profile provided in step A, the offset of the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape with respect to the profile axis in the course along the profile axis between the neighboring sections adjacent to the profile section is uniform over the entire profile section or at least a part of the profile section, whereby the Offset preferably increases starting from one of the adjacent neighboring sections and decreases leading to the other of the adjacent neighboring sections. Particularly when producing individual arches between two straight profile sections, the change in cross-section of the extruded profile caused by bending deformation is not uniform over the entire profile section. The change in cross-section is greatest at the apex of the bend and smallest at the edge areas of the profile section, each adjacent to the neighboring section. By adjusting the offset of the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile in the profile section in which the offset starting from one of the adjacent neighboring sections and decreasing towards the other of the adjacent neighboring sections, a largely uniform cross-sectional shape can be generated over the entire profile section after the bending deformation.
Es kann sich als vorteilhaft erweisen, wenn das in Schritt A bereitgestellte Strangprofil vorzugsweise im Strangpressverfahren mit einer Querschnittsform hergestellt wird, welche spiegelsymmetrisch bezüglich zweier senkrecht aufeinander stehender Ebenen ist, vorzugsweise in der Form zweier spiegelsymmetrischer Trapeze, die entlang ihrer kürzeren oder längeren parallelen Seiten miteinander verbunden sind, wobei das Strangprofil bevorzugt nachträglich entlang einer Symmetrieebene getrennt wird, um in wenigstens einem Profilabschnitt die in Schritt A spezifizierte Querschnittsform aufzuweisen. Dieses Merkmal erleichtert die Herstellung trapezförmiger Strangprofile. Verbunden mit dem Hochkantwickeln besteht ein technisches Problem in der Herstellung von Profilen (Bändern) mit schlanken trapezförmigen Querschnitten durch Walzverfahren. Erfindungsgemäß wird das gelöst, indem die Einzelprofile als Doppel- oder Mehrfachprofile, insbesondere als Doppel- oder Mehrfachtrapezprofile, gefertigt und nachträglich getrennt werden.It can prove to be advantageous if the extruded profile provided in step A is preferably produced by the extrusion process with a cross-sectional shape which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to two perpendicular planes, preferably in the form of two mirror-symmetrical trapezoids which are parallel to one another along their shorter or longer sides are connected, wherein the extruded profile is preferably subsequently separated along a plane of symmetry in order to have the cross-sectional shape specified in step A in at least one profile section. This feature makes it easier to produce trapezoidal extruded profiles. In connection with vertical winding, there is a technical problem in the production of profiles (strips) with slim trapezoidal cross-sections using rolling processes. According to the invention, this is solved by producing the individual profiles as double or multiple profiles, in particular as double or multiple trapezoidal profiles, and subsequently separating them.
Es kann sich als nützlich erweisen, wenn der Biegeradius der Biegeumformung in Schritt B im Profilabschnitt im Bereich von 0 bis 500%, vorzugsweise 0 bis 200%, bevorzugt 0 bis 100% der Abmessung der Querschnittsform in der Biegeebene beträgt. Bei derartigen Biegeradien kommen die vorteilhaften Wirkungen der beanspruchten Erfindung besonders vorteilhaft zur Geltung.It may prove useful if the bending radius of the bending deformation in step B in the profile section is in the range of 0 to 500%, preferably 0 to 200%, preferably 0 to 100% of the dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane. With such bending radii, the advantageous effects of the claimed invention are particularly advantageous.
Es kann aber auch hilfreich sein, wenn die in Schritt B ausgeführte Biegeumformung des Strangprofils im Profilabschnitt durch Walzen erfolgt. Durch Walzen lassen sich über den Biegebereich besonders einheitliche Querschnittsformen erzielen.However, it can also be helpful if the bending of the extruded profile in step B is carried out in the profile section by rolling. By rolling, particularly uniform cross-sectional shapes can be achieved across the bending area.
Es kann sich als praktisch erweisen, wenn die Profilachse des Strangprofils vor Schritt B eine Gerade und/oder nach Schritt B eine Wicklung mit wenigstens einer Windung bildet.It can prove to be practical if the profile axis of the extruded profile forms a straight line before step B and/or a winding with at least one turn after step B.
Es kann aber auch sinnvoll sein, wenn der Profilabschnitt in Schritt B über die kürzeste Seite seiner Querschnittsform gebogen wird. Bei der sog. Hochkantbiegung/-wicklung kommen die vorteilhaften Wirkungen der beanspruchten Erfindung besonders deutlich zum Vorschein.However, it can also make sense if the profile section is bent over the shortest side of its cross-sectional shape in step B. The advantageous effects of the claimed invention are particularly evident in the so-called upright bending/winding.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrotechnischen Spule unter Biegeverformung eines elektrisch leitenden Strangprofils nach dem Verfahren gemäß einer der vorangehenden Ausführungen, sodass das Strangprofil vorzugsweise eine entlang der Profilachse einheitliche Querschnittsform und/oder einen entlang der Profilachse einheitlichen Biegeradius oder abwechselnd gerade und gebogene Abschnitte aufweist, wobei sich die Windungen des Strangprofils bevorzugt im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Biegeebene flächig kontaktieren. Im Falle abwechselnd gerader und gebogener Abschnitte beträgt der Biegewinkel der Biegeumformung in Schritt B pro Biegung bei n Biegungen pro Windung 360°/n, d.h. 90° bei vier Biegungen pro Windung, 60° bei sechs Biegungen pro Windung, usw.A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an electrotechnical coil by bending an electrically conductive extruded profile according to the method according to one of the preceding embodiments, so that the extruded profile preferably has a has a uniform cross-sectional shape along the profile axis and / or a uniform bending radius along the profile axis or alternating straight and curved sections, the turns of the extruded profile preferably contacting each other flatly essentially perpendicular to the bending plane. In the case of alternating straight and curved sections, the bending angle of the bending deformation in step B is 360°/n per bend with n bends per turn, ie 90° with four bends per turn, 60° with six bends per turn, etc.
- Figur 1Figure 1
- zeigt schematisch die Änderung eines rechteckigen Querschnittes eines herkömmlichen Strangprofils aufgrund der Biegeumformung beim Hochkantbiegen und -wickeln gemäß STAND DER TECHNIK, und die damit verursachte Verringerung des Flächenkontakts der Einzelwindungen sowie die theoretische Erhöhung des Stapels pro Windung durch Änderung der Höhe des Querschnittes vor (H) und nach (H') der Biegung, die sich mit der Anzahl der Windungen multipliziert, wobei der Querschnitt (Q) des herkömmlichen Strangprofils vor der Biegeumformung im Umriss in gestrichelter Linie dargestellt ist und der Querschnitt (Q`) des herkömmlichen Strangprofils nach der Biegeumformung in durchgehender Linie und schraffiert dargestellt ist.shows schematically the change in a rectangular cross section of a conventional extruded profile due to the bending deformation during upright bending and winding according to the PRIOR ART, and the resulting reduction in the surface contact of the individual turns as well as the theoretical increase in the stack per turn by changing the height of the cross section before (H) and after (H') the bend, which is multiplied by the number of turns, the cross section (Q) of the conventional extruded profile before the bending forming being shown in outline in a dashed line and the cross section (Q`) of the conventional extruding profile after the bending forming is shown in a continuous line and hatched.
- Figur 2Figure 2
-
zeigt den real auftretenden Stapelfehler beim Fügen der Wicklung des herkömmlichen Strangprofils mit biegeverformten Querschnitt (Q`) gemäß STAND DER TECHNIK aus
Fig. 1 auf einen Läufer (L).shows the stacking error that actually occurs when joining the winding of the conventional extruded profile with a bending-deformed cross section (Q`) according to the STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGYFig. 1 on a bishop (L). - Figur 3Figure 3
- zeigt schematisch ein gerades Strangprofil (1) gemäß STAND DER TECHNIK mit rechteckigem Querschnitt, umfassend einen Profilabschnitt (1b) und zwei entlang der Profilachse angrenzende Nachbarabschnitte (1a, 1c), in der Draufsicht von oben, d.h. senkrecht zu einer designierten Biegeebene.shows schematically a straight extruded profile (1) according to the PRIOR ART with a rectangular cross section, comprising a profile section (1b) and two neighboring sections (1a, 1c) adjoining along the profile axis, in a plan view from above, i.e. perpendicular to a designated bending plane.
- Figur 4Figure 4
- zeigt schematisch eine Draufsicht auf ein gebogenes Profil (1') gemäß STAND DER TECHNIK mit rechteckigen Querschnitten in den geraden Nachbarabschnitten (1a, 1c) und deformiertem, trapezförmigen Querschnitt (Q', Q") im dazwischen liegenden Profilabschnitt (1b), wobei sich die Querschnittsform im Profilabschnitt (1b) je nach Biegung ohne (Q') und mit überlagerter Zugspannung (Q') und den daraus resultierenden neutralen Fasern (3a, 3b) unterscheidet.shows schematically a top view of a curved profile (1 ') according to the PRIOR ART with rectangular cross sections in the straight neighboring sections (1a, 1c) and a deformed, trapezoidal cross section (Q', Q") in the profile section (1b) in between, where the cross-sectional shape in the profile section (1b) differs depending on the bend without (Q') and with superimposed tensile stress (Q') and the resulting neutral fibers (3a, 3b).
- Figur 5Figure 5
- zeigt in Ansicht (a) eine perspektivische und schematische Darstellung eines geraden Abschnitts eines Strangprofils (1) mit einem Profilabschnitt (2) zwischen zwei entlang der Profilachse benachbarten Nachbarabschnitten (3), wobei die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils (1) in dem Profilabschnitt (2) trapezförmig ist und sich von der designierten Biegeaußenseite (BA) zur designierten Biegeinnenseite (BI) kontinuierlich und stetig verjüngt; und in Ansicht (b) eine perspektivische und schematische Darstellung eines um 90° gebogenen Abschnitts eines Strangprofils (1) mit durchgehend einheitlichem Rechteckquerschnitt nach Biegeverformung in dem Profilabschnitt (2), wobei die Biegeebene die Hauptachse der Querschnittsform des Strangprofils (1) vor und nach der Biegung einschließt, wobei die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils (1) im Profilabschnitt (2) nach der erfolgten Biegung an die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils (1) in den benachbarten Nachbarabschnitten (3) angeglichen und ebenfalls rechteckig ist.shows in view (a) a perspective and schematic representation of a straight section of an extruded profile (1) with a profile section (2) between two neighboring sections (3) adjacent along the profile axis, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile (1) in the profile section (2) is trapezoidal and tapers continuously and steadily from the designated outside bending side (BA) to the designated inside bending side (BI); and in view (b) a perspective and schematic representation of a 90° bent section of an extruded profile (1) with a consistently uniform rectangular cross-section after bending deformation in the profile section (2), the bending plane being the main axis of the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile (1) before and after the bend, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile (1) in the profile section (2) after the bend is adjusted to the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile (1) in the adjacent neighboring sections (3) and is also rectangular.
- Figur 6Figure 6
- zeigt schematisch Prozessketten zur Herstellung von Mehrfach-Strangprofilen bzw. Formbändern (P2a, P2b) durch Walzen von Bändern (P1a), Spalten (P3a, P3b) der Mehrfach-Strangprofile bzw. Formbänder zu Einzel-Strangprofilen bzw. Formbänden und anschließenden Hochkantwickeln/-biegen (P4). Alternativ lassen sich auch einzelne Formbänder (P2c) durch Drahtziehen aus rundem Querschnitt (P1b) realisieren.shows schematically process chains for the production of multiple extruded profiles or shaped strips (P2a, P2b) by rolling strips (P1a), splitting (P3a, P3b) of the multiple extruded profiles or shaped strips into individual extruded profiles or shaped strips and subsequent upright winding/- bend (P4). Alternatively, individual shaped strips (P2c) can also be made from a round cross-section (P1b) by wire drawing.
- Figur 7Figure 7
- zeigt eine Draufsicht (a), eine Vorderansicht (b) und eine Schnittansicht (c) eines geraden Strangprofils (1) mit einem Profilabschnitt (2) zwischen zwei entlang der Profilachse (A) benachbarten Nachbarabschnitten (3), wobei die Querschnittsform des Strangprofils (1) in dem Profilabschnitt (2) trapezförmig ist und sich von der designierten Biegeaußenseite (BA) zur designierten Biegeinnenseite (BI) kontinuierlich und stetig verjüngt.shows a top view (a), a front view (b) and a sectional view (c) of a straight extruded profile (1) with a profile section (2) between two adjacent sections (3) along the profile axis (A), the cross-sectional shape of the extruded profile ( 1) in the profile section (2) is trapezoidal and tapers continuously and steadily from the designated outside bending side (BA) to the designated inside bending side (BI).
Das bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen im Detail beschrieben.The preferred embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Biegeumformung von Strangprofilen 1 erfolgt im Wesentlichen in zwei Schritten, nämlich:
- Schritt A: Bereitstellen eines sich entlang einer Profilachse A erstreckenden Strangprofils 1 mit
wenigstens einem Profilabschnitt 2, in welchem der Flächenschwerpunkt F2 der Querschnittsform Q2 bezüglich der Profilachse A versetzt ist. - Schritt B: Biegeumformung des wenigstens einen Profilabschnitts 2', sodass der Flächenschwerpunkt F2' der Querschnittsform Q2` in Richtung der Profilachse A verlagert wird und mit der Profilachse A zusammenfällt.
- Step A: Providing an extruded
profile 1 extending along a profile axis A with at least oneprofile section 2, in which the center of gravity F2 of the cross-sectional shape Q2 is offset with respect to the profile axis A. - Step B: Bending of the at least one profile section 2', so that the center of gravity F2' of the cross-sectional shape Q2' is displaced in the direction of the profile axis A and coincides with the profile axis A.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der unvermeidlichen Querschnittsänderung des Strangprofils 1 im Profilabschnitt 2 aufgrund der Biegeumformung in Schritt B des Verfahrens dadurch entgegengewirkt, dass bereits in Schritt A eine komplementär angepasste Querschnittsform vorgehalten wird.According to the method according to the invention, the unavoidable cross-sectional change of the extruded
Bei einer sequenziellen Biegeumformung (Hochkantbiegung) ist die Querschnittsanpassung entsprechend lokal, bei einer kontinuierlichen Biegeumformung (Hochkantwicklung), insbesondere mit konstantem Biegeradius, entlang des gesamten Strangprofils 1 vorzusehen. In dem Profilabschnitt 2 wird eine entsprechende Materialaufdickung vorgenommen, die beim Biegen so verändert wird, dass nach dem Biegen wie in den benachbarten Nachbarabschnitten 3 bzw. zwischen den Biegungen die gewünschte ideal rechteckige Querschnittsform Q2` vorliegt.In the case of a sequential bending deformation (upright bending), the cross-sectional adjustment must be provided accordingly locally, in the case of a continuous bending deformation (upright bending), in particular with a constant bending radius, along the entire
Im Folgenden werden die bevorzugten Anwendungsfälle der beanspruchten Erfindung, nämlich Hochkantbiegen und Hochkantwickeln, im Einzelnen betrachtet:The preferred applications of the claimed invention, namely upright bending and upright winding, are examined in detail below:
In
Wie insbesondere in
Wie in
Wie durch die Strichlinie in
Durch die Biegeumformung, z.B. durch Walzen, wird die Querschnittsform Q2' des Strangprofils 1 im Profilabschnitt 2' von trapezförmig zu rechteckig verändert, sodass sich die Ober- und Unterseiten der Querschnittsform Q2` nach der Biegeumformung exakt parallel zueinander und ggf. exakt parallel zur Biegeebene B erstrecken. Dabei wird die Querschnittsform Q2' des Strangprofils 1 im Profilabschnitt 2 an die Querschnittsform Q3 des Strangprofils 1 in den angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitten 3 angeglichen, sodass die Querschnittsform Q2', Q3 des Strangprofils 1 nach der Biegeumformung sowohl im Profilabschnitt 2 als auch den daran angrenzenden Nachbarabschnitten 3 rechteckig ist und die Hauptachse der Querschnittsform Q2 des Strangprofils 1 im Profilabschnitt 2 in der Biegeebene B verläuft. Das Biegezentrum bzw. der Biege-/Krümmungsmittelpunkt liegt im vorliegenden Fall sehr dicht an der Biegeinnenseite BI`, wobei der Biegeradius im Profilabschnitt 2' vergleichsweise klein ist und im Bereich von 50% bis ca. 100% der Abmessung der Querschnittsform Q2` in der Biegeebene B liegt.As a result of the bending deformation, for example by rolling, the cross-sectional shape Q2' of the extruded
Bei der Biegeumformung in Schritt B wird der Flächenschwerpunkt F2 der Querschnittsform Q2 um den Betrag ΔFS in Richtung der Profilachse A verlagert, sodass der Flächenschwerpunkt F2' der umgeformten Querschnittsform Q2` - ebenso wie der Flächenschwerpunkt F3 der Querschnittsform Q3 in den Nachbarabschnitten 3 - nach Schritt B idealerweise mit der Profilachse A zusammenfällt.During the bending deformation in step B, the center of gravity F2 of the cross-sectional shape Q2 is shifted by the amount ΔFS in the direction of the profile axis A, so that the center of gravity F2' of the formed cross-sectional shape Q2' - as well as the center of gravity F3 of the cross-sectional shape Q3 in the neighboring sections 3 - after step B ideally coincides with the profile axis A.
Während die Profilachse A des Strangprofils 1 vor Schritt B eine Gerade bildet, umfasst das Strangprofil 1 nach Schritt B einen in der Biegeebene B gebogenen Profilabschnitt 2' zwischen zwei geraden Nachbarabschnitten 3. Bei einer Hochkantbiegung umfasst das biegeverformte Strangprofil 1' mehrere gebogene Profilabschnitte 2', die sich jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Nachbarabschnitten 3 erstrecken. Eine beispielhafte Spule, die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt ist, umfasst mehrere Windungen mit jeweils z.B. vier um 90° gebogenen Profilabschnitten 2', die sich mit geraden Nachbarabschnitten 3 abwechseln, wobei sich die Windungen des Strangprofils 1 entlang der Wicklungsachse, d.h. senkrecht zur Biegeebene, flächig kontaktieren. Zur Realisierung der lokalen bzw. kontinuierlichen Materialanhäufung, die zu einem Versatz des Flächenschwerpunkts der Querschnittsform Q2 im Profilabschnitt 2 zur designierten Biegeaußenseite BA führt, lassen sich verschiedene Verfahren einsetzen:
- Urformen
- Gießen
- Stranggießen mit sequentiellen Materialanhäufungen
- Strangpressen mit unterschiedlichen Querschnitten (aktive Matrize)
- generative Verfahren (SLM, selective laser melting, Sintern)
- Umformen
- Schmieden
- freies Anstauchen
- Anstauchen im Gesenk
- Drahtziehen (mit aktiver Matrize)
- Trennen, Abtragen
- Fräsen (Trennen mit definierter Schneide)
- Schleifen (Trennen mit Undefinierter Schneide)
- Ätzen (Trennen durch chemische und oder elektrische Wirkung).
- Original forms
- Pour
- Continuous casting with sequential material accumulations
- Extrusion with different cross sections (active die)
- generative processes (SLM, selective laser melting, sintering)
- Reshaping
- Forge
- free upsetting
- Upsetting in the die
- Wire drawing (with active die)
- Separating, removing
- Milling (cutting with a defined cutting edge)
- Grinding (cutting with undefined cutting edge)
- Etching (separating through chemical and/or electrical action).
Das Biegen selbst kann auf unterschiedliche Weise erfolgen. Zum Beispiel durch:
- Rotationszugbiegen
- Rotationszugbiegen mit überlagerter axialer Zugspannung
- Rotationszugbiegen mit überlagerter Pressung durch flache Backen
- Rotationszugbiegen mit überlagerter Pressung durch pendelnde Walzen (Axialgesenkwalzen)
- Flachwalzen der Materialanhäufung.
- Rotary draw bending
- Rotational tensile bending with superimposed axial tensile stress
- Rotary draw bending with superimposed pressing by flat jaws
- Rotary draw bending with superimposed pressing by oscillating rolls (axial die rolls)
- Flattening the material accumulation.
Der wichtigste Vorteil beim Hochkantbiegen von elektrisch leitfähigen Strangprofilen für Formspulen ist die Erreichung des gewünschten ideal rechteckigen Querschnitts und des damit verbundenen hohen Füllgrads sowie des großflächigen Kontakts zur verbesserten Wärmeabfuhr zwischen den Einzelwindungen und der äußeren Umgebung. Mit dem Füllgrad und der verbesserten Wärmeabfuhr erhöht sich die realisierbare Leistungsdichte, und der Materialeinsatz für gleiche Performance wird minimiert.The most important advantage of edge-bending electrically conductive extruded profiles for shaped coils is the achievement of the desired ideally rectangular cross-section and the associated high degree of filling as well as large-area contact for improved heat dissipation between the individual turns and the external environment. With the degree of filling and the improved heat dissipation, the achievable power density increases and the use of materials for the same performance is minimized.
Je nach Kombination der Verfahren zur Herstellung der Materialanhäufung und der Realisierung der Biegung kann dies flexibel erfolgen. Vorteil hierbei ist, dass so unterschiedlich große Spulen mit verschiedenen Windungszahlen gefertigt werden können. Es wird je Leiterquerschnitt und Biegeradius nur ein Satz an Gesenk-, Form- und Klemmbacken benötigt, und damit kann eine große Bandbreite an Spulen gefertigt werden. Prototypen und kleine Stückzahlen lassen sich so wirtschaftlich produzieren.Depending on the combination of the methods for producing the material accumulation and the realization of the bend, this can be done flexibly. The advantage here is that coils of different sizes with different numbers of turns can be manufactured. Only one set of dies, molds and clamping jaws is required for each conductor cross section and bending radius, meaning a wide range of coils can be manufactured. Prototypes and small quantities can be produced economically.
Für Hochkantwicklungen kann das Strangprofil 1 gänzlich im Strangpressverfahren mit einer entlang der Profilachse A konstanten Querschnittsform hergestellt werden, wie nachstehend mit Bezug auf
Der wichtigste Vorteil beim Hochkantwickeln von Blechbändern zu runden Blechpaketen ist die erreichbare Materialeinsparung. Gegenüber dem Stanzen von Einzelringen aus Blechstreifen, wo nur wenige einzelne Prozente des eingesetzten Materials genutzt werden, lässt sich beim Hochkantwickeln das Bandmaterial nahezu vollständig nutzen. Materialausnutzungsgrade von über 90% sind erreichbar.The most important advantage when winding sheet metal strips upright to form round sheet metal packages is the material savings that can be achieved. Compared to punching individual rings from sheet metal strips, where only a few percent of the material used is used, the strip material can be used almost completely when winding upright. Material utilization levels of over 90% can be achieved.
Mittels geringen apparativen Aufwands lässt sich das Materialgefüge in der Biegung analysieren und so nachweisen, mit welchen Verfahren dieser Bereich gefertigt wird. Wird ein gebogener Runddraht P1b, wie beispielsweise in
Hauptanwendungsgebiete der Erfindung sind elektrische Maschinen (Generatoren, Motoren, Transformatoren) und Komponenten (Spulen, Drosseln). Weiterhin lässt sich die Erfindung überall dort vorteilhaft anwenden, wo flache Profile um enge Radien gebogen werden müssen und die übliche Änderung des Querschnitts zu Nachteilen führt. Ein solches Anwendungsfeld ist beispielsweise das Wickeln von Blechpaketen elektrischer Maschinen aus Bändern von Elektroblech. Durch die üblicherweise Änderung des Querschnitts wird dieser trapezförmig und ist damit für eine Stapelung ungeeignet und ebenso für ein Verbacken der Lagen mittels dünner Schichten.The main areas of application of the invention are electrical machines (generators, motors, transformers) and components (coils, chokes). Furthermore, the invention can be used advantageously wherever flat profiles have to be bent around narrow radii and the usual change in the cross section leads to disadvantages. One such field of application is, for example, the winding of laminated cores of electrical machines from strips of electrical sheet metal. Due to the usual change in the cross-section, it becomes trapezoidal and is therefore unsuitable for stacking and also for baking the layers using thin layers.
- 11
- Strangprofil (vor Biegeumformung im Profilabschnitt)Extruded profile (before bending in the profile section)
- 1a-c1a-c
- Abschnitte des Strangprofils (vor Biegeumformung) - STAND DER TECHNIKSections of the extruded profile (before bending) - STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
- 1'1'
- Strangprofil (nach Biegeumformung im Profilabschnitt)Extruded profile (after bending in the profile section)
- 22
- Profilabschnitt (vor Biegeumformung)Profile section (before bending)
- 2'2'
- Profilabschnitt (nach Biegeumformung)Profile section (after bending forming)
- 33
- NachbarabschnittNeighboring section
- AA
- ProfilachseProfile axis
- Bb
- Biegeebenebending plane
- BAB.A
- Biegeaußenseite (vor Biegeumformung)Bending outside (before bending forming)
- BA'BA'
- Biegeaußenseite (nach Biegeumformung)Bending outside (after bending forming)
- BIBI
- Biegeinnenseite (vor Biegeumformung)Inside bending side (before bending forming)
- BI'BI'
- Biegeinnenseite (nach Biegeumformung)Bending inside (after bending forming)
- F2F2
- Flächenschwerpunkt (vor Biegeumformung)Center of gravity (before bending forming)
- F2`F2`
- Flächenschwerpunkt (nach Biegeumformung)Center of gravity (after bending forming)
- HH
- Höhe Einzelwindung (vor Biegeumformung) - STAND DER TECHNIKHeight of individual winding (before bending) - STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
- H'H'
- Höhe Einzelwindung (nach Biegeumformung) - STAND DER TECHNIKHeight of individual turns (after bending) - STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
- LL
- Läufer - STAND DER TECHNIKRunner - STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
- NF`,"NF`,"
- Neutrale Faser (Biegung mit/ohne überlagerte Zugspannung)- STAND DER TECHNIKNeutral fiber (bending with/without superimposed tensile stress) - STATE OF THE ART
- Querschnittsform Einzelwindung (vor Biegeumformung) - STAND DER TECHNIKCross-sectional shape of single turn (before bending) - STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
- Q`,"Q`,"
- Querschnittsform Einzelwindung (nach Biegeumformung) - STAND DER TECHNIKCross-sectional shape of single winding (after bending forming) - STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
- Q2Q2
- Querschnittsform im Profilabschnitt (vor Biegeumformung)Cross-sectional shape in the profile section (before bending forming)
- Q2`Q2`
- Querschnittsform im Profilabschnitt (nach Biegeumformung)Cross-sectional shape in the profile section (after bending forming)
- Q3Q3
- Querschnittsform im NachbarabschnittCross-sectional shape in the neighboring section
Claims (13)
- Method for bending extruded profiled elements (1), comprising the steps:a. Step A: Providing an extruded profile (1) extending along a profile axis (A) with at least one profile section (2) in which the center of area (F2) of the cross-sectional shape (Q2) is offset with respect to the profile axis (A).b. Step B: Bending of the at least one profile section (2') such that the center of area (F2') of the cross-sectional shape (Q2') is shifted in the direction of the profile axis (A) toward the inner side of the bending facing the center of curvature of the bending, and preferably coincides with the profile axis (A),characterised in that the profile section (2) is arranged between two neighbouring sections (3) adjacent along the profile axis (A) wherein in step B the cross-sectional shape (Q2) of the extruded profile (1) in the profile section (2) is aligned exactly or substantially to the cross-sectional shape (Q3) of the extruded profile (1) in the neighbouring sections.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape (Q2) of the extruded profile (1) provided in step A is tapered in the profile section (2), is tapered preferably continuously and/or linearly, wherein this cross-sectional shape (Q2) most preferably is symmetrical and/or trapezoidal.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the area of the cross-sectional shape (Q2, Q2') of the extruded profile (1) is reduced in the profile section (2, 2') in step B, wherein the relation of the dimension of this cross-sectional shape (Q2 , Q2') in the bending plane (B) to the dimension of this cross-sectional shape (Q2, Q2') perpendicular to the bending plane (B) preferably increases, wherein the dimension of this cross-sectional shape (Q2, Q2') in the bending plane (B) preferably remains constant and/or the dimension of this cross-sectional shape (Q2) perpendicular to the bending plane (B) is reduced, with the main axis of this cross-sectional shape (Q2) most preferably running in the bending plane (B) before and/or after bending.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape (Q2') of the extruded profile (1) in the profile section (2, 2') in step B is changed such that after step B two sides thereof extend exactly or substantially in parallel to each other and/or exactly or substantially in parallel to the bending plane (B), wherein this cross-sectional shape (Q2') after step B is preferably rectangular and/or symmetrical to the bending plane (B), wherein preferably before and/or after step B the dimension of this cross-sectional shape (Q2, Q2') in the bending plane (B) is greater than the dimension perpendicular to the bending plane (B).
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape (Q2) of the extruded profile (1) in the profile section (2) is made by material application and/or material removal, preferably starting from an extruded profile (1) having a cross-sectional shape that is constant along its profile axis (A).
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape (Q3) of the extruded profile (1) in the neighbouring sections (3) adjacent to the profile section (2) is preferably rectangular with respect to the profile axis (A) before and/or after step B.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the extruded profile (1) provided in step A the offset of the center of area (F2) of the cross-sectional shape (Q2) with respect to the profile axis (A) is uniform in the course along the profile axis (A) between the neighbouring sections (3) adjacent to the profile section (2) over the whole profile section (2) or at least a part of the profile section (2), wherein the offset preferably starting from one of the adjacent neighbouring sections (3) increases, and leading to the other one of the adjacent neighbouring sections (3) decreases.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extruded profile (1) provided in step A is preferably made in the extrusion process with a cross-sectional shape which is mirror symmetrical with respect to two planes perpendicular to one another, preferably in the form of two mirror symmetrical trapezoids, which are connected to one another along their shorter or longer parallel sides, wherein the extruded profile (1) preferably is separated subsequently along a plane of symmetry in order to include the cross-sectional shape specified in step A in at least one profile section (2).
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bending radius of the bending in step B in the profile section (2) is in the range of 0 to 500%, preferably 0 to 200%, more preferably 0 to 100% of the dimension of the cross-sectional shape in the bending plane (B).
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bending of the extruded profile (1) in the profile section (2) carried out in step B is done by rolling.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile axis (A) of the extruded profile (1) forms a straight line before step B and/or a winding with at least one turn after step B.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in step B the profile section (2) is bent over the shortest side of its cross-sectional shape (Q2).
- Method for producing an electro-technical coil by bending an electrically conductive extruded profile (1) by the method according to any of the preceding claims, such that the extruded profile (1) preferably includes a cross-sectional shape that is uniform along the profile axis (A) and/or a bending radius that is uniform along the profile axis (A) or alternately straight and curved sections, wherein the turns of the extruded profile (1) preferably contact each other substantially perpendicularly to the bending plane with their surfaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016224837.5A DE102016224837A1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | Method for bending deformation of extruded profiles |
| PCT/EP2017/082648 WO2018109017A1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | Method for bending extruded profiled elements |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3554730A1 EP3554730A1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
| EP3554730B1 true EP3554730B1 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
| EP3554730C0 EP3554730C0 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
Family
ID=61027648
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17835609.3A Active EP3554730B1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | Method for bending extruded profiled elements |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3554730B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016224837A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018109017A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017209792B4 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2023-10-05 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Semi-finished product for an electrotechnical coil and method and device for producing the same |
| DE102020210862A1 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Process for manufacturing a laminated core for a rotor or a stator |
| CN114850262B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-10-01 | 浙江西子势必锐航空工业有限公司 | An L-shaped aluminum profile roll bending system and roll bending process thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016175179A1 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Rolling device, curving method, and curving material |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT192729B (en) * | 1955-01-12 | 1957-10-25 | Elin Ag Elek Ind Wien | Method and device for the production of flat, planar rings or bends |
| DE1037574B (en) | 1955-09-12 | 1958-08-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Laminated core, especially for stands for small electric motors, the lamellae of which consist of a sheet metal strip wound on edge |
| US2845555A (en) | 1955-09-12 | 1958-07-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Motors |
| CH494604A (en) * | 1968-08-10 | 1970-08-15 | Haeusler Christian | Round machine for producing a cone from sheet metal in the shape of a circular ring segment |
| US3708706A (en) | 1970-10-13 | 1973-01-02 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Magnetic core elements for rotating electrical machines |
| JPS53801A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1978-01-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacturing method of wound stator core |
| DE2705206A1 (en) | 1977-02-08 | 1978-08-10 | Novikov | Wound magnetic strip elements - with corrugations on outside of straight strip straightened by bending on edge |
| US4322879A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1982-04-06 | Warchol Henry A | Bearing components and methods of making same |
| JPH1119745A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-26 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Ring manufacturing method and ring manufacturing apparatus |
| DE10358693A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2005-07-14 | Siemens Ag | General purpose electrical machine, has stator and rotor with laminated design |
| DE102004003681A1 (en) * | 2004-01-24 | 2005-08-11 | Klingelnberg Ag | Bending device with pendulum rollers |
| JP4831125B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2011-12-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Winding method, winding device, and stator |
| KR20120130324A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2012-11-30 | 더 팀켄 컴퍼니 | Unified rolling and bending process for large roller bearing cages |
-
2016
- 2016-12-13 DE DE102016224837.5A patent/DE102016224837A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-12-13 WO PCT/EP2017/082648 patent/WO2018109017A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2017-12-13 EP EP17835609.3A patent/EP3554730B1/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016175179A1 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Rolling device, curving method, and curving material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3554730C0 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
| WO2018109017A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| EP3554730A1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
| DE102016224837A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
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