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EP3286367B1 - Textile thermofixable - Google Patents

Textile thermofixable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3286367B1
EP3286367B1 EP16714401.3A EP16714401A EP3286367B1 EP 3286367 B1 EP3286367 B1 EP 3286367B1 EP 16714401 A EP16714401 A EP 16714401A EP 3286367 B1 EP3286367 B1 EP 3286367B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polyurethane foam
foam
polyurethane
sheet material
polyol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16714401.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3286367A1 (fr
Inventor
Steffen Traser
Steffen Kremser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Freudenberg KG
Original Assignee
Carl Freudenberg KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Freudenberg KG filed Critical Carl Freudenberg KG
Priority to PL16714401T priority Critical patent/PL3286367T3/pl
Publication of EP3286367A1 publication Critical patent/EP3286367A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3286367B1 publication Critical patent/EP3286367B1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • D06M17/04—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics by applying synthetic resins as adhesives
    • D06M17/10—Polyurethanes polyurea
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/02—Linings
    • A41D27/06—Stiffening-pieces
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/49—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/66—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions at spaced points or locations
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/68—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions the bonding agent being applied in the form of foam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D06N3/146—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes characterised by the macromolecular diols used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/12—Permeability or impermeability properties
    • D06N2209/121—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • D06N2209/123—Breathable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/10—Clothing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/0047—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by incorporating air, i.e. froth
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/005—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by blowing or swelling agent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0068—Polymeric granules, particles or powder, e.g. core-shell particles, microcapsules

Definitions

  • the invention relates to thermally fixable fabrics, in particular usable as fixable insert or lining materials in the textile industry, which are characterized by improved performance properties and improved processability, and their production and use as liners for textiles.
  • Inlays are the invisible framework of clothing. They ensure correct fits and optimal comfort. Depending on the application, they support processability, increase functionality and stabilize clothing. In addition to clothing, these functions may be used in technical textile applications, such as e.g. take over the furniture, upholstery and home textiles industry application.
  • Inlays are described, for example, in US Pat GB1,162,147 or in the WO2013 / 167250 , Important property profiles for interlining fabrics are softness, resilience, grip, detergency, and wear resistance of the substrate in use.
  • Inlay fabrics can consist of nonwovens, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or comparable textile fabrics which are usually additionally provided with an adhesive mass, as a result of which the insert usually has an outer fabric can be thermally bonded by heat and / or pressure (fuser insert). The insert is thus laminated to an outer fabric.
  • the various textile fabrics mentioned have different property profiles depending on the manufacturing process. Fabrics consist of threads / yarns in warp and weft direction, knitted fabrics consist of threads / yarns which are connected by a stitch bond to form a textile fabric. Nonwovens consist of single fibers deposited into a batt, which are bound mechanically, chemically or thermally.
  • the batt is solidified by mechanically entangling the fibers.
  • the fibers For this one uses either a needle technique or an entanglement by means of water or steam jets.
  • needling results in soft products, but with a relatively labile feel, this technology was only able to establish itself in very special niches in the area of interlining materials.
  • mechanical needling one usually relies on a basis weight> 50 g / m 2 , which is too heavy for a large number of interlining applications.
  • Nonwoven fabrics solidified with water jets can be made in lower basis weights, but are generally flat and have little elasticity at break.
  • the batt is provided with a binder (eg acrylate binder) by impregnation, spraying or by means of otherwise customary application methods and then condensed.
  • a binder eg acrylate binder
  • the binder binds the fibers together to form a nonwoven fabric, but results in a relatively stiff product being obtained because the binder spreads over much of the batt and adheres the fibers together throughout, as in a composite. Variations under control Softness can only be compensated to a limited extent by fiber blends or binder selection.
  • Thermally bonded nonwovens are typically calendered or hot air-solidified for use as liners.
  • punctiform calender consolidation has become established as a standard technology today.
  • the batt usually consists of polyester or polyamide fibers specially developed for this process and is consolidated by means of a calender at temperatures around the melting point of the fiber, one roll of the calender being provided with a dot engraving.
  • a dot engraving consists, for example, of 64 dots / cm 2 and may, for example, have a welding surface of 12%. Without a point arrangement, the interlining would be sheet-like solidified and inappropriately hard to handle.
  • the adhesive compositions which are usually applied to interlining, are usually thermally activated and usually consist of thermoplastic polymers.
  • the technology for applying these adhesive compositions is carried out according to the prior art in a separate step on the fiber fabric.
  • adhesive technology usually powder point, paste pressure, colon, and hot-melt method known and described in the patent literature. The most efficient in terms of bonding with the outer fabric even after care treatment and in terms of remindvernietung is now considered the Doppelticiantung.
  • Such a colon has a two-layer structure. It consists of a lower and a upper point.
  • the sub-point penetrates into the base material and serves as a barrier against adhesive mass recoil and for anchoring the top point particles.
  • Usual sub-items consist for example of binder and / or of a thermoplastic polymer, which contributes to the bond strength with the fixation.
  • the sub-point also contributes, in addition to the anchoring in the base material, as a barrier layer to prevent the adhesive mass backlash.
  • Main adhesive component in the two-layer composite is primarily the top point. This may consist of a thermoplastic material which is sprinkled as a powder on the sub-point. After the spreading process, the excess part of the powder (between the points of the lower layer) is expediently sucked off again. After subsequent sintering, the upper point is bound to the sub-point (thermal) and can serve as an adhesive to the upper point.
  • a different number of dots are printed on and / or the amount of adhesive mass or the geometry of the dot pattern is varied.
  • a typical number of points are, for example, CP 110 with a support of 9 g / m 2 or CP 52 with a support amount of 11 g / m 2 .
  • thermoplastic polymers usually in particle form with a particle size ⁇ 80 microns, thickeners and flow aids are prepared and then pasty printed by means of a rotary screen printing process on the support layer usually punctiform. Subsequently, the printed carrier layer is expediently subjected to a drying process.
  • hotmelt adhesives can be used for inlay or lining materials as adhesive media for hot bonding.
  • the penetration leads to the fact that the adhesive mass sub-point can not be formed well and after the scattering of the powder (Doppelticianbe Anlagenung) forms an inhomogeneous, little convex point.
  • the spreading of the point has the further consequence that the sub-point is "smeared", so that the powder in the edge regions of the sub-point and also in part in the interstices can not be sucked well. This leads, in addition to the contamination of the system to a weakening of the bond after bonding.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide textile fabrics which can also be fixed on thin, transparent, flexible or very open outer fabrics.
  • the textile fabrics should be able to be processed easily with conventional fixing presses, show very good haptic and optical properties, be easy and inexpensive to produce, a very good washing resistance up to 95 ° C show, and also survive drying conditions at high numbers of cycles.
  • Another object is to provide the textile fabrics with a high elasticity, in particular in the transverse direction.
  • the foam coating in the sheet according to the invention is characterized by a very homogeneous and narrow pore size distribution with a high stability. It is believed that this is possible by reducing the level of foaming agent in the foam coating.
  • the proportion of foaming agents in the foam coating based on their active, foam-forming constituents, less than 1.5 wt .-%, more preferably less than 1 wt .-%. Most preferably, no foaming agent is included.
  • Foaming agents according to the invention are understood as meaning compositions which contain surfactants and / or mixtures of surfactants and have a foaming effect in the production of the polyurethane foam. Typical foaming agents are, for example, ®RUCO-COAT FO 4010 or ®TUBICOAT SCH ⁇ UMER HP.
  • the polyurethane foam with a pore structure in which more than 30% of the pores have a diameter in the range of 5 to 20 .mu.m, preferably from 5 to 18 .mu.m and in particular from 10 to 16 microns and / / or in which more than 50% of the pores have a diameter which is in the range of 5 to 25 ⁇ m and in particular 10 to 20 ⁇ m and / or in which more than 70% of the pores have a diameter in the range of 5 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably from 5 to 27 ⁇ m and in particular from 10 to 25 ⁇ m, and / or in which more than 97% of the pores have a diameter in the range from 5 to 60 ⁇ m, preferably from 5 to 55 ⁇ m and in particular from 10 is up to 50 microns.
  • the polyurethane foam may be provided with a pore structure in which the average pore diameter is at comparatively small values, preferably in the range of 5 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 25 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the mean pore diameters can be determined according to the standard ASTM E 1294 (Coulter Porometer).
  • the foam tends to collapse.
  • the polyurethane foam is breathable and moisture-permeable due to its specific pore structure, which has a positive effect on the wearing comfort.
  • the pore structure of the polyurethane foam is also very uniform, which is advantageous for a uniform air circulation and a uniform air permeability.
  • the average penetration depth of the polyurethane foam into the carrier layer is preferably less than 20 ⁇ m, preferably less than 15 ⁇ m, more preferably from 5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the polyurethane foam is significantly more cost-effective than the pure paste printing, since the share of raw materials is much lower with the same edition.
  • foam-coated inserts are softer to the touch than those provided with conventional adhesive.
  • the sheet according to the invention Due to the porous structure of the polyurethane foam, it is possible to provide the sheet according to the invention with a high air permeability. This is determined according to the invention according to DIN EN ISO 9237. The standard climate is according to DIN 50014 / ISO 554, the test result is given in dm 3 / s * m 2 .
  • the polyurethane foam has an air permeability of more than 150 l / m 2 / s at 100 Pa, preferably from 200 to 800 l / m 2 / s, more preferably from 400 to 1400. This allows a high wearing comfort when used as a liner.
  • the polyurethane foam can be smoothed by means of a calender.
  • the breathability or the air permeability can be adjusted specifically.
  • the layer thickness can also be adjusted by the foam application as well as by the parameters on the calender. The stronger the smoothness effect, the denser the layer becomes to a migration resistance, for example to feathers, down etc.
  • the specific polyurethane foam makes it possible to provide the sheet according to the invention with good tear propagation, tearing and / or needle tear resistance and seam strength properties.
  • the polyurethane by the use of the polyurethane, a high elasticity of the sheet, in particular in the transverse direction, can be achieved.
  • Stiffer fleece can be used without haptic disadvantages To experience overall performance.
  • fibers eg BIKO fibers
  • new products can be produced with specific properties, such as an elastic waistband insert based on a conventional polyamide / polyester nonwoven fabric.
  • a further advantage of the use of polyurethanes is that the textile fabric according to the invention has a soft, elastic, beautiful (pleasant) feel.
  • the grip of the insert is a significant and important test in the textile industry. It is particularly advantageous that the pleasant grip without additional equipment, such. Silicon equipment of the base can be achieved.
  • the layer thickness of the polyurethane foam can be adjusted depending on the desired properties of the fabric. For most applications, it has proven to be favorable for the polyurethane foam to set a mean layer thickness in the range of 5 to 400 .mu.m, preferably from 5 to 100 .mu.m and in particular from 10 to 50 microns.
  • the layer thickness can be determined by electron microscopy.
  • the basis weight of the polyurethane foam may vary depending on the desired properties of the sheet. As favorable for most applications, it has proven for the polyurethane foam to set a basis weight in the range of 0.1 g / m 2 to 100 g / m 2 in the case of a surface coating. For point coatings, basis weights of 0.5 g / m 2 to 10 g / m 2 have proved favorable.
  • polyurethane foam preferred for the preparation of the polyurethane foam is the use of aqueous, non-reactive or reactive, but preferably non-reactive polyurethane dispersions.
  • the aqueous, non-reactive polyurethane dispersions generally have a polyurethane content between 5 wt .-% and 65 wt .-%.
  • Polyurethane dispersions having a polyurethane content of between 30% by weight and 60% by weight are preferred according to the invention.
  • the Brookfield viscosity of the inventively preferred, aqueous, non-reactive polyurethane dispersions at 20 ° C is preferably between 10 and 5000 mPaxs, more preferably between 10 and 2000 mPaxs.
  • aqueous non-reactive polyurethane dispersions may be used to produce the polyurethane foam, the polyurethanes of which are prepared from the components defined in claim 1:
  • the polyisocyanate (A) organic di- and / or polyisocyanates are preferably used.
  • Polyols (B) used are preferably polyols having a molecular weight of 500 to 6000 g / mol. It is particularly preferred if these contain no ionic groups or functional groups convertible into ionic groups.
  • Preferred chain extenders (C) are di- or monohydroxyl compounds having at least one ionic group or a functional group convertible to an ionic group.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane For the preparation of the thermoplastic polyurethane it is further possible if appropriate to use compounds having one or two isocyanate-reactive functional groups and at least one ionic group or functional group convertible into an ionic group.
  • compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups and a molecular weight of 60 to 500 g / mol, which contain no ionic groups or functional groups which can be converted into ionic groups, can be used.
  • the organic polyisocyanates (A) may be both aromatic and aliphatic. According to the invention, preference is given to using aqueous, non-reactive, aliphatic polyurethane dispersions for preparing the polyurethane foam, since the aliphatic polyurethane foams obtained are substantially more light-stable than aromatic polyurethane coatings.
  • the polyols (B) may be based on polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polycaprolactone polyols, polycarbonate polyols, copolymers of polycaprolactone polyol, polytetrahydrofuran, and blends thereof. Preference according to the invention is given to polyesterpolyols or polyetherpolyols and mixtures thereof.
  • polyether polyols are preferable.
  • polyester polyols are preferable.
  • polyurethane foams which have a surprisingly high washing stability.
  • a polyester polyol-based polyurethane foam was developed, which survives after several washes at 95 ° C and also applications in the post-processing area without a deterioration of the properties.
  • the melting range of the polyurethane is preferably from 130 to 300 ° C, more preferably from 160 to 250 ° C, especially from 180 to 220 ° C.
  • the glass transition temperature T g of the polyurethane is preferably from -100 ° C to 100 ° C, more preferably from -80 to 30 ° C, especially from -60 to 30 ° C.
  • polyurethanes having high elongation values preferably from 100 to 2500%, more preferably from 500 to 2000%, in particular from 700 to 1500% are used.
  • deposits can be obtained with an elastic behavior of the coating and a particularly pleasant grip.
  • polyurethanes and / or polyurethane compositions having modulus values of preferably from 0.5 to 30 MPa, more preferably from 1 to 15 MPa, in particular from 1.5 to 5 MPa are used.
  • polyurethanes and / or polyurethane compositions having tensile strengths of preferably from 5 to 50 MPa, more preferably from 15 to 40 MPa, in particular from 20 to 30 MPa are used.
  • polyurethanes and / or polyurethane compositions having a Shore hardness of preferably from 30 to 120, more preferably from 40 to 90, in particular from 50 to 70 are used.
  • the polyurethane may be chemically crosslinked or uncrosslinked.
  • the polyurethane foam at least one crosslinker, preferably selected from z.
  • the modulation of the polyurethane foam with crosslinkers allows the viscoelastic properties of the polyurethane foam to be modulated in a targeted manner and the withdrawal behavior to be adjusted.
  • both the handle and the cleaning resistance can be selectively varied by the crosslinkers.
  • the polyurethane has a degree of crosslinking of less than 0.1, more preferably less than 0.05, even more preferably less than 0.02. Most preferably, the polyurethane is completely uncrosslinked. Surprisingly, it has been found according to the invention that the foam structure has a high washing stability even at 95 ° C., even in the case of an uncrosslinked or only slightly crosslinked polyurethane. Advantageous to uncrosslinked or only low Crosslinked polyurethane is that they are very flexible and have a softer feel.
  • the polyurethane foam comprises dimethylcellulose and / or, preferably, and polyacrylic acid as thickener. It has been found that by using these substances a particularly uniform, bubble-free coating can be obtained.
  • the polyurethane foam contains foam stabilizers, in particular ammonium stearate or potassium oleate, preferably in an amount of from 1 to 10% by weight.
  • the polyurethane foam contains foaming agents, in particular surfactants.
  • the polyurethane foam contains associative thickeners, in particular hydrophobically modified polyacrylates, cellulose ethers, polyacrylamides, polyethers or associative polyurethane thickeners.
  • associative thickeners in particular hydrophobically modified polyacrylates, cellulose ethers, polyacrylamides, polyethers or associative polyurethane thickeners.
  • the polyurethane foam advantageously has these compounds in an amount of less than 5% by weight.
  • the polyurethane composition is free of these substances.
  • the polyurethane foam is free of these substances. This is also advantageous with regard to the emission values of the applied polyurethane foam.
  • exhaust pipes, dryer cooling zones, etc. are not so heavily loaded with condensate of the usually low-boiling mineral oils. This has the additional positive effect that the deposits are less contaminated with condensate and thus their quality can be increased.
  • the use of PEG in combination with mineral oil-containing thickeners may be disadvantageous.
  • the use of PEG is advantageous. It has proven to be particularly suitable if the proportion of PEG in the polyurethane foam is in the range from 1 to 40% by weight.
  • the polyurethane foam contains a filler, in particular selected from aluminosilicates, preferably kaolin, calcium silicates, calcium carbonates, magnesium carbonates, phyllosilicates, fumed silicas and aluminum oxides, such as. B. wollastonite, dolomite, mica, barite flour or talc.
  • the amount of the filler is preferably from 0.5 to 55% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 45% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the polyurethane foam.
  • the filler preferably has an average particle size of 5 nm to 100 microns. Due to the modulation of the polyurethane foam with fillers can also viscoelastic Properties (rheology), the handle, the cleaning resistance, the pore size distribution, the stickiness and the deduction are adjusted specifically.
  • fillers which release gas in the oven during drying and thus contribute to foaming or stabilize the foam.
  • the polyurethane foam contains an additive selected from activated carbon, carbon black, phase change materials (PCMs), thermoplastic polymer powder, Expancel, flock fibers, adhesion promoters, flame retardants such. Mg and / or alhydroxides or phosphorus compounds, coating pigments such as e.g. Titanium dioxide, superabsorbents such as e.g. Polyacrylic acid, wood shavings, zeolites, metal powders, magnetic particles, e.g. Iron oxides, encapsulated substances such as e.g. Colors, fragrances or active ingredients (wound dressing) or odor-absorbing substances such.
  • PCMs phase change materials
  • thermoplastic polymer powder Expancel
  • flock fibers adhesion promoters
  • flame retardants such. Mg and / or alhydroxides or phosphorus compounds
  • coating pigments such as e.g. Titanium dioxide
  • superabsorbents such as e.g. Polyacrylic acid
  • wood shavings
  • the sheet according to the invention comprises a carrier layer. It has proven to be expedient to optimally adjust the polarity of the foam to the carrier layer.
  • a hydrophobic base requires a hydrophobically adjusted foam and a hydrophilically adjusted base of a rather hydrophilic foam.
  • the selection of the textile material to be used for the carrier layer takes place with regard to the respective intended use or the special quality requirements.
  • nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knits or the like are suitable.
  • waddings have become proved particularly suitable, since the functional equipment of Waddings is widespread.
  • the invention has no limits in principle here.
  • the person skilled in the art can easily find the material combination suitable for his application here.
  • the carrier layer consists of a nonwoven fabric.
  • the nonwoven fabric, but also the threads or yarns of the textile materials may consist of man-made fibers or else of natural fibers.
  • man-made fibers preferably polyester, polyamide, cellulose regenerated and / or binder fibers are used, as natural fibers wool or cotton fibers.
  • the man-made fibers may here comprise crimpable, crimped and / or uncracked staple fibers, crimpable, crimped and / or uncurled, directly spun continuous fibers and / or finite fibers, such as meltblown fibers.
  • the carrier layer can be constructed in one or more layers.
  • the technologies described above can be used.
  • the bonding of the fibers of the nonwoven fabric to a nonwoven fabric can be effected mechanically (conventional needling, water jet technique), by means of a binder or thermally.
  • a moderate nonwoven strength of the carrier layer prior to printing is sufficient, since the carrier layer is additionally applied and solidified with binder when printing with the mixture of binder and thermoplastic polymer.
  • low cost fiber raw materials can be used, provided that they meet the requirements of the handle. Also, the litigation can be simplified.
  • Fibers with a fiber titer of up to 6.7 dtex are particularly suitable for interlining materials. Coarser titers are usually not used because of their high fiber stiffness. Fibers are preferred in the range of 1 to 3 dtex, but also microfibers with a titer ⁇ 1 dtex are conceivable.
  • the polyurethane foam is formed flat. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the polyurethane foam is formed in the form of a dot pattern. The points may be distributed in a regular or irregular pattern on the carrier layer.
  • a hot melt adhesive may be applied.
  • Hotmelt adhesives also known as hotmelt adhesives, hot melt adhesives or hotmelts
  • thermoplastic polymers such as polyamides (PA), copolyamides, polyesters (PES), copolyesters, ethylvinylacetate (EVA) and its copolymers (EVAC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), amorphous polyalphaolefins (APAO), polyurethanes (PU) etc. used as hot melt adhesives.
  • the adhesive effect of the hotmelt adhesives is fundamentally based on the fact that they can be reversibly melted down as thermoplastic polymers and, as a liquid melt, due to their viscosity reduced by the melting process, are able to wet the surface to be bonded and thereby form an adhesion to it.
  • the subsequent cooling of the hot melt adhesive solidifies again to the solid, which has a high cohesion and in this way produces the connection to the adhesive surface.
  • the viscoelastic polymers ensure that the adhesion is retained even after the cooling process with their volume changes and the associated build-up of mechanical stresses.
  • the built-up cohesion mediates the binding forces between the substrates.
  • the hot melt adhesives are used in powder form.
  • the size of the particles is based on the area to be printed, for example the desired size of a binding point.
  • the particle diameter may vary between> 0 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the hot melt adhesive is not uniform, but follows a distribution, i. one always has a particle size spectrum.
  • the particle size is expediently matched to the desired application quantity, point size and point distribution.
  • Hotmelt adhesives in powder form can be applied by means of scattering application, which is expedient in particular for bonding porous substrates for the production of overall breathable textile composites.
  • Another advantage of the spreader application is that it is a simple application method for large scale applications. Since thermally activated powders, for example of polyamides, polyesters or polyurethanes, are tacky even at low temperatures, they are suitable for gentle treatment Lamination of heat-sensitive substrates, eg high-quality textiles. Thanks to good flow properties in the activated state, a good connection is made even at low pressure and short contact time; however, the risk of tissue penetration remains low.
  • the hotmelt adhesive is applied on that side of the carrier layer which faces away from the polyurethane foam.
  • the polyurethane foam in this embodiment represents the lower layer of a two-ply adhesive composition on which a hot-melt adhesive top layer is arranged.
  • the hot-melt adhesive top layer may be in the form of a dot pattern or flat.
  • the two-ply adhesive mass structure is one in which polyurethane foam and hot melt adhesive are formed as double dots, wherein the polyurethane foam is designed as a sub-dot pattern and the hot melt adhesive as a top dot pattern.
  • the colons may be distributed in a regular or irregular pattern on the carrier layer.
  • two-layer adhesive structures are understood to mean both the two-layer adhesive structure described above and colons.
  • sub-layer is intended to include both surface sublayers and sub-points and the term upper layer comprises both surface upper layers and upper points.
  • the colon based on a polyurethane foam as a sub-dot and a scattering powder as a top is preferably formed in a dot pattern the carrier layer applied. This enhances the softness and resilience of the material.
  • the dot pattern may be regular or irregular.
  • the imprint is by no means limited to dot patterns.
  • the colon can be applied in any geometry, for example in the form of lines, stripes, mesh or lattice-like structures, points with rectangular, diamond-shaped or oval geometry or the like.
  • the two-ply adhesive mass structures are characterized by a low adhesive mass kickback, since the polyurethane foam applied first acts as a barrier layer. If the polyurethane foam is mixed with a thermoplastic polymer, preferably with a melting point ⁇ 190 ° C., this contributes to the bonding. The remindvernietung the deposit is hereby deteriorated.
  • the polyurethane in the polyurethane foam can be present both in pure form and in blends.
  • the polyurethane foam in addition to the polyurethane contains other polymers.
  • the thermoplastic polymers other than the polyurethane may include, for example, polyacrylates, silicones, (co) -polyester, (co) -polyamide, polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate-based polymers and / or combinations (blends and copolymers) of said polymers.
  • the proportion of the polyurethane based on the total amount of the polyurethane coating is preferably 20 to 100 wt .-%, more preferably 30 to 90 wt .-% and in particular from 40 to 90 wt .-%.
  • Particularly preferred according to the invention are the polyacrylates and silicones.
  • the polyurethane foam is preferably present in a coating weight of 0.1 to 100 g / m 2 .
  • the composition of the polyurethane foam it is possible to obtain a sheet with a particularly good transverse elasticity.
  • Practical experiments have shown that in the case of a two-ply adhesive composition, the composition of the lower layer has a much greater effect on the transverse elasticity of the surface image than that of the upper layer.
  • the polyurethane foam may contain thermoplastic polymers which have a melting point ⁇ 190 ° C and thereby contribute to the bonding with the fixation.
  • a backsheet containing thermoplastic polymers preferably thermoplastic co-polyamide, co-polyester or polyurethane, or mixtures thereof, aids in bonding the topsheet, but also provides a higher level of backbonding.
  • the use of polyurethanes in the lower layer gives a much better connection of the upper layer and thus can both increase the release force and reduce the powder trickle.
  • Advantageous over e.g. Polyamides is a much improved anchorage to the top, greater elasticity and flexibility.
  • the adhesion to coated outer fabrics is supported.
  • thermoplastic polymers having a melting point ⁇ 190 ° C. for example from the group of the copolyamides, the copolyesters or the polyurethanes, is that this makes it possible to use the polyurethane foam without additional hot-melt adhesive coating. This can save a production step. Particularly advantageous is a grain fraction ⁇ 500 microns has been found.
  • the hot-melt adhesive may contain thermoplastic co-polyamide, co-polyester or polyolefins, for example, with the common Thermoplastics can be mixed.
  • thermoplastic co-polyamide for example, with the common Thermoplastics can be mixed.
  • Particularly suitable PU, PA, PES, PP, PE, ethylene vinyl acetate, copolymers, etc. have proven.
  • the polymers can also be extruded together with the other thermoplastics (compound).
  • polyurethane foam could contain binders, in particular acrylate dispersions or silicone dispersions.
  • the hotmelt adhesive is produced as granules which have good millability. Both for the upper layer fraction (generally 80-200 microns) and for the lower layer (0-80 microns), it is useful if a grindability is given within these limits.
  • the milled particles have a geometry that is as round as possible in order to ensure fault-free spreading or error-free incorporation and sintering.
  • the hotmelt adhesives can also be used with the other conventional coating methods in the insert area, such as powder dot, paste printing, double dot, scatter, hotmelt, scattering coating, etc.
  • phase boundary can be recognized between the upper layer and the lower layer.
  • This can be effected, for example, by mixing, foaming and applying a thermoplastic polymer in particle form with a polyurethane dispersion. After application, the polyurethane is separated from the coarser particles, with the coarser particles coming to rest more on top of the bonding surface, for example the point surface. The polyurethane binds in addition to its function to anchor in the carrier layer and this in addition to binding, the coarser particles. At the same time there is a partial separation of particles and polyurethane on the surface of the carrier layer. The polyurethane penetrates deeper into the material as the particles accumulate on the surface.
  • the components of the polyurethane dispersion may be selected as discussed above with respect to the polyurethane foam.
  • the foam has a specific minimum foam density (in g / L).
  • the polyurethane foam for forming a sheet-like coating having a foam weight of 1 to 450 g / L, preferably from 50 to 400 g / L, in particular from 100 to 300 g / L is used. In this way, excessive penetration of the foam into the insert can be prevented and a good anchoring in the interlining material can be achieved.
  • polyurethane foam is to be applied in the form of a dot pattern
  • polyurethane dispersions having a foam liter weight of from 1 to 700 g / L, preferably from 200 to 600 g / L, in particular from 400 to 560 g / L, have proven particularly suitable.
  • the foaming of the polyurethane dispersion can be carried out by conventional methods, for example by mechanical impact.
  • Microspheres are small spherical plastic spheres and consist of a thin thermoplastic shell encapsulating hydrocarbon, usually isobutene or isopentane.
  • the shell is a copolymer consisting of monomers such as e.g. Vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile or methyl methacrylate is constructed.
  • monomers such as e.g. Vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile or methyl methacrylate
  • the propellant gas remains permanently trapped. When the heat is removed, the shell solidifies in its enlarged form and forms a closed cell structure.
  • Advantages of such a foam produced by means of microspheres are not only the reduced price but also a better feel, a changed elasticity and compressibility.
  • the microspheres are homogeneously distributed in the polyurethane dispersion. After applying the foam on the support layer and optionally the hot melt adhesive microspheres expand, usually at temperatures in the range of 80 - 230 ° C.
  • the concentration of the microspheres is advantageously in the range of 0.5-5% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.
  • microspheres having a particle size of 10 to 150 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 16 ⁇ m and / or an expansion temperature in the range of 120 to 130 ° C.
  • the polyurethane foam is produced by foaming an aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
  • the proportion of the polyurethane in the dispersion is preferably in the range of 25 to 95 wt .-%, more preferably from 35 to 70 wt .-%, in particular from 45 to 60 wt .-% based on the total weight of the dispersion.
  • Inserts coated with polyurethane foams produced from such polyurethane dispersions are characterized by the fact that they are much drier and more pleasant to the touch and have a substantially increased elasticity.
  • the polyurethane dispersion can be prepared, for example, by means of the emulsifier / shear force process, the melt dispersing process, the ketimine or ketazine process, the prepolymer / ionomer process and the universal acetone process, and also mixtures of said processes.
  • the polyurethane dispersion can also be mixed with other aqueous dispersions, such as, for example, polyacrylate dispersions, silicone dispersions or polyvinyl acetate dispersions.
  • aqueous dispersions such as, for example, polyacrylate dispersions, silicone dispersions or polyvinyl acetate dispersions.
  • the polyurethane dispersion has crosslinking agents in an amount of less than 2% by weight, more preferably less than 1% by weight, even more preferably less than 0.5% by weight.
  • the solids content of the polyurethane dispersion may be between 10 and 70% by weight, preferably between 15 and 60% by weight and more preferably between 20 and 60% by weight, in particular between 30 and 50% by weight.
  • the stabilization of the polyurethane dispersion can be carried out by internal and / or external anionic, cationic or neutral emulsifiers.
  • the pH of the polyurethane dispersion is preferably in the range of 4.0 to 11.0, more preferably between 5.0 and 10.0, even more preferably between 6 and 9.
  • a polyurethane dispersion which contains foaming agents, in particular based on surfactants, only in a small amount.
  • foaming agents in particular based on surfactants
  • the proportion of foaming agents is less than 5 wt .-%.
  • the polyurethane dispersion is free of these substances.
  • a polyurethane dispersion is used, the dimethyl cellulose and / or, preferably, and, polyacrylic acid as a thickener preferably contains in an amount of 0.1 wt .-% to 10 wt .-%.
  • the polyurethane dispersion Foam stabilizers in particular such.
  • ammonium stearate or potassium oleate preferably in an amount of 1 to 10 wt .-%.
  • a polyurethane dispersion which contains polyethylene glycol. It has proven to be particularly suitable if the proportion of PEG in the polyurethane dispersion is in the range from 1 to 40% by weight. This is advantageous in that the drying times of the polyurethane foam can be significantly reduced and the printability of the polyurethane foam or its rheological behavior is significantly improved.
  • the application of the polyurethane foam can be carried out in various ways.
  • a hot melt adhesive for example by means of the double-point method or paste dot method can be applied.
  • the hotmelt adhesive can also be applied in the form of a scattering powder to the lower layer.
  • the application of the paste point as a top layer is advantageous because it produces a substantially more textile feel than with a two-dimensional hot melt application or by means of the double-point method.
  • the non-polyurethane foam-coated side of the carrier layer is coated with hot-melt adhesive, it is preferably provided with a two-layer adhesive structure (double point) in order to minimize back-riveting.
  • the carrier layer of a textile material or of nonwoven fabric can be coated with the polyurethane foam directly in a conventional doctor blade machine.
  • textile aids such as thickeners (for example, partially crosslinked polyacrylates and their salts), dispersants, wetting agents, running aids, handle modifiers or to treat in any other way so that the printing process is more reliable production ,
  • the sheet has proven to be particularly suitable for fixing to a thin, transparent or holey outer material.
  • thermally fixable sheet is not limited to this application.
  • Other applications are conceivable, for example, as fixable textile fabrics in home textiles such as upholstered furniture, reinforced seat structures, seat covers or as a fixable and stretchable textile fabric in the automotive industry, in shoe components or in the field of hygiene / medical.
  • a nonwoven fabric base (100% polyamide) with 12 g / m 2 basis weight is not according to the known double-point method with different polyurethane foams and for comparison with different coated foamed polyurethane pastes.
  • a sub-grade paste is prepared in a known manner.
  • a polyurethane dispersion is converted into a polyurethane foam with the aid of a commercial food processor.
  • an aliphatic polyesterurethane is used. This generates viscoelastic properties of the sub-point in combination with a pleasant feel and very good resistance to washing.
  • the top point is a polyamide powder with a melting point of 113 ° C and an MFI value of 71 (g / 10 min) (determined at 160 ° C under a load of 2.16 kg).
  • the print stencil grid is a CP250 with a hole diameter of 0.17 mm.
  • the polyurethane dispersion is mixed with the additives described in Table 1.
  • Table 2 shows the observed release force values of the coated and fixed nonwoven fabrics ⁇ b> Table 2 ⁇ / b> Release force [N / 5cm] paste printing foam pressure PES / BW primary 2.5 2.5 After 3xDC 1.3 1.5 After 3x40 ° C 1.8 1.9 CV primary 4.0 4.4 After 3xDC 2.3 2.2 After 3x40 ° C 1.1 1 PES primary 3.6 3.6 After 3xDC 1.6 2 After 3x40 ° C 2.5 2.7 Transparent outer fabric 4.1 4.0 1x40 ° C 1.7 1.5
  • the rheological behavior of the reference polyurethane dispersion or the polyurethane foam 1 is considered as a function of the shear rate.
  • Brookfield RV T / spindle 7 the viscosity is determined at the following measuring speeds.
  • the polyurethane foam (solid line) provides a very nice print image, as the point can be shown very raised and not penetrated by the wearer. Also, the foam coverage over the width and length of the wearer is very constant. Furthermore, the ratio between penetration depth and point geometry is very balanced. It can also be seen that the drop in viscosity increases with increasing shear rate analogous manner as with the paste, but at much lower viscosities.
  • the polyurethane dispersion 1 prepared is foamed with the aid of a rotor-stator mixer from MST and applied by means of the rotary screen printing method to a 12 g / m 2 nonwoven fabric (polyurethane foam 1). It could be stated that, despite the lower viscosity, the foam mixture penetrates much less into the substrate to be coated than the very high-viscosity reference polyurethane dispersion. The penetration depth can be well regulated by the foam density. The drier the foam (the lower the density) the less penetrates the polyurethane foam in the liner, but the worse is the running behavior with respect to stencil occupancy and expression behavior. In this trial, the optimum pot weight was 500 g / L.
  • the produced Pulyurethandispersion 2 is foamed using a HANSA mixer Top-Mix Compact 60 and applied by means of a "Knife over roll" application system on a 24 g / m 2 nonwoven fabric over the entire surface (polyurethane foam 2) and dried in the oven.
  • the gap is set at 0.5 mm.
  • the line speed is 6 m / min with a pot weight of 125 g / L.
  • the final total application of the foam coating is 17.9 g / m 2 .
  • the coating penetrates only minimally into the substrate and a uniform, full-surface coating can be generated (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the foam coating is also stable to laundry up to 95 ° C and survives a dry cleaning without damage. The quality of the foam coating such as feel and feel is also retained.
  • Polyurethane dispersion 2 water 184.3 g PEG 36.5 g PU auxiliary dispersion (49%) 154 g ammonia 1.8 g
  • Thickener 2 25%) polyacrylic acid 17.5 g Thickener 3 (3%) methylcellulose 28 g filler 13.50 g
  • the foam-coated nonwoven fabric produced under 2b) is coated by means of the known paste dot method.
  • This is based on a standard adhesive mass system with a thermoplastic polymer based on polyamide, which has a melting point of 126 ° C and an MFI value of 28 (g / 10 min) (determined at 160 ° C under a load of 2.16 kg).
  • the aqueous paste further contains the customary auxiliaries, such as, for example, emulsifiers, thickeners and process auxiliaries.
  • 12.5 g / m 2 paste is knife-dried with a CP grid of 110. The fabric is then fixed with a temperature of 120 ° C for 12 sec.
  • the material used is a polyester-cotton outer fabric.
  • the material used is a polyester-cotton outer fabric.
  • Table 3 shows the release force values of the coated foam and the directly coated insert Table 3 Paste-coated foam surface coating Direct coated nonwoven Primary adhesion [N / 5cm] 5.8 8.2 1x60 ° C wash [N / 5cm] 5.1 5.3 1x95 ° C wash [N / 5cm] 6.8 5 1xchemical cleaning [N / 5cm] 4.9 8.0 Reverse riveting [N / 10cm] 0.1 2.3
  • thermoplastic polyamide powder having a particle size distribution of 80-200 my was added, which has a melting point of 108 ° C and an MFI value of 97 (g / 10 min) (determined at 160 ° C under a load of 2.16 kg) and the Polyurethane dispersion 2 by an analogous manner as foamed under 1. Thereafter, the foam is doctored onto a nonwoven base at 24 g / m 2 and oven dried.
  • the loading weight is 21.2 g / m 2 .
  • the inserts are then fixed at a temperature of 130 ° C or 140 ° C for 12 sec. And a pressure of 2.5 bar (press: Kannegiesser EXT 1000 CU).
  • the material used is a polyester-cotton outer fabric.
  • the release force results achieved in the coating of the nonwoven fabric article with a standard polyamide paste having a coverage of 20 g / m 2 and a CP of 110 are compared.
  • Table 4 Polymer in foam Polymer in paste Primary adhesion 130 ° C [N / 5cm] 10.0 8.3 Primary adhesion 140 ° C [N / 5cm] 12.3 10.1
  • FIG. 2 the SEM image of a top view of the polyurethane foam 2 on the coated carrier layer is shown.
  • FIG. 3 an SEM image of a cross section of the polyurethane foam 2 occupied carrier layer is shown. It can be seen clearly the very low penetration depth of the foam in the carrier layer.
  • the pore size distribution of the foam coating of a fabric according to the invention is measured on the basis of ASTM E 1294 (1989).
  • Tester PMI.01.01 Sample number: 3 Sample size: diameter 21 mm Sample thickness: 1 mm Test liquid: Galden HT230 Exposure time:> 1 min. Test temperature: 22 ° C
  • the smallest pore diameter is 12.9 ⁇ m
  • the average pore diameter is 15.2 ⁇ m
  • the largest pore diameter is 50.5 ⁇ m.
  • the pore size distribution is in FIG. 4 shown.
  • the pore size distribution of the foam coating of a sheet is measured according to ASTM E 1294 (1989).
  • the smallest pore diameter is 8.9 ⁇ m
  • the average pore diameter is 31.1 ⁇ m
  • the largest pore diameter is 80.7 ⁇ m.
  • the pore size distribution is in FIG. 5 shown.
  • Table 5 shows the air permeability according to DIN EN ISO 139 at 100 Pa Table 5 nonwoven 100% PES 100% PES mass 24 gsm 24 gsm edition 15 gsm 15 gsm tries foam pure paste line Air permeability in [l / m 2 / s] 725 129 649 131 615 122 Average 663.0 127.3

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Claims (15)

  1. Structure plate fixable thermiquement, pouvant être utilisée en tant que toile d'insertion fixable dans l'industrie textile, comprenant une couche support en un matériau textile, sur laquelle un revêtement en mousse de polyuréthane est appliqué, qui comprend un polyuréthane thermoplastique sous la forme d'un produit de réaction de :
    - au moins un polyisocyanate bifonctionnel (A), de préférence aliphatique, cycloaliphatique ou aromatique, ayant une teneur en isocyanate de 5 à 65 parties en poids,
    - au moins un polyol (B) choisi dans le groupe constitué par le polyester-polyol, le polyéther-polyol, le polycaprolactone-polyol, le polycarbonate-polyol, un copolymère de polycaprolactone-polyol le polytétrahydrofurane et leurs mélanges, ainsi qu'éventuellement avec
    - au moins un allongeur de chaînes (C),
    caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane présente une structure poreuse dans laquelle plus de 50 % des pores présentent un diamètre, mesuré selon DIN ASTM E 1294, qui se situe dans la plage allant de 5 à 30 µm.
  2. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane présente un diamètre de pore moyen qui se situe dans la plage allant de 5 à 30 µm.
  3. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la proportion de l'agent moussant dans la mousse de polyuréthane, par rapport à ses constituants moussants actifs, est inférieure à 1,5 % en poids.
  4. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la profondeur de pénétration moyenne de la mousse de polyuréthane dans la couche support est inférieure à 20 µm.
  5. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane présente une perméabilité à l'air supérieure à 150 l/m2/s à 100 Pa, mesurée selon DIN EN ISO 9237.
  6. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane présente une épaisseur de couche moyenne dans la plage allant de 5 à 400 µm.
  7. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le polyol (B) est choisi parmi le polyester-polyol et/ou le polyéther-polyol.
  8. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le polyuréthane présente une degré de réticulation inférieur à 0,1.
  9. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane est formée sous forme plane ou sous la forme d'un motif ponctuel.
  10. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'adhésif thermofusible est appliqué sur la mousse de polyuréthane et/ou sur le côté de la couche support qui est opposé à la mousse de polyuréthane.
  11. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane est configurée en tant que sous-couche d'une structure de masse adhésive bicouche, sur laquelle une couche supérieure d'adhésif thermofusible est agencée.
  12. Structure plate fixable thermiquement selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane et l'adhésif thermofusible sont configurés sous la forme de points doubles, la mousse de polyuréthane étant configurée sous la forme d'un motif ponctuel inférieur et l'adhésif thermofusible sous la forme d'un motif ponctuel supérieur.
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'une structure plate fixable thermiquement, comprend les mesures suivantes :
    a) la préparation d'une couche support,
    b) le moussage d'une dispersion de polyuréthane, qui contient un polyuréthane thermoplastique sous la forme d'un produit de réaction de :
    - au moins un polyisocyanate bifonctionnel (A) ayant une teneur en isocyanate de 5 à 65 parties en poids, avec
    - au moins un polyol (B) choisi dans le groupe constitué par le polyester-polyol, le polyéther-polyol, le polycaprolactone-polyol, le polycarbonate-polyol, un copolymère de polycaprolactone-polyol, le polytétrahydrofurane et leurs mélanges, ainsi qu'éventuellement avec
    - au moins un allongeur de chaînes (C), avec formation d'une mousse de polyuréthane, de telle sorte que la mousse de polyuréthane présente une structure poreuse dans laquelle plus de 50 % des pores présentent un diamètre, mesuré selon DIN ASTM E 1294, qui se situe dans la plage allant de 5 à 30 µm,
    c) l'application de la mousse de polyuréthane sur des zones de surface choisies de la couche support, et
    d) le traitement thermique de la couche support obtenue à l'étape c) pour le séchage et la liaison simultanée de la mousse de polyuréthane avec la couche support avec formation d'un revêtement.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la mousse de polyuréthane est configurée pour former un revêtement plan ayant un poids par litre de mousse de 1 à 450 g/l et/ou pour former un motif ponctuel ayant un poids par litre de mousse de 1 à 700 g/l.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que la dispersion de polyuréthane contient un agent de réticulation en une quantité inférieure à 2 % en poids.
EP16714401.3A 2015-04-22 2016-04-04 Textile thermofixable Active EP3286367B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL16714401T PL3286367T3 (pl) 2015-04-22 2016-04-04 Termicznie mocowalny materiał arkuszowy

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DE102015005089.3A DE102015005089A1 (de) 2015-04-22 2015-04-22 Thermisch fixierbares Flächengebilde
PCT/EP2016/057314 WO2016169752A1 (fr) 2015-04-22 2016-04-04 Textile thermofixable

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JP (1) JP6526833B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102100232B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107466329B (fr)
CA (1) CA2983539C (fr)
DE (1) DE102015005089A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2738984T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3286367T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2677960C1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI666116B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016169752A1 (fr)

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US12195912B2 (en) 2017-10-27 2025-01-14 Carl Freudenberg Kg Thermally fusible sheet body
TW202104720A (zh) * 2019-05-09 2021-02-01 英商萊卡英國有限公司 具有固體低熔融粉末之可轉印彈性分散物
KR20220146610A (ko) * 2020-03-03 2022-11-01 도레이 카부시키가이샤 의류
KR102370363B1 (ko) * 2021-06-21 2022-03-07 주식회사 덕성 온도조절이 가능한 기능성 퍼프 및 그 제조방법
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KR20170122250A (ko) 2017-11-03
US20180057983A1 (en) 2018-03-01
CN107466329A (zh) 2017-12-12
DE102015005089A1 (de) 2016-10-27
JP2018517068A (ja) 2018-06-28
CA2983539C (fr) 2020-01-07
ES2738984T3 (es) 2020-01-28
WO2016169752A1 (fr) 2016-10-27
KR102100232B1 (ko) 2020-04-13
CN107466329B (zh) 2021-07-20
EP3286367A1 (fr) 2018-02-28
US10472751B2 (en) 2019-11-12
JP6526833B2 (ja) 2019-06-05
PL3286367T3 (pl) 2020-02-28
TW201718265A (zh) 2017-06-01
RU2677960C1 (ru) 2019-01-22
TWI666116B (zh) 2019-07-21
CA2983539A1 (fr) 2016-10-27

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