EP3260221A1 - Horizontal casting chamber, kit with a casting chamber and a filling aid and method for pressure casting of metal in a casting chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a horizontal casting chamber 1, in particular for the die casting of metal, with an elongated, a central axis A defining shell 2, which has a Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 at its machine-side end 3 and at its mold-side end 5, a central, Gußmaterialauslassöffnung 6 and which is divided along the central axis A into a Gussmaterialauslassöffnung 6 comprising the main body 7 and the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 comprehensive exchange bushing 8, wherein the base body 7 and the exchangeable sleeve 8 at their ends facing each other 9, 10 fluid-tight and releasably connected to each other and Fastening means or fastening means and positioning means are provided, by means of which the exchangeable sleeve 8 can be positioned and fastened in a plurality of defined, about the central axis A against each other twisted mounting positions on the base body 7. In addition, the invention relates to a kit with a casting chamber 1 and a filling aid 22. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for pressure casting of metal in a horizontal casting chamber. 1

Description

The invention relates to a horizontal casting chamber, in particular for the die casting of metal, with an elongated, a central axis defining shell body having at its machine end a Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung and at its mold-side end a central, axial Gussmaterialauslassöffnung and along the central axis in a the Gussmaterialauslassöffnung comprehensive base body and a Gußmaterialeinfüllöffnung comprehensive exchange sleeve is divided, wherein the base body and the interchangeable sleeve are fluid-tight and releasably connected to each other at their ends facing each other. Furthermore, the invention relates to a kit with such a casting chamber and a filling aid and a method for pressure casting of metal in a horizontal casting chamber.

Casting chambers are primarily used in die casting machines for die casting metals such as aluminum, magnesium and brass. In particular, horizontal casting chambers are used, which are used horizontally in operation and whose shell body has at its one, machine-side end at the top of a Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung and at its other, form-side end a central, axial Gussmaterialauslassöffnung.

During operation, the casting chambers are exposed to high thermal and mechanical loads. Thus, during the filling process depending on the material to be cast or the metal alloy to be cast below the Gußmaterialeinfüllöffnung reaches temperatures of significantly more than 600 ° C. At this temperature, iron atoms may diffuse out of the surface of the casting chamber, causing it to become brittle and flake off, causing scouring, which may impede the sliding movement of a pressure piston in the casting chamber and expose the pressure piston to increased wear. In general, hot casting material filled in by the pouring material filling opening always makes use of the gravitational force to strike its inner surface in the respectively underlying area of the interior of the exchangeable bushing. In the case of an overhead Gußmaterialeinfüllöffnung the filling of the casting material of the Gußmaterialeinfüllöffnung immediately opposite region of the inner surface of the jacket body, on which meets the hot casting material, the highest thermal stress. If such washes reach a certain level of wear, the worn casting chamber must be removed and the die casting machine must be equipped with a new casting chamber. However, this is associated with a corresponding cost and effort.

To increase the service life of a casting chamber as a whole and thus more economical to operate a die casting machine, it is for example from the EP 1 405 685 A1 known to perform the casting chamber in several parts. In this case, the jacket body is divided axially into a base body comprising the casting material outlet opening and an exchangeable sleeve comprising the casting material filling opening, wherein the base body and the exchangeable sleeve are connected to one another at their ends facing each other in a fluid-tight and detachable manner. The exchangeable bushing thus comprises those areas of the casting chamber which are exposed to thermal stress to a particularly high extent during operation. Due to the multi-part design of the casting chamber, it is possible a worn exchange bushing to exchange for a new exchangeable bushing without having to equip the die casting machine with a completely new casting chamber.

From the EP 1 405 685 A1 It is also known to provide the interchangeable bushing on the inside at least partially with a ceramic wear bush, which has shrunk into the shell body. Such a ceramic wear bush locally prevents contact between the metal material of the sheath body and the casting material. Due to a relatively high temperature resistance and an associated relatively high resistance of the ceramic wear sleeve against leaching, the material of the sheath body can be better protected from the hot casting material. Even if an exchangeable bushing provided with such a ceramic wear bushing can be used longer than a corresponding replaceable bushing without a ceramic wear bushing, such a ceramic wear bushing also has washouts after a certain operating time and must be exchanged for a corresponding new wear bushing.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a horizontal casting chamber and a method for die casting of metal in such a horizontal casting chamber, by which it is possible to increase the life of the horizontal casting chamber.

In a horizontal casting chamber, this object is achieved in that fastening means or fastening means and positioning means are provided, by means of which the removable bushing can be positioned and secured in a plurality of defined, about the central axis against each other twisted mounting positions on the body.

Furthermore, the invention is achieved in a method for die casting of metal of the type mentioned in that the exchange bushing detached from the body, relative to this rotated about the central axis in a new mounting position and in this again fluid-tightly and releasably connected to the body becomes.

The invention is thus based on the consideration, the casting chamber in such a way that the removable sleeve can be mounted in different angular positions on the body. Thus, when the exchangeable sleeve is washed out after a certain number of shots of the die casting machine in its bottom region, in which the hot casting material strikes the inner surface of the exchangeable sleeve, it is no longer necessary, as in the prior art, to replace the exchangeable sleeve. Rather, the change bushing can be solved in a simple manner from the base body, rotated about the central axis in a different mounting position and in this again attached to the base body. In the new mounting position, the bottom area of the exchangeable sleeve then lying down is not or only slightly washed out. In other words, the exchangeable sleeve can be brought into different fastening positions relative to the main body, in which case at least different regions of the inner surface of the exchangeable sleeve form the bottom region thereof, which is hit by the hot casting material filled through the casting material filling opening. As a result, the replacement intervals for the exchangeable bushing and / or a wear bushing located in the replaceable bush are lengthened.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the exchangeable sleeve of the horizontal casting chamber according to the invention can be positioned and fixed in a neutral position on the base body such that the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung is located at the top of the casting chamber and in particular is vertically aligned, wherein the exchangeable sleeve is preferably positionable and fixable in two further attachment positions on the base body, which are rotated relative to the neutral position in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction, so that the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung in each of these two attachment positions obliquely upwards. In the case of a vertical orientation of the casting material filling opening, the hot casting material can be filled particularly conveniently into the casting chamber by utilizing the force of gravity. Since the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung in the two opposite the neutral position twisted mounting positions of the interchangeable sleeve each has obliquely upwards, can also be filled in these two mounting positions, the hot casting material by utilizing the gravitational force in the casting chamber. In addition, the hot casting material impinges on the inner surface of the exchangeable sleeve or a wear bushing arranged therein at different points below the casting material filling opening. This results in a more uniform stress on the inner surface in the region of Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung.

Conveniently, the attachment positions are offset by equal angles to each other, wherein the angle between two adjacent attachment positions is in particular between 30 ° and 60 °, and preferably 45 °. Such an angular offset is particularly advantageous when a mounting position is defined in which the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung is vertically aligned. Because in another mounting position, which is adjacent to the aforementioned and offset by an angle of 45 °, such an angle ensures that hot casting material can easily flow into the casting chamber by utilizing the gravitational force. On the other hand, in this case, an angle of 45 ° is large enough so that the places where the casting material impinges on the inner surface, far enough from each other lie away and thus the most uniform possible stress on the inner surface is ensured.

Advantageously, the exchangeable sleeve and the base body are screwed together and positioned by the screw in the different mounting positions. Preferably, through holes are provided in the replaceable bushing, which pass through the exchangeable bushing axially between their end faces, and are formed in the end face of the body to the through holes corresponding threaded holes through which the replaceable bushing and the main body can be screwed by means of fastening screws in the different mounting positions. The threaded holes are preferably blind holes. The through bores and / or the threaded holes can be arranged with uniform offset along the circumference of the jacket body, wherein in the region of Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung no through hole is present and wherein the angular offset between the through holes in particular between 30 ° and 60 ° and is preferably 45 °. A uniform offset of the holes allows each two adjacent, defined mounting positions are rotated by the same angle to each other. Therefore, it makes sense not to provide a through hole in the region of the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung because such and / or possibly inserted into this fastening screw would hinder the pouring of the casting material in the casting chamber.

Advantageously, at least one inlet and at least one outlet of a tempering system is formed on the base body, in particular in the immediate vicinity of a transition region between the base body and the exchangeable sleeve, wherein the inlets and outlets extend in particular in a radial direction of the shell body and with at least one in the wall of the jacket body extending coolant channel are fluidly connected. Since during operation of a casting chamber different areas thereof are heated to different degrees by the hot casting material, the temperature in the casting chamber can be adjusted and kept constant by means of a tempering system. By cooling a region below or opposite the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung embrittled the material of the casting less and leaching is counteracted or their formation is delayed.

Conveniently, the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung is funnel-shaped, with its cross-section decreases towards the interior of the sheath body out. This facilitates the filling of the casting material.

Preferably, the sheath body substantially in the form of a hollow cylinder, in particular wherein the inner diameter is about 120 mm and / or its outer diameter is about 280 to 360 mm and / or the total length is about 815 mm and / or the length of the interchangeable bushing about 320 mm is.

In order to facilitate the filling of casting material into the casting chamber during die casting, a filling aid is preferably inserted into the casting material filling opening. This is especially true when the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung is not vertically oriented upward, but obliquely upwards. By way of example, the filling aid may be a funnel, which is preferably designed in such a way that the funnel inlet opening points vertically upwards when the funnel is inserted into a casting material filling opening of the exchangeable bushing pointing only obliquely upwards. In this case, the outer contour of the funnel is preferred to the The contour of the pouring material filling opening is adjusted so that the funnel completely closes the pouring material filling opening.

With the casting chamber described above, therefore, a casting chamber is provided, which has an increased service life compared to the previously known horizontal casting chambers. In addition, the method described above makes it possible to significantly increase the service life of a horizontal casting chamber.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen horizontalen Gießkammer gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer auseinander gebauten Konfiguration;

Figur 2

eine schematische Seitenansicht der horizontalen Gießkammer aus Figur 1 in einer zusammen gebauten Konfiguration;

Figur 3

eine Schnittansicht entlang der Schnittlinie III-III in Figur 2;

Figur 4

eine schematische Ansicht der maschinenseitigen Stirnseite der horizontalen Gießkammer aus Figur 1;

Figur 5

eine Schnittansicht entlang der Schnittlinie V-V in Figur 4;

Figur 6

eine schematische Ansicht der maschinenseitigen Stirnseite der horizontalen Gießkammer aus Figur 1 bei einer ersten Befestigungsposition der Wechselbüchse an dem Grundkörper;

Figur 7

eine schematische Ansicht der maschinenseitigen Stirnseite der horizontalen Gießkammer aus Figur 1 bei einer zweiten Befestigungsposition der Wechselbüchse an dem Grundkörper; und

Figur 8

eine schematische Ansicht der maschinenseitigen Stirnseite der horizontalen Gießkammer aus Figur 1 bei einer dritten Befestigungsposition der Wechselbüchse an dem Grundkörper.

Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the horizontal casting chamber according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In it is:

FIG. 1

a perspective schematic view of a horizontal casting chamber according to the invention according to an embodiment of the present invention in a disassembled configuration;

FIG. 2

a schematic side view of the horizontal casting chamber FIG. 1 in an assembled configuration;

FIG. 3

a sectional view taken along the section line III-III in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4

a schematic view of the machine side end of the horizontal casting chamber FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 5

a sectional view taken along the section line VV in FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 6

a schematic view of the machine side end of the horizontal casting chamber FIG. 1 at a first attachment position of the removable sleeve to the main body;

FIG. 7

a schematic view of the machine side end of the horizontal casting chamber FIG. 1 at a second attachment position of the removable sleeve to the base body; and

FIG. 8

a schematic view of the machine side end of the horizontal casting chamber FIG. 1 at a third attachment position of the removable sleeve to the body.

The FIGS. 1 to 5 show different views of a horizontal casting chamber 1 according to the invention for the die casting of metal according to an embodiment of the present invention. The casting chamber 1 has an elongated, a central axis A defining shell body 2. In the present embodiment, this has substantially the shape of a hollow cylinder, in which case the inner diameter is about 120 mm, the outer diameter is in large parts about 280 mm and whose total length is about 815 mm. The sheath body 2 has at its machine-side end 3 a funnel-shaped Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4, the cross-section of which reduces towards the interior of the sheath body 2, and at its mold-side end 5 a central, axial Gussmaterialauslassöffnung 6. In addition, the sheath body 2 is divided along the central axis A in a Gussmaterialauslassöffnung 6 comprehensive body 7 and the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 comprehensive exchange bushing 8, wherein the length of the exchangeable sleeve 8 with about 320 mm is slightly more than a third of the total length of the sheath body 2. The main body 7 and the exchangeable sleeve 8 are at their to each other assigning ends 9, 10 fluid-tight and releasably connected to each other.

There are provided fastening means by means of which the exchangeable sleeve 8 can be positioned and fastened in a plurality of defined, about the central axis A against each other twisted mounting positions on the base body 7, such as in the FIGS. 6 to 8 is shown. These show the exchangeable bushing 8 in three different attachment positions on the base body 7. In the FIG. 6 the exchange bushing 8 is positioned and fixed in a neutral position on the base body 7 such that the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 is located on the upper side 11 of the casting chamber 1 and is vertically aligned. In the FIGS. 7 and 8 is the change bushing 8 relative to the neutral position in a clockwise direction and in the counterclockwise direction by a predetermined angle, which is here 45 °, twisted, so that the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 each obliquely upwards.

For positioning and fastening of the exchangeable sleeve 8 on the base body 7 in the different mounting positions, the fastening means comprise seven through holes 12 which pass through the exchangeable sleeve 8 axially between their end faces 13, 14 and with a uniform angular displacement of 45 ° along the circumference of the interchangeable sleeve 8 in the Wall 15 of the shell body 2 are arranged, wherein in the region of the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 a through hole 12 is omitted. On the other hand, in the end face 16 of the main body 7 corresponding to the through holes 12 threaded holes 17 are formed in the form of blind holes, which are arranged with a uniform angular displacement of 45 ° along the circumference of the base body 7 in the wall 15 of the shell body 2 and via which the exchangeable sleeve 8 and the main body 7 by means of fastening screws 18 can be positioned and screwed in the different attachment positions. In the present embodiment, the fastening screws 18 are hexagon socket screws. It is understood that in general any type of screw can be used. Like from the FIG. 1 it can be seen, the base body 7 with eight threaded holes 17 has a threaded bore 17 more than through holes 12 in the removable bushing 8 are present.

As in particular in the Figures 2 and 4 can be seen, are formed on the base body 7 in the immediate vicinity of a transition region 19 between the base body 7 and the removable bushing 8, an inlet 20 and a drain 21 of a tempering. In this case, the inlets and outlets 21 extend in a radial direction R of the jacket body 2 and are fluid-connected to a coolant channel extending in the wall 15 of the jacket body 2. The coolant channel is in the FIGS. 1 to 5 not shown.

In the FIGS. 2 to 5 7 and 8, it can be seen that a hopper filling aid 22 is inserted into the pouring material filling opening 4 to facilitate filling of pouring material into the pouring chamber 1 when the pouring material filling opening 4 is inclined upward. The funnel 22 is designed such that its funnel inlet opening 23 always points vertically upwards even when the casting material filling opening 4 points obliquely upwards. Furthermore, the outer contour of the funnel 22 is adapted to the shape of the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4, so that the funnel 22, the Gußmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 completely encloses.

During operation of the casting chamber 1 casting material from a dispenser 24 is filled through the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung 4 optionally with the aid of the funnel 22 into the casting chamber 1. In the Figures 3 and 4 are each two different filling heights of the casting material within the casting chamber 1 during operation of the casting chamber 1 indicated. The lower of the two fill levels is the so-called "piston start" fill level 25 and the higher of the two fill levels is the so-called "piston-shot" fill level 26. After a certain number of shots, the Removable bushing 8 respectively detached from the base body 7 and successively in all mounting positions, which are shown by way of example in the drawings 6 to 8, positioned on the base body 7 and fixed. Only when the wear of the exchangeable sleeve 8 exceeds a certain wear limit after utilization of all defined fastening positions, the replaceable sleeve 8 is optionally replaced by a new exchangeable sleeve 8.

With regard to further advantages of the horizontal casting chamber 1 according to the invention as described above, reference is made to the general description part to avoid repetition.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

casting chamber

2

covering body

3

Machine-side end

4

Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung

5

shapely end

6

Gussmaterialauslaßöffnung

7

body

8th

AC rifle

9

End of the exchange box

10

End of the body

11

Top of the casting chamber

12

Through Hole

13

Front side of the exchangeable sleeve

14

Front side of the exchangeable sleeve

15

Wall of the shell body

16

Face of the body

17

threaded hole

18

mounting screws

19

Transition area

20

Intake

21

procedure

22

funnel

23

Funnel inlet port

24

donor

25

Piston start filling level

26

Piston-shot filling level

Claims (14)

Horizontal casting chamber (1), in particular for the die-casting of metal, with an elongated, a central axis (A) defining the jacket body (2) at its machine end (3) a Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4) and at its mold-side end (5) a central, axial Gußmaterialauslassöffnung (6) and which is divided along the central axis (A) in the Gussmaterialauslassöffnung (6) comprising the base body (7) and the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4) comprising exchange bushing (8), wherein the base body (7 ) and the exchangeable sleeve (8) at their mutually facing ends (9, 10) are fluid-tight and releasably connected to each other, characterized in that fastening means or fastening means and positioning means are provided, by means of which the exchangeable sleeve (8) defined in several to the central Axis (A) against each other twisted mounting positions on the base body (7) positioned and fastened n can. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the exchangeable bushing (8) can be positioned and fastened in a neutral position on the base body (7) such that the casting material filling opening (4) on the top side (11) of the casting chamber (FIG. 1) and in particular is vertically aligned, wherein the exchangeable sleeve (8) is preferably positionable and fixable in two further attachment positions on the base body (7), which are rotated in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction relative to the neutral position, so that the casting material filling opening (8) 4) points obliquely upwards in these two fastening positions. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixing positions at equal angles to each other are offset, wherein the angle between two adjacent attachment positions is in particular between 30 ° and 60 °, and preferably 45 °. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exchangeable sleeve (8) and the base body (7) are screwed together and can be positioned by the screwing in the different fastening positions. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that in the removable bush (8) through holes (12) are provided, which pass through the exchange bush (8) axially between their end faces (13, 14), and in that in the end face (16 ) of the base body (7) to the through holes (12) corresponding threaded holes (17) are formed, via which the exchange bushing (8) and the base body (7) by means of fastening screws (18) can be screwed in the different mounting positions. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the through holes (12) and / or the threaded bores (17) are arranged with uniform offset along the circumference of the shell body (2), wherein in the region of Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4) no through hole (12) is present and wherein the angular offset between the through holes (12) is in particular between 30 ° and 60 °, and preferably 45 °. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the base body (7), in particular in the immediate vicinity of a transition region (19) between the base body (7) and the exchangeable sleeve (8), at least one inlet (20) and at least one outlet (21) of a tempering system is formed, the inlet (20) and drains (21) extending in particular in a radial direction (R) of the jacket body (2) and having at least one in the wall (15) of the jacket body (2) extending coolant channel are fluidly connected. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4) is funnel-shaped, with its cross section to the interior of the shell body (2) decreases towards. Horizontal casting chamber (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the jacket body (2) has substantially the shape of a hollow cylinder, in particular wherein the inner diameter is about 120 mm and / or the outer diameter is about 280 to 360 mm and / or whose total length is about 815 mm and / or the length of the exchangeable sleeve (8) is about 320 mm. Kit comprising a casting chamber (1) according to one of the preceding claims and a filling aid (22) which can be inserted at least partially into the casting material filling opening (4). Kit according to claim 10, characterized in that the filling aid (22) is formed as a funnel, which is in particular designed such that the funnel (22) completely or substantially completely closes the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4) when inserted into the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung is. Kit according to claim 11, characterized in that the funnel (22) is designed such that its funnel inlet opening (23) points vertically upwards when the funnel (22) is inserted into the casting material filling opening (4) of the exchangeable sleeve (8). Method for die-casting metal in a horizontal casting chamber (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 9, which has an elongate, a central axis (A) defining shell body (2) at its machine-side end (3) has a Gußmaterialeinfüllöffnung ( 4) and at its mold-side end (5) has a central, axial Gußmaterialauslassöffnung (6) and along the central axis (A) in a Gussmaterialauslassöffnung (6) comprising the base body (7) and the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4) comprising exchange bushing ( 8), wherein the base body (7) and the exchangeable sleeve (8) are fluid-tightly and detachably connected together at their mutually facing ends (9, 10) in a fastening position, and casting material is introduced through the casting material filling opening (4) into the casting chamber (1). is filled, characterized in that the exchange bush (8) of the main body (7) dissolved, relative to this about the central axis e (A) is rotated to a new mounting position and in this again with the main body (7) fluid-tight and releasably connected. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that during the die casting a filling aid (22), preferably a funnel, is inserted into the Gussmaterialeinfüllöffnung (4), wherein the funnel (22) is used in particular such and / or formed that its funnel inlet opening (23) vertically or at least substantially vertically facing upwards.

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