EP3258028A1 - Device in the form of a shear element for reinforcing a concrete floor - Google Patents

Abstract

A designed as a thrust element device for reinforcing a concrete pavement, in particular against punching in the region of its support on a support, comprising a top (2A) and a bottom (2B), a radial outer surface (2C) and a tube axis (2D) having tubular body (2) for selectively passing at least one strand, such as at least one cable, pipe or the like, transversely to the concrete floor, with at least one collar-shaped anchoring element (1) protruding circumferentially beyond the radial outer surface (2C) of the tubular body (2) 1A, 1B). In order to enable a generic pusher element, even in its immediate vicinity, to produce a concrete pavement of high concrete quality, in particular compressive strength of the concrete, it is proposed that the at least one anchoring element (1; 1A, 1B) at least on its underside (2B) of tubular body (2) facing side, at least at the transition to the outer surface (2C) of the tubular body, with the outer surface forms an angle ± between 91 ° and 150 °.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device designed as a thrust element for reinforcing a concrete floor according to the preamble of claims 1, 3 and 5. Accordingly, such a thrust element comprises a top and bottom, a radially outer surface and a tube axis having tubular body for selectively performing at least one Strand, such as at least one cable, a pipe or the like, across the concrete floor. The tubular body has at least one, the radially outer surface of the tubular body circumferentially superior collar-shaped anchoring element. Preferably, the anchoring element orbits the radial outer surface of the tubular body without interruption. Such a pushing element is used in particular against the punching of the concrete ceiling in the region of its support, such as a support.

TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

Such pushers are known in principle, in particular from the DE 199 37 414 A1 as based on the FIG. 1 (Prior art) will be explained below: one on a support 4 '( Fig. 1 ) lying concrete ceiling 3 'is provided on site with a bending tensile reinforcement 5' and has in the support near area a tube 2 ', which penetrates the concrete ceiling 3' from its top to its underside and at their ends with the tube 2 'outside protruding beads. 1 'Is provided to initiate the transverse force stress of the ceiling plate via contact pressure between the beads 1' and the surrounding concrete via a frictional connection of the tube 2 'with the beads 1' in the tube 2 '. The tube 2 'is to experience a tensile stress in the direction of its axis. By tubular member provided with beads, the adjacent concrete to be wrapped and counteracted a punching through the support through the ceiling. Through the tube 2 'a variety of strands can be passed as those of domestic technology, be it fluid-carrying lines, cable strands, cable guide tubes and the like.

It has been found that the quality of the surrounding concrete, u. A. is due to the segregation, worse than in the rest of the concrete floor, in particular, the compressive strength of the concrete is of reduced quality. As a result, the concrete ceiling in the region of the component undergoes a weakening, which should actually prevent the device.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Based on this, the present invention seeks to provide a tubular body having thrust element for reinforcement of a concrete floor, which in its immediate vicinity, the manufacture of a Concrete pavement with high concrete quality, in particular compressive strength of the concrete allowed.

To solve this problem, a generic thrust element with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Accordingly, it is provided that the at least one, the tubular body circumferentially superior collar-shaped anchoring element on at least its side facing the bottom of the tubular body, at least at the transition to the outer surface of the tubular body, with the outer surface of the tubular body an angle α between 91 ° and 150 ° forms. The angle α is preferably between 95 ° and 125 ° and most preferably between 100 ° and 110 °.

Extensive tests have shown that the above-mentioned reduction in the quality of concrete in the range of a generic thrust element u. A. Based on a change in the mixing ratio between the cement, the cementum sand / gravel and the mixing water, ie on a separation. These mixing shifts are largely prevented by the measure according to the invention to completely.

The anchoring element can form on its side facing the underside of the tubular body a total angle α between 91 ° and 150 ° ( Fig. 3 ) or only at its transition to the outer surface of the tubular body, being understood in the context of the invention with the transition, a transition zone. As a transition to the outer surface of the tubular body, in which this transition with the outer surface forms an angle α between 91 ° and 150 °, u. A. a circumferential, in particular circumferentially closed, deformation zone of the tubular body, such as in Fig. 4A, 4B , be provided.

According to one embodiment of the invention according to claim 3 (of independent inventive importance), in a generic thrust element, the area ratio of the viewed in the axial direction projection surface of the collar-shaped anchoring element to the viewed in the axial direction projection surface (Cross sectional area) of the tubular body 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10, and more preferably 7.5 to 8.5. As a result, as an alternative or in addition to the features of claim 1, an excellent transverse force reinforcement of the concrete floor is achieved by the pushing element. The area ratio which is specifically preferred within the bandwidths (the value ranges) of the area ratios is, preferably, dependent on the tensile strength of the tubular body and / or the anchoring element and / or depending on the diameter of the tubular body and / or depending on the respective concrete quality selected. It may be relatively large at a relatively high tensile strength and / or at a relatively large diameter of the tubular body and / or at relatively low concrete quality.

The effectiveness of the anchoring element is improved if its distance (a) from the adjacent upper or lower side (2C or 2B) of the tubular body is 1 cm to 5 cm, preferably 2 cm to 4 cm.

In a further embodiment of the invention according to claim 5 (of independent inventive importance), the tubular body at at least one of its front ends on the respective end face, preferably after axially outwardly projecting, closure element for closing the pipe opening. It has been found that the planning of cable penetrations through concrete floors is difficult. In order to ensure the most variable possible arrangement of the cable bushings, it is therefore proposed to open the generic pushers only in the actual case of need for line feedthrough, so they first keep locked and open only in the eventual needs identified. This allows the use of a plurality of pusher elements in the support area without weakening the concrete pavement.

Particularly preferably, the closure element projects beyond the respective front end of the tubular body axially outward. As a result, the front ends of the tubular body remain at a predeterminable distance from the concrete ceiling surface. This has a further improvement in concrete quality, in particular the compressive strength of the concrete in the immediate vicinity of the thrust element result. The axial distance with which the closure element projects beyond the tube opening towards the concrete ceiling surface is preferably 1 cm to 5 cm and particularly preferably 2 cm to 4 cm.

The closure element may be made of various materials, in particular of plastic, and / or consist of fire-retardant material. In particular, the closure element may have a spacer. Such a spacer may have the shape of a pilot extension and / or a positioning extension. Both serve the distance attitude to the lower concrete slab formwork or to the upper concrete ceiling surface. In the case of training as a pilot extension, it serves to rediscover the position of the pusher element after casting the concrete pavement. This can be further supported by a striking color of the pilot plant. Positioning extensions are especially on the bottom of the pusher advantage and can simplify the preferred rectangular orientation to the formwork of the concrete pavement.

If the closure element consists of fire-retardant material or has a fire-retardant material zone and / or the closure element is completely or partially filled with fire-retardant material, a reduction in the risk of fire in the region of the push elements not required for cable bushings is achieved.

If the tubular body in the region of its top and / or its underside has a cross-sectional widening towards the tube end, this allows a simple way to axially clamp closure elements between the top and bottom.

The thrust element, in particular its tubular body and / or the laterally projecting collar-shaped anchoring element, may preferably be made of steel, but alternatively also of fiber-reinforced composite material or plastic. The cross section is preferably, but not necessarily circular cylindrical.

The tubular body may be provided with a slippery or falling-out barrier for packing in its interior.

Push elements according to the invention can be used both as single push elements or in groups. But they can also be part of a more extensive punching reinforcement and e.g. be concatenated with other punching reinforcement elements.

The above-mentioned and the claimed components and process conditions to be used according to the invention described in the exemplary embodiments are not subject to special exceptions in terms of size, shape, material selection and technical design, so that the selection criteria known in the field of application can be used without restriction

Further details, features and advantages of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, as well as from the following description and the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 2 to 10 in which exemplary embodiments of reinforcement arrangements are shown. Also, individual features of the claims or of the embodiments may be combined with other features of other claims and embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

• Fig. 2 eine Betondecke mit einem Schubelement zur Übertragung von Querkräften im Vertikalschnitt, wobei die linke und die rechte Bildhälfte unterschiedliche, aber miteinander kombinierbare Ausführungsformen zeigen;
• Fig. 3 eine Ausführungsform eines Schubelementes im Längsschnitt als Detaildarstellung des oberen Endbereiches;
• Fig. 4A/B weitere Ausführungsformen eines Schubelementes im Längsschnitt als Detaildarstellung des oberen Endbereiches;
• Fig. 5A eine Ausführungsform eines in eine Betondecke eingegossenen Schubelementes im Vertikalschnitt als Detaildarstellung des oberen Endbereiches;
• Fig. 5B eine Ausführungsform eines in eine Betondecke eingegossenen Schubelementes im Vertikalschnitt als Detaildarstellung des unteren Bereiches;
• Fig. 5C eine Ausführungsform eines in eine Betondecke eingegossenen Schubelementes im Vertikalschnitt als Detaildarstellung des unteren Bereiches;
• Fig. 6 ein Verankerungselement für ein Schubelement im Vertikalschnitt mit unterer Fase für eine Schweißverbindung mit dem rohrförmigen Körper;
• Fig. 7 ein weiteres Verankerungselement entsprechend Fig.6 aber ohne untere Fase;
• Fig. 8 eine auf einer Säule ruhende Betondecke mit mehreren Schubelementen im säulennahen Bereich;
• Fig. 9 eine Durchstanzbewehrung für eine Betondecke in sternförmiger Anordnung um eine die Betondecke tragende Säule mit verketteten Durchstanzbewehrungselementen sowie
• Fig. 10 ein weiteres Schubelement im Vertikalschnitt und Detaildarstellung des unteren Bereiches.

In the drawing show:

• Fig. 2 a concrete floor with a thrust element for transmitting transverse forces in vertical section, wherein the left and the right half of the figure show different but combinable embodiments;
• Fig. 3 an embodiment of a thrust element in longitudinal section as a detail of the upper end region;
• Fig. 4A / B further embodiments of a thrust element in longitudinal section as a detailed representation of the upper end region;
• Fig. 5A an embodiment of a cast in a concrete pavement thrust element in vertical section as a detailed representation of the upper end region;
• Fig. 5B an embodiment of a cast in a concrete pavement thrust element in vertical section as a detailed representation of the lower region;
• Fig. 5C an embodiment of a cast in a concrete pavement thrust element in vertical section as a detailed representation of the lower region;
• Fig. 6 an anchoring element for a thrust element in vertical section with lower chamfer for a welded connection with the tubular body;
• Fig. 7 another anchoring element accordingly Figure 6 but without lower chamfer;
• Fig. 8 a concrete floor resting on a column with several pushing elements in the vicinity of the column;
• Fig. 9 a punching shear reinforcement for a concrete pavement in a star-shaped arrangement around a column supporting the concrete slab with linked shear-cut reinforcement elements as well as
• Fig. 10 another thrust element in vertical section and detail of the lower area.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The embodiment according to Fig. 2 shows a first thrust element in two different installation situations in a concrete floor 3. The generally designated 10 thrust element comprises a tubular body 2 with preferably circular-cylindrical cross-section. At least one, preferably two anchoring elements (1, 1A, 1B) circulate, preferably uninterruptedly, the radial outer surface 2A of the tubular body 2 and protrude over the latter like a collar. On its side facing the underside 2B of the tubular body 2, the anchoring elements (1; 1A, 1B) form an angle α of greater than 90 ° with the outer surface 2A of the tubular body 2. This is in the illustrated and so far preferred embodiment about 105 °. In this way, during concreting and / or during the subsequent shaking of the concrete, a development of the concrete substantially free from segregation also develops in the immediate vicinity of the pushing element.

The anchoring element or the anchoring elements (1, 1A, 1B) and / or the tubular body 2 consist, preferably, of steel, alternatively of fiber-reinforced composite material or plastic.

The connection of the collar-shaped anchoring element 1 with the outer surface 2 A of the tubular element 2 can be done arbitrarily per se, such as a press fit, by way of Reibverschweißung or as interrupted or circumferentially closed weld S, as in Fig. 6 exemplified. This weld S is used in the illustrated and thus preferred embodiment u. A. as a transition to the outer surface 2A of the tubular body 2, wherein this transition with the outer surface 2A forms an angle α between 91 ° and 150 °. At the in Fig. 2 in the left half of the embodiment illustrated in which the upper side 2C of the tubular body 2 with the surface 3A of Ceiling 3 is flush, the top of the tubular body facing side of the upper anchoring element is arranged at a distance a from the top 2 C of the pusher 10 away. The distance a is preferably 1 cm to 5 cm and particularly preferably 2 cm to 4 cm. In the lower anchoring element 1B, the corresponding distance to the lower side 2B of the tubular body 2 in the illustrated preferred embodiment is somewhat smaller. In addition, the bottom 2B of the tubular body 2 terminates at a distance b above the bottom surface 3B of the concrete pavement. This distance b is preferably 1 cm to 5 cm and more preferably 2 cm to 4 cm.

In the embodiment on the right side of FIG Fig. 2 The upper side 2C of the tubular body 2 also terminates at an axial distance b from the surface 3A of the concrete pavement 3. This distance b preferably has the dimension as at the lower end of the pusher element 10.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is the area ratio of the viewed in the axial direction of the projection surface F1 of the collar-shaped anchoring element 1A and 1B for viewed in the axial direction projection surface F2 of the tubular body 2 each 8.0 and corresponds to a preferred embodiment so far. This can ensure that a certain, eg building permit, concrete compressive strength is not exceeded. The tensile force created / desired in the tubular body 2 can be adjusted by selecting that area ratio and / or by appropriately selecting the tensile force of the material used for the tubular body 2 so that the pusher 10 replaces a conventional double-headed anchor. The projected in the axial direction projection surface F1 of the collar-shaped anchoring element can be chosen so that the resulting concrete pressure taking into account by the "recess" (tube cavity) fallen shear resistance of the concrete of the concrete pavement a conventional double-headed anchor, for example made of solid material (steel) with a diameter of 25 mm, corresponds.

The tubular body may be provided with at least one non-slip or falling-out barrier 9, e.g. be provided a bead to z. As a, not shown in the drawing, the tubular body completely or partially filling fire-retardant and / or moisture-inhibiting material layer to immobilize.

To turn off the Fig. 2 can realize apparent distances b above and / or below the front ends of the tubular body 2 in a concrete floor 3, closure elements (6; 6A, 6B) may be provided which close the upper and / or lower tube opening, preferably at the tube end. In principle, closure elements can serve alone to keep the tube opening closed when there is no need for cable bushings. However, the tube closure elements preferably have a dual function in that they also serve as spacers. Examples of such spacers arise Figs. 5A to 5C ,

According to the embodiment Fig. 5A it is the spacer to a pilot extension 8, z. B. in the form of a cam, pin or the like, which extends in the direction of the intended concrete surface 3A of the concrete slab 3 to be cast and is dimensioned so that it appears visible in the concrete surface 3A or possibly slightly protruding from it. Thus, the position of the thrust element 10 within the finished cast concrete ceiling can be retrieved later, so that by means of a drill or the like at this point the concrete ceiling can be opened to the interior of the tubular body 2 and used for example for cable bushings.

An approximately provided at the lower end of the pusher spacer can be used as positioning extension 7 to z. Example, to allow an upright positioning of the thrust element 10 on the slab formwork to be concreted concrete ceiling 3, the thrust element 10 so for example, to get upright, as from Fig. 5B seen.

A closure element 6 can also be used in the sense of a fire protection element, as from Fig. 5C it can be seen according to which the closure element 6 comprises a fire-retardant material layer 5.

A special type of both ends, again releasable closure of the thrust element 10 results Fig. 10 according to which a plug-like closure element 6 can be drawn into a cross-section-extended zone of the pipe end by means of a pull rod 4 and clamped against the tubular body 2.

Instead of a separate anchoring element shown in the described embodiment, this can also be formed by way of flange-like deformations or annular sprains of the tubular body 2 in one piece from this, as from FIGS. 4A and 4B seen.

While the exemplary embodiments described so far represent individual pusher elements 10, pusher elements can also be part of a more extensive punching shear reinforcement, such as in particular Fig. 9 seen.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

anchoring element

1A, 1B

upper or lower anchoring element

1C

welding

1D

chamfer

2

tubular body

2A

radial outer surface

2 B

bottom

2C

top

2D

pipe axis

2E

Sectional widening

3

concrete ceiling

3A

surface

3B

undersurface

3C

support

4

pull bar

5

fire retardant material

6

closure element

7

positioning projection

8th

Pilot extension

9

Slip or fall-out barrier

10

push element

100

Studrails

a

distance

b

distance

F1

viewed in the axial direction projection surface of the collar-shaped anchoring-rungselements

F2

viewed in the axial direction projection surface of the tubular body

S

Weld

Claims (12)

Device designed as a thrust element for reinforcing a concrete pavement, in particular against punching in the region of its support on a support, comprising a tubular body (FIG. 2A) and a lower side (2B), a radial outer surface (2C) and a tube axis (2D) ( 2) for selectively passing at least one strand, such as at least one cable, a pipe or the like, transversely to the concrete surface, with at least one collar-shaped anchoring element (1, 1) extending over the radial outer surface (2C) of the tubular body (2), preferably uninterruptedly, circumferentially. 1A, 1B), characterized
that the at least one anchoring element (1; 1A, 1B) at least on its side facing the underside (2B) of the tubular body (2), at least at the transition to the outer surface (2C) of the tubular body, with the outer surface an angle α between 91 ° and 150 ° forms. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α is 95 ° to 125 ° and particularly preferably 100 ° to 110 °. Device according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area ratio of the viewed in the axial direction projection surface of the collar-shaped anchoring element (1, 1A, 1B) to the axis viewed in the projection surface (cross-sectional area) of the tubular body (2 ) Is 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10 and, more preferably, 7.5 to 8.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance (a) of the anchoring element (1; 1A, 1B) from the adjacent upper or lower side (2C or 2B) of the tubular body (2) 1 cm to 5 cm, preferably 2 cm to 4 cm. Device according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tubular body (2) has at least one of its front ends a closure element (6) for closing at least one pipe opening. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the closure element (6) projects beyond the relevant front end of the tubular body (2) axially outward. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the closure element (6) has a spacer in the form of a pilot extension (8) and / or a Positionierfortsatzes (7). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the distance (b) of the pusher element (10) from the adjacent upper or lower surface (3A or 3B) of the concrete ceiling (3) 1 cm to 5 cm, preferably 2 cm to 4 cm. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the closure element (6) consists of fire-retardant material, comprises a fire-retardant material zone and / or is completely or partially filled with fire-retardant material. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tubular body (2) in the region of its top and / or bottom (2C and 2B) has a cross-sectional widening to the adjacent end of the pipe cross-section. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the thrust element (10) is part of a more extensive punching shear reinforcement. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tubular body (2) is completely or partially filled with an insulating and / or fire-retardant and / or moisture-inhibiting material.

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