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EP3220480A1 - Agencement de rayonnement dipolaire - Google Patents

Agencement de rayonnement dipolaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3220480A1
EP3220480A1 EP17160394.7A EP17160394A EP3220480A1 EP 3220480 A1 EP3220480 A1 EP 3220480A1 EP 17160394 A EP17160394 A EP 17160394A EP 3220480 A1 EP3220480 A1 EP 3220480A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiator
frame
halves
dipole
director
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17160394.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3220480B1 (fr
EP3220480B8 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Heyde
Markus Quitt
Johannes Kellerer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102016104611.6A external-priority patent/DE102016104611B4/de
Application filed by Kathrein Werke KG filed Critical Kathrein Werke KG
Publication of EP3220480A1 publication Critical patent/EP3220480A1/fr
Publication of EP3220480B1 publication Critical patent/EP3220480B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3220480B8 publication Critical patent/EP3220480B8/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dipole radiator arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Dipole radiators are for example from the Vorveröttingungen DE 197 22 742 A such as DE 196 27 015 A known.
  • Such dipole radiators can have a conventional dipole structure or consist, for example, of a crossed dipole or a dipole square, etc.
  • a so-called vector dipole is eg from the pre-publication WO 00/39894 A1 known. Its structure seems to be comparable to a dipole square. However, due to the specific design of the dipole radiator according to this prior publication and the special feed of this dipole radiator acts much like a Wiendipol, which radiates in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes. In terms of design, it is rather square, in particular due to its outer contour design.
  • Such dipole radiators are usually fed so that a dipole or radiator half is DC-connected (ie galvanically) to an outer conductor, whereas the inner conductor of a coaxial connecting cable is connected to the second dipole or radiator half in DC fashion (ie in turn galvanically).
  • the feed takes place in each case at the mutually facing end portions of the dipole or radiator halves.
  • the respective associated half of the support device of the radiator arrangement can be galvanically grounded or capacitively coupled to ground at the foot region or at the base of the support device.
  • a dipole radiator arrangement which comprises two pairs of radiator halves, which are arranged rotated by 90 ° to each other, whereby the dipole radiator arrangement transmits in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes.
  • a passive beam shaping frame is shown, which is arranged in the reflector parallel to the radiator halves in the direction of reflector.
  • a Director is shown, which is arranged parallel to the radiator halves, wherein the radiator halves are arranged closer to the reflector than the director.
  • radiator arrangements of the prior art have too low a bandwidth.
  • the dipole radiator arrangement comprises two pairs of radiator halves, which are arranged rotated by 90 ° to each other, so that the dipole radiator arrangement in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes sends and / or receives.
  • Two radiator halves, which form a pair, are arranged diagonally to each other.
  • the radiator halves can be arranged or arranged parallel to this in a radiator plane at a distance in front of a reflector.
  • a balancing and / or support assembly having a first end and a base at a second end opposite the first end serves to hold the two radiator halves, which are disposed at the first end of the balancing and / or support assembly.
  • the basis of Symmetric and / or carrier arrangement can be fastened to a base body.
  • a passive beam shaping frame is provided, which is arranged in the direction of the base of the radiator halves spaced therefrom.
  • the passive beamforming frame consists of several frame sides that form a circumferential frame bar that defines an opening.
  • the passive beamforming frame is aligned parallel to the radiator plane.
  • the passive beam shaping frame has in the region of its corners a widening of its peripheral frame web, wherein this broadening of the frame web extends parallel to the radiator plane and / or transversely to the radiator plane.
  • the bandwidth can be markedly increased.
  • the reflection factor of the dipole radiator arrangement improves in the lower frequency range.
  • Such a dipole radiator arrangement can therefore be used in particular in the frequency range from about 550 MHz to about 960 MHz.
  • the dipole radiator arrangement according to the invention can also be used.
  • the widenings of the frame web extend on its inner circumferential wall, so that the frame web extends closer in the region of its corners in the direction of a longitudinal axis through the dipole-shaped radiator arrangement. It is also possible that, alternatively or additionally, the widenings of the frame web extend on its outer circumferential wall.
  • radiator halves overlap at least partially or completely with the widenings of the frame web which are formed on its inner circumferential wall.
  • the broadening is preferably carried out tapered, so in one or more stages intermittent. It would also be possible for the broadening to occur continuously.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the frame web is chamfered in the region of its corners, wherein the broadening is formed transversely to the radiator plane at this bevel.
  • the widening can either extend transversely to the radiator plane in the direction of the base of the radiator arrangement or in the direction of the radiator plane.
  • the broadening preferably runs perpendicular to the radiator plane.
  • the corners of the outer circumferential wall of the frame web are preferably chamfered over a length which corresponds approximately to the width of the frame web at its non-widened locations.
  • the spacers extend perpendicular to the radiator plane preferably over a length which also corresponds approximately to the width of the frame web at its non-widened locations.
  • two frame sides each run Frame web to form a corner toward each other, wherein the spacers parallel to the radiator plane at the individual frame sides of the peripheral frame web, so those who run towards each other to form a corner over a partial length of the respective frame sides, wherein the partial lengths each equidistant from extending away from the corners.
  • the passive beam-shaping frame each have a lug in their center, which extend approximately parallel to the radiator plane or transversely to the radiator plane.
  • These flags are preferably rectangular or square in plan view. They can also be trapezoidal or semicircular or semi-oval or the edge contour can be n-polygonal in plan view.
  • the tabs further preferably extend toward the center of the passive beam forming frame and in this case are formed on an inner circumferential wall of the frame land. It would also be possible for the flags to extend in the opposite direction, ie outwards. In this case, they would be arranged on an outer circumferential wall of the frame web.
  • bandwidth can be increased by using a director with the director aligned parallel to the radiator plane.
  • the radiator halves are arranged closer to the base or can be arranged than the director.
  • the director is doing with its outer sides at an angle between 30 ° and 60 °, preferably 45 ° rotated to the Outer sides and / or inner sides of the radiator halves arranged.
  • the director comprises a recess in its center.
  • This recess is square, with the insides of the recess of the director running parallel to the outsides of the director.
  • the director preferably comprises on each outer side an outwardly extending, ie parallel to the radiator plane extending, protruding tab.
  • This protruding tab is preferably formed in the middle of each outside of the director.
  • radiator halves are arranged closer to the base than the metal strip.
  • the metal strips are arranged in plan view of the dipole radiator arrangement in the region of the outer sides of the radiator halves.
  • the metal strips are preferably rectangular structures.
  • Such a metal strip runs approximately parallel to two outer sides of two adjacent radiator halves.
  • the two radiator halves belong to different pairs of radiator halves. Particularly good results are achieved if the metal strips run parallel to each frame side of the frame web.
  • each metal strip is free of overlaps arranged to a recess which is located within the radiator halves, or which is bounded by each radiator half.
  • the metal strips act as parasitically coupled resonators. The height of the resonators above the dipole is lower in this case than when using a director. As a result, the dipole radiator arrangement can be made more compact and can also be used in smaller radomes.
  • the metal strips are further away from a longitudinal axis which passes centrally through the radiator arrangement than the respective outer sides of the radiator halves.
  • At least four metal strips are preferably used.
  • one of the metal strips is arranged in the region of the outer sides of two adjacent radiator halves.
  • two adjacent metal strips preferably converge toward each other at an angle of approximately 90 °, whereby they end at a distance from one another.
  • the metal strips can be arranged in comparison to the two outer sides of two adjacent radiator halves.
  • the at least one metal strip it is possible for the at least one metal strip to overlap the two outer sides of the two adjacent radiator halves at least with a partial width in plan view of the dipole-shaped radiator arrangement.
  • the area is, with which of the metal strips the first radiator half overlaps approximately as large as the surface with which the metal strip overlaps the second radiator half.
  • the at least one metal strip directly adjoins two outer sides of two adjacent radiator halves, without an overlap being present.
  • an imaginary plane passing through the sidewalls of the outsides of the adjacent radiator halves and through the outside of the metal strip would be perpendicular to the radiator plane.
  • the at least one metal strip it would alternatively be possible for the at least one metal strip to be offset from the two outer sides of the two adjacent radiator halves in such a way that there is still a gap between the metal strip and the two adjacent radiator halves in plan view. In this case, the metal strip extends further outward than the two outer sides of the radiator halves.
  • the length of the metal strips corresponds to approximately one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency.
  • the passive beam shaping frame together with the director or the metal strip via at least one common holding and spacing element is galvanically separated supported on one or all radiator halves and spaced from this. As a result, the assembly can be significantly simplified.
  • the FIGS. 1 and 2 show different spatial representations of the dipole radiator arrangement 1.
  • the dipole radiator arrangement 1 comprises two pairs 2, 3 of radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b. These two pairs 2, 3 of radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are in particular in FIG. 4 clearly visible. These two pairs 2, 3 of radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are arranged rotated by 90 ° to each other so that the dipole radiator arrangement 1 in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes 4a, 4b sends and / or receives.
  • the radiator halves 2a, 2b, and 3a, 3b are aligned in a radiator plane 5. This radiator plane 5 is for example in FIG. 3 shown.
  • These radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b can be arranged or arranged at a distance in front of a reflector 6 parallel to this.
  • the reflector 6 is in FIG. 3 shown in dashed lines.
  • the dipole radiator arrangement 1 also comprises a balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7 which has a first end 7a and a second end 7b. The second end 7b faces the first end 7a.
  • the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are arranged at the first end 7a of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7.
  • the second end 7b of the balancing and / or support arrangement 7 can be fastened or fastened at least indirectly to the reflector 6.
  • An indirect fastening may be present, for example, when the second end 7b of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7 is fastened to a printed circuit board, a metal layer of this printed circuit board simultaneously forming the reflector 6. A separate reflector 6 below the circuit board could also be present.
  • the reflector 6 or the printed circuit board can also be referred to as the main body.
  • the second end 7b of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7 can also be referred to as the base 10.
  • the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7 can also be capacitively coupled to the reflector 6 or the printed circuit board. This means that an insulating gap or a dielectric is formed between the reflector 6 or the printed circuit board and the base 10.
  • the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7 consists and / or comprises a carrier 7c.
  • the balancing and / or carrier arrangement in each case comprises a carrier 7c for each radiator half 2a, 2b or 3a, 3b.
  • This carrier 7c extends substantially or exclusively in parallel along a longitudinal axis 8, which passes through the dipole radiator arrangement 1.
  • the carriers 7c are galvanically connected to the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b at the first end 7a of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7.
  • a capacitive coupling of the carrier 7c with the first end 7a of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7 would also be possible.
  • a gap 9 is formed, which preferably extends from the first end 7a to the second end 7b and serves for balancing.
  • the carriers 7 are preferably galvanically connected to one another at the second end 7b of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement, ie at their base 10.
  • a feed of the dipole radiator arrangement 1 is preferably carried out such that two cables, each having an inner and an outer conductor, each having a pair 2, 3 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b is connected.
  • the outer conductor of the first cable is connected to a first radiator half 2a of the first pair 2.
  • the inner conductor of the first cable is connected to the second radiator half 2b of the first pair 2.
  • the outer conductor of the second cable is connected to the first radiator half 3a of the second pair 3.
  • the inner conductor of the second cable is correspondingly connected to the second radiator half 3b of the second pair 3.
  • the inner conductors therefore cross each other.
  • the connection preferably takes place at the first end 7a of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7. It would in principle also be possible for the outer conductors to cross over one another.
  • the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b have a substantially square radiator frame 11.
  • the radiator frames 11 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b have a recess 12 which defines an opening.
  • Each radiator frame 11 consists of four sides, wherein in each case two sides of a radiator frame 11 are arranged parallel to two other sides of another radiator frame 11.
  • the supply of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b takes place at the point at which two inner sides 11b of a radiator half 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b meet.
  • Each inner side 11b is connected to an outer side 11a.
  • the outer corner is preferably bevelled.
  • the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b can also be designed without a recess 12.
  • the sides of the recess 12 are arranged parallel to the sides of the radiator frame 11.
  • the sides of the recess 12 may also be rotated at an angle, in particular of 45 °, relative to the sides of the radiator frame 11.
  • the recesses 12 of the radiator frame 11 have in this case in plan view the shape of a square. she However, they can be generally rectangular or have a different cross-section. This means that the recesses 12 can be chosen differently in terms of their size and shape in a wide range.
  • the radiator frames 11 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are connected at their first corners to the first end 7a of the individual carriers 7c of the balancing and / or carrier arrangement 7.
  • Another corner of the radiator frames 11 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b, which is opposite to the respective first corner, preferably diagonally opposite, is preferably bevelled.
  • the other corners are preferably less strong or not bevelled.
  • the beveled corners are those corners of the radiator frames 11 which are furthest from the longitudinal axis 8.
  • a passive beam-forming frame 15 is shown, which is arranged offset in the direction of the reflector 6, ie in the direction of the base 10 to the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 consists of several frame sides 15 a, 15 b, 15 c, 15 d, which form a peripheral frame web 16.
  • the circumferential frame web 16 defines an opening 17.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is aligned parallel to the radiator plane 5.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is shown in more detail.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is rectangular in plan view, in particular square. This means that the passive beamforming frame 15 preferably has four equally long frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d.
  • An outer circumferential wall 18a of the frame web 16 is bevelled in the area of its corners.
  • This bevel preferably has an angle of 45 °. However, this angle may deviate from the desired 45 ° by less than + 20 °, more preferably by less than ⁇ 10 °.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 has in the region of its corners a widening 20 of its peripheral frame web 16, wherein this widening 20 of the frame web extends parallel to the radiator plane 5 and / or transversely to the radiator plane 5.
  • this widening 20 of the frame web extends parallel to the radiator plane 5 and / or transversely to the radiator plane 5.
  • the widenings 20 of the frame web 16 are preferably made on its inner peripheral wall 18 b. This means that the frame web 16 extends more in the region of its corners, that is to say closer in the direction of the longitudinal axis 8. It would also be possible for the spacers 20 of the frame web 16 to extend on its outer circumferential wall 18a. However, this fact is not shown in the drawing figures.
  • the widenings 20 are tapered, ie in one or more stages. In the drawing figures, the widenings 20 take place in one stage. However, it would also be possible for the widenings 20 to be continuous. One such case is in FIG. 5C shown. The continuous course can take place over different lengths.
  • the widenings 20 preferably take place only in the region of the corners of the passive beam shaping frame 15. This means that the peripheral frame web in plan view in the middle of the respective frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d thinner, that is less wide, than in the region of its corners.
  • the widenings 20 of the frame web 16 are preferably formed identically on all frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d. This means that the spacers 20 run symmetrically to a diagonal through the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • the widenings 20 of the frame web 16, which run parallel to the radiator plane 5, take place over a partial length of the individual frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the peripheral frame web 16.
  • the partial length is less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, preferably less than 10% but greater than 5% of the length of the individual frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d measured on the outer peripheral wall 18a.
  • the width of the distributions 20 are preferably greater than 10%, preferably greater than 20%, preferably greater than 25% but less than 40%, more preferably less than 35% of the width of the peripheral frame web 16 at its non-widened point.
  • the width of the spreads 20 is at 35% of the width of the peripheral frame land 16 as measured at its unexpanded location.
  • the non-widened location of the circumferential frame web 16 is preferably the location in the middle of each frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d. This point is preferably equidistant from both corners. Should the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d at this point with respect to their Width differ can be used as the mean of this width.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is preferably formed in one piece. A multi-part training would also be conceivable.
  • the peripheral frame web 16 is preferably designed without interruption. However, it could also have interruptions or recesses which extend over part of its width at one or more frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d or are formed there. These interruptions could partially protrude into the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d or enforce them completely.
  • radiator frames 11 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b which face the corners of the passive beam shaping frame 15, bevelled.
  • the radiator frames 11 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are arranged with their sides parallel to the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the frame web.
  • FIGS. 1 . 2 . 3 and 5A can also be seen that a widening 20 in addition across is formed to the radiator plane 5.
  • This broadening 20 transversely to the radiator plane 5 may be performed as an alternative or in addition to the broadening 20, which is formed parallel to the radiator plane 5.
  • the broadening 20 transversely to the radiator plane 5 is preferably aligned perpendicular to the radiator plane 5. A deviation from this perpendicular of less than ⁇ 40 °, preferably less than ⁇ 20 °, preferably less than ⁇ 15 °, more preferably less than ⁇ 10 °, more preferably ⁇ 5 ° is also possible.
  • the corners of the outer peripheral wall 18a of the frame web 16 are chamfered over a length which preferably corresponds approximately to twice the width of the frame web 16 at its non-widened locations.
  • the spacers 20 preferably extend perpendicular to the radiator plane 5 over a length which likewise corresponds approximately to the width of the frame web 16 at its non-widened locations.
  • the widening 20 extends transversely to the radiator plane 5 in the direction of the base 10 of the balancing and / or support assembly 7.
  • the widening 20 transversely to the radiator plane 5 therefore extends in the direction of the reflector 6.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 at each of its Corners a widening 20 transverse to the radiator plane 5.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is preferably made in one piece by a stamping process. The same applies to the two pairs 2, 3 of radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b which are produced in one piece in a punching process together with the balancing and / or support assembly 7. These can still be formed by an additional bending process.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B which show a view from above and a view from below of the dipole radiator arrangement 1, it can be seen that at least part of the radiator halves 2a, 2b or 3a, 3b, ie a part of the radiator frames 11, at least partially or completely overlap the extensions 20 of the frame web 16, which are formed on the inner peripheral wall 18 b.
  • the radiator frames 11 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b terminate flush with the frame web 16 of the passive beam shaping frame 15 at the non-widened locations of the frame web 16.
  • a director 30 is shown, which also contributes to increasing the bandwidth.
  • the director 30, like the passive beam shaping frame 15, is aligned parallel to the radiator plane 5.
  • the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are closer in the direction of the reflector 6, that is arranged closer to the base of the balancing and / or support assembly 7, as the director 30. This means that the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b are arranged between the passive beam shaping frame 15 and the director 30.
  • the director 30 is not mandatory.
  • the director 30 is arranged with its outer sides 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d at an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° and in particular rotated by 45 ° to the outer sides 11a and / or inner sides 11b of the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b ,
  • the outer sides 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of the director 30 can be arranged in plan view parallel to a diagonal through the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b.
  • the director 30 is also arranged with its outer sides 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d rotated through an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° to the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • the angle may also be between 35 ° and 55 °, preferably between 40 ° and 50 ° and more preferably equal to 45 °.
  • the director 30 is rectangular, in particular square. In its center, through which extends the longitudinal axis 8 of the dipole radiator arrangement 1, the director 30 comprises a recess 31.
  • the shape of the recess 31 substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the director 30.
  • the recess 31 is rectangular, in particular square, wherein the sides of the recess 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d of the director 30 are parallel to the outer sides 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of the director 30. You could also go 45 ° be offset to the outer sides 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d. Another twist, for example, an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° would also be possible.
  • the recess 31 may also have a different shape. It is conceivable that the recess 31 has, for example, the shape of a circle, an oval or a regular or irregular n-polygon.
  • the director 30 also includes on each outer side 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d an outwardly - parallel to the radiator plane 5 - protruding tab 32.
  • the protruding tab 32 is preferably formed in the center of each outer side 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of the director 30th , It could also be offset from the center.
  • tabs 32 There may also be a plurality of tabs 32, which are arranged on a common outer side 30 a, 30 b, 30 c, 30 d of the director 30. Also, not every outer side 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of the director needs to have a tab 32. It would also be sufficient if only two opposing outer sides 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d (these are parallel to each other) each have a protruding tab 32. With regard FIG. 6B It can also be seen that in plan view of the director 30, an outer side 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of each tab 32 extends parallel to a diagonal extending through each radiator half 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b, respectively.
  • the director 30 is preferably also formed in one piece.
  • the director 30 may preferably be manufactured in a stamping process. Both the passive beamforming frame 15 and the director 30 are - as well as the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b - formed from an electrically conductive material, or coated with such.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 together with the director 30 via at least one common support and spacer galvanically isolated on one or all radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b is supported and held spaced therefrom.
  • the common holding and spacer element is preferably formed in one piece.
  • the common holding and spacing element can also engage in and support the balancing and / or support arrangement 7, over which the passive beam shaping frame 15 and the director 30 are kept at a distance.
  • FIG. 3 explains that the distance between the director 30 and the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b corresponds to between 5% and 15% of the wavelength of the center frequency.
  • the center frequency would be 800 MHz.
  • the distance between the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b and the passive beam shaping frame 15 corresponds to 0.5% to 18% of the wavelength of the center frequency. The distance can be chosen arbitrarily between these ranges.
  • the angle by which the corners of the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the frame web 16 can be chamfered is preferably 45 °.
  • a deviation of less than ⁇ 20 °, preferably less than ⁇ 15 °, more preferably less than ⁇ 10 °, more preferably less than ⁇ 5 ° is also conceivable.
  • the other lengths refer to the side length L 1 .
  • the length of a frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d (on the outer peripheral wall 18a) without a chamfer is in the range of 30% to 50% of the wavelength of the center frequency. Preferably, a value of 40% of the wavelength of the center frequency is selected.
  • This specific length L 1 is used to indicate the additional dimension.
  • the width of the frame web 16 at its non-widened locations is 5% to 15%, preferably 10% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the width of the widenings 20 which rest on the inside 18b of the frame web 16 is about 1% to 5%, preferably 2% to 4%, more preferably 3% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the partial length over which the spacers 20 extend on the inside 18b of the frame web 16 is about 8% to 20%, preferably 12% to 16%, more preferably 14% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the wording "in the region of its corners” is to be understood as meaning the area of the frame web 16 of the passive beam shaping frame 15 which extends from the respective corners on the inner side 18b along the partial length along the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d.
  • This partial length is between 8% and 20%, more preferably between 10% and 19%, more preferably between 12% and 17% and more preferably corresponds to 15% of the specific length L 1 corresponds.
  • the spacers 20, which run transversely to the radiator plane 5, extend in a length in the direction of the reflector 6 or in the direction of the director 30, which corresponds to at least 4% of the specific length L 1 and more preferably greater than 5%, or greater is greater than or equal to 10%, or greater than 12%, or greater than 14%, or greater than 16%, or greater than 18%, or greater than 20%, or greater than 22%, or greater than 24% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the length is preferably less than 25% and more preferably less than 22%, or less than 20%, or less than 18%, or less than 15%, or less than 13%, or less than 11% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the width of the widening 20, which extends in the direction of the reflector 6 or in the direction of the director 30, has a length which corresponds to at least 0.05% of the specific length L 1 and more preferably is greater than 0.1%, or greater than 0.3%, or greater than 0.7%, or greater than 1%, or greater than 2%, or greater than 5%, or greater than 7%, or greater than 9%, or greater than 11%, or greater than 12%, or greater than 15%, or greater than 18%, or greater than 20%, or greater than 22%, or greater than 22 % of the specific length L 1 .
  • the length is preferably less than 25% and more preferably less than 22%, or less than 20%, or less than 18%, or less than 16%, or less than 14%, or less than 12%, or less than 10%, or less than 8%, or less than 6%, or less than 4% of the specific length L 1 .
  • This length is in the range of 3% to 10%, more preferably in the range of 5% to 7%, and more preferably 6% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the widenings 20, which extend transversely preferably perpendicular to the radiator plane 5, can also be arranged on an inner side 18 b of the frame web 16.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is based on its dimensions along the longitudinal direction 8 thinner than with respect to its width parallel to the radiator plane 5.
  • the thickness of the frame web 16 parallel to the radiator plane 5 is therefore greater than its extension along the longitudinal axis 8. The same applies to the director 30 and the radiator halves 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b.
  • a further specific length L 2 corresponds to the side 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of the director 30.
  • This further specific length L 2 is preferably in the range between 15% and 35%, more preferably in the range between 20% and 30%, more preferably 25% of the wavelength of the center frequency of the dipole radiator arrangement 1.
  • the tabs 32 extend over a length of 10% to 50%, preferably from 20% to 40% and correspond to about 30% of the further specific length L 2 .
  • the tabs 32 extend away from the director 30 to the outside, so they have a thickness parallel to the radiator plane 5, which is in a range of 1% to 10%, preferably 3% is up to 7% and more preferably 5% of the further specific length L 2 corresponds.
  • the sides 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d of the recess 31 have a length which is in the range of 10% to 25%, preferably in the range of 15% to 20% and more preferably corresponds to 17% of the further specific length L 2 .
  • FIGS. 8A to 8E show various views of another passive beam shaping frame 15 according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the passive beam shaping frame 15 each have a lug 40 in their center.
  • each frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d comprises such a lug 40.
  • there is exactly one lug 40 per frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d such that the passive beamforming frame 15 at four frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d has exactly four flags 40.
  • the flags 40 are approximately parallel to the radiator plane. 5
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is preferably integrally formed with its frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d. It can be produced, for example, in a single stamping process, wherein the spacers 20, which extend transversely to the emitter plane 5, are produced in a further bending process.
  • To the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d also includes the respective flag 40. This means that the passive beam shaping frame 15 with the respective frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d and the flags 40 from a common Part is formed in one piece.
  • the lugs 40 it would also be possible for the lugs 40 to be attached to the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d by means of a soldering or welding process.
  • the flags 40 could also extend transversely to the radiator plane 5. In particular, you could run at an angle of preferably 90 ° to the radiator plane 5 back. A deviation from these 90 ° by less than ⁇ 30 °, preferably by less than ⁇ 20 °, more preferably by less than ⁇ 15 °, more preferably by less than ⁇ 10 ° and more preferably by less than ⁇ 5 ° would also be possible ,
  • the lugs 40 are preferably mounted in the middle of the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d. It is also possible that the tabs 40 may be located slightly away from the center of the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d.
  • the tabs 40 should preferably be spaced less than 20%, more preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5% of the length of the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d from the center of the frame side 15a, 15b, 15c , 15d.
  • the lugs 40 preferably extend from the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d in the direction of the opening 17, which surrounds the frame web 16, that is to say the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • the flags 40 point in the direction of Longitudinal axis 8, which preferably passes through the passive beam shaping frame 15 centrally.
  • lugs 40 it is also possible for a plurality of lugs 40 to be arranged on the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d. These are preferably equidistant from each other or equally spaced from the ends of the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d.
  • the number of lugs 40 on each frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d may differ at all frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d or from frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d to frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d.
  • the lugs 40 also to extend outwards from an outer peripheral wall 18a of the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the frame web 16 and not project into the opening 17 which surrounds the frame web 16.
  • lugs 40 or at least one lug 40, to extend away from the inner circumferential wall 18b of the frame web 16, whereas other lugs 40, or at least one other lug 40, should extend from the outer peripheral wall 18a of FIG Frame web 16 extend away to the outside.
  • Tabs 40 disposed on opposite frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d preferably extend away from the same (inner or outer) peripheral wall 18a, 18b of the frame web 26. It is also possible that no flag 40 is formed on a frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d. In such a case, this preferably also applies to the frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d opposite this frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d.
  • the tabs 40 have a width corresponding to about 5% to 10%, preferably 6% to 9%, more preferably 7% to 8% of the specific length L 1 .
  • the width of the lugs 40 is the side of the lugs 40, which extends approximately parallel to the respective frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d on which the lugs 40 are arranged.
  • a length of the lugs 40 is understood to mean a length with which they extend in the direction of the opening 17 or to the outside of the frame web 16. This length is about 5% to 13%, preferably 7% to 11%, more preferably 8% to 10% of the specific length L 1 and more preferably corresponds to 9% of the specific length L 1 (see Figure 8E ).
  • the lugs 40 may also be trapezoidal or semicircular or semi-oval or the edge contour of the lugs 40 may be formed n-polygonal.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 has no widening 20 in the region of its corners, which extend transversely or perpendicular to the radiator plane 5.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 has no chamfers in the region of its corners on its outer circumferential wall 18a. This means that two frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d converge at an angle of approximately 90 °.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 preferably also has a chamfer in the region of its corners on its outer circumferential wall 18a, which adjoins the respective frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d at approximately an angle of 45 °.
  • the Figures 9A and 9B show different spatial representations of the dipole radiator arrangement 1 according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the dipole-shaped radiator arrangement 1 comprises a passive beam-shaping frame 15, as shown for example in FIGS FIGS. 8a and 8b was shown.
  • This passive beam-shaping frame 15 comprises, in addition to spacers 20 which extend parallel to the radiator plane 5 and transversely, preferably perpendicular, to the radiator plane 5, also flags 40 which are formed in the middle of each frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d and parallel to the radiator plane 5 extend into the opening 17 which is surrounded by the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • the dipole radiator arrangement 1 in this exemplary embodiment does not include a director 30. Instead, the dipole radiator arrangement 1 comprises a plurality of metal strips 50 which are aligned parallel to the radiator plane 5. In this case, both the passive beam shaping frame 15, and the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b to the base 10, and to the reflector 6 are arranged closer than the metal strip 50th
  • the metal strips 50 preferably have a rectangular or rectangular shape. The corners can also be rounded. The metal strips 50 are preferably many times longer than they are wide.
  • the metal strips 50 are arranged in a plan view of the dipole radiator arrangement 1 in the region of the outer sides 11a of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
  • FIGS. 9D to 9F which show a top view of the dipole radiator assembly 1, it will be seen that each metal strip 50 is approximately parallel to two each Outer sides 11a of two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a and 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a extends.
  • each metal strip 50 also extends parallel to each of a frame side 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the frame web 16 of the passive beam shaping frame 15th
  • the metal strips 50 are galvanically isolated both from the radiator halves 2 a, 2 b, 3 a, 3 b, and from the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • each of these metal strips 50 is arranged in the region of two outer sides 11a of two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a or 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a.
  • the center of each metal strip 50 is approximately at the level of a center of the gap 13 between the adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a and 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a. This means that each metal strip 50 is assigned in equal parts to each of the two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a or 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a.
  • the metal strip 50 therefore runs approximately parallel to two outer sides 11a of two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a and 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a, respectively, to different pairs 2, 3 of radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b belong.
  • each metal strip 50 is arranged without overlapping to a recess 12 which is located within the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b. In another embodiment, it is possible that the metal strips 50 are spaced further from a longitudinal axis 8 than the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
  • FIG. 9D is shown in plan view of the dipole radiator arrangement 1, the metal strips 50 each overlap the two outer sides 11a of the corresponding adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a and 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a at least with a partial width.
  • the metal strips 50 overlap the respective outer sides 11a over a partial width that is less than 50% of the width of the metal strips 50 themselves.
  • the metal strips 50 could also be located completely above the two outer sides 11a and overlap with their full width.
  • FIG. 9C a side view of the dipole radiator arrangement 1 is shown.
  • the metal strips 50 and the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b have a different distance to the base 10 or to the passive beam shaping frame 15. It is possible that preferably two metal strips 50 in different planes above the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are arranged. This means that the distance to the base 10, which the metal strips 50 have, is different from metal strips 50 to metal strips 50, in particular from metal strip pair (comprising two or at least two metal strips) to metal strip pair.
  • FIG. 9E In a plan view of the dipole radiator arrangement 1, the metal strips 50 adjoin one another directly on two outer sides 11a of two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a or 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a without overlap.
  • the outer edges of the metal strips 50 and the respective outer sides 11a are in the same plane, wherein the plane in turn aligned perpendicular to the radiator plane 5 is.
  • the metal strips 50 are arranged only in the direction of the longitudinal axis 8 of the respective radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b spaced.
  • FIG. 9F a further embodiment is shown.
  • the metal strips 50 are arranged spaced apart from the respective two outer sides 11a of two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a or 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a in the direction of the longitudinal axis 8.
  • a gap 51 between the metal strip 50 and the two adjacent radiator halves 2a, 3a and 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a is formed.
  • the metal strips 50 are arranged at a distance from the longitudinal axis 8 further away than the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b. It can be seen in plan view that the metal strips 50 do not extend further outside the dipole radiator arrangement 1 than the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • the metal strips 50 could also be arranged without overlapping to the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, wherein the metal stiffeners 50 are preferably further (in the middle) spaced from the longitudinal axis 8 than the outer sides 11a of the radiator halves 2a , 2b, 3a, 3b. It would be possible that an inner edge of the metal strip 50, which is arranged closer in the direction of the longitudinal axis 8 than an outer edge of the metal strip 50, flush with the outer edges of the outer sides 11a of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
  • the metal strips 50 are above the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • the distance of the metal strips 50 to the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b between 0.2% to 5%, preferably 0.5% to 4%, more preferably 0.7% to 3% of the wavelength of the center frequency is and preferably corresponds to 1% of the wavelength of the center frequency.
  • the distance of the metal strip 50 to the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b is thus at least three times smaller than the distance of the director 30 to the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, whereby the dipole radiator assembly 1 is much more compact but nevertheless can be built just as broadband.
  • the distance of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b to the passive beam shaping frame 15 corresponds approximately to that in FIG. 3 has been described.
  • the distance between the metal strips 50 and the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b is significantly smaller than the distance between the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b and the passive beam shaping frame 15.
  • some metal strips 50, the respective adjacent radiator halves 2a , 3a or 3a, 2b and 2b, 3b and 3b, 2a overlap, or adjoin this without overlap or spaced therefrom by a gap 51.
  • the metal strips 50 can be arranged with each other differently from the respective radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b. It would also be possible for the metal strips 50 to be wider and project outwardly beyond the passive beam shaping frame 15 in plan view. Preferably, the metal strips 50 do not protrude above the passive beam shaping frame 15 in plan view.
  • FIG. 9G It can be seen that an inner edge of the metal strip 50 in a plan view of the dipole radiator assembly 1 without overlapping but flush with the recess 12 within the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b adjacent.
  • the metal strips 50 in this case overlap the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, wherein each metal strip 50 preferably overlaps exactly two radiator halves (evenly).
  • the inner edges of the metal strips 50 in plan view of the dipole radiator arrangement 1 are flush with the respective inner edges 55 of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, which bound the recess 12.
  • FIG. 9H a further embodiment of the dipole radiator assembly 1 is shown.
  • the metal strips 50 are arranged without overlapping to the radiator halves 2 a, 2 b, 3 a, 3 b and the beam shaping frame 15.
  • An inner edge of the metal strips 50 runs parallel to the outer circumferential wall 18a of the frame web 16 of the beam-forming frame 15.
  • the inner edges of the metal strips 50 are flush with the outer peripheral wall 18a of the frame web 16 of the beam-forming frame 15 in plan view of the dipole radiator arrangement 1. This means that the inner edge of a metal strip 50 and the peripheral wall 18a lie in a common plane that is perpendicular to the radiator plane 5.
  • the metal strips 50 are preferably arranged symmetrically on the radiator halves 2 a, 2 b, 3 a, 3 b and / or the beam shaping frame 15. This means that each one the two ends of the metal strips 50 is arranged equidistant from the respective corners of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b and the frame web 16 of the beam-forming frame 15.
  • the width of the metal strips 50 could also change over the length of the metal strips.
  • the metal strip 50 is preferably constructed in one piece and consists of an electrically conductive element. In principle, it would be possible that the metal strip 50 could also be constructed from a dielectric which is coated with an electrically conductive layer.
  • the metal strip 50 is preferably rectangular in shape and has approximately a length which corresponds to approximately one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency. In principle, the length may be between 15% and 35%, preferably between 20% and 30% of the wavelength of the center frequency.
  • the width of the metal strip 50 is preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 10% of the length of the metal strip 50.
  • the width of the metal strip 50 corresponds to 0.5% to 2% of the wavelength of the center frequency, more preferably 0.75% to 1.5% and more preferably 1% of the wavelength of the center frequency.
  • the thickness of the metal strip 50 corresponds to less than 50% of the width of the metal strip 50.
  • the metal strip 50 may also have openings. Such openings would be the common holding of the passive Beam shaping frame 15 allow together with the metal strip 50 via at least one common holding and spacing element, which in turn is supported on one or all radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b. Such a common holding and spacing element could engage in the opening of the metal strip 50 by means of a clip or snap connection. A tool-free installation of the metal strip 50 on the common holding and spacer element would thus be possible.
  • a common holding and spacing element is designed, for example, such that it only holds one metal strip 50.
  • the metal strip 50 could also be designed in several parts and comprise a multiplicity of metal strip elements.
  • the metal strip 50 has a width which is preferably smaller than the width of the circumferential frame web 16, ie the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the beam-forming frame 15. Furthermore, the width is preferably also smaller than the width of the outer sides 11a and / or inner sides 11b of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
  • the length of the metal strip 50 is preferably smaller than the length of the frame sides 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the beam shaping frame 15. However, the length of the metal strip 50 is preferably greater than or less than the length of the outer sides 11a and / or inner sides 11b of the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
  • the dipole radiator arrangement 1 is designed in particular in the form of a vector dipole or a dipole square.
  • the longitudinal axis 8 is also a central axis 8 which penetrates the dipole-shaped radiator arrangement 1 in the center and perpendicular to the reflector or radiator plane 5.
  • the passive beam shaping frame 15 is arranged together with the director 30 or the metal strip and the radiator halves 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b on the same side of the reflector 6 spaced therefrom.

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EP17160394.7A 2016-03-14 2017-03-10 Agencement de rayonnement dipolaire Active EP3220480B8 (fr)

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DE102016104611.6A DE102016104611B4 (de) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Dipolförmige Strahleranordnung
DE102016112280 2016-07-05

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EP3220480B1 (fr) 2019-01-09
US20170264021A1 (en) 2017-09-14
EP3220480B8 (fr) 2019-03-06
CN107196068B (zh) 2021-05-28
CN107196068A (zh) 2017-09-22
US10148015B2 (en) 2018-12-04
ES2719213T3 (es) 2019-07-09

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