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EP3134220B2 - Procédé et dispositif de coulée continue de brames minces - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de coulée continue de brames minces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3134220B2
EP3134220B2 EP15716054.0A EP15716054A EP3134220B2 EP 3134220 B2 EP3134220 B2 EP 3134220B2 EP 15716054 A EP15716054 A EP 15716054A EP 3134220 B2 EP3134220 B2 EP 3134220B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strand
thin
mold
electromagnetic
slab strand
Prior art date
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EP15716054.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3134220B1 (fr
EP3134220A1 (fr
Inventor
Eberhard Sowka
Frank Spelleken
Andy Rohe
Helmut OSTERBURG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/122—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock

Definitions

  • the present invention is based on a method for thin slab continuous casting according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EBR Electromagnetic Brake
  • the mold typically has a funnel-shaped, expanded cross-section in the upper part and a rectangular cross-section in the lower part. Due to these small thicknesses, the solidification times in thin slab continuous casting are comparatively short and the proportion of liquid melt inside the partially solidified strand is low. This inevitably results in a coarse, strictly oriented, columnar crystalline structure when thin slabs are continuously cast. However, such a structure can have a detrimental effect on the surface and internal properties of the products made from the thin slabs.
  • products made from the thin slab material may exhibit longitudinal streaks on the product surface, inhomogeneous mechanical properties, microstructure lines, core segregation, reduced HIC resistance (hydrogen induced cracking) and susceptibility to internal cracking.
  • a device for casting metal which comprises a mold for forming a cast strand and means for supplying a primary flow of hot metallic melt to the mold.
  • the device has a magnetic device which applies a static or periodic magnetic field to the flow of metal in the non-solidified parts of the cast strand in order to act on the molten metal in the mold during casting. This is intended to slow down and divide the flow of the hot metal in order to achieve a secondary flow pattern in the mold.
  • this document does not disclose in which area the electromagnetic stirrer is to be arranged in relation to the mold.
  • a method and a device for the continuous casting of thin slabs are known, which comprise ultrasonic transmitters mounted in the mold area and an electromagnetic brake.
  • the ultrasonic transmitters cause the mold wall to vibrate in order to reduce the temperature load, friction forces, adhesives and longitudinal depressions.
  • the particular difficulty in thin slab continuous casting is to achieve a significant microstructure refinement given the short solidification times and the small volume of liquid in the interior of the strand compared to thick slab continuous casting.
  • the present invention solves this problem.
  • a method for thin slab continuous casting comprising the method steps: feeding a metallic melt into a mold, forming a partially solidified thin slab strand from the metallic melt in the mold, reducing the flow rate of the metallic melt in the partially solidified thin slab strand by means of an electromagnetic brake (EMBR) arranged in the region of the mold and removing the partially solidified thin slab strand from the mold by means of a strand guide system, wherein non-solidified parts of the partially solidified thin slab strand are stirred by means of an electromagnetic stirrer arranged downstream below the mold along the strand withdrawal direction of the thin slab strand, wherein by means of the electromagnetic stirrer an electromagnetic traveling field is generated in an area of the thin slab strand is produced.
  • EMBR electromagnetic brake
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that a refinement of the solidification structure inside the thin slab strand is achieved by a concept for electromagnetic stirring specifically designed for thin slab continuous casting, and the simultaneous use of an electromagnetic brake prevents the increase in the flow rate of the molten steel in the mold area induced by the stirrer from leading to unacceptably strong local bath level fluctuations, ie bath level fluctuations of more than 15 mm, for example.
  • High turbulence at the bath level can lead to strand breakouts or strand surface defects due to casting slag caught on the bath level of the mold. Both strand breakouts and strand surface defects should be avoided.
  • the extent of the globulitic core zone in the direction of thickness is then at least 30% in particular.
  • longitudinal streaks, microstructure, core segregation and susceptibility to internal cracking can thus be reduced and the HIC resistance and the homogeneity of the mechanical and magnetic properties can be increased.
  • an electromagnetic traveling field is generated in an area of the thin slab strand that is between 0.9 and 3.8 m away from the bath level of the mold along the strand withdrawal direction.
  • an area of the thin slab strand that is between 0.9 and 3.8 m away from the bath level of the mold is understood to mean the area of the thin slab strand that is between 0.9 and 3.8 m away from the bath level in the mold, which is typically around 100 millimeters below the top of the mold.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is preferably arranged in such a way that the traveling field acts on the parts of the strand that have not yet solidified immediately below the mold, since the traveling field can no longer have a positive influence on the grain structure in parts of the strand that have already solidified.
  • the electromagnetic traveling field is preferably generated in an area that is between 1.5 and 2.5 m away from the bath level of the mold along the strand withdrawal direction.
  • the position of the electromagnetic stirrer or the electromagnetic alternating field along the strand withdrawal direction is defined by the distance to the bath level in the mold: the distance to the bath level along the strand withdrawal direction is between 0.9 and 3.8 meters and preferably between 1.5 and 2.5 meters.
  • either a single electromagnetic stirrer is arranged on one side of the thin slab strand, either on the fixed side or the loose side, or a separate electromagnetic stirrer is arranged on each side, i.e. on both the fixed side and the loose side.
  • the fixed side is in particular the broad side of the strand guide segments, the position of which always remains unchanged and serves as a so-called reference line. Adjustments to the strand thickness formats are then always made via the opposite loose side.
  • the method according to the invention is used in particular for producing thin slabs in the continuous casting process and hot strip or cold strip made from them.
  • the hot strip or cold strip is used in particular for the production of electrical sheets (non-grain-oriented or grain-oriented) or sheets of high-strength steels with yield strength values greater than 400 megapascals (e.g. tempering steel).
  • a thin slab in the sense of the present invention comprises in particular a slab with a thickness of between 40 and 120 millimeters.
  • the first transverse direction always runs perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction and parallel to the strand surface normal of the slab broadside, while the second transverse direction always runs perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction and parallel to the strand surface on the slab broadside.
  • the slab broadside is understood to be the side of the rectangular cross-section of the thin slab strand that has the greater extent.
  • the first and second transverse directions therefore both run perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction and perpendicular to each other.
  • the non-solidified parts are stirred within the mold and/or during the removal of the partially solidified thin slab strand from the mold through the strand guide system by means of the electromagnetic stirrer, which is positioned below the mold.
  • This advantageously ensures that during stirring the proportion of not yet solidified metallic melt inside the thin slab strand is still sufficiently large, i.e. at least 50% of the strand thickness, in order to obtain a core zone with the largest possible cross-section and a fine-grained, globulitic structure, i.e. in order to obtain a globulitic core zone with an extension in the thickness direction of the slab of at least 30%.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is set in such a way that the electromagnetic traveling field runs along a second transverse direction, which runs perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction and parallel to a strand surface on a broad side of the thin slab strand, from a first edge region of the thin slab strand to a second edge region of the thin slab strand opposite the first edge region.
  • the not yet solidified metallic melt in the thin slab strand is stirred so that fine, globulitic grains form in the solidification structure during solidification.
  • the electromagnetic traveling field is preferably reversed after a period of 1 to 60 seconds, particularly preferably between 1 and 10 seconds, so that the electromagnetic traveling field then runs along the second transverse direction from a second edge region of the thin slab strand to the first edge region of the thin slab strand. After the time period of 1 to 60 seconds has elapsed again, preferably again 1 to 10 seconds, the electromagnetic traveling field is reversed again and the cycle begins again.
  • a bidirectional, symmetrical electromagnetic traveling field is generated across the width of the thin slab strand by means of the electromagnetic stirrer, wherein the electromagnetic stirrer is adjusted such that a first subfield of the electromagnetic traveling field runs from the center of the thin slab strand to a first edge region of the thin slab strand and that a second subfield of the electromagnetic traveling field runs from the center to a second edge region of the thin slab strand opposite the first edge region.
  • This electromagnetic traveling field is preferably maintained for 1 to 60 seconds, particularly preferably between 1 and 10 seconds. After that, the electromagnetic traveling field generated by the electromagnetic stirrer and thus the direction of the two subfields are reversed.
  • This reversed electromagnetic traveling field is also preferably maintained for between 1 to 60 seconds and particularly preferably between 1 and 10 seconds. After that, the electromagnetic traveling field is reversed again and the cycle begins again.
  • This preferred embodiment ensures symmetrical stirring of the not yet solidified metallic melt within the already solidified edge zone of the thin slab strand, so that a symmetrical solidification structure with fine, globulitic grains is created.
  • a bidirectional, symmetrical electromagnetic traveling field is generated across the width of the thin slab strand by means of the electromagnetic stirrer, wherein the electromagnetic stirrer is set such that a first subfield of the electromagnetic traveling field runs from a first edge region of the thin slab strand to the center of the thin slab strand and that a second subfield of the electromagnetic traveling field runs from a second edge region of the thin slab strand opposite the first edge region to the center of the thin slab strand.
  • This electromagnetic traveling field is preferably held for 1 to 60 seconds, in particular between 1 and 10 seconds. After that, the electromagnetic traveling field generated by the electromagnetic stirrer and thus the direction of the two subfields are reversed.
  • This reversed electromagnetic traveling field is also held for between 1 to 60 seconds, in particular between 1 and 10 seconds. After that, the electromagnetic traveling field is reversed again and the cycle starts again.
  • This preferred embodiment also ensures a symmetrical stirring of the not yet solidified metallic melt within the already solidified edge zone of the thin slab strand, so that a symmetrical solidification structure with fine, globulitic grains is created.
  • an electromagnetic traveling field is generated across the width of the thin slab strand by means of the electromagnetic stirrer, the magnetic flux density of which is on average preferably 0.1 to 0.6 Tesla, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.5 Tesla and very particularly preferably essentially 0.4 Tesla. It has been shown that an alternating field with amplitudes in the range of preferably 0.1 to 0.6 Tesla, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.5 Tesla and very particularly preferably essentially 0.4 Tesla is sufficient to achieve accelerated and uniform overheating reduction in the metallic melt.
  • the flow velocity of the non-solidified parts in the partially solidified thin slab strand is a maximum of 0.7 meters per second or at least 0.2 meters per second and is preferably between 0.2 and 0.7 meters per second.
  • the associated circulation of the non-solidified parts in the thin slab strand ensures the accelerated and uniform reduction of the superheat and thus the desired microstructure refinement, without having to select a lower superheat from the outset, which would drastically increase the risk of immersion tube clogging.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is set such that the stirring frequency is at least 0.1 Hz or a maximum of 10 Hertz and is preferably between 1 and 10 Hz. It has been shown that this stirring frequency range is particularly advantageous. At a stirring frequency of less than 0.1 Hz, there is no electromagnetic traveling field, so that no stirring effect occurs. If the stirring frequency is greater than 10 Hz, the penetration depth of the electromagnetic traveling field into the interior of the strand is too low and no refinement of the structure is achieved.
  • an electromagnetic field is generated within the mold by means of the electromagnetic brake, the magnetic flux density of which is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 Tesla, particularly preferably 0.15 to 0.25 Tesla and very particularly preferably essentially 0.2 Tesla.
  • the magnetic flux density of which is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 Tesla, particularly preferably 0.15 to 0.25 Tesla and very particularly preferably essentially 0.2 Tesla.
  • the magnetic field strengths of the electromagnetic traveling field caused by the electromagnetic stirrer and the field caused by the electromagnetic brake are coordinated with one another. It has been shown that a coordination of the magnetic field strengths of the electromagnetic traveling field caused by the electromagnetic stirrer and the field caused by the electromagnetic brake is advantageous.
  • the coordination is preferably carried out by increasing the magnetic field strength of the field of the electromagnetic brake by 20 to 80% of its basic value to values between 0.1 and 0.3 Tesla when the electromagnetic stirrer is switched on.
  • the basic value in this context is understood to be the magnetic field strength of the field of the electromagnetic brake, as it is typically achieved without the additional use of an electromagnetic stirrer. is used.
  • Typical basic settings for an electromagnetic brake without the use of an electromagnetic stirrer are fields with magnetic field strengths between 0.08 and 0.2 Tesla.
  • a further object of the present invention to solve the problem mentioned at the outset is a device for thin slab continuous casting, in particular using the method according to the invention, which has a feed means for feeding a metallic melt, a mold for forming a partially solidified thin slab strand from the metallic melt, an electromagnetic brake arranged in the region of the mold for reducing the flow rate of the metallic melt inside the partially solidified strand within the mold and a strand guide system for removing the partially solidified thin slab strand from the mold, wherein the device further has an electromagnetic stirrer arranged downstream below the mold along the strand withdrawal direction of the thin slab strand for stirring non-solidified parts of the partially solidified thin slab strand, wherein the electromagnetic stirrer is spaced between 0.9 and 3.8 m from the bath level of the mold along the strand withdrawal direction.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that the metallic melt is stirred by the electromagnetic stirrer during continuous casting, thereby achieving a refinement of the solidification structure inside the thin slab strand.
  • Stirring the metallic melt ensures accelerated and uniform overheating reduction, which advantageously leads to the formation of a core zone with a fine-grained, globulitic structure inside the thin slab strand, while coarse columnar crystalline structures are broken up by stirring.
  • this fine-grained, globulitic core zone forms in the solidification structure, thereby avoiding or at least suppressing the formation of columnar crystals between the edge zone and the center region of the strand.
  • the products made from the thin slabs therefore have significantly reduced longitudinal streaks, microstructures and susceptibility to internal cracking, as well as increased HIC resistance and homogeneity of the mechanical and magnetic properties.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer generates in particular a spatially and/or temporally variable magnetic field in the area of the thin slab strand.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer preferably comprises a linear field stirrer, which is arranged on one of the two broad sides of the thin slab strand.
  • a linear field stirrer it would also be conceivable for a linear field stirrer to be arranged on each of the two opposite broad sides of the thin slab strand.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer comprises a rotating field stirrer or a helicoidal stirrer.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged along the direction of the thin slab strand's withdrawal below the electromagnetic brake. This advantageously achieves rapid and even reduction of overheating in the parts of the thin slab strand that have not yet solidified before solidification progresses into the interior of the thin slab strand, so that the solidification structure is refined.
  • the proportion of the globulitic core zone in the thin slab is greater the closer the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged to the meniscus of the thin slab strand or to the bath level.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is also effective in the lower area of the mold so that early and rapid reduction of overheating in the interior of the strand is achieved, and that the currents in the metallic melt generated by the electromagnetic stirrer do not lead to increased bath level fluctuations or increased local bath level elevations in the mold.
  • the distance between the electromagnetic stirrer and the bath level is between 0.9 and 3.8 meters and preferably between 1.5 and 2.5 meters.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is spaced 20 to 1000 millimeters, preferably 20 to 200 millimeters and particularly preferably 20 to 40 millimeters from a surface of the thin slab strand along the first transverse direction.
  • the device according to the invention is used in particular for producing thin slabs using the continuous casting process and hot strip or cold strip made from them.
  • the hot strip or cold strip is used in particular for producing electrical sheets (non-grain-oriented or grain-oriented) or sheets of high-strength steels with yield strength values greater than 400 megapascals (e.g. tempering steel).
  • a thin slab in the sense of the present invention includes in particular a slab with a thickness of between 40 and 120 millimeters.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer comprises a linear field stirrer for generating an electromagnetic traveling field in the region of the thin slab strand, wherein the direction of travel of the electromagnetic traveling field is aligned parallel to the second transverse direction.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is in particular configured such that a first subfield of the electromagnetic traveling field runs from the center of the thin slab strand to a first edge region of the thin slab strand and a second subfield of the electromagnetic traveling field runs from the center to a second edge region of the thin slab strand opposite the first edge region.
  • This electromagnetic traveling field is maintained for between 1 and 60 seconds, preferably between 1 and 10 seconds.
  • the first subfield runs from the first edge region of the thin slab strand and the second Subfield from the second edge area of the thin slab strand, opposite the first edge area, to the center of the thin slab strand.
  • This field is also held for between 1 and 60 seconds, preferably between 1 and 10 seconds.
  • the cycle starts again from the beginning.
  • This advantageously achieves a uniform and symmetrical flow inside the strand and thus also a uniform removal of the overheating. On the one hand, this should bring about a homogeneous microstructure refinement inside the strand and, on the other hand, a uniform strand shell growth across the strand width. In this way, strand breakouts or longitudinal surface cracks are prevented from occurring.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer is set such that the flow rate of the metallic melt generated by the stirrer is at least 0.2 meters per second or a maximum of 0.7 meters per second and in particular is between 0.2 and 0.7 meters per second.
  • the flow rate of the metallic melt generated by the stirrer is at least 0.2 meters per second or a maximum of 0.7 meters per second and in particular is between 0.2 and 0.7 meters per second.
  • the flow rate should not be less than 0.2 meters per second because otherwise sufficient microstructure refinement cannot be achieved. For example, a globulitic core zone whose extent in the thickness direction is less than 30% can be considered insufficient.
  • the flow velocity should also not be greater than 0.7 meters per second to avoid a depletion of the melt in alloying elements in the area of the solidification front. The depletion of the melt in alloying elements in the area of the solidification front is measurable in the solidified material. This phenomenon is referred to as "white bands" or "white stripes”. White bands lead to inhomogeneous properties of the end product.
  • the electromagnetic brake in the upper half of the mold is spaced 20 to 150 millimeters, preferably 25 to 100 millimeters and particularly preferably substantially 75 millimeters from a surface of the thin slab strand along the first transverse direction.
  • the aforementioned distance is to be understood in particular as the smallest distance between the electromagnetic brake and the strand surface.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a device 1 for producing thin slabs in the continuous casting process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • metallic melt 2 is transferred from a steel ladle 6 into a distributor 3 and poured from the distributor 3 via a pouring pipe 4 (feeding means) into a mold 5 of the device 1.
  • the flow through the pouring pipe is controlled by a stopper 8 or a slide valve depending on the pouring level 7 in the mold 5.
  • the mold 5 comprises a mold with a downwardly open passage opening with a rectangular cross-section.
  • the broad sides 28 of the mold are spaced between 40 and 120 millimeters apart so that the mold 5 is suitable for casting thin slabs.
  • the mold consists of water-cooled copper plates which cause the supplied metallic melt to solidify in the edge area of the mold 5.
  • a thin slab strand 9 is formed from the continuously supplied metallic melt 2 with a solidified shell 10 and a largely unsolidified cross-section 11 within the solidified shell 10.
  • the mold 5 oscillates to prevent the strand surface from sticking to the mold 5.
  • the thin slab strand 9 passes through the Mould 5 along a vertical strand withdrawal direction 15.
  • the thin slab strand 9 is picked up by a transport system 12 (also referred to as strand guide system) with a plurality of strand guide rollers 13 and guided through a so-called casting arch 14.
  • the thin slab strand 9 is cooled until it is completely solidified.
  • first transverse direction 18 and a second transverse direction 30 are Figure 1
  • the first transverse direction 18 runs perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction 15 and parallel to a strand surface normal of the slab broadside 28 (the slab broadside 28 protrudes Figure 1 into the drawing plane), while the second transverse direction 30 runs perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction 15 and parallel to the strand surface on the slab broadside 28, ie perpendicular to the first transverse direction 18.
  • an electromagnetic brake 16 (EMBR: Electromagnetic Brake) is arranged, which slows down the flow rate of the metallic melt 2 inside the already partially solidified thin slab strand 9 and thus reduces bath level fluctuations in the mold 5.
  • the electromagnetic brake 16 comprises two coils arranged on both sides of the thin slab strand 9.
  • the electromagnetic brake 16 generates an electromagnetic field within the mold 5, the magnetic flux density of which is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 Tesla and particularly preferably essentially 0.2 Tesla.
  • the device 1 below the mold 5, the device 1 according to the invention has an electromagnetic stirrer 17 for stirring non-solidified parts of the partially solidified thin slab strand 9.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer 17 comprises a linear field stirrer which extends along one of the two broad sides 28 of the strand.
  • the linear field stirrer generates an electromagnetic traveling field 19 across the width of the thin slab strand 9 (see Figures 2a and 2b ), which runs cyclically back and forth between a first edge region 20 of the thin slab strand 9 and an opposite second edge region 21 of the thin slab strand 9 along a second transverse direction 30 that is perpendicular to the strand withdrawal direction 15 and parallel to the broad side 28 of the strand surface.
  • the electromagnetic traveling field 19 is generated in a region along the strand withdrawal direction 15 between 0.9 and 3.8 m, preferably between 1.5 and 2.5 m, away from the bath level of the mold 5 and comprises on average a magnetic flux density between 0.1 and 0.6 Tesla and preferably essentially 0.4 Tesla.
  • the electromagnetic traveling field leads to stirring of the metallic melt, which causes an accelerated and uniform reduction in overheating in the metallic melt. This advantageously leads to the formation of a larger core zone with a fine-grained, globulitic structure inside the thin slab strand 9, while coarse columnar crystalline structures are restricted by the electromagnetic stirring.
  • this effect is achieved by an electromagnetic stirrer 17 set in such a way that the flow speed of the non-solidified parts in the partially solidified thin slab strand is less than 0.7 meters per second and preferably between 0.2 and 0.7 meters per second.
  • the fine-grained, globulitic core zone then forms in the solidification structure, whereby the formation of columnar crystals between the edge zone and the center region of the thin slab strand 9 is suppressed.
  • the device or method described above is used to produce thin slabs, particularly for hot strip or cold strip.
  • the hot strip or cold strip is used in particular to produce electrical sheets (non-grain-oriented or grain-oriented) or sheets of high-strength steels with yield strength values greater than 400 megapascals (e.g. tempering steel).
  • the upper figure shows that the feed means comprises the pouring pipe 4, which is immersed in the metallic melt 2 in the mold 5, and pouring holes 22 formed on the pouring pipe 4 below the pouring level 7 in the lower part of the pouring pipe 4.
  • the metallic melt 2 is introduced by means of the pouring holes 22 at an angle to the strand withdrawal direction 15 of the thin slab strand 9 (see flow arrows 23).
  • the electromagnetic traveling field 19, induced by the electromagnetic stirrer 17 (not shown), is arranged below the mold 5.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer 17, which is arranged below the mold 5, generates the electromagnetic traveling field 19 below the mold 5, which in turn causes flows that can reach into the mold 5 - under certain circumstances even to the bath level.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer 17 is configured such that the electromagnetic traveling field 19 comprises two subfields, a first subfield 24 and a second subfield 25.
  • the first subfield 24 of the electromagnetic traveling field 19 moves cyclically back and forth between a center 26 of the thin slab strand 9 and the first edge region 20 of the thin slab strand 9, while the second subfield 25 of the electromagnetic traveling field 19 moves cyclically back and forth between the center 26 and the second edge region 21 of the thin slab strand 9.
  • the movement of the electromagnetic traveling field 19 is shown schematically by the movement arrows 27.
  • the division of the electromagnetic traveling field 19 into two bidirectional, symmetrical subfields leads to a uniform and symmetrical flow inside the thin slab strand 9 and thus also to a rapid and uniform dissipation of the overheating. On the one hand, this is intended to bring about a homogeneous microstructure refinement in the interior of the strand and, on the other hand, uniform strand shell growth across the width of the strand. In this way, the electromagnetic stirring prevents the potential risk of strand breakage or longitudinal surface cracks from occurring.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer 17 is also not adjusted according to the invention such that the flow rate of the metallic melt generated by the stirrer at the solidification front is between 0.2 and 0.7 meters per second.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer 17 must be adjusted in such a way that the currents generated by the electromagnetic stirrer 17 in the metallic melt 2 do not lead to increased bath level fluctuations and do not lead to increased local bath level elevations in the mold 5.
  • the magnetic field strengths of the electromagnetic stirrer 17 and the electromagnetic brake 16 should be coordinated with one another.
  • the coordination takes place, for example, by increasing the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic brake 16 by 20 to 80% of its base value to values between 0.1 and 0.3 Tesla when the electromagnetic stirrer 17 is switched on.
  • the base value in this context is understood to be the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic brake 16 as it is typically used without the additional use of an electromagnetic stirrer 17.
  • Typical basic settings for an electromagnetic brake 16 without the use of an electromagnetic stirrer 17 are 0.08 to 0.2 Tesla.
  • the electromagnetic traveling field 19 is not divided into two subfields 24, 25, but runs cyclically back and forth along the second transverse direction 30 between the first edge region 20 of the thin slab strand 9 and the opposite second edge region 21 of the thin slab strand 9.
  • This embodiment is shown by way of example in Figure 2b illustrated.
  • GKZ globulitic core zone
  • a test was therefore carried out with the steel grade S420MC, a casting speed of 5 meters per minute, a superheat in the tundish of 30 Kelvin, a strand thickness of 65 millimeters, a strand width of 1550 millimeters and a mold height of 1100 millimeters, in which the electromagnetic brake (EMBR) was arranged in the upper half of the mold and the electromagnetic stirrer (EMS) was arranged below the mold behind non-magnetic rollers of the transport system.
  • the electromagnetic stirrer or the electromagnetic alternating field of the electromagnetic stirrer was arranged at a distance of 2960 millimeters from the casting level.
  • the test series show that by switching on an electromagnetic stirrer arranged below the mold, the proportion of the globulitic core zone (GKZ) increases from 0 to 10 percent to a proportion of 40 to 60 percent.
  • the proportion of the globulitic core zone should be at least 30 percent and preferably greater than 50 percent. Overheating of less than 20 K should, however, be avoided, as otherwise problems would arise in the form of clogging of the immersion tubes in the mold (so-called "clogging"), which could result in strand surface defects or even strand breakages.
  • the distance between the bath level of the mold and the electromagnetic stirrer is therefore between 0.9 and 3.8 m and preferably between 1.5 and 2.5 m.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de coulée continue de brames minces, présentant les étapes de procédé suivantes:
    - amener un métal en fusion (2) dans une lingotière (5),
    - former une barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) à partir du métal en fusion (2) dans la lingotière (5),
    - réduire la vitesse d'écoulement du métal en fusion (2) dans la barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) au moyen d'un frein électromagnétique (16) disposé dans la région de la lingotière (5), et
    - évacuer la barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) hors de la lingotière (5) au moyen d'un système de guidage de la barre (12),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - on agite des parties non solidifiées de la barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) au moyen d'un agitateur électromagnétique (17) disposé le long de la direction d'extraction de barre (15) de la barre de brames minces (9) en aval en dessous de la lingotière (5),
    - dans lequel on produit au moyen de l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) un champ électromagnétique mobile (19) dans une région de la barre de brames minces (9) à une distance dans la direction d'extraction de barre (15) comprise entre 0,9 et 3,8 m du niveau du bain de fusion de la lingotière (5).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel on produit le champ électromagnétique mobile (19) dans une région de la barre de brames minces (9) à une distance dans la direction d'extraction de barre (15) comprise entre 1,5 et 2,5 m du niveau du bain de fusion de la lingotière (5).
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on produit au moyen du frein électromagnétique (16) un champ électromagnétique à l'intérieur de la lingotière (5), dans lequel le frein électromagnétique (16) est disposé dans la moitié supérieure de la lingotière, de préférence à une distance comprise entre 20 et 150 millimètres d'une surface de la barre de brames minces le long d'une première direction transversale (18), qui s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction d'extraction de barre (15) et parallèlement à une normale à la surface de la barre sur une face large (28) de la barre de brames minces (9).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on règle l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) de telle manière que le champ électromagnétique mobile (19) se déplace le long d'une deuxième direction transversale (30), qui s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction d'extraction de barre (15) et perpendiculairement à la première direction transversale (18), d'une première région de bord (20) de la barre de brames minces (9) à une deuxième région de bord (21) de la barre de brames minces (9) opposée à la première région de bord (20).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel on produit au moyen de l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) un champ électromagnétique mobile bidirectionnel symétrique (19) sur la largeur de la barre de brames minces (9), dans lequel on règle l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) de telle manière qu'un premier sous-champ (24) du champ électromagnétique mobile (19) se déplace d'un centre (26) de la barre de brames minces (9) à une première région de bord (20) de la barre de brames minces (9) et qu'un second sous-champ (25) du champ électromagnétique mobile (19) se déplace du centre (26) de la barre de brames minces (9) à une deuxième région de bord (21) de la barre de brames minces (9) opposée à la première région de bord (20).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel on produit au moyen de l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) un champ électromagnétique mobile bidirectionnel symétrique (19) sur la largeur de la barre de brames minces (9), dans lequel on règle l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) de telle manière qu'un premier sous-champ (24) du champ électromagnétique mobile (19) se déplace d'une première région de bord (20) de la barre de brames minces (9) à un centre (26) de la barre de brames minces (9) et qu'un second sous-champ (25) du champ électromagnétique mobile (19) se déplace d'une deuxième région de bord (21) de la barre de brames minces (9) opposée à la première région de bord (20) au centre (26) de la barre de brames minces (9).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on produit au moyen de l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) un champ électromagnétique mobile dans la région de la barre de brames minces (9), dont la densité de flux magnétique vaut en moyenne de préférence 0,1 à 0,6 Tesla, de préférence encore 0,3 à 0,5 Tesla, et de préférence encore 0,4 Tesla.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on règle l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) de telle manière que la fréquence d'agitation vaille au moins 0,1 Hz ou au maximum 10 Hertz et se situe de préférence entre 0,1 et 10 Hz.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on produit au moyen du frein électromagnétique (16) à l'intérieur de la lingotière (5) un champ électromagnétique, dont la densité de flux magnétique vaut de préférence 0,1 à 0,3 Tesla, de préférence encore 0,15 à 0,25 Tesla et de préférence encore 0,2 Tesla.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on utilise le procédé de production de brames minces pour la fabrication de bande à chaud ou de bande à froid, en particulier pour la fabrication de tôles électriques ou de tôles en acier à très haute résistance, de préférence avec des valeurs de limite d'élasticité supérieures à 400 mégapascals.
  11. Dispositif (1) de coulée continue de brames minces, en particulier au moyen du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, présentant
    - un moyen d'alimentation pour amener un métal en fusion (2),
    - une lingotière (5) pour former une barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) à partir du métal en fusion amené (2),
    - un frein électromagnétique (16) disposé dans la région de la lingotière (5) pour réduire la vitesse d'écoulement du métal en fusion (2) à l'intérieur de la barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) et
    - un système de guidage de barre (12) pour évacuer la barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9) hors de la lingotière (2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le dispositif (1) présente un agitateur électromagnétique (17) disposé le long de la direction d'extraction de barre (15) de la barre de brames minces (9) en aval en dessous de la lingotière (5) pour agiter des parties non solidifiées de la barre de brames minces partiellement solidifiée (9), qui est situé à une distance le long de la direction d'extraction de barre (15) comprise entre 0,9 et 3,8 m du niveau du bain de fusion de la lingotière (5).
  12. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 11, dans lequel l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) est situé à une distance comprise entre 1,5 et 2,5 m du niveau du bain de fusion de la lingotière (5) le long de la direction d'extraction de barre (15).
  13. Dispositif (1) selon une revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) comprend un agitateur à champ linéaire pour la production d'un champ électromagnétique mobile (19) dans la région de la barre de brames minces (9), dans lequel la direction de déplacement du champ électromagnétique mobile (19) est orientée perpendiculairement à la direction d'extraction de barre (15) et parallèlement à une deuxième direction transversale (30), qui s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction d'extraction de barre (15) et parallèlement à une surface de la barre sur une face large (28) de la barre de brames minces (9), et dans lequel la direction de déplacement du champ électromagnétique mobile (19) peut être inversée.
  14. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, dans lequel l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) est espacé de 20 à 1000 millimètres, de préférence de 20 à 200 millimètres et de préférence encore de 20 à 40 millimètres d'une surface de la barre de brames minces (9) le long d'une première direction transversale (18), qui s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction d'extraction de barre (15) et perpendiculairement à la deuxième direction transversale (30).
  15. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel l'agitateur électromagnétique (17) est configuré de telle manière en ce que la fréquence d'agitation se situe entre 0,1 et 10 Hz.
  16. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel le frein électromagnétique (16) est disposé dans la moitié supérieure de la lingotière, de préférence à une distance comprise entre 20 et 150 millimètres d'une surface de la barre de brames minces le long de la première direction transversale (18).
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SK7957Y1 (sk) * 2016-04-29 2017-12-04 Pokusova Marcela Spôsob riadenia procesu tuhnutia kontinuálne liatych kovov a zliatin a zariadenie na uskutočňovanie tohto spôsobu
JP6879320B2 (ja) * 2018-05-31 2021-06-02 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法
JP7151247B2 (ja) * 2018-07-27 2022-10-12 日本製鉄株式会社 薄スラブ連続鋳造の流動制御装置及び薄スラブの連続鋳造方法
CN114932206B (zh) * 2022-06-08 2023-05-16 沈阳工程学院 控制结晶器内金属液流动的独立可控复合磁场装置及方法
CN115194107B (zh) * 2022-07-13 2023-05-16 沈阳工程学院 控制金属液流动的多段位独立可调复合磁场装置及方法
CN115722639A (zh) * 2022-12-06 2023-03-03 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 一种用于薄板坯带电磁搅拌装置的扇形段
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ES2756700T5 (en) 2025-05-19
KR20160146914A (ko) 2016-12-21
CN106536087B (zh) 2020-07-24
EP3134220B1 (fr) 2019-09-04
WO2015162039A1 (fr) 2015-10-29
DE102014105870B4 (de) 2024-10-10
DE102014105870A1 (de) 2015-10-29
US10486228B2 (en) 2019-11-26
EP3134220A1 (fr) 2017-03-01
ES2756700T3 (es) 2020-04-27
US20170036267A1 (en) 2017-02-09

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