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EP3494038B1 - Système de propulsion de sous-marin - Google Patents

Système de propulsion de sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3494038B1
EP3494038B1 EP17717144.4A EP17717144A EP3494038B1 EP 3494038 B1 EP3494038 B1 EP 3494038B1 EP 17717144 A EP17717144 A EP 17717144A EP 3494038 B1 EP3494038 B1 EP 3494038B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submarine
electric machine
drive shaft
transmission
propulsion system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17717144.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3494038C0 (fr
EP3494038A1 (fr
Inventor
Burkhard Pinnekamp
Tobias Kleinheinz
Dietrich Wittekind
Franz HOPPE
Thomas Schmidbauer
Bernhard Vollmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renk GmbH
Original Assignee
Renk GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3494038A1 publication Critical patent/EP3494038A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3494038C0 publication Critical patent/EP3494038C0/fr
Publication of EP3494038B1 publication Critical patent/EP3494038B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/08—Propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B63G8/34—Camouflage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • B63H2023/245—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric with two or more electric motors directly acting on a single drive shaft, e.g. plurality of electric rotors mounted on one common shaft, or plurality of electric motors arranged coaxially one behind the other with rotor shafts coupled together

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a submarine propulsion system.
  • Submarine propulsion systems are already known in practice that have a drive shaft, a drive propeller coupled to the drive shaft, and an electric machine to drive the drive shaft.
  • the electric machine of a submarine propulsion system is coupled directly or immediately to the drive shaft.
  • the electric machine is used for both full-load operation and partial-load operation. Partial-load operation in particular results in efficiency disadvantages.
  • relatively large electric machines must be used.
  • GB 168,834 discloses a ship propulsion system which has two electric motors with different power ratings.
  • a ship propulsion system in which an electric machine is indirectly coupled to a drive shaft via a gearbox.
  • a gearbox By interposing a gearbox between the electric machine and the drive shaft, smaller, lighter and more cost-effective electric machines can be used, especially since the electric machine can then be operated at a higher speed than the required speed of the drive shaft or the drive propeller driven by the drive shaft.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a novel submarine propulsion system.
  • a main drive having at least one first electrical machine is designed for full-load operation and is or can be coupled to the drive shaft on the drive side
  • an additional drive having at least one second electrical machine is designed for partial-load operation for creeping and/or diving of the submarine and is also coupled or can be coupled to the drive shaft on the drive side.
  • the submarine drive system therefore has at least two electrical machines.
  • the or each first electrical machine is designed for full-load operation and is used in full-load operation and below.
  • the or each second electrical machine is designed for partial-load operation and is used in partial-load operation. In this way, efficiency disadvantages in partial-load operation can be avoided by the or each second electrical machine specially adapted to partial-load operation.
  • the or each first electrical machine designed for full-load operation is or can be coupled indirectly or indirectly to the drive shaft on the drive side via a first gear
  • the or each second electrical machine designed for partial-load operation is or can be coupled directly or immediately or indirectly or indirectly or indirectly via the first gear or indirectly or indirectly via a second gear to the drive shaft on the drive side.
  • the or every second electrical machine is mounted or supported on the first gear and is supported together with the or every first electrical machine and the first gear on a foundation of the submarine.
  • an elastic compensating coupling is preferably connected between an output of the first gear and a thrust bearing of the drive shaft. This first variant is particularly suitable for submarine drive systems.
  • the or each second electrical machine is supported on a foundation of the submarine directly or indirectly via the second gear unit, independently of the or each first electrical machine and the first gear unit.
  • the second variant of the invention is also particularly suitable for submarine propulsion systems, with the second variant of the invention having advantages in terms of the installation space required.
  • an elastic compensating coupling is preferably connected between the second electric machine or an output of the second transmission and a thrust bearing or axial bearing of the drive shaft.
  • the elastic compensating coupling can be smaller than in the first variant.
  • the thrust bearing of the drive shaft is preferably also integrated into the first transmission. The integration of the thrust bearing into the first transmission in the second variant of the invention results in further installation space advantages.
  • Fig. 1 to 5 show different embodiments of submarine propulsion systems 1 according to the invention.
  • All submarine propulsion systems 1 of the Fig. 1 to 5 is common that they have a drive shaft 2, a drive propeller 3 coupled to the drive shaft 2 and several electrical machines 4, 5.
  • At least one first electrical machine 4 of a main drive for driving the drive shaft 2 and thus the drive propeller 3 is designed for full-load operation of the submarine drive system and is or can be coupled to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side.
  • At least one second electrical machine 5 of an additional drive is designed for partial-load operation of the submarine drive system 1 and is or can be coupled to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side, wherein in partial-load operation of the submarine drive system 1 the submarine is typically operated at creep speed and/or submerged speed.
  • the submarine propulsion system 1 it is therefore an idea of the submarine propulsion system 1 according to the invention to have several electrical machines 4, 5 ready to drive the drive shaft 2, namely a first electrical machine 4 designed for full-load operation and a second electrical machine 5 designed for partial-load operation for creeping and/or diving, which are operated depending on the operating state, i.e. depending on whether full-load operation or partial-load operation is desired, and for this purpose are coupled to or uncoupled from the drive shaft 2.
  • the first electrical machine 4 is typically coupled to the drive shaft 2 and the second electrical machine 5 is uncoupled from it.
  • the second electrical machine 5 is typically coupled to the drive shaft 2 and the first electrical machine 4 is uncoupled from it.
  • the first electric machine 4 of the submarine propulsion system 1 which is designed for full-load operation, is indirectly coupled to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side via a first gear 6.
  • the first gear 6 has gear planes 7, 8 made of intermeshing gears that provide at least one gear ratio.
  • the first gear 6 is therefore a transmission gear whose transmission stages are designed so that the first electric machine 4 can be operated at a significantly higher speed than is desired for driving the drive propeller 3 and thus the drive shaft 2. This means that smaller, lighter and more cost-effective electric machines can be used for full-load operation than is possible with submarine drive systems known from practice.
  • the first transmission 6 comprises a clutch 11, which is preferably designed as a shift clutch or synchronous clutch.
  • the second electric machine 5, designed for partial load operation, is in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 mounted or supported on the first gear 6 and coupled directly, i.e. directly without any further gear ratio, to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side.
  • Fig. 2 an embodiment in which the second electric machine 5, designed for full load operation, is mounted or supported on the first gear 6, but is indirectly coupled to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side via the first gear 6, namely in Fig. 2 via a separate gear ratio of the first gear 6 formed by further gear levels 9, 10.
  • the second electric machine 5 which is designed for partial load operation, is in accordance with the embodiments of the Fig. 1 and 2 mounted on the first gear 6 and engages in the embodiment of the Fig. 3 in accordance with the embodiment of the Fig. 2 again indirectly via the first gear 6 on the drive side to the drive shaft 2.
  • the second electric machine 5 does not operate as in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 via a separate gear stage but rather via the gear stage of the first electric machine 4 formed by the gear levels 7 and 8 on the drive shaft 2. While the embodiment of the Fig. 3 is particularly compact and simple, the embodiment of the Fig. 2 efficiency advantages.
  • the respective submarine propulsion system 1 has several electrical machines, namely the first electrical machine 4 for full load operation and the second electrical machine 5 for partial load operation, wherein the second electrical machine 5 for partial load operation is mounted or supported on the first gear 6, which serves as a transmission gear at least for the first electrical machine 4, which is designed for full load operation.
  • the first transmission 6 can also serve as a transmission for the second electric machine 5, which is designed for partial load operation.
  • the second electrical machine 5 designed for partial load operation
  • the second electrical machine 5 is supported together with the first electrical machine 4 and together with the first gear 6 on a foundation 12 of the submarine 1, for which purpose in the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 3 the first electric machine 4 and the first transmission 6 are mounted on a common frame 13, so that the second electric machine 5 is also mounted on this common frame 13 via the first transmission 6.
  • the two electrical machines 4, 5 and the first gearbox 6 are jointly supported on the foundation 12 of the submarine via this common frame 13.
  • Elastic sound-damping elements 14 are connected between the common frame 13 and the foundation 12. These are particularly important when the submarine is operated at creep speed or submerged speed during partial load operation of the submarine propulsion system 1.
  • the submarine propulsion systems 1 of the Fig. 1, 2 and 3 also have an axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 assigned to the drive shaft 2, an elastic compensating coupling 16 assigned to the drive shaft 2 and a clutch 17 also assigned to the drive shaft 2.
  • the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 is used to absorb axial forces acting on the drive shaft 2. Thrust forces are directed from the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 into the hull or foundation of the submarine. Moments are transmitted to the drive propeller 3 via the elastic compensating coupling 16. The drive propeller 3 can be uncoupled from the drive shaft 2 via the clutch 17.
  • Submarine propulsion systems 1 show Fig. 4 and 5 , whereby the embodiments of the Fig. 4 and 5 from the examples of the Fig. 1 to 3 primarily by the fact that in the embodiments of the Fig. 4 and 5 the second electrical machine 5, designed for partial load operation, is not attached to or supported by the hull or foundation 12 of the submarine together with the first electrical machine 4, designed for full load operation, and the first gear 6, but is supported by the foundation 12 of the submarine independently of the first electrical machine 4 and the first gear 6.
  • Fig. 4 an embodiment in which the second electric machine 5 is coupled directly or immediately, i.e. without any further gear ratio, to the drive shaft 2 on the drive side and as such is supported on the foundation 12 of the submarine via elastic sound-damping elements 14.
  • the second electric machine 5 which is designed for partial load operation, is not coupled directly to the drive shaft 2, but indirectly via a separate, second transmission gear 19 and is supported on the foundation 12 via this second gear 19 and elastic vibration dampers 14 arranged between the second gear 19 and the foundation 12 of the submarine.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 It can be seen that in these embodiments the first electrical machine 4, designed for full-load operation, and the first gear 6 serving as a transmission gear for the first electrical machine 4 are individually supported on the foundation 12, but without the need for elastic vibration dampers 14, since in full-load operation when using the first electrical machine 4, low-noise operation of the submarine, as is desirable in partial-load operation, particularly when driving slowly, is of secondary importance.
  • low-noise operation of the submarine propulsion system 1 is only important in partial load operation, in particular when driving slowly, so that in the embodiments of the Fig. 4 and 5 the elastic compensating coupling 16 is exclusively relevant for the second electrical machine 5, which is supported independently of the first electrical machine 4 and the first gear 6 on the foundation 12 of the submarine.
  • a soundproofing cover 18 is arranged around the unit consisting of the second electric machine 5 and the second gearbox 19 in order to ensure even quieter operation of the submarine propulsion system.
  • the axial bearing or thrust bearing 15 is integrated into the first gear 6, which serves as a transmission gear for the first electric machine 4 designed for full load operation. This then enables further installation space advantages to be realized.
  • the required drive power is provided by the first electric machine 4 in full load operation.
  • the speed of the first electric machine 4 is higher than the required propeller speed in order to save on size, weight and costs, which is why the first gearbox 6 with one or more gear ratios is used.
  • the first electric machine 4 can be switched on and off via the optional shift or synchronous clutch 11. Torque is transmitted to the drive propeller 3 in particular via the elastic compensating clutch 16, and a thrust force acting on the drive shaft during operation is transmitted to the hull or foundation 12 via the axial bearing 15.
  • the required drive power is provided by the second electric machine 5.
  • Submarines usually only require a small amount of power when cruising or diving.
  • the second electric machine 5 which is specially designed for partial load operation, is typically powered by batteries. With regard to the range, the efficiency is therefore of particular importance for partial load operation.
  • the smaller, second electric machine 5 is in the range of its design power in partial load operation when creeping and diving and thus has an optimized efficiency, which results in a longer range.
  • the second electric machine 5 is advantageously attached to the first gear 6 and in Fig. 1 directly connected to the drive shaft 2.
  • the drive is provided either by the first electric machine 4 or the second electric machine 5, depending on the power requirement.
  • the first electric machine 4 can be decoupled via the clutch 11, which is particularly advantageous in terms of efficiency.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 show embodiments in which the second electric machine 5 is supported on the foundation 12 independently of the first electric machine 4. Since the first electric machine 4 is only used in less noise-sensitive operating states, the elastic bearing on the first electric machine 4 can then be dispensed with. In order to be particularly quiet when traveling slowly or diving, the second electric machine 5 is advantageously supported elastically on the foundation 12.
  • the elastic coupling 16 is only necessary between the second electric machine 5 and the propeller shaft 2, and can therefore advantageously be made significantly smaller.
  • the axial bearing or thrust bearing 16 is preferably integrated in the housing of the first gear 6.
  • the first gearbox 6 can advantageously be a tunnel gearbox.
  • FIG. 5 A fast-rotating version is used for the second electric machine 5 in order to save weight, installation space and costs in the area of the second electric machine 5.
  • the second gear 19 is used.
  • the use of an oil pump can be dispensed with in the second gear 19 and a pumpless splash lubrication can be implemented.
  • the second electric machine 5 and the second gear 12 are advantageously rigidly aligned with each other and are elastically mounted together on the foundation 12.
  • control system which enables the automated production of the respective desired operating configuration and the monitoring of operationally relevant parameters.
  • the control system can therefore automatically control clutches and electrical machines in order to automatically use the first electrical machine 4 as the drive source in full-load operation and the second electrical machine 5 in partial-load operation.
  • Operating parameters can also be monitored via the control system in order to automatically produce the desired operating configuration depending on this and to provide the drive power either in full-load operation via the first electrical machine 4 of the main drive or in partial-load operation for creeping and/or diving via the second electrical machine 5 of the auxiliary drive.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Système de propulsion de sous-marin (1) d'un sous-marin,
    avec un arbre de propulsion (2),
    avec une hélice de propulsion (3) couplée ou pouvant être couplée à l'arbre de propulsion (2) et
    avec une machine électrique (4, 5) pour la propulsion de l'arbre de propulsion (2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    une propulsion principale présentant au moins une première machine électrique (4) est conçue pour un mode de fonctionnement de pleine charge et est ou peut être couplée côté propulsion à l'arbre de propulsion (2),
    une propulsion supplémentaire présentant au moins une seconde machine électrique (5) est conçue pour un mode de fonctionnement de charge partielle pour une marche lente et/ou une marche en plongée du sous-marin et est ou peut être aussi couplée à l'arbre de propulsion (2) côté propulsion.
  2. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque première machine électrique (4) conçue pour le mode de fonctionnement de pleine charge est ou peut être couplée indirectement par le biais d'un premier engrenage (6) à l'arbre de propulsion (2) côté propulsion.
  3. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) conçue pour le mode de fonctionnement de charge partielle est ou peut être couplée directement ou indirectement par le biais du premier engrenage (6) ou par le biais d'un second engrenage (19) respectivement à l'arbre de propulsion (2) côté propulsion.
  4. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) est en appui contre le premier engrenage (6) et en appui conjointement avec la ou chaque première machine électrique (4) et le premier engrenage (6) ensemble contre une base (12) du sous-marin.
  5. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque première machine électrique (4) et le premier engrenage (6) sont logés au niveau d'un cadre (13) commun et sont en appui ensemble par le biais du cadre (13) contre la base (12) du sous-marin.
  6. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le cadre commun (13) agit par le biais des éléments d'insonorisation (14) sur la base (12) du sous-marin.
  7. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) en appui contre le premier engrenage (6) est ou peut être couplée directement sans étage de transmission à l'arbre de propulsion (2).
  8. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) en appui contre le premier engrenage (6) est ou peut être couplée indirectement par le biais d'un étage de transmission (9, 10) du premier engrenage (6) à l'arbre de propulsion (2) côté propulsion.
  9. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un couplage de compensation (16) est monté entre une sortie du premier engrenage (6) et un palier de butée (15) de l'arbre de propulsion (2).
  10. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) est en appui directement ou indirectement par le biais du second engrenage (19) respectivement indépendamment de la ou de chaque première machine électrique (4) et indépendamment du premier engrenage (6) contre une base (12) du sous-marin.
  11. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) ou le second engrenage (19) agit par le biais d'éléments d'insonorisation (14) sur la base (12) du sous-marin.
  12. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un couplage de compensation (16) est monté entre la seconde machine électrique (5) ou une sortie du second engrenage (19) et un palier de butée (15) de l'arbre de propulsion (2).
  13. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le palier de butée (15) de l'arbre de propulsion (2) est intégré dans le premier engrenage (6).
  14. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le second engrenage (19) présente un graissage par barbotage.
  15. Système de propulsion de sous-marin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de commande commande de manière automatisée des couplages et des machines électriques afin d'utiliser automatiquement dans le mode de fonctionnement de pleine charge la ou chaque première machine électrique (4) et dans le mode de fonctionnement de charge partielle la ou chaque seconde machine électrique (5) comme source de propulsion.
EP17717144.4A 2016-08-04 2017-04-11 Système de propulsion de sous-marin Active EP3494038B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016214494.4A DE102016214494A1 (de) 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 Unterseebootantriebssystem
PCT/EP2017/058638 WO2018024378A1 (fr) 2016-08-04 2017-04-11 Système de propulsion de sous-marin

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3494038A1 EP3494038A1 (fr) 2019-06-12
EP3494038C0 EP3494038C0 (fr) 2025-02-12
EP3494038B1 true EP3494038B1 (fr) 2025-02-12

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EP17717144.4A Active EP3494038B1 (fr) 2016-08-04 2017-04-11 Système de propulsion de sous-marin

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Country Link
US (1) US10723425B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3494038B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR102218566B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109476364A (fr)
CA (1) CA3024563C (fr)
DE (1) DE102016214494A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES3015402T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018024378A1 (fr)

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DE336126C (de) 1918-03-31 1921-04-25 Fried Krupp Akt Ges Germaniawe Unterseebootsantrieb
WO2009076659A1 (fr) 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Foss Maritime Company Systèmes hybrides de propulsion
DE102008018420A1 (de) 2008-04-10 2009-10-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Antriebseinrichtung mit zwei Antriebsmotoren für ein Schiff
DE102009010656A1 (de) 2009-02-26 2010-09-02 Renk Aktiengesellschaft Schiffsantriebssystem und damit ausgerüstetes Schiff
WO2025068772A2 (fr) 2023-09-28 2025-04-03 Efalke Gmbh Système de propulsion marine modulaire pour gros navires

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CN109476364A (zh) 2019-03-15
DE102016214494A1 (de) 2018-02-08
ES3015402T3 (en) 2025-05-05
US10723425B2 (en) 2020-07-28
EP3494038C0 (fr) 2025-02-12
US20190202538A1 (en) 2019-07-04
CA3024563A1 (fr) 2018-02-08
CA3024563C (fr) 2021-02-09
KR102218566B1 (ko) 2021-02-22
WO2018024378A1 (fr) 2018-02-08
EP3494038A1 (fr) 2019-06-12
KR20190019123A (ko) 2019-02-26

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