EP3233315A1

EP3233315A1 - Fluid transfer apparatus

Info

Publication number: EP3233315A1
Application number: EP15820576.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Karl PRING
Original assignee: Kcp Environmental Services Ltd
Current assignee: Kcp Environmental Services Ltd
Priority date: 2014-12-15
Filing date: 2015-12-14
Publication date: 2017-10-25
Also published as: GB2536610B; GB2536610A; WO2016097713A1; JP2018506667A

Abstract

A fluid transfer apparatus (10) comprising a body portion (12) having a fluid inlet (12a) and a fluid outlet (12b), wherein the fluid outlet (12b) is connectable to a suction device (16) such that, in use, fluid may be transferred from the fluid inlet (12a) to the fluid outlet (12b); and a fluid injector (14), the fluid injector (14) being connectable to a source of pressurised fluid (20) such that, in use, the fluid injector (14) may deliver fluid to the apparatus (10).

Description

Fluid Transfer Apparatus

Field of the invention This invention relates to material transfer apparatus and methods of using the apparatus. The invention also relates to material transfer systems and method of using the same. The invention also relates to a material dispersion and transfer apparatus and method of using the same. Background to the invention

The removal of material such as silt, sludge etc. from structures or wells is a time consuming and expensive task. Typically, the silt or sludge is submerged below a head of water in the structure or well. In order to remove the silt or sludge it is necessary to remove all the water from the structure or well and then remove the silt or sludge. This requires firstly pumping out the entire head of water to expose the silt or sludge and then removing the silt or sludge, which may require use of a separate pump or cleaning device.

The above process is time consuming and expensive.

The inventor has appreciated the shortcomings with known fluid transfer apparatus.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

a body portion having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid outlet is connectable to a suction device such that, in use, fluid may be transferred from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet; and a fluid injector, the fluid injector being connectable to a source of pressurised fluid such that, in use, the fluid injector may deliver fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver one or more jets of fluid to the apparatus.

The fluid inlet may be located towards the lower end of the body portion and the fluid outlet may be located towards the upper end of the body portion. In this arrangement, in use, fluid is sucked into the body portion of the apparatus at the fluid inlet by the suction device, transferred through the body portion and out of the fluid outlet. The body portion may be hollow. The body portion may be substantially hollow.

The body portion may be cylindrical. The body portion may be a cuboid. The lower end of the body portion may be open. The body portion may be open-ended at the lower portion thereof. The lower end of the body portion may define the fluid inlet.

The upper end of the body portion may be open. The body portion may be open-ended at the upper portion thereof. The upper end of the body portion may define the fluid outlet.

The fluid outlet of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the suction device thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion.

The upper end of the body portion may be connectable to the suction device. The upper end of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the suction device thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion.

The suction device may be releasably connectable to the fluid outlet of the body portion. The suction device may be releasably connectable to the body portion. The suction device may be releasably connectable to the connector of the body portion.

The connector of the fluid outlet may be configured to connect with a hose. The hose may be made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), rubber, urethane or polypropylene. The hose may be a metal reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The hose may be flexible.

The upper end of the body portion may be at least partially closed.

The body portion may be a cylindrical member having an open lower portion and an at least partially closed upper portion. The fluid outlet may be located on the at least partially closed upper portion of the body portion.

The body portion may have an upper surface. The fluid outlet may be located on the upper surface of the body portion. The fluid outlet may be an aperture in the upper surface of the body portion. The fluid outlet may be one or more apertures in the upper surface of the body portion.

The body portion may have a longitudinal axis.

The body portion may have a circular cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The body portion may have a diameter of between 125mm and 1000mm. The body portion may have a diameter of between 250mm and 900mm.

The body portion may have a square cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The body portion may have a rectangular cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The body portion may have an irregular-shaped cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

The body portion may be made of metal, such as steel, mild steel, or the like. Alternatively, the body portion may be made of a rubber or plastic material. The body portion may be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

The body portion may be rigid. The body portion may be configured such that it remains rigid in operation as fluid passes between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The body portion may be configured such that it remains rigid during operation of the suction device.

The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid inlet. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid outlet. In this arrangement the fluid injector injects fluid to the body portion of the apparatus. As the fluid injector is connected to a source of pressurised fluid, the fluid injector injects the fluid as a jet of fluid to the body portion.

The fluid injector may be configured to deliver at least one jet of fluid, or jet of pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid inlet. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid outlet.

The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid inlet. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid outlet. The fluid injector may be configured to direct the plurality of jets of pressurised fluid a plurality of different directions. That is, the fluid injector may be configured to direct the jets of pressurised fluid along one or more different trajectories. The fluid injector may be located towards the upper end of the body portion. The fluid injector may be located on the at least partially closed upper portion of the body portion. The fluid injector may be located on the upper surface of the body portion.

The apparatus may comprise a first fluid injector and a second fluid injector, the first fluid injector may be located towards the upper end of the body portion and the second fluid injector may be located towards the lower end of the body portion. Each fluid injector may be configured to deliver at least one jet of fluid, or jet of pressurised fluid to the apparatus. Each fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to the body portion. The second fluid injector may be located inside or outside the body portion of the apparatus.

The fluid injector of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the source of pressurised fluid thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector may be a rubber or plastic fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion.

The upper end of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the source of pressurised fluid thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector may be a rubber or plastic fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion. The source of pressurised fluid may be releasably connectable to the fluid injector of the body portion. The source of pressurised fluid may be releasably connectable to the body portion. The source of pressurised fluid may be releasably connectable to the connector of the body portion.

The fluid injector may be located on a side of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may be located towards a lower side of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially surround the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may circumscribe the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially surround the lower portion of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially surround the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may circumscribe the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially circumscribe the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. In use, the fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid, or a jet of pressurised fluid, to the apparatus around the fluid inlet of the body portion.

The fluid injector may be in the form of a toroid. The toroid may be located adjacent the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may include a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver the pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The toroid may include a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver the pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be in the form of a circular tube. The circular tube may be located adjacent the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may include a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver the pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The circular tube may include a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver the pressurised fluid to the apparatus.

The pressurised fluid may be delivered to the apparatus in the form of jets of fluid, or jets of pressurised fluid. The jets of pressurised fluid may be directed in one or more directions. The fluid injector may be configured to direct pressurised fluid both towards the fluid inlet of the body portion and away from the fluid inlet of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to direct jets of pressurised fluid both towards the fluid inlet of the body portion and away from the fluid inlet of the body portion.

The connector of the fluid injector may be a cylindrical member. The cylindrical member may have a longitudinal axis. The connector may be arranged with the body portion of the apparatus such that the longitudinal axis of the body portion and the longitudinal axis of the connector are substantially parallel.

The fluid injector may include one or more connectors for connecting one or more sources of pressurised fluid thereto. In this arrangement the sources of pressurised fluid may be mixed together before delivery to the apparatus. The inlet of each connector may be sealable.

The connector may be a Y-pipe connector. In this arrangement the connector may include two inlets and one outlet. The outlet of the connector may be connected with the fluid injector.

The apparatus may include two or more fluid injectors. The apparatus may include a plurality of fluid injectors. The source of pressurised fluid may be a source of compressed air. The source of pressurised fluid may be water. The source of pressurised fluid may be high-pressure water. The source of pressurised fluid may be a compressed air/water mixture.

The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a suction device, the suction device being operable to suck fluid (including a dispersion) through the body portion of the apparatus between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet. The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a hose connected between the body portion and the suction device.

The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a source of pressurised fluid, the source of pressurised fluid being operable to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The source of pressurised fluid may be configured to deliver one or more differing pressurised fluids to the apparatus. The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise one or more hoses between the body portion and the source of pressurised fluid.

The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a frame member, the frame member being configured to provide support to the fluid transfer apparatus. The fluid transfer apparatus may be suspended from the frame member. The fluid transfer apparatus may be moveable with respect to the frame member. The frame member may be fixed in position relative to the fluid transfer apparatus and the frame member and fluid transfer apparatus may be moveable relative to the ground, structure, well, or the like. The frame member may be configured such that the fluid transfer apparatus may be raised and lowered relative to the frame member. The frame member may include a fluid transfer apparatus moving device. The frame member may include one or more roller wheels. According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a fluid transfer system comprising:

a fluid transfer apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention;

a suction device, the suction device being connected to the fluid outlet of the body portion and being operable to transfer fluid through body portion from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet; and

a source of pressured fluid, the source of pressurised fluid being connected to the fluid injector to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus.

The suction device may be a pump or compressor. The suction device may be a blower pump. The suction device may be an air mover/pump. The air mover/pump may use the venturi air technique.

The suction device may include a storage tank for the fluid and material transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus.

The suction device may mounted on, or part of, a vehicle.

The fluid transfer system may further comprise a frame member, the frame member being configured to provide support to the fluid transfer

apparatus. The fluid transfer apparatus may be suspended from the frame member. The fluid transfer apparatus may be moveable with respect to the frame member. The frame member may be fixed in position relative to the fluid transfer apparatus and the frame member and fluid transfer apparatus may be moveable relative to the ground. The frame member may be configured such that the fluid transfer apparatus may be raised and lowered relative to the frame member. The frame member may include a fluid transfer apparatus moving device. The frame member may include one or more roller wheels.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a material dispersion and transfer apparatus comprising:

a source of pressured fluid, the source of pressurised fluid being connected to the fluid injector to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus such that, in use, the pressurised fluid causes dispersion of a submerged material.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of dispersing and transferring a submerged material comprising the steps of:

providing a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

a body portion having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid outlet is connectable to a suction device such that, in use, fluid may be transferred from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet; and

a fluid injector, the fluid injector being connectable to a source of pressurised fluid such that, in use, the fluid injector may deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus; connecting a suction device to the fluid outlet of the fluid transfer apparatus;

connecting a source of pressurised fluid to the fluid injector of the fluid transfer apparatus; locating the fluid inlet of the fluid transfer apparatus beside the submerged material to be dispersed and transferred;

dispersing the submerged material with pressurised fluid from the fluid injector;

transferring the dispersed material through the fluid transfer apparatus with the suction device.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of dispersing and transferring a submerged material from a well bore comprising the steps of:

providing a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

connecting a source of pressurised fluid to the fluid injector of the fluid transfer apparatus;

locating the fluid inlet of the fluid transfer apparatus in the well beside the submerged material to be dispersed and transferred; dispersing the submerged material with pressurised fluid from the fluid injector;

transferring the dispersed material through the fluid transfer apparatus with the suction device. The shape of the lateral cross section of the fluid transfer apparatus in a plane about its longitudinal axis may substantially match shape of the bore of the well bore. The outer circumference of the body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may be dimensioned to substantially match the dimensions of the bore of the well. The shape of the lateral cross section of the fluid transfer apparatus in a plane about its longitudinal axis may substantially match shape of the cross section of the well bore. In this arrangement the body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may be in close contact to the wall portions of the well bore.

The step of providing a fluid transfer apparatus may include providing a fluid transfer apparatus having a body portion where the shape of the lateral cross section of the fluid transfer apparatus in a plane

perpendicular to its longitudinal axis may substantially match shape of the bore of the well bore. The dimensions, particularly the outer

circumferential shape of the body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may be configured to substantially match the shape of the bore of the well. In this arrangement the body portion of the apparatus is in a "close fit" arrangement with the bore of the well bore.

The body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may have closed upper surface or closed upper portion. The body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may have closed upper surface or closed upper portion and an open lower portion. The body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may be submersible under a head of water.

The body portion may be cylindrical. The body portion may be a cuboid. The well bore may be substantially cylindrical.

The lower end of the body portion may be open. The body portion may be open-ended at the lower portion thereof. The lower end of the body portion may define the fluid inlet. The upper end of the body portion may be open. The body portion may be open-ended at the upper portion thereof. The upper end of the body portion may define the fluid outlet.

The fluid outlet of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the suction device thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion. The upper end of the body portion may be connectable to the suction device. The upper end of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the suction device thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion. The suction device may be releasably connectable to the fluid outlet of the body portion. The suction device may be releasably connectable to the body portion. The suction device may be releasably connectable to the connector of the body portion.

The upper end of the body portion may be at least partially closed.

The body portion may have a longitudinal axis.

The body portion may have a circular cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The body portion may have a diameter of between 125mm and 1000mm. The body portion may have a diameter of between 250mm and 900mm. The body portion may have a square cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The body portion may have a rectangular cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The body portion may have an irregular-shaped cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

The well bore may have a square-shaped bore. The well bore may have a rectangular-shaped bore. The body portion may be made of metal, such as steel, mild steel, or the like. Alternatively, the body portion may be made of a rubber or plastic material. The body portion may be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The body portion may be rigid. The body portion may be configured such that it remains rigid in operation as fluid passes between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet.

The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid inlet. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid outlet. In this arrangement the fluid injector injects fluid to the body portion of the apparatus. As the fluid injector is connected to a source of pressurised fluid, the fluid injector injects the fluid as a jet of fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver at least one jet of pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver jet of pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver jet of pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver jet of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid inlet. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver jet of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid outlet.

The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid inlet. The fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid to an area adjacent the fluid outlet. The fluid injector may be configured to direct the plurality of jets of pressurised fluid a plurality of different directions. That is, the fluid injector may be configured to direct the jets of pressurised fluid along one or more different trajectories. The fluid injector may be located towards the upper end of the body portion. The fluid injector may be located on the at least partially closed upper portion of the body portion. The fluid injector may be located on the upper surface of the body portion. The fluid injector of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the source of pressurised fluid thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector may be a rubber or plastic fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion.

The upper end of the body portion may include a connector for connection of the source of pressurised fluid thereto. The connector may be a metal fitting. The connector may be a rubber or plastic fitting. The connector point may be attached to the body portion. The connector may be fixedly attached to the body portion. The connector may be welded to the body portion. The source of pressurised fluid may be releasably connectable to the fluid injector of the body portion. The source of pressurised fluid may be releasably connectable to the body portion. The source of pressurised fluid may be releasably connectable to the connector of the body portion. The fluid injector may be located on a side of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may be located towards a lower side of the body portion of the apparatus.

The fluid injector may at least partially surround the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may circumscribe the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially surround the lower portion of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially surround the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may circumscribe the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may at least partially circumscribe the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. In use, the fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus around the fluid inlet of the body portion. The fluid injector may be in the form of a toroid. The toroid may be located adjacent the fluid inlet of the body portion of the apparatus. The fluid injector may include a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver the pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The toroid may include a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver the pressurised fluid to the apparatus. The pressurised fluid may be delivered to the apparatus in the form of jets of pressurised fluid. The jets of pressurised fluid may be directed in one or more directions. The fluid injector may be configured to direct pressurised fluid both towards the fluid inlet of the body portion and away from the fluid inlet of the body portion. The fluid injector may be configured to direct jets of pressurised fluid both towards the fluid inlet of the body portion and away from the fluid inlet of the body portion.

The connector of the fluid injector may be a cylindrical member. The cylindrical member may have a longitudinal axis. The connector may be arranged with the body portion of the apparatus such that the longitudinal axis of the body portion and the longitudinal axis of the connector are substantially parallel. The fluid injector may include one or more connectors for connecting one or more sources of pressurised fluid thereto. In this arrangement the sources of pressurised fluid may be mixed together before delivery to the apparatus. The inlet of each connector may be sealable. The connector may be a Y-pipe connector. In this arrangement the connector may include two inlets and one outlet. The outlet of the connector may be connected with the fluid injector. The apparatus may include two or more fluid injectors. The apparatus may include a plurality of fluid injectors.

The source of pressurised fluid may be a source of compressed air. The source of pressurised fluid may be water. The source of pressurised fluid may be high-pressure water. The source of pressurised fluid may be a compressed air/water mixture.

The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a suction device, the suction device being operable to suck fluid through the body portion of the apparatus between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet. The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a hose connected between the body portion and the suction device.

The fluid transfer apparatus may further comprise a frame member, the frame member being configured to provide support to the fluid transfer apparatus. The fluid transfer apparatus may be suspended from the frame member. The fluid transfer apparatus may be moveable with respect to the frame member. The frame member may be fixed in position relative to the fluid transfer apparatus and the frame member and fluid transfer apparatus may be moveable relative to the ground. The frame member may be configured such that the fluid transfer apparatus may be raised and lowered relative to the frame member. The frame member may include a fluid transfer apparatus moving device. The frame member may include one or more roller wheels.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of dispersing and transferring a submerged material from a structure comprising the steps of:

providing a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

locating the fluid inlet of the fluid transfer apparatus in the structure beside the submerged material to be dispersed and transferred; dispersing the submerged material with pressurised fluid from the fluid injector;

transferring the dispersed material through the fluid transfer apparatus with the suction device. The structure may be a tank. The body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may have closed upper surface or closed upper portion. The body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may have closed upper surface or closed upper portion and an open lower portion. The body portion of the fluid transfer apparatus may be submerged under a head of water.

The alternative features and different embodiments as described apply to each and every aspect and each and every embodiment thereof mutatis mutandis.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of a fluid transfer apparatus according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the fluid transfer apparatus in use as part of a fluid transfer system;

Fig. 3 shows a front perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the fluid transfer apparatus of the present;

Fig. 4 is an underside view of the apparatus of figure 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the fluid transfer apparatus of figure 3 in use as part of a fluid transfer system; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view an alternate embodiment of the fluid transfer apparatus of the present in use.

Description of preferred embodiments Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a fluid transfer apparatus 10. The fluid transfer apparatus 10 includes a body portion 12 and a fluid injector 14.

The body portion 12 has a fluid inlet 12a and a fluid outlet 12b. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the fluid inlet 12a is located towards the lower end of the body portion 12 and the fluid outlet 12b is located towards the upper end of the body portion 12. As described further below, in use, the fluid outlet 12b is connected to a suction device 16 and fluid is sucked into the body portion 12 of the apparatus 10 at the fluid inlet 12a by the suction device 16, transferred through the body portion 12, and out of the fluid outlet 12b. The fluid outlet 12b is therefore connectable to a suction device. The fluid is stored in a tank 16a in the suction device 16. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the body portion 12 is cylindrical with a closed upper surface 12c and an open lower portion. The body portion 12 has a circular cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis 1 1. The diameter of the body portion is between 125mm and 1000mm. The diameter of the body portion may be between 250mm and 900mm. However, it should be appreciated that the diameter of the body portion may be any diameter required for use of the apparatus.

The body portion 12 has a longitudinal axis 1 1. The fluid outlet 12b is an aperture in the closed upper surface 12c. The lower portion of the body portion 12 defines the fluid inlet 12a. The body portion 12 is hollow. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the body portion 12 is made from metal. However, it should be appreciated that the body portion 12 could be made from any suitable material that is capable of being pressed into silt material, or the like, and is capable of withstanding the forces involved in sucking the fluid between the fluid inlet 12a and fluid outlet 12b. That is, the body portion 12 should be made of a material that will not collapse when the suction device 16 operates. The body portion 12 is therefore suitably rigid.

The fluid outlet 12b of the body portion 12 includes a connector 12d for connection to the suction device 16. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the connector 12d is a metal connector that is welded to the upper surface 12c of the body portion 12. The connector 12d of the fluid outlet 12b is configured to connect with a hose 18. The hose 18 may be flexible and may be made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), rubber, urethane or polypropylene. The hose 18 may be a metal reinforced high- density polyethylene (HDPE). As described further below, the fluid injector 14 is connectable to a source of pressurised fluid 20 and, in use, the fluid injector 14 delivers

pressurised fluid to the apparatus 10. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the fluid injector 14 is operable to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion 12. However, it should be appreciated that the fluid injector 14 may be operable to deliver pressurised fluid to other parts of the body portion 12 or apparatus 10.

The fluid injector 14 is located on the closed upper surface 12c and injects pressurised fluid into the body portion 12 through an aperture (not illustrated) in the upper surface 12c. The fluid injector 14 has a connector 14a for connection to the source of pressurised fluid 20. The connector 14a is made from rubber. However, it should be appreciated that any suitable connector for the delivery of pressurised fluid could be used. The connector is fixedly attached to the body portion 12. The source of pressurised fluid 20 is connected to the connector 14a by a hose 22. The source of pressurised fluid 20 may be releasably connected to the connector 14a. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the source of

pressurised fluid 20 is compressed air. However, it should be appreciated that any suitable pressurised fluid may be used. The pressurised fluid may be an air/water mixture. The fluid injector 14 is configured to deliver pressurised fluid (compressed air) into the body portion 12. The fluid injector 14 delivers a jet of pressurised fluid (compressed air) into the body portion 12. As described below, the apparatus 10 may also include a second fluid injector located towards the fluid inlet 12a of the body portion 12. In this arrangement the apparatus 10 includes first and second fluid injectors.

With reference to figure 2, a description of the use of the fluid transfer apparatus 10 as part of a fluid transfer system 24 will now be given. Figure 2 illustrates a well 26 that has submerged material 28 located at the bottom of the well 26 under a head of water 30. The fluid transfer apparatus 10 is connected to a suction device 16 by hoses 18 and 22. As described above, hose 18 is connected to the connector 12d of the fluid outlet 12b and hose 22 is connected to the connector 14a of the fluid injector 14. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the suction device 16 is part of a vehicle 32. The vehicle 32 includes a storage tank 16a for the fluid transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus 10, which, as described below, includes dispersed material 28. The vehicle 32 also includes the source of pressurised fluid 20. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the suction device itself is a pump, compressor, or an air mover/pump that uses the venturi air technique.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here the material 28 is silt. However, it should be appreciated that the material 28 could be one or more of the group consisting: clay, sludge, looser soils, general debris, gravel, waste material and slurry.

As illustrated in figure 2, the body portion 12 of the fluid transfer apparatus 10 is substantially the same dimensions as the bore 26a of the well 26. The body portion 12 is cylindrical and the diameter of the body portion 12 is substantially the same, or slightly less than, the diameter of the bore 26a of the well 26. Furthermore, since the body portion 12 is hollow, the body portion 12 is capable of encapsulating almost all of the material 28 at the bottom of the well 26. Some force may be required to push the body portion 12 through the material 28. This force may come from the weight of the body portion 12 itself.

With the fluid transfer apparatus 10 located in the position illustrated in figure 2, operation of the fluid injector 14 and suction device 16 can now take place.

As described above, the fluid injector 14 injects jets of compressed air into the body portion 12. These jets of compressed air impact upon the material 28 and cause the material 28 to disperse with the water 30 surrounding the material 28, thus forming a dispersion. This dispersed material is then sucked into body portion 12 via the fluid inlet 12a and out of the fluid outlet 12b to the tank 16a of the suction device 16. Operation of the suction device 16 and fluid injector 14 is continued until all, or at least the majority, of the material 28 has been removed from the well 26. By encapsulating the material 28 with the body portion 12 of the fluid transfer apparatus 10 substantially only the dispersed material is transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus 10 to the tank 16a of the suction device 16. The majority of the head of water 30 remains in the well 26, substantially only the material 28 and some water 30 is removed in the process. That is, the fluid transfer apparatus 10 of the present invention allows for removal of substantially only the material 28 within the well 26. Very little water 30 is removed from the well 26 with this apparatus and method. Figures 3 to 5 illustrate an alternate embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 10' of figures 3 to 5 is similar to the apparatus 10 of figures 1 and 2. However, there are some technical differences, particularly between the way that pressurised fluid is delivered by the apparatus 10'. The fluid transfer apparatus 10' includes a body portion 12' and a fluid injector 14'.

The body portion 12' has a fluid inlet 12a' and a fluid outlet 12b'. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the fluid inlet 12a' is located towards the lower end of the body portion 12' and the fluid outlet 12b' is located towards the upper end of the body portion 12'. As described further below, in use, the fluid outlet 12b' is connected to a suction device 16 and fluid is sucked into the body portion 12' of the apparatus 10' at the fluid inlet 12a' by the suction device 16, transferred through the body portion 12', and out of the fluid outlet 12b'. The fluid outlet 12b' is therefore connectable to a suction device. The fluid is stored in a tank 16a in the suction device 16.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here the body portion 12' is cylindrical with an open upper portion 12c' and an open lower portion 12e'. The body portion 12' has a circular cross section in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis 12". The diameter of the body portion is between 125mm and 1000mm. The diameter of the body portion may be between 250mm and 900mm. However, it should be appreciated that the diameter of the body portion may be any diameter required for use of the apparatus.

The body portion 12' has a longitudinal axis 12". The upper portion of the body portion 12' defines the fluid outlet 12b' and the lower portion of the body portion 12' defines the fluid inlet 12a'. The body portion 12' is hollow. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the body portion 12' is made from metal. However, it should be appreciated that the body portion 12' could be made from any suitable material that is capable of being pressed into silt material, or the like, and is capable of withstanding the forces involved in sucking the fluid between the fluid inlet 12a' and fluid outlet 12b'. That is, the body portion 12' should be made of a material that will not collapse when the suction device 16 operates. The body portion 12' is therefore suitably rigid. The fluid outlet 12b' of the body portion 12' includes a connector 12d' for connection to the suction device 16. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the connector 12d' is a fitting that is formed on the outer surface of the upper portion 12c' of the body portion 12'. The connector 12d' of the fluid outlet 12b' is configured to connect with a hose 18. The hose 18 may be flexible and may be made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), rubber, urethane or polypropylene. The hose 18 may be a metal reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

As described further below, the fluid injector 14' is connectable to a source of pressurised fluid 20 and, in use, the fluid injector 14' delivers

pressurised fluid to the apparatus 10'. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the fluid injector 14' is operable to deliver pressurised fluid to the area around the fluid inlet 12a' of the body portion 12'. However, it should be appreciated that the fluid injector may be operable to deliver pressurised fluid to other parts of the body portion 12' or apparatus 10'.

As illustrated in figures 3 and 4, the fluid injector 14' is a toroid that circumscribes the fluid inlet 12a' of the body portion 12'. As illustrated in figures 3 and 4, the fluid injector 14' includes a plurality of nozzles 14a', each nozzle 14a' being configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus 10'. As illustrated, the nozzles 14a' are arranged such that pressurised fluid is delivered in a plurality of different directions away from the toroid. The nozzles 14a' are configured to deliver pressurised fluid in the form of jets 14b'.

The fluid injector 14' has a connector 14c' for connection to the source of pressurised fluid 20. The connector 14c' is a cylindrical member having a longitudinal axis 14d'. The connector 14c' is arranged such that its longitudinal axis 14d' is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 12" of the body portion 12'.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here the fluid injector 14' has two connectors 14e' and 14f for the connection of two sources of pressurised fluid. In this arrangement the sources of pressurised fluid may be mixed together before delivery to the apparatus 10'. The source of pressurised fluid may be a source of compressed air, or a source of high- pressure water, or an air/water mixture. The connector 14c' is a Y-pipe with two connectors 14e' and 14f. The two connectors 14e' and 14f define inlets for the pressurised fluid. One of the two connectors 14e' and 14f can be blanked off if not in use, i.e. if only one source of pressurised fluid is being used. The connector 14c' is made of metal.

The source of pressurised fluid 20 is connected to the connector 14c' by a hose 22. The source of pressurised fluid 20 may be releasably connected to the connector 14c'.

As described below, the apparatus 10' may also include a second fluid injector located towards the fluid outlet 12b of the body portion 12. In this arrangement the apparatus 10 includes first and second fluid injectors.

With reference to figure 5, a description of the use of the fluid transfer apparatus 10' as part of a fluid transfer system 24 will now be given.

Figure 5 illustrates a well 26 that has submerged material 28 located at the bottom of the well 26 under a head of water 30. The fluid transfer apparatus 10' is connected to a suction device 16 by hoses 18 and 22. As described above, hose 18 is connected to the connector 12d' of the fluid outlet 12b' and hose 22 is connected to the connector 14c' of the fluid injector 14'. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the suction device 16 is part of a vehicle 32. The vehicle 32 includes a storage tank 16a for the fluid transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus 10. The vehicle 32 also includes the source of pressurised fluid 20. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the suction device itself is a pump, compressor, or an air mover/pump that uses the venturi air technique. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the material 28 is silt. However, it should be appreciated that the material 28 could be one or more of the group consisting: clay, sludge, looser soils, general debris, gravel, waste material and slurry.

As illustrated in figure 5, the body portion 12' of the fluid transfer apparatus 10' is much narrower than the bore 26a of the well 26. The body portion 12' is cylindrical and the diameter of the body portion 12' is substantially less than the diameter of the bore 26a of the well 26.

In operation the fluid transfer apparatus 10' is lowered into the well 26 through the head of water 30 until the fluid inlet 12a' of the body portion 12' is in contact with the material 28 or sunk into the material 28, as illustrated.

With the fluid transfer apparatus 10' located in the position illustrated in figure 5, operation of the fluid injector 14' and suction device 16 can now take place.

As described above, the fluid injector 14' injects jets of compressed air (or compressed air/water mixture) around the fluid inlet 12a' of the body portion 12'. These jets of compressed air impact upon the material 28 and cause the material 28 to disperse with the water 30 surrounding the material 28. This dispersed material is then sucked into body portion 12' via the fluid inlet 12a' and out of the fluid outlet 12b' to the tank 16a of the suction device 16.

The fluid transfer apparatus 10' is manoeuvred around the well 26 to disperse and remove the material 28. Operation of the suction device 16 and fluid injector 14' is continued until all, or at least the majority, of the material 28 has been removed from the well 26.

By encapsulating the material 28 with the body portion 12', or locating the fluid inlet 12a' of the body portion 12' adjacent the material 28,

substantially only the dispersed material is transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus 10' to the tank 16a of the suction device 16. The majority of the head of water 30 remains in the well 26, substantially only the material 28 and some water 30 is removed in the process. That is, the fluid transfer apparatus 10' of the present invention allows for removal of substantially only the material 28 within the well 26. Very little water 30 is removed from the well 26 with this apparatus and method.

Figure 6 illustrates an alternate embodiment of the present invention where the fluid transfer apparatus 10" is used with a structure 34 (or tank). The fluid transfer apparatus 10" of figure 6 is generally the same as the fluid transfer apparatus 10 of figures 1 and 2, the only difference being the shape of the body portion 12". As illustrated, the body portion 12" of the fluid transfer apparatus 10" is generally cuboid-shaped. The operation of the fluid transfer apparatus 10" is the same as that of the fluid transfer apparatus 10 of figures 1 and 2.

Figure 6 illustrates a structure 34, such as a tank, or the like, that has a submerged material 28 located at the lower portion of a channel 34a of the structure 34. The material 28 is submerged beneath a head of water 30. The fluid transfer apparatus 10" is connected to a suction device (not illustrated) by hoses 18 and 22. As described above in relation to the first embodiment, hose 18 is connected to the connector of the fluid outlet and hose 22 is connected to the connector of the fluid injector. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the suction device is part of a vehicle. The vehicle includes a storage tank for the fluid transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus 10". The vehicle also includes the source of pressurised fluid. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the suction device itself is a pump, compressor, or an air mover/pump that uses the venturi air technique. The suction device may be a standalone device, or included as part of the vehicle 32.

As illustrated in figure 6, the body portion 12" of the fluid transfer apparatus 10" is dimensioned so that it can fit into the channel 34a of the structure 34. That is, the cuboid shape of the body portion 12"

substantially matches a portion of the shape of the channel 34a.

Furthermore, since the body portion 12" is hollow, the body portion 12" is capable of encapsulating almost all of the material 28 at the bottom of the channel 34a. Some force may be required to push the body portion 12" through the material 28. This force may come from the weight of the body portion 12" itself. The body portion 12" may also be located adjacent the material 28, and then lowered downwards during operation. In this arrangement the body portion 12" of the apparatus 10" is in a "close fit" arrangement with the channel 34a of the structure 34.

With the fluid transfer apparatus 10" located in the position illustrated in figure 6, operation of the fluid injector 14" and suction device can now take place. As described above, the fluid injector 14" injects jets of compressed air into the body portion 12". These jets of compressed air impact upon the material 28 and cause the material 28 to disperse with the water 30 surrounding the material 28. This dispersed material is then sucked into body portion 12" via the fluid inlet and out of the fluid outlet to the tank of the suction device.

The fluid transfer apparatus 10" also includes a frame member 36 (or gantry). The frame member 36 is capable of suspending the fluid transfer apparatus 10" and also capable of raising and lowering the fluid transfer apparatus 10" into and out of the structure 34. The frame member 36 is also moveable relative to the structure 34. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the frame member 36 includes roller wheels 36a that allow the frame member 36 to move along corresponding tracks 36b in the structure 34.

In operation the fluid transfer apparatus 10" is manoeuvred slowly along the channel 34a of the structure 34 until all, or at least the majority, of the material 28 has been removed from the channel 34a.

By encapsulating the material 28 with the body portion 12", or locating the fluid inlet of the body portion 12" adjacent the material 28, substantially only the dispersed material is transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus 10" to the tank of the suction device. The majority of the head of water 30 remains in the channel 34a, substantially only the material 28 and some water 30 is removed in the process. That is, the fluid transfer apparatus 10" of the present invention allows for removal of substantially only the material 28 within the channel 34a. Very little water 30 is removed from the channel 34a with this apparatus and method. Together the fluid transfer apparatus 10, 10', 10", suction device 16 and source or pressurised fluid provide 20 a fluid transfer system.

The fluid transport apparatus 10, 10', 10" and the method of using the same thus provides a fast and efficient way of removing materials such as silt or sludge from structures or wells. The apparatus 10, 10', 10" and method avoid the need to remove heads of water above the material before removing the material itself. The fluid transport apparatus 10, 10', 10" and the method of the present invention is thus less time consuming and expensive than known methods.

Furthermore, the fluid injector 14 14' of the present invention allows hardened material to be broken down and dispersed. The fluid transport apparatus 10, 10', 10" and the method is capable of operating over a horizontal length of 300m and a vertical depth of 100m.

Modifications may be made to the above without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the shape of the cross section of the body portion in a plane that is perpendicular to its longitudinal may be substantially the same as the shape of the bore of the well, structure, or channel, in the same plane.

Also, although the body portion has been described above as being made of metal, it should be appreciated that the body portion may be made of a plastic material or a rubber material.

Furthermore, although the fluid injector has been illustrated and described above as being configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion or adjacent to the fluid inlet of the body portion, it should be appreciated that the fluid injector may be configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the outside of the body portion, or about the body portion and in any direction. Also, although the fluid injector has been illustrated and described above as delivering a jet of pressurised fluid, it should be appreciated that the fluid injector may be configured to deliver a plurality of jets of pressurised fluid. Similarly, although the apparatus has been illustrated and described above as having a single fluid injector, it should be appreciated that the apparatus may include two or more fluid injectors, each fluid injector being configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus.

Furthermore, although the material has been described as a generally solid material that is broken down and dispersed with the water. It should be appreciated that the material may be another fluid. Also, the

submerged material may be submerged under a head of fluid that is not necessarily a head of water.

Also, although the term "dispersion" has been used for the combination of the broken down material and water, it should be appreciated that the term "emulsion" may be used mutatis mutandis where the material is a fluid.

Furthermore, although the apparatus and method has been illustrated and described above as operating vertically, i.e. where the submerged material is below a head of water (or other fluid), it should also be appreciated that the apparatus and method can also be used in a horizontal application to remove vertically arranged material, e.g. silt/sludge build up on the side of a structure, tank, or the like. Also, although the apparatus 10' of figure 5 has been illustrated and described as operating under a head of water 30, it should be appreciated that the apparatus 10' may operate in a well without a head of water. In this arrangement the apparatus 10' will disperse or emulsify the material 28 and allow suction of material 28 through the apparatus 10', as described above.

Furthermore, although the fluid injector 14' of the apparatus 10' has been illustrated and described as being located on the outside of the body portion 12', it should be appreciated that the fluid injector 14' and the nozzles 14a' may be located on the inside of the body portion 12'. In this arrangement the fluid injector 14' is configured to deliver pressurised fluid in and around the fluid inlet 12a' from inside the body portion 12'. It should also be appreciated that the fluid injector 14' of the apparatus 10' may be located on the outside of the body portion 12', but the nozzles 14a' may be located on the inside of the body portion 12'. In this arrangement the fluid injector 14' would be arranged to deliver pressurised fluid from the outside of the body portion 12' to the inside of the body portion 12'.

Although the apparatus 10, 10', 10" has been illustrated and described above has including a single fluid injector 14, 14', 14", it should be appreciated that the apparatus 10, 10', 10" may include two or more fluid injectors 14, 14', 14". For example, the apparatus 10, 10', 10" may comprise a first fluid injector and a second fluid injector, the first fluid injector may be located towards the upper end of the body portion and the second fluid injector may be located towards the lower end of the body portion. Each fluid injector may be configured to deliver at least one jet of fluid, or jet of pressurised fluid to the apparatus. Each fluid injector may be configured to deliver a jet of pressurised fluid to the body portion. The second fluid injector may be located inside or outside the body portion of the apparatus.

Claims

1 . A fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

a fluid injector, the fluid injector being connectable to a source of pressurised fluid such that, in use, the fluid injector may deliver fluid to the apparatus.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the fluid inlet is located towards the lower end of the body portion and the fluid outlet is located towards the upper end of the body portion.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the body portion is hollow.

4. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein upper end of the body portion is at least partially closed and the lower end of the body portion is open.

5. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the upper end of the body portion defines the fluid outlet and the lower end of the body portion defines the fluid inlet.

6. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid outlet of the body portion includes a connector for connection of the suction device thereto.

7. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the body portion is rigid.

8. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid injector is configured to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside of the body portion, the outside of the body portion, or an area adjacent the fluid inlet.

9. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid injector is configured to deliver a jet, or jets, of pressurised fluid to the apparatus.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the fluid injector may be configured to direct the plurality of jets of pressurised fluid a plurality of different directions, or trajectories.

1 1 . The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid injector is located towards the upper end of the body portion.

12. The apparatus of any of claims 4 to 1 1 , wherein the fluid injector is located on the at least partially closed upper portion of the body portion.

13. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid injector includes a connector for connection of the source of pressurised fluid thereto.

14. The apparatus of any of claims 4 to 10, wherein the fluid injector is located towards the lower end of the body portion.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the fluid injector at least partially surrounds the body portion of the apparatus.

16. The apparatus of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the fluid injector is a toroid and includes a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being operable to deliver pressurised fluid to the apparatus.

17. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the fluid injector is configured to direct pressurised fluid both towards the fluid inlet of the body portion and away from the fluid inlet of the body portion.

18. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 17, wherein the fluid injector includes one or more connectors for connecting one or more sources of pressurised fluid thereto.

19. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 18, wherein the connector includes two inlets and one outlet.

20. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus includes a first fluid injector and a second fluid injector, wherein the first fluid injector is located towards the upper end of the body portion and the second fluid injector is located towards the lower end of the body portion.

21 . The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the source of pressurised fluid is a source of compressed air, high-pressure water, or a compressed air/water mixture.

22. A fluid transfer system comprising:

a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

a body portion having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid outlet is connectable to a suction device such that, in use, fluid may be transferred from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet; and a fluid injector, the fluid injector being connectable to a source of pressurised fluid such that, in use, the fluid injector may deliver fluid to the apparatus;

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the suction device includes a storage tank for the fluid transferred through the fluid transfer apparatus.

24. The system of claim 22 or claim 23, wherein the fluid transfer system further comprises a frame member, the frame member being configured to provide support to the fluid transfer apparatus.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the frame member is configured such that the fluid transfer apparatus may be raised and lowered relative to the frame member.

26. The system of claim 24 or claim 25, wherein the frame member is fixed in position relative to the fluid transfer apparatus and the frame member and fluid transfer apparatus are moveable relative to the ground.

27. A method of dispersing and transferring a submerged material comprising the steps of:

providing a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

locating the fluid inlet of the fluid transfer apparatus beside the submerged material to be dispersed and transferred;

28. A material dispersion and transfer apparatus comprising:

a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

a fluid injector, the fluid injector being connectable to a source of pressurised fluid such that, in use, the fluid injector may deliver fluid to the apparatus;

29. A method of dispersing and transferring a submerged material from a well bore comprising the steps of:

providing a fluid transfer apparatus comprising:

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the step of providing a fluid transfer apparatus includes providing a fluid transfer apparatus having body portion where the shape of the lateral cross section of the fluid transfer apparatus in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal axis may substantially match shape of the bore of the well bore.

31 . The method of claim 29, wherein the step of providing a fluid transfer apparatus includes providing a fluid transfer apparatus having an outer circumferential shape that substantially matches the shape of the bore of the well.

32. A method of dispersing and transferring a submerged material from a structure comprising the steps of:

providing a fluid transfer apparatus comprising: