EP3499092B1

EP3499092B1 - Low profile gearbox with secondary sump

Info

Publication number: EP3499092B1
Application number: EP18203259.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Mr. Herbert M. Farley; Dan Garland; Thamilselvan Karuppannan; Nicholas J. Laufenberg; Nathaniel Smith; Matthew Flannery
Original assignee: CNH Industrial Belgium NV
Current assignee: CNH Industrial Belgium NV
Priority date: 2017-12-15
Filing date: 2018-10-30
Publication date: 2022-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-30
Also published as: BR102018076072B1; US20190186619A1; BR102018076072A2; EP3499092A1; AR113636A1; US10830335B2

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains to a gearbox for use in agricultural vehicles and, more specifically, in a header of agricultural vehicles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Work vehicles, including agricultural vehicles such as combines, windrowers, or tractors, can include a power shaft for operably translating power from a prime mover, e.g. an engine, to a driven component. Agricultural vehicles can include a power shaft that is operably coupled to a header to drive the working components of the header. Typical headers may include one or more cutter bar(s) for removing the crop material from a field, stalk rollers, choppers, gathering chains, a conveyor for transporting the crop material to the feeder housing, and/or a reel.
In regard to harvesting corn, a header known as a "corn head" generally includes snouts, row units, a conveyor, and accompanying drive architecture to power the header. The snouts are conically shaped to pass in between the rows of corn, defining a designated passageway for the rows of corn to travel therein. The row units generally include gathering chains and stalk rolls, positioned beneath the gathering chains. Each row unit also includes respective gear boxes to drive the gathering chains and stalk rolls. Generally, the respective gear boxes are all driven by a single rotating cross shaft, which in turn is driven by the drives located at each lateral end of the header. A drive shaft, powered by the power take off (PTO) of the agricultural vehicle, generally extends outwardly across the rear of the header to connect to the drives at the lateral ends of the corn header. The conveyor is disposed aft of the row units and it may be in the form of a conveyor belt, an auger with a tubular shaft having left and right flighting, or a combination of both. As the agricultural vehicle traverses the field, the corn stalks are pulled inwardly by the gathering chains and downwardly by the stalk rolls. This motion causes the ears of corn to forcefully hit the base of the header and thereby snap off their respective stalk. The gathering chains additionally help to move the ears of corn inwardly toward the conveyor, which transports the ears of corn to the center of the header for entry into the feeder house. The stripped corn stalks are further pinched and crushed by the stalk rolls in order to accelerate the decomposition process of the stalks. The header may also include chopping units that have reciprocating blades located beneath the stalk rolls to chop the stalks, leaves, and other debris (also known as material other than grain "MOG") to more easily incorporate the remaining residue in subsequent tillage practices.
Each chopping unit may respectively be driven by gear boxes, which are all driven by an additional rotating cross shaft that is operably coupled to the power shaft of the agricultural vehicle.
Gearboxes in a header usually operate in strict vertical space constraints, especially chopper gearboxes which drive the chopping units beneath the row units. Due to such design constraints, conventional gearboxes may have a limited oil capacity and thereby an inefficient cooling system to remove heat from within the gearboxes. The suboptimal heat dissipation can cause a substantial reduction of the life of the oil and/or the operational life of the gearbox. This may cause increased operational cost as an operator may need to more frequently change the oil in the gearboxes and/or replace the gearbox entirely.
It is known to cool a motor using lubricating oil which was splashed from an oil sump by a driven gear and stored in an oil storage chamber. U.S. Patent No. 7,059,443 to Kira discloses a rear wheel driving unit for a hybrid vehicle that includes an oil catch tank and a slinger oil storage chamber, which are each located within the casing and respectively store splashed oil from an oil sump by a driven gear of the differential. To cool the motor, the oil is supplied from the oil catch tank to an oil passage in a main shaft leading to the inside of a motor shaft by gravitational force. As shown in Fig. 5, the oil catch tank is positioned above the slinger chamber, and the oil splashed from the slinger chamber by the slinger is supplied to the oil passage to effectively cool the motor using the lubricating oil from the differential. U.S. Patent No. 4,630,711 discloses a gearbox with an external lubricating device attached to its housing. JP 2007 315553 discloses air-cooled gearing. EP 3 330 574 discloses an active oil management system for axles. EP 3 299 670 discloses a gear and use of a ring cooler.
What is needed in the art is a gearbox which can efficiently dissipate heat when operating in a vertically constrained space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The subject-matter of independent claim 1 provides a solution to the above problem. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are laid down in the dependent claims.
In an embodiment provided in accordance with the present invention, an agricultural vehicle includes a frame, a prime mover supported by the frame, and a header connected to the frame. The header includes at least one drive line operably connected to the prime mover and driven by the prime mover. The header also includes at least one transmission operably coupled to the at least one drive line, at least one rotating cross shaft operably coupled to the at least one transmission, and at least one gearbox operably connected to the at least one rotating cross shaft. The at least one gearbox includes a housing connected to the header and configured for housing a working fluid. The housing has an inlet, an outlet, and an end. The at least one gearbox also includes a gear train housed within the housing and an auxiliary sump connected to the end of the housing and fluidly coupled to the inlet and the outlet of the housing such that the working fluid circulates through the housing and the auxiliary sump.
In another embodiment provided in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a gearbox for use in a work vehicle. The gearbox includes a housing configured for housing a working fluid. The housing has an inlet, an outlet, and an end. The at least one gearbox also includes a gear train housed within the housing and an auxiliary sump connected to the end of the housing and fluidly coupled to the inlet and the outlet of the housing such that the working fluid circulates through the housing and the auxiliary sump.
An advantage of the embodiment of the present invention is that the additional oil volume of the auxiliary sump allows the oil change interval to be extended.
Another advantage of the embodiment of the present invention is that the auxiliary sump increases the cooling surface area of the gearbox and thereby the auxiliary sump maintains the oil within the gearbox at a lower operating temperature, which extends the life of the oil and the life of the gearbox.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For the purpose of illustration, there are shown in the drawings certain embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements, dimensions, and instruments shown. Like numerals indicate like elements throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an agricultural vehicle, the agricultural vehicle comprising a header with a gearbox, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates the gearbox of the header of FIG. 1, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the gearbox taken across line 3-3 in FIG. 2, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, there is shown a work vehicle 10 which has a frame 12, a prime mover 14, e.g. an engine 14, supported by the frame 12, and an attachment 100 connected to the frame 12. The work vehicle 10 may be in form of a construction vehicle, a military vehicle, or an agricultural vehicle. The agricultural vehicle 10 may be in the form of a combine harvester 10.
The attachment 100 is in the form of a header 100 coupled to the combine harvester 10. The header 100 may be in the form of any desired header 100, such as a corn header 100 which may generally include snouts, row units, choppers, a conveyor, and accompanying drive architecture to power the header 100. The header (100) includes one or more drive line(s) 102A, 102B, transmission(s) 104A, 104B, rotating cross shaft(s) 106A, 106B, and gearbox(es) 110 for driving each row unit and/or chopping blade of the header 100. The drive line(s) 102A, 102B may be operably coupled to and driven by the prime mover 14 via a respective PTO shaft of the agricultural vehicle 10. The transmission(s) 104A, 104B may be respectively and operably coupled to the drive lines 102A, 102B. The cross shaft(s) 106A, 106B may be operably coupled to the transmission(s) 104A, 104B, respectively. The drive lines 102A, 102B, the transmissions 104A, 104B, and the cross shafts 106A, 106B may respectively drive the row units and choppers of the header 100 in a known manner.
The gearboxes 110 are operably connected to the rotating cross shaft 106B. In this regard, for example, the gearboxes 110 may be in the form of chopper gearboxes 110 for driving the chopping blades of the header 100. Each gearbox 110 includes a housing 111 which may be connected to the header 100 by way of fasteners (not shown) extending through attachment points 112. Each gearbox 110 also includes a gear train 113 housed within the housing 111 (FIG. 3), an auxiliary sump 114 fluidly connected to the housing 111, and may include a sump return line 115 fluidly connected in between the auxiliary sump 114 and the housing 111.
The housing 111 has a front end 111A, a rear end 111B, and an exterior housing surface. The housing 111 may be in the form of a two-part housing 111 which houses the gear train 113. The housing 111 may at least partially be filled with a working fluid, such as oil. The housing 111 includes an outlet and an inlet to fluidly connect the auxiliary sump 114. For instance, the outlet may be located at the bottom surface of the rear end 111B, and the auxiliary sump 114 is fluidly coupled to the outlet so that the working fluid can travel from the gear train 113 to the auxiliary sump 114. The inlet of the housing may be located near the bottom of the sidewall 111S, and the sump return line 115 may be fluidly coupled to the inlet so that the working fluid can travel back into the housing 111. The housing 111 may additionally include a fill port 116, one or more lube port(s) 117, and a gerotor inlet and outlet 118, 119 for coupling to a gerotor (not shown). The rear end 111B of the housing 111 extends outwardly such that it may form an extruded, narrow plank portion 111B, which may have an approximately rectangular cross-section. The bottom surface of the extruded end portion 111B may be parallel with the bottom surface of the housing 111. It should be appreciated that the sidewall 111S may be straight or slanted and thereby the rear end 111B, which is adjacent thereto, may extend outwardly at a right or obtuse angle relative to the sidewall 111S of the housing 111. It should also be appreciated that either the front end 111A or the rear end 111B extends outwardly and may form an extruded portion in order to the auxiliary sump 114.
The auxiliary sump 114 has an exterior sump surface, may have multiple fins 120, and a drain plug 121. The auxiliary sump 114 is fluidly connected to the housing 111 such that may increase the overall surface area for efficiently dissipating heat from the oil within the housing 111 and auxiliary sump 114. As shown, a top end of the auxiliary sump 114 is fluidly connected to the inlet of the housing 111 at an underside of the rear end 111B of the housing 111B. In this regard, the auxiliary sump 114 is in the form of exterior auxiliary sump 114 such that it is mounted on the exterior surface of the housing 111. This allows the auxiliary sump 114 to be located at a distance away from the sidewall 111S of the housing 111, which forms a gap 122 between the sidewall 111S of the housing 111 and the auxiliary sump 114. The gap 122 separates and protects the auxiliary sump 114 from the gear train 113. This allows the full perimeter, e.g. each side, of the auxiliary sump 114 to efficiently release heat. Additionally, the gap 122 allows for increased airflow which further increases the efficiency of the reduction of heat. The auxiliary sump 114 increases the overall oil within the gearbox 110, and the oil level within the auxiliary sump 114 may be higher than the level of oil within the gear train 113. As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface of the auxiliary sump 114 may sit above the bottom surface of the housing 111. Additionally, as shown, the auxiliary sump 114 is in the shape of a cylinder 114 extending downwardly and perpendicular to the rear end 111B of the housing 111. The plurality of fins 120 may extend vertically along a length of the cylinder 114. However, the auxiliary sump 114 may be in the form of any shape, for example, a rectangle, a hexagon, etc., and the fins 120 may be of any desired shape and size and may be affixed to the auxiliary sump 114 in any desirable orientation. Further, the housing 111 and/or the auxiliary sump 114 may include additional fins 120 on any or all of its respective surfaces.
The auxiliary sump 114 is configured for being filled with oil by gear splash from the gear train 113 and/or pumping oil from the gear train 113 to the auxiliary sump 114 via a pump disposed in the housing 111 or auxiliary sump 114 (not shown). It should be appreciated that oil may return from the auxiliary sump 114 to the housing 111 by gravity or the pump (not shown). The flow of oil between the area of the gear train 113 and the auxiliary sump 114 may be controlled by various orifice sizes in the return line 115, deflectors on the gear splash, or by a pump displacing oil therebetween. The flow of oil may be fixed or adjustable dependent upon the temperature of the oil. It is conceivable that the auxiliary sump 114 may be a defined area within the housing 111 or may be remotely mounted away from the housing 111 with a fluid line connecting the auxiliary sump 114 and the housing 111.
The sump return line 115 may be fluidly connected to the housing 111 and the auxiliary sump 114 (FIG. 3). More particularly, the sump return line 115 is fluidly connected in between the inlet of the housing 111 and the auxiliary sump 114 such that the working fluid circulates through the housing 111, the auxiliary sump 114, and the sump return line 115. The sump return line 115 may be in the form of an exterior sump return line 115 which has an exterior return line surface. In other words, the sump return line 115 may not be housed within the housing 111 or the auxiliary sump 114. In this regard, the sump return line 115 additionally increases the cooling capacity of the gearbox 110. The sump return line 115 may connect to the lower end of the sidewall 111S of the housing 111 to the lower end of the auxiliary sump 114.

Claims

A gearbox (110) for use in a work vehicle, comprising:
a housing (111) configured for housing a working fluid,

said housing (111) having an exterior housing surface, an inlet, an outlet, an end (111B) and a sidewall (111S) adjacent to said end (111B);

a gear train (113) housed within the housing (111); and

an auxiliary sump (114) connected to the end (111B) of the housing (111), fluidly coupled to the outlet of the housing (111) so that the working fluid can travel from the gear train (113) to the auxiliary sump, and fluidly coupled to the inlet of the housing (111) so that the working fluid can travel back from the auxiliary sump (114) into the housing (111) such that the working fluid circulates through the housing (111) and the auxiliary sump (114), said auxiliary sump (114) having an exterior sump surface by which the auxiliary sump (114) is affixed to the exterior housing surface of the housing (111),

the gearbox being characterised in that said end (111B) of the housing (111) extends outwardly such that there is a gap (122) between the sidewall (111S) of the housing (111) and the auxiliary sump (114), thereby allowing each side of the auxiliary sump 114 to efficiently release heat.
The gearbox (110) of any of the preceding claims, wherein said outlet is located at a bottom surface of the end (111B) of the housing (111).
The gearbox (110) of any of the preceding claims, further including a sump return line (115) fluidly connected between the inlet of the housing (111) and the auxiliary sump (114) such that the working fluid circulates through the housing (111), the auxiliary sump (114), and the sump return line (115).
The gearbox (110) of claim 3, wherein said sump return line (115) is an exterior sump return line (115) which has an exterior return line surface.
The gearbox (110) of claim 1, wherein said housing (111) has a bottom surface, and said auxiliary sump (114) has a bottom surface which is positioned above the bottom surface of the housing (111).
The gearbox (110) of any of the preceding claims, wherein said auxiliary sump (114) is configured for being filled with the working fluid by at least one of gear splash from said gear train (113) and pumping the working fluid by a pump of the gearbox from the gear train (113) to the auxiliary sump (114).
The gearbox (110) of any of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one gearbox (110) is in the form of a chopper gearbox (110).
The gearbox (110) of any of the preceding claims, wherein said auxiliary sump (114) includes a plurality of fins (120) for dissipating a heat from within the auxiliary sump (114).
An agricultural vehicle (10), comprising:
a frame (12);

a prime mover (14) supported by the frame (12); and

a header (100) connected to the frame (12), and including:
at least one drive line (102B) operably connected to the prime mover (14) and driven by the prime mover (14);

at least one transmission (104B) operably coupled to said at least one drive line (102B);

at least one rotating cross shaft (106B) operably coupled to said at least one transmission (104B); and

characterized by:
at least one gearbox (110) according to any of the preceding claims, said at least one gearbox (110) being operably connected to said at least one rotating cross shaft (106B).