EP3461785A1 - Crane - Google Patents

Abstract

In a crane, which is mobile by means of an associated chassis arrangement, wherein a chassis-less crane module (1) with a telescopic boom (7) receiving bed (3) and laterally ausstellbaren, at their ends with support legs (9) equipped support beams (8) is provided, and wherein the crane module (1) provided with docking elements (10) and hereby with the matching engagement elements (11) provided suspension arrangement is tilt-docking, can be achieved in a simple manner a versatility that the crane module (1) its longitudinal and transverse sides with docking elements (10) is provided, to which provided with matching engagement elements, on its support beam (8) jacked crane module (1) by means of the boom (7) manipulable chassis units (2) are docked, which as to a specific application adapted, optionally usable change units are formed.

Description

The invention relates to a crane, in particular heavy-duty crane, which is mobile by means of an associated landing gear arrangement, wherein a chassis-less crane module is provided with a telescoping cantilever cantilever bed and laterally deployable, equipped with support legs at their ends and the crane module provided with docking elements and hereby to the provided with matching engagement elements chassis assembly is tilt-safe dockable.

A crane of this kind results for example from the DE 10 2013 009 357 A1 , In this known arrangement, the chassis-less crane module referred to as the superstructure can be placed from above onto a submount undercarriage. This is designed as a complete heavy vehicle with its own drive device and cab. This heavy duty vehicle is to be used with removed superstructure for further transport purposes. The heavy-duty vehicle forming the landing gear assembly here does not allow easy adaptation of the chassis arrangement to different purposes and is not manipulated for docking by means of the boom of the crane module but is retracted below the jacked crane module by means of its own drive means which is subsequently lowered thereon.

The EP 0 919 508 A2 shows a crane with a multi-part, a ballast boom-free stand for the crane boom receiving frame. This multi-part frame, in which the necessary ballast is integrated, consists of a chassis-less center part and this rear and front coupling, outer frame parts, which are provided with heavy duty castors. The front and rear can be coupled to the middle frame part outer frame parts are not interchangeable, but belong to the frame of the crane, which is only completed by these frame parts.

The DE 10 2008 047 737 B4 shows a modular crane with multiple, dockable modules in the form of a main component forming, the crane boom supporting plate module, a drive module, a support module, a setup module, etc .. The main component forming plate module is provided with axes and rollers, as well as the other modules ,

The DE 20 2016 101 503 U1 shows a for transport on a trained as a trailer semitrailer crane. A different possibility of movement than by means of the trailer is not possible here.

From the KR 100907727 B1 This results in a crane module that can be placed with its bed on a platform carried by lateral crawler tracks. The platform with the lateral crawler tracks practically forms a mobile undercarriage on which the crane module can be placed. Another possibility of movement is not provided.

On this basis, it is therefore an object of the present invention to improve a crane of the kind mentioned with simple and inexpensive means so that a versatility is possible.

This object is achieved in that the crane module is provided at its longitudinal and transverse sides with docking elements, which are provided with matching engagement elements, in the jacked on his support legs crane module by means of the boom manipulable suspension units are docked as adapted to a particular purpose, optionally usable change units are formed.

These measures ensure that for each intended use of the crane, the corresponding chassis units can be docked, where docked for docking the desired chassis units, the crane on the support legs of its support beams and the docking Chassis units can be manipulated by means of the boom. The crane according to the invention is therefore very simple and quick to convert to any desired use and thus variable in use, which ensures good utilization and thus excellent economic efficiency.

Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the higher-level measures are specified in the subclaims.

According to a first embodiment, the docking elements can be mounted directly on the bed. Alternatively, the bed can be received on a loading platform, which in turn is provided with the docking elements. This results in an advantageous manner a retrofit kit, which allows easy retrofitting of existing cranes with the measures according to the invention. At the same time, this ensures that the support beams provided on the bed side can pass over the docking elements assigned underneath the loading platform in a collision-free manner. Of course, for the purpose of particularly high versatility, docking elements can also be attached both to the bed and to the loading platform.

In a further development of the parent measures can be as landing gear units for a movement on a fixed surface on two opposite sides, preferably at the front and back of the crane, each docked at least one car element, each containing a the docking elements associated engagement elements chassis and at least has two pairs of rollers. The front and rear docked car elements, which can be provided inexpensively, allow the creation of a compact, mobile on a fixed surface crane arrangement, the car elements can be advantageously equipped with a cargo area and serve as a loadable transporter.

The rollers can be used as single rollers for a rolling motion on one Hall floor or factory premises to be trained. This allows easy placement of the crane at the desired working position. Alternatively, the rollers may also be designed as road rollers, which may be expediently provided with a heavy-duty tires. This results in a movable on a road arrangement and therefore makes it possible to transport the crane as a trailer by means of a tractor. In this case, a front carriage element may be expediently provided with a hitch. Particularly expediently, a trailer element which can be attached to a front wagon element can be provided, so that a trailer which can be attached to a semi-trailer is produced.

In order to form a crane which can be moved on rails, at least one carriage element is docked to the rear and to the front, which in turn comprises a chassis containing the docking elements and at least four track rollers provided with a wheel flange and mounted on a common wheel carrier on which the chassis is supported. These measures result in a safe rail vehicle.

Suitably, each free at one end car element in the region of its free end may be provided with a hitch for attachment to a respective adjacent car of a train. In this way, the loading crane according to the invention can be easily integrated into a train equipped with a locomotive and therefore does not require its own drive.

In addition or as an alternative to a towing device, it may be provided that at least one docked carriage element is provided with drivable rollers. This car element can be docked directly to the bed or the loading platform or to a previously docked there cart unit. In this way, it is easy to achieve high independence from an additional tractor, etc.

In a further development of the higher-level measures can be provided as a chassis units for movement in unpaved terrain two opposing drivable caterpillar elements, which can be docked either on the longitudinal or transverse sides of the crane. These measures allow usability of the crane according to the invention even in unpaved terrain and allow a direction of travel either in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the crane and thus a high versatility.

Expediently, it may further be provided that the docking elements assigned to at least one side of the crane can be laterally extended in the direction of the chassis unit which can be docked thereto. This allows a simple way to increase the track width.

Advantageously, the docking elements each have a pair of flanges with two parallel, outwardly projecting, vertical flanges and the engagement elements each having a pair of flanges with two parallel, vertical, the flank forming the associated docking element inside or flank flanks, wherein a pair of flanges open against the direction of engagement Notch and the respective other pair of flanges carries a insertable into the notch of the first pair of flanges cross bolt and wherein at least two adjacent flanges, preferably all flanges of the two pairs of flanges, have an aligned transverse bore for a push-through crossbar. These measures result in a quick coupling for tilt-proof and wobble-free docking of each chassis unit and thus overall high ease of use and safety.

A further development of the higher-level measures may consist in that at least one provided with corresponding engagement elements cross strut can be docked to free, lateral docking elements, which is docked with also provided at its opposite end engagement elements on free lateral docking elements of another crane. Hereby can be advantageously achieve a crane assembly with multiple, docked cranes, which can cooperate in a desired manner, which may be desirable in certain applications to increase the overall load capacity.

Further advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the parent measures are specified in the remaining subclaims and from the following description of the example with reference to the drawing closer.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Krans mit einem zugeordneten Fahrwerksaggregat in explosionsartiger Darstellung,

Figur 2

eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels für die Andockelemente und Eingriffselemente,

Figur 3

eine Ausführung mit auf befestigtem Untergrund bewegbarem Kran,

Figur 4

eine Variante zu Figur 3,

Figur 5

eine Ausführung mit auf Schienen bewegbarem Kran,

Figur 6

eine Variante zu Figur 5,

Figur 7

eine Ausführung mit einem Raupenfahrwerk und

Figur 8

einen Kranverbund mit mehreren aneinander angedockten Kränen.

In the drawing described below:

FIG. 1

a side view of a crane according to the invention with an associated chassis unit in an exploded view,

FIG. 2

a schematic representation of an embodiment of the docking elements and engagement elements,

FIG. 3

an embodiment with crane movable on a fixed ground,

FIG. 4

a variant too FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5

an embodiment with rail movable crane,

FIG. 6

a variant too FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7

a version with a crawler chassis and

FIG. 8

a crane network with several docked cranes.

The the FIG. 1 underlying arrangement shows an upper crane module 1, to which only schematically indicated, lower chassis units 2 are docked. The self-propelled crane module 1 consists of a solid bed 3, on a turntable 4, a bearing block 5 is received for an up and down pivoting carriage 5a, which carries a swiveling up and down, telescopic boom 7. As a counterweight to the boom 7 may be provided on the bracket 5 releasably attachable ballast assembly 6. In the area of the corners of the bed 3 are laterally swinging support beams 8, which can also be telescoped, pivotally mounted, the are provided at their free ends with support legs 9, which can be hydraulically extendable or formed by hydraulic cylinders.

The chassis units 2, of which in FIG. 1 only one is indicated schematically, are provided as change units, which are each adapted to a particular application and optionally used. For this purpose, the crane according to the invention with in accordance with the example FIG. 1 assigned to the bed 3, crane-side docking elements 10 provided on which equipped with matching engagement elements 11, designed as a change gear chassis units 2 can be docked safely and wobble-free. In the execution according to FIG. 1 the docking elements 10 are mounted on the opposite longitudinal sides of the bed 3, wherein in each case two in the longitudinal direction staggered docking elements 10 are provided. In addition or as an alternative, corresponding docking elements may also be provided in the area of the front and rear sides of the bed 3 running transversely to the longitudinal sides. The underside of the bed 3 could additionally or alternatively be provided with corresponding docking elements.

To carry out the in FIG. 1 indicated by a double arrow docking the docking chassis units 2 can be manipulated by means of the boom 7, as in FIG. 1 is indicated by a carrying thereon harness 12. The crane module 1, that is, the cantilevered structure supporting the boom 7, can be jacked onto the support legs 9 of the support beams 8.

In a simple, the FIG. 2 The underlying embodiment, the docking elements 10 and engagement elements 11 each consist of a pair of flanges with flanges 10a, b and flanges 11a, b, which extend vertically and strive away from the respective supporting element. The pair of flanges 11a, b forming an engagement element 11 is arranged such that the flange pair 10a, b forming the associated docking element 10 is flanked on the inside or outside, in the illustrated example on the outside, whereby relatively little play is provided should to achieve a backlash-free as possible. A pair of flanges, in the example shown, the flanges 10a, b of the docking element 10, is provided with an aligned notch 13, which is contrary to the here from top to bottom engagement direction, that is open at the top. The other pair of flanges, here the flanges 11 a, b of the associated engagement element 11, carries a transverse pin 14, which is brought into engagement with the notch 13. For mutual locking a cross bar 15 is provided, which is pushed through after insertion of the transverse pin 14 in the notch 13 by all adjacent flanges. For this purpose, the mutually flanking flanges 10a, b and 11a, b are provided with an aligned transverse bore 16.

Instead of the illustrated embodiment with two pairs of flanges, it would of course also conceivable to replace one of the pairs of flanges by a flanked by the other pair of flanges block. Thus, for example, instead of the docking element 10 forming flanges 10a, b, a central, the notch 13 and transverse bore 16 exhibiting block may be provided which is flanked by the transverse pin 14 bearing flanges 11a, b outside. It would also be conceivable, instead of the flanges 11a, b, to provide a central block which is flanked on the outside by the flanges 10a, b and which, instead of the transverse pin 14, has outwardly projecting stubs which engage in the notch 13 of the flanges 10a, b can be brought. For the transverse bore 16 the same applies as before.

At the FIGS. 3 to 8 Underlying examples, the self-propelled crane module 1 is still provided with an additional, the bed 3 receiving loading platform 17, wherein the docking elements 10 are assigned here the loading platform 17. The loading platform 17 can be equipped with docking elements 10 in the area of at least two opposite sides, preferably in the region of all four sides of its periphery and / or also below. This ensures that there is no binding on the configuration of the bed 3 and accordingly more freedom with regard to the placement of the docking elements 10. There are also the Docking elements 10 here below the laterally ausstellbaren support beams 8 so that they can go over it without collision. The bed 3 can be free of docking elements here or additionally also be provided with docking elements 10.

In the execution according to FIG. 3 come for a movement on a paved surface, such as a hall floor or a fortified factory grounds, etc., suitable chassis units 2 are used. These are here as at the front and back of the loading platform 17 docked car elements 18 are formed, each having a crankshaft docking elements 10 associated engagement elements 11 supporting chassis 19 and at least two pairs, the chassis 19 receiving rollers 20, wherein the rear and front at least one such car element is needed. To extend the suspension units so formed but also several such car elements can be provided one behind the other or correspondingly longer car elements. In the illustrated example, two consecutively arranged carriage elements 18 are provided, which in turn are also docked to each other, so that there are two pairs of rollers 20 and thus a corresponding load distribution and increase the carrying capacity at the front and rear. The docking device for docking together successively arranged car elements 18 of the execution for docking the chassis units to the crane-side docking elements, so for example the execution according to FIG. 2 , correspond. But it would also, as already mentioned, conceivable to provide longer carriage elements with multiple pairs of rollers. Suitably, the number of successively provided car elements 18 and their length is selected so that the suspension unit so created at its end facing away from the crane docking end is easily accessible, for example, beyond the ends of folded in the running state supporting legs 8 protrudes, so that a thrust - And / or towing vehicle undisturbed attack. Appropriately, this associated with a coupling may be appropriate.

With the help of the rollers 20, the entire crane can be moved on site and so placed in an exact position. The rollers provided for such a rolling movement may be single rollers with no or only with simple tires. It would also be conceivable to provide suitable rollers for a road trip. These may then be rollers provided with suitable heavy-duty tires. In any case, the docked, provided with rollers 20, 20a carriage elements 18 allow the desired mobility on a fixed surface.

In FIG. 4 is a road-going variant of FIG. 3 shown. Accordingly, the rear and front landing gear assemblies formed by docked car members 18 are provided with road wheels 20a which are suitably provided with a rubber tire designed as a heavy-duty tire. A streetcar variant of the FIG. 4 The underlying type is suitably attached to a tractor and is for this purpose provided with a suitable hitch. The present trailer hitch 26 may be fixedly attached to, or preferably docked to, the front carriage member 18 so that, accordingly, the docking and engagement means necessary therefor are to be provided. In the example shown according to FIG. 4 the front carriage element 18 is provided with a forwardly projecting trailer hitch 26, which may be brought to form a semitrailer for engagement with an associated saddle of a tractor, not shown.

The chassis 19 of the here provided for forming front and rear suspension units car elements 18 may suitably have an upper loading area 27 to which a load can be charged. This applies in the first place to carriage elements 18 projecting beyond the ends of the support arms 8 FIG. 4 are provided to form the rear suspension unit four docked car elements 18. Accordingly, this chassis unit has a large one, here with two carriage elements 18 over the ends of the adjacent support legs 8 protruding length. The loading area 27 of the two last carriage elements is freely accessible from above and can therefore be used well for receiving a load. In the example shown, the ballast assembly 6 removed from the bearing block 5 is then accommodated, so that transport separated from the crane module 1 is accomplished.

In the embodiments described above according to Figures 3 and 4 only the front and rear crane-side docking elements 10 are occupied. The lateral docking elements 10 remain free here. However, it would also be conceivable to additionally or alternatively provide dockable carriage elements on the longitudinal sides. It would also be conceivable to provide dockable carriage elements 18 on the underside of the loading platform 17.

The the FIG. 5 underlying loader crane differs from the design according to Figures 3 and 4 by training as a rail vehicle. For this purpose, the car elements 18b docked on the front and rear sides of the loading platform 17 are provided with a rail track roller 21 having a circumferential wheel flange. In each case, four rail rollers 21, which are arranged in pairs in succession, belong to each carriage element 18b. The two pairs of rollers are accommodated on a common roller carrier 22, on which the chassis member 19 supporting the docking elements 10 associated engagement elements 11 rests. The carriage elements 18b are here in the region of their free, facing away from the loading platform 17 end each equipped with a buffer indicated by means of coupling device 23 for attachment to a respective adjacent car of a train.

The execution according to FIG. 6 differs from the design according to FIG. 4 in that long carriage elements 18c are provided, to each of which two roller carriers 22 are assigned, so that each carriage element has eight rail rollers 21 arranged in pairs. It is possible that all or at least part of the intended rail rollers 21 with an associated Drive device are equipped, so that there is a self-propelled arrangement that can be attached to a train or drive yourself.

Of course, it would also be conceivable, instead of a long carriage element 18c, to provide a plurality of shorter carriage elements docked to one another, wherein the drivable rail rollers 21 could each be associated with a specific carriage element 18c, which increases the versatility. Likewise, it would of course also conceivable, even in the execution according to FIG. 3 the rollers 20 at least one carriage element 18 form as drivable rollers.

The execution according to FIG. 7 is equipped for movement on unpaved surfaces. For this purpose, the suspension units 2 which can be docked to the crane module 1 are designed as caterpillar elements 23. These are docked in the example shown on the long sides of the loading platform 17, so that there is a direction of travel in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, the crawler elements 23 could also be docked to the front and rear of the loading platform 17, so that there is a direction of travel in the transverse direction. The loading platform 17 is as out FIG. 6 can be clearly seen, both in the region of their long sides, as well as in the region of their lateral sides provided with docking elements 10. The same applies, of course, to the above examples. In any case, at least two parallel rows of docking elements 10 are present. In the FIG. 7 two lateral rows and two transverse thereto extending rows of docking elements 10 are indicated. To increase the track width, the docking elements 10 of at least one row can be extendable in the direction of the dockable chassis unit, as in FIG FIG. 6 is indicated by the side docking elements 10. The same applies, of course, to the above examples.

The FIG. 8 is based on a crane network with several interacting cranes. In the example shown, four cranes are joined together to form a group of four, two rows each with two consecutively arranged cranes are provided, which are connected to each other with the ends of their docked to their loading platform 17 chassis units, here in the form of carriage elements 18, preferably also in the above manner can be docked together. The two crane rows formed in this way are connected to one another by transverse struts 24, which at their ends provide engagement elements corresponding to the engagement elements 11 of the chassis units and can be docked to opposing free docking elements 10 of parallel cranes, resulting in a reliable mutual fixation. In the example shown, only two transverse struts 24 are provided. But it would also be possible to use several cross struts. Likewise, the successively arranged cranes could be docked to each other by appropriate struts, if a greater distance should be desired.

Claims (13)

Crane, in particular heavy-duty crane, which is mobile by means of an associated chassis arrangement, wherein a chassis-less crane module (1) with a telescoping boom (7) receiving bed (3) and laterally ausstellbaren, at their ends with support legs (9) equipped support beams (8 ), and wherein the crane module (1) provided with docking elements (10) and hereby tiltable dockable to the provided with matching engagement elements (11) chassis assembly, characterized in that the crane module (1) on its longitudinal and transverse sides with docking elements (10) is provided to which are provided with matching engagement elements, on its support legs (9) jacked crane module (1) by means of the boom (7) manipulatable chassis units (2) can be docked as adapted to a specific purpose, optionally usable change units are formed. Crane according to claim 1, characterized in that docking elements (10) are attached to the bed (3). Crane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bed (3) on a loading platform (17) is receivable, which is provided with docking elements (10). Crane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as chassis units (2) for a movement on a fixed surface on two opposite sides, preferably at the front and back of the crane, each at least one carriage element 18 can be docked, the one Has docking elements (10) associated with engagement elements (11) containing the chassis (19) and at least two pairs, preferably provided with a heavy-duty tires rollers (20, 20a). Crane according to claim 4, characterized in that the through Carriage elements (18) formed chassis units (2) are at least partially provided with an upper loading area (27) and have a length such that the loading area (27) is at least partially freely accessible from above for receiving a load. Crane according to claim 4 to 6, characterized in that the front chassis unit (2) with a its front carriage element (18) associated, preferably dockable hitch (26) is provided. Crane according to one of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that as a chassis units (2) for movement on rails at the front and back of the crane each at least one carriage element 18b can be docked, the one the docking elements (10) associated with engagement elements (11) containing the chassis (19) and at least four paired, provided with a wheel flange rail rollers (21) which are mounted on a common wheel carrier (22) on which the chassis (19) is accommodated. Crane according to Claim 7, characterized in that each carriage element (18b) free at one end is provided in the region of its free end with a hitch (25) for attachment to a respective adjacent wagon of a train. Crane according to at least one of the preceding claims 4-8, characterized in that at least one carriage element (18, 18b) is provided with drivable rollers (20, 20a, 21). Crane according to one of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that are provided as chassis units for movement in unpaved terrain two opposing, drivable crawler elements (23) which are selectively docked to the longitudinal or transverse sides of the crane. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one side of the crane associated docking elements (10) are laterally extendable. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the docking elements (10) each have a pair of flanges with two parallel vertical flanges (10a, b) projecting from the receiving plane and the engagement elements (11) each having a pair of flanges with two parallel, vertical, the pair of flanges forming the associated docking element (10) have flanges (11a, b) flanking inside or outside, one flange pair having a notch (13) which is open in the direction of engagement and the other pair of flanges having a transverse bolt (14) which can be inserted into the notch (13). and wherein at least two adjacent flanges (10a, 11a; 10b, 11b), vorzusgweise all flanges (10a, b, 11a, b) of the two pairs of flanges, an aligned transverse bore (16) for a push-through cross bar (15). Crane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case at least one lateral strut (24) provided with corresponding engagement elements (11) can be docked to free lateral docking elements (10), the further engagement elements (11) provided at their opposite end being free lateral docking elements (10) of another crane can be docked.

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