EP3289131B1 - System and method for consolidating and structuring fibres into a nonwoven - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a system and a method for consolidating and structuring fibers to form a nonwoven according to the preamble of claims 1 and 10.

From the prior art, for example DE 102005033070 A1 , it is known to solidify a fleece between a belt and a drum by means of water jets and at the same time to structure it. The drum can have a pattern for creating a structure on the fleece or a micro perforation for better drainage of water. The use of the drum has proven to be inadequate for processing, for example, wet-laid fibers, since the large amount of water cannot be drained off sufficiently. Furthermore, the strength values of the resulting fleece are insufficient.

The US 3,088,859 describes a device for structuring a fleece, which is guided between a drum and a circulating belt or between two circulating belts.

The object of the present invention is to provide a plant and a method of the type mentioned above, by means of which fibers can be sufficiently solidified and structured.

The object is solved by claims 1 and 10. The subclaims claim advantageous embodiments of the invention.

The plant according to the invention for the strengthening and structuring of fibers comprises a first and a second circulating belt which are used for Strengthening and structuring of fibers to form a fleece are at least partially arranged in parallel and thus form a structuring area. At least one band is designed as a counterband with a multiplicity of pattern-forming openings and at least one water bar is arranged within the counterband in the structuring area for the water jet consolidation of the fibers. The invention is characterized in that the structuring area has a length of at least 0.2 m and the counterband between the pattern-providing openings has micro-openings.

With the combination according to the invention, a longer dwell time for structuring and selective consolidation of the fleece is achieved. The punctual consolidation of the fleece via the micro openings results in a step bed effect, with which a high fluffiness of the products can be achieved.

According to the invention, the counterband between the pattern-providing openings has 3 to 100 micro-openings per square centimeter in a random or regular arrangement. This results in a sufficient strength of the fleece in both directions.

The micro orifices have a hydraulic diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm. With a smaller hydraulic diameter, the effect of the water jets turned out to be too small. With a diameter of more than 2 mm, the micro-openings act like a structure or pattern. It has been found in particular in the case of fibers with a length of 10 to 40 mm that they are solidified at several points.

According to the invention, the at least one water bar is operated at a pressure of 30 to 80 bar, preferably 60 bar. This is significantly less than the known water jet consolidation with 100 to 400 bar for the consolidation of the fibers on a Spunlacetrommel with an open structure shell. Surprisingly, this one has preferred pressure range result in a more uniform and higher consolidation in the machine direction (MD) and in the transverse direction (CD).

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one further water bar can be arranged upstream and / or downstream of the structuring area in the transport direction, which is operated at a pressure of 10 to 25 bar and solidifies the non-structured top side of the fleece. At least one further water bar, which is operated at a pressure of 10 to 60 bar, preferably 15 to 30 bar, and which solidifies the underside of the nonwoven, can preferably be arranged downstream of the structuring area in the transport direction.

To drain the water, for example from wet-laid fibers, it is advantageous for the structuring area to be inclined by 1 ° to 10 ° in the direction of transport. This supports the removal of water from, for example, wet-laid fibers.

A further improvement results from the fact that a moistening device is arranged within the structuring area in front of the water bar or bars, which ensures a first stabilization of the fibers.

The method according to the invention for consolidating and structuring fibers to form a nonwoven is carried out with a first and a second circumferential band, which are at least partially arranged in parallel and thus form a structuring area, at least one band being designed as a counterband with a large number of pattern-forming openings, between which micro-openings are arranged, the fleece being structured by water jets in the area of the pattern openings and in the area of the micro-openings over a length of at least 0.2 m and is solidified at certain points. The pattern area of around 0.2 m in length with the parallel band guide ensures a sharp image of filigree patterns in the product. This is used to structure a fleece with a pattern-giving surface, but to solidify it between the patterns, creating a very fluffy product due to the step bed effect, which can be used as a cotton pad, wipe or as a cosmetic product (flushable wipe).

The invention also relates to a method for solidifying and structuring cotton pads, for example made of cotton with a weight of 100-250 g / m ² .

The invention also relates to a method for strengthening and structuring nonwovens made of staple fibers or filaments such as viscose, polyester, polypropylene, polyamide or lyocell with a weight of 30-300 g / m ² .

The invention also relates to a method for consolidating and structuring wetlaid nonwovens made from natural fibers such as cellulose, or from synthetic fibers such as polyester, or from chemical fibers such as viscose or lyocell, each with only 100% fiber content or alternatively from mixtures of The aforementioned fibers, for all of the aforementioned wet-laid nonwovens with a weight of 30-120 g / m ² , preferably 45-70 g / m ² , when used as a wipe, preferably with a weight of 30-100 g / m ² .

The further explanation of the subclaims can be found in the description below.

Fig.1

eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage nach einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 2 - 2d

eine Teildraufsicht auf ein Gegenband mit unterschiedlichen Mustern und unterschiedlicher Anzahl von Mikroöffnungen, bei der Fig. 2 mit einer Vergrößerung eines Ausschnittes;

Fig. 3

eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage;

Fig. 4

eine dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage;

Fig. 5

eine vierte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage;

Fig. 6

eine fünfte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings;
show in these

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of the system according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

Figures 2 - 2d

a partial plan view of a counterband with different patterns and different numbers of micro-openings, in which Fig. 2 with an enlargement of a section;

Fig. 3

a second embodiment of the system according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a third embodiment of the system according to the invention;

Fig. 5

a fourth embodiment of the system according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a fifth embodiment of the system according to the invention.

According to Fig. 1 fibers 2 are, for example, deposited wet on a belt by an inclined screen former (not shown) and transported to a structuring area 21 via a belt 3. Alternatively, staple fibers can also be deposited and processed on a belt. The fibers can also be arranged as a base or middle layer between two fiber layers, a spunbond, a woven or knitted fabric.

The belt 3 below is designed as an air- and water-permeable sieve belt or spunlace belt and is deflected and driven via several rollers 4a-4f. The wet-laid fibers 2 are deposited from a belt (not shown) on an inclined inlet area 20 of the belt 3 and, after conveying, in a flat structuring area 21, as in FIG Fig. 1 shown, or one Structuring area 21 compressed with a level falling in the direction of transport with a counterband 5. The counter belt 5 is also designed as a circulating belt which is deflected and driven by a plurality of rollers 6a-6e.

In this exemplary embodiment, a roller, for example roller 6b, can be moved horizontally in order to tension the counterband 5.

A small acute angle in the direction of transport is also considered to be a parallel arrangement of the belts 5 and 3, in which the belts form a small open gap of, for example, 0.3 to 2 mm, which is preferably advantageous in the production of cotton pads or wipes. This avoids compression of the fleece, since the end product should be as fluffy as possible. When processing wet-laid fibers, a parallel arrangement of band 3 with counterband 5 is advantageous. For this purpose, the roller 6e can be arranged to be vertically adjustable.

The at least partially parallel tape guide from the tape 3 with the counter-tape 5 over a length of at least 0.2 m, preferably at least 0.5 m, particularly preferably at least 1 m, ensures chambering or guiding of the fibers, for example in all directions were put down wet. The parallel band guide, which forms the structuring area 21, does not have the task of compacting the fibers in the conventional sense. In this area, only the water is to be drained off, the fibers are stabilized to form a fleece and structured by the at least one nozzle bar 7 in combination with the pattern-forming openings 5a of the counterband 5. The length of the parallel belt guide ensures a minimum dwell time for water drainage and for chambering the fibers, which at different transport or processing speeds Depending on the fibers to be processed can be varied, for example, in that the rollers 4b, 6a and 6e are designed to be horizontally adjustable. Although the nonwoven is structured by means of a linear or punctiform arrangement of the water jets in a row, the parallel belt guidance over a minimum length of 0.2 m enables the fibers to be stabilized while at the same time removing water.

In the direction of transport after the counter belt 5, a further water bar 11 with a suction 12 can be arranged, which at a low pressure of, for example, 15 bar can achieve an additional slight consolidation of the non-consolidated areas without impairing the structuring. A subsequently arranged drum 13, which can be designed as a Spunlacetrommel, leads the fibers 2, which have been consolidated into a nonwoven, from the belt 3 via a further drum 15 to further processing, a further water bar 14 enabling the nonwoven to be consolidated from the underside. This water bar can also be operated at a low pressure of, for example, 15-30 bar in order to solidify the fleece while at the same time maintaining the structuring through the openings 5a. In particular with this water bar 14, it can be useful to use a structural nozzle strip with which strips are worked into the underside of the fleece. With cotton pads, the system can be operated with a fiber weight of 100 - 250 g / m ² . In wetlaid the fiber weight is preferably 45 - 70 g / m ^2, and in wipes 30-100 g / m ^2.

The counterband 5 after Figures 2 to 2d has a plurality of patterning openings 5a, which give the solidified nonwoven a desired surface structure. For better illustration, the Figures 2a to 2d A measuring tape is shown in cm at the bottom to better illustrate the proportions. The pattern-giving openings 5a can be chosen almost arbitrarily, provided that the strength of the counterband 5 is not impaired. A large number of micro-openings 5b are arranged between the pattern-forming openings 5a and serve not only to improve the water drainage but also to strengthen the fleece. In the Figures 2a and 2d the pattern-forming openings 5a are each shown as a single contiguous recess in the counterband 5, between which the micro-openings are arranged. In the Figures 2 , 2 B and 2c Several individual pattern openings 5a together form a pattern of, for example, a flower, a heart or a triangle, the micro openings 5b also being arranged within the overall pattern, that is to say between the individual pattern openings 5a.

At least one, preferably two or three water bars 7, 8 are arranged within the counterband 5, which spray fine water jets with a pressure of, for example, 60 bar through the openings of the counterband 5 onto the fibers 2 and thereby solidify them. The fibers 2 are compressed in the area of the pattern-forming openings 5a, as a result of which the nonwoven becomes thinner at these points. The neighboring areas, which are not hit by the water jets, get their fluffiness due to the almost unchanged volume, which means that the fleece retains the original thickness. Only in the area of the micro-openings 5b are the fibers 2 compacted point by point, so that a step bed effect occurs. Suction boxes 9, 10 are arranged beneath the belt 3, which suction the water from the water bars 7, 8. The band 3 and the counter band 5 are aligned in the area of the water beams 7, 8 parallel or almost parallel to one another over a length of at least 0.2 m, thereby forming the structuring area 21 and, at the same time, locally or selectively compacting the fibers during the water jet consolidation. The micro-openings 5b have the further advantage that the fibers 2 or the solidified nonwoven does not stick to the tape 3 and can therefore be detached more easily, so that there are fewer delays at the transition points between two transport units.

The counterband 5 can be made of a bendable plastic with a thickness of 0.3 to 1.0 mm. Alternatively, the counterband 5 is as in Figure 2 shown, can be produced from a bendable metal with a thickness of 0.1-0.4 mm, preferably with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm.

The micro-openings 5b have a hydraulic diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, are preferably round or oval and are distributed in a regular or irregular, random arrangement on the belt, the distance between the micro-openings being at least 0.5 mm . 3 to 100 micro-openings 5b are arranged per square centimeter. The total water-draining surface (= open area), that is to say the pattern openings 5a and the micro openings 5b, can total up to 50%.

In contrast to the prior art, in which a drum with microperforations interacts with a band, in the inventive combination of band 3 with microperforated counterband 5, the dwell time for structuring the fleece is longer. In the case of wet-laid fibers of, for example, 15 mm length, which are deposited in a random orientation, the micro-openings 5b result in a point-by-point consolidation, since the fibers bridge several micro-openings 5b, which results in a step-bed effect. The result is a fleece that is solidified at certain points and has a very high fluffiness that can be used as a cotton pad for the cosmetics sector, as a wipe or so-called flushable wipe.

The following tables show the differences from the prior art, with A and B being counterbands 5 according to the prior art, which do not have micro-openings 5b, but only pattern-giving ones Openings 5a. The counterbands 5 with the designations C, D and E have, in addition to the pattern openings 5a, also the micro openings 5b according to the invention in different densities and sizes. A fiber mixture of PET and viscose with a weight of 45 g / m ^{2 was} tested at a transport speed of 100 m / min, which were solidified with a water bar: MD strength [N] A B C. D E 60 bar 40 42 81 82 79 100 bar 70 65 66 80 68 CD strength [N] A B C. D E 60 bar 11 12th 23 25th 25th 100 bar 17th 15 19th 21 18th

The step bed effect shows that the counterbands 5 with the micro-openings C, D, E have a higher strength in the transport direction (MD = Main Direction) than the counterbands 5 without micro-openings A, B.

The same effect can be seen in the cross direction (CD = Cross Direction). On average, it has been shown that a fleece that has been structured and consolidated with a counterband with micro-openings has a strength that is around 20% higher in both directions than a fleece that was consolidated with a band without micro-openings.

In the case of wet-laid fibers, these are preferably moved through the structuring area 1 at a speed of 50-250 m / min. In order to let the water flow out, the belt 3 and the counter belt 5 are inclined in the transport direction by up to 10 ° from the horizontal plane.

In the production of cotton pads, which are made for example from cotton fibers, the transport speed of the fibers 2 through the structuring area 1 is preferably 40 m / min. A band inclination from the horizontal plane is possible both in the transport direction and against the transport direction for the removal of water. Here, too, the inclination of the band 3 and the counterband 5 by up to 10 ° to the horizontal plane can be advantageous.

The use of the counterband 5 described above can have the same function in the various exemplary embodiments of the Figures 1 and 3 to 6 respectively. The same reference numerals have been used for the same technical functions without further explanation.

In the embodiment of the Figure 3 the opposing belt 5 and the belt 3 have been interchanged, so that the fibers 2 are deposited on a belt and transported to a structuring area 21 via the rotating counter belt 5.

The overhead belt 3 is designed as an air- and water-permeable sieve belt or spunlace belt with, for example, 60 to 100 mesh and is deflected and driven via several rollers 6a-6e. The wet-laid fibers 2 are deposited from a belt (not shown) on an inclined inlet area 20 of the counter belt 5 and after conveying into a flat structuring area 21, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown, or compacting a structuring area 21 with a level falling in the transport direction with a counterband 5. The counter belt 5 is also designed as a circulating belt which is deflected and driven by a plurality of rollers 4a-4f. Within the belt 3 is a moistening device 22, comprising at least one water bar 16 and at least one suction 17, arranged. The moistening device 22 moistens the nonwoven web with a fluid medium, which emerges from the water bar at low pressure, for example 2 to 15 bar, and moistens the entire surface of the nonwoven in order to stabilize the fibers relative to one another. The water bar 16 of the moistening device 22 can be constructed in a comparable way to a water bar 7, 8 for solidifying or compacting the fibers. However, it works with a significantly lower pressure, a lower amount of water and larger nozzle openings.

At least one, preferably two or three further water bars 7, 8 are arranged within the counterband 5, which spray fine water jets at a pressure of 30-80 bar, for example 60 bar, through the openings of the counterband 5 onto the fibers 2 and thereby solidify them. The fibers 2 are compressed in the region of the pattern-providing openings 5a. The neighboring areas, which are not hit by the water jets, get their fluffiness due to the almost unchanged volume. Only in the area of the micro-openings 5b are the fibers 2 compacted point by point, so that a step bed effect occurs. Suction boxes 9, 10 are arranged within the band 3 and suck off the water from the water bars 7, 8. The band 3 and the counter band 5 are aligned parallel to each other in the area of the water beams 7, 8 over a length of at least 0.2 m and at the same time compress the fibers during the water jet consolidation. With cotton pads with a thickness of 3 mm, the pattern-creating openings and micropores create a depression of 0.5 - 1 mm depending on the water jet pressure. In the case of wet-laid nonwovens with, for example, 0.8 mm thickness and a weight of 60 g / m ² , a pattern-giving recess of 0.2 to 0.4 mm is achieved.

A further water bar 11 with a suction 12 can be arranged after the counter belt 5, which does not cause additional light consolidation at a low pressure of, for example, 15 bar solidify areas without affecting the structuring. A subsequently arranged drum 13, which can be designed as a Spunlacetrommel, leads the fibers 2 from the belt 3, which have been consolidated into a nonwoven, to further processing, a further water bar 14 enabling the nonwoven to be consolidated from the underside. This water bar 14 can also be operated at a low pressure of, for example, 15-30 bar in order to solidify the fleece while at the same time maintaining the structuring through the openings 5a.

Here too, the counterband 5 is designed according to the exemplary embodiments 1 and 2 to 2d and has a multiplicity of pattern-forming openings 5a which give the solidified nonwoven a desired surface structure. A large number of micro-openings 5b are arranged between the pattern-forming openings 5a and serve not only to improve the water drainage but also to strengthen the fleece. The micro-openings 5b have the further advantage that the fibers 2 or the consolidated nonwoven are not glued to the tape 3 and can therefore be detached more easily, so that less distortion occurs at the transition points between two transport units. According to the embodiment of the Figure 3 the fleece is structured from below and an additional solidification from above. This version is particularly suitable for the production of cotton pads and wipes.

The embodiment of the Figure 4 differs from Figure 1 only because the fleece is structured on both sides and provided with a pattern. For this purpose, the structuring area 21 has a lower and an upper counterband 5 with pattern-forming openings 5, which are surrounded by a multiplicity of micro-openings 5b. For this purpose, two water bars 16, 18 are arranged in the upper counterband 5, which spray the fleece from above. The associated suction 17, 19 is in underlying counterband 5 arranged. The water bars 16, 18 in the opposing belt 5 above are followed by two suction devices 9, 10, which interact with water bars 7, 8 from the opposing belt 5 below. Each side can be provided with the same patterns (for example flower, flower) or with different patterns (for example triangle, spaced grooves, etc.).

A further water bar 11 with a suction device 12 can be arranged after the structuring area 21, which, at a low pressure of, for example, 15 bar, can achieve an additional slight consolidation of the non-solidifying areas of the top of the fleece without the structuring being impaired. A subsequently arranged drum 13, which can be designed as a Spunlacetrommel, leads the fibers 2 from the belt 3, which have been consolidated into a nonwoven, to further processing, a further water bar 14 enabling the nonwoven to be consolidated from the underside. This water bar 14 can also be operated at a low pressure of, for example, 15-30 bar in order to solidify the fleece while at the same time maintaining the structuring through the openings 5a. This arrangement is suitable for the production of wetlaid products, cotton pads or wipes.

In all of the embodiments described above, the number of nozzle bars can be varied, provided that the installation space is available.

In the fourth embodiment of the Figure 5 is a structuring device 1 upstream of the structuring area 21 with the counter-band 5 arranged above and the band 3 below. Here fibers 2 are deposited in a run-in area 20 on a belt 3 and first solidified between the belt 3 and a compacting drum 23. A water bar for wetting the fibers can be arranged within the compacting drum 23. After the compacting drum 23 one or two water bars 16, 18 with the associated suction 17, 19 are arranged. The water bars solidify the fibers on the top with a pressure of, for example, 15 to 45 bar to form a fleece. On the subsequent drum 13, which can be designed as a spunlace drum, the fleece is deflected and solidified with one or two water bars 14 on the underside. These water bars also spray water onto the fibers at a pressure of 15 to 45 bar. Only one water bar 16 and 14 is preferably used in each case for the production of cotton pads. For the production of flushable wipes, two water bars 16 and 18 and two water bars 14 are usually used. The fleece is guided into the structuring area 21 between a belt 3 at the bottom and a counter belt 5 at the top, where it is structured from above via the water beams 7 and 8, via further deflection rollers, which are not described in detail. The arrangement and technical configuration of the structuring area 21 essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figure 1 .

The fifth embodiment of the Figure 6 differs from Figure 5 in that the drum 13 is designed as a patterning drum which, together with the water bar 14, structures the underside of the fleece. The subsequent structuring area 21 with the counterband 5 on top, together with the water bars 7 and 8, provides a pattern structuring of the top of the fleece, in which the step bed effect is achieved only on the top of the fleece.

The system and the method for the further processing of wet-laid fibers are particularly advantageous, since they are deposited more unstructured than, for example, staple fibers. Due to the selective consolidation of the unstructured aligned wet-laid fibers, the special effect of the increased fluffiness can be achieved while structuring the fleece.

Reference numerals

1

Consolidation device

2nd

Fibers

3rd

tape

4a - 4f

roll

5

Counterband

5a

opening

5b

Micro opening

6a - 6e

roll

7

Water bar

8th

Water bar

9

Suction

10th

Suction

11

Water bar

12th

Suction

13

drum

14

Water bar

15

drum

16

Water bar

17th

Suction

18th

Water bar

19th

Suction

20th

Infeed area

21

Structuring area

22

Humidifier

23

Compacting drum

Claims (15)

1. An installation for entangling and texturizing fibres with a first and a second circulating belts, which are disposed at least partially parallel for entangling and texturizing fibres (2) to form a non-woven, and thus form a texturizing area (21), wherein at least one belt, as a counter-belt (5), is formed with a plurality of patterning openings (5a), and at least one water bar (7) for hydro-entangling the fibres is disposed within the counter-belt (5) in the texturizing area (21), wherein the texturizing area (21) has a length of at least 0.2 m and the counter-belt (5) includes micro-openings (5b) between the patterning openings (5a), wherein the counter-belt (5) includes 3 to 100 micro-openings (5b) per square centimetre in a regular or arbitrary arrangement between the patterning openings (5a), characterized in that the micro-openings (5b) have a hydraulic diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm and the at least one water bar (7) is operated at a pressure of 30 to 80 bars, preferably of 60 bars.
2. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the micro-openings (5b) have a distance of at least 0.5 mm to each other.
3. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the counter-belt (5) is made from a flexible metal or from plastic material.
4. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one further water bar (11) is disposed upstream and/or downstream the texturizing area (21) in the direction of transport, which is operated at a pressure of 10 to 25 bars and entangles the non-texturized upper side of the non-woven.
5. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one further water bar (14) is disposed downstream the texturizing area (21) in the direction of transport, which is operated at a pressure of 10 to 60 bars, preferably of 15 to 30 bars, and entangles the underside of the non-woven.
6. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the texturizing area (21) is inclined by 1° to 10° in the direction of transport.
7. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a humidification device (22) is disposed within the texturizing area (21) upstream the one water bar or the water bars (7, 8) within the texturizing area (21).
8. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an entangling device (1) is disposed upstream the texturizing area (21) in the direction of transport.
9. The installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a patterning cylinder (13) is disposed upstream the texturizing area (21) in the direction of transport.
10. A method for entangling and texturizing fibres to form a non-woven, with a first and a second circulating belts, which are at least partially disposed parallel, and thus they form a texturizing area (21), wherein at least one belt, as a counter-belt (5), is formed with a plurality of patterning openings (5a), between which micro-openings (5b) are disposed, wherein the non-woven is texturized by water jets in the area of the patterning openings (5a) and in the area of the micro-openings is chambered and punctually entangled over a length of at least 0.2 m, wherein the non-woven is entangled with 3 to 100 points per square centimetre between the patterning openings (5a), characterized in that the water jets impact on the non-woven with a pressure of 30 to 80 bars, preferably of 60 bars.
11. The method of claim 10, characterized in that the non-texturized upper side of the non-woven is entangled by means of a water bar with a pressure of 10 to 25 bars upstream and/or downstream the texturizing and punctual entangling in the direction of transport.
12. The installation according to any of the claims 10 to 11, characterized in that the underside of the non-woven is entangled with a pressure of 10 to 60 bars, preferably of 15 to 30 bars downstream the texturizing and the punctual entangling in the direction of transport.
13. The installation according to any of the claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the non-woven is humidified downstream the texturizing and the punctual entangling in the direction of transport.
14. The installation according to any of the claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the non-woven is pre-entangled by means of an entangling device (1) upstream the texturizing area (21).
15. The installation according to any of the claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the non-woven already gets a texture at least on one side by means of a patterning cylinder (13) upstream the texturizing area (21).

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