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EP3112030B1 - Self-regenerative electrostatic precipiator - Google Patents

Self-regenerative electrostatic precipiator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3112030B1
EP3112030B1 EP16382292.7A EP16382292A EP3112030B1 EP 3112030 B1 EP3112030 B1 EP 3112030B1 EP 16382292 A EP16382292 A EP 16382292A EP 3112030 B1 EP3112030 B1 EP 3112030B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conduit
electrostatic precipitator
self
cleaning
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16382292.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3112030A1 (en
Inventor
Jose Luis Míguez Tabarés
Jacobo Porteiro Fresco
David Patiño Vilas
Enrique GRANADA ÁLVAREZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidade de Vigo
Original Assignee
Universidade de Vigo
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidade de Vigo filed Critical Universidade de Vigo
Publication of EP3112030A1 publication Critical patent/EP3112030A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3112030B1 publication Critical patent/EP3112030B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/12—Cleaning the device by burning the trapped particles

Definitions

  • the present invention is comprised in the field of systems or apparatus for reducing contaminating emissions in combustion systems, and more specifically for reducing emissions of particles in suspension in a gas stream generated, for example, by a biomass boiler or a diesel engine.
  • the invention is particularly comprised in the field of electrostatic precipitators.
  • Any combustion system is susceptible to generating contaminating emissions. These emissions are gas emissions, but they can also contain solid or liquid particles in suspension as a result of an imperfect combustion or ash present in the fuel exiting the system with the gas stream. Solid (biomass and carbon) combustion systems as well as reciprocating internal combustion (particularly diesel) engines are particularly unique as regards emissions of this type. The reason for their risks resides in the large number of particles given off and their reduced size (smaller than 1 ⁇ m) which do not readily settle in the atmosphere and are impossible for the human respiratory system to filter out.
  • settling chambers or cyclones that separate the particles by centrifugal force
  • filtering systems that retain aerosols by means of a porous (for example fiber) bed
  • electrostatic precipitators that electrically charge the particles to then remove them from the gas stream as a result of the strong electric field generated between two electrodes, can be used.
  • Each of the mentioned systems has features making them more or less advantageous depending on the type of combustion system.
  • one of the biggest problems for the application thereof is the removal of particles deposited throughout the service life of the filter.
  • a filtering system is used in diesel engines that accumulates unburned particles (of an organic origin) over time, and every so often they use a regeneration cycle. In other words, they send very hot gases to the filter, and as a result of the high temperature reached they burn the deposited particles again, recovering the filtration element's efficiency.
  • the present invention proposes a particle filtering system using electrostatic precipitation which solves the aforementioned problems in the prior art.
  • JP2002047914 discloses an exhaust emission control device for reducing the discharged amount of exhaust gas of a diesel automobile engine, comprising an electromagnetic coil in the bottom part of a closed collection pipe with adsorption materials, where this electromagnetic coil heats a ceramic plate and has an electrically-driven fan for cooling.
  • this electromagnetic coil heats a ceramic plate and has an electrically-driven fan for cooling.
  • it can not be disposed vertically in the outer part of an open cylinder and differs from the particle filtering system of the present patent application.
  • the present invention relates to a particle filtering system using electrostatic precipitation which is self-cleaning by means of heating the walls by electromagnetic induction.
  • This self-cleaning method allows the continuous operation of the device and the removal of most of the trapped mass, thereby reducing emissions of solid particles in suspension in a gas stream in a continuous manner.
  • the present invention proposes a system for filtering solid particles resulting from combustion by means of a self-regenerative electrostatic precipitator.
  • a cylindrical precipitator with a high-voltage electrode in the center of the chimney or gas conduit generates a strong electric field which results in the creation of a corona discharge region.
  • the particles in suspension in the gas stream, most of which are of a carbon origin (unburned) are ionized and deflected towards the deposition electrode by the same electric field that charged them or by another different one (a one- or two-stage precipitator).
  • the deposition electrode of the present invention will be the outer cylindrical body of the conduit (or conduits) in which deposition takes place.
  • induction coils outside the tube will be electrically activated. These coils wound around the conduit will receive high-frequency alternating current, generating electromagnetic induction in the wall of the conduit and thereby heating it with the currents induced in same. This will lead to a rise in the temperature of the wall until it is high enough to start burning the particles that are deposited on the inner face of the conduit. If the deposition surface is larger than the surface covered by the induction coils, two alternatives are provided: relative movement of the coils with respect to the conduit, or the existence of various coils which are sequentially activated to heat the entire surface.
  • the invention relates to a self-regenerative electrostatic precipitator, of the type comprising a discharge electrode located inside a gas conduit for generating a corona discharge and for depositing solid particles in suspension in a gas stream circulating through the conduit in a deposition layer on the inner wall of the conduit.
  • the self-regenerative electrostatic precipitator comprises at least one cleaning assembly arranged outside the conduit, each cleaning assembly having at least one induction coil wound around the conduit for heating the wall of the conduit by electromagnetic induction.
  • the electrostatic precipitator comprises means for moving the at least one cleaning assembly along a section of the conduit.
  • the at least one induction coil of each cleaning assembly is surrounded by at least one layer of insulating material.
  • the electrostatic precipitator comprises at least one securing element for fixing the discharge electrode inside the conduit.
  • the electrostatic precipitator comprises several cleaning assemblies the induction coils of which are activated together or sequentially.
  • the electrostatic precipitator can further comprise high-frequency alternating current generating means in the at least one induction coil.
  • the particle retaining equipment used in the present invention is a cylindrical electrostatic precipitator.
  • Figure 1 depicts a cross-section view of the electrostatic precipitator 10 formed by a discharge electrode 1, securing elements 2 for securing the discharge electrode and a gas conduit 3 through the inside of which the combustion gases circulate and in which the collected particles accumulate in a deposition layer 4 having an increasing thickness.
  • the regeneration system is formed by assemblies of induction coils 6, lead cable, and layers of insulating material 5.
  • the discharge electrode 1 generates the corona discharge for charging the solid particles in the combustion gases with particles 11 (the fume stream).
  • the electric field generated between the discharge electrode 1 and the wall of the conduit 3 deflects the particles in suspension and causes them to be trapped, clean, particle-free gases 12 exiting the filtering system.
  • the central discharge electrode 1 can be secured in various manners (separating arms, floating electrode, etc.), without this affecting the nature of the present invention. In the example shown in Figure 1 , it is done by means of securing arms 2 built using an electrically insulating material.
  • the present invention incorporates a regeneration or self-cleaning system. It is formed by a series of induction coils 6 wound around the conduit 3. To protect them against the high temperature and to prevent unwanted electrical contacts they are internally and externally insulated with layers of insulating material 5.
  • the induction coils 6 are subjected to a high-frequency alternating current, causing the induction electric currents in the body of the deposition electrode 3.
  • the temperature of the conduit will increase up to values exceeding the ignition temperature of the particles deposited in the deposition layer 4.
  • the cleaning process is therefore based on burning the deposited particles again using the high temperature generated by means of electromagnetic induction on the deposition electrode.
  • the cleaning and regeneration system can be formed by several cleaning assemblies 7, as shown in Figure 1 , where four independent cleaning assemblies 7 can be seen, each being formed by a wound induction coil 6 and two layers of insulating material 5.
  • Figure 2 shows a view of detail A of Figure 1 , in which a cleaning and regeneration assembly can be seen.
  • the regeneration system is therefore formed by different assemblies of induction coils 6 and layers of insulating material 5. As many cleaning assemblies as required for burning the particles deposited on the entire wall of the conduit 3 can be used. Furthermore, the different cleaning assemblies do not have to be activated at the same time, but rather they can be activated in an alternating manner, depending on cleaning needs.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
EP16382292.7A 2015-06-30 2016-06-23 Self-regenerative electrostatic precipiator Active EP3112030B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201531292U ES1147908Y (es) 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 Precipitador electrostático autoregenerable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3112030A1 EP3112030A1 (en) 2017-01-04
EP3112030B1 true EP3112030B1 (en) 2021-05-05

Family

ID=54838468

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16382292.7A Active EP3112030B1 (en) 2015-06-30 2016-06-23 Self-regenerative electrostatic precipiator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3112030B1 (da)
DK (1) DK3112030T3 (da)
ES (2) ES1147908Y (da)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109940000B (zh) * 2019-04-24 2023-11-28 伟通工业设备（江苏）有限公司 Uv固化防雾涂装线用可间隔蓄压冲刷的静电除尘装置
EP3848563A1 (en) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-14 terraplasma emission control GmbH Exhaust processing system, use thereof and vehicle comprising the same
CN112588442B (zh) * 2020-11-28 2022-11-15 西安西热控制技术有限公司 一种火电厂静电除尘装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202007004263U1 (de) * 2007-02-16 2007-07-05 Otto Spanner Gmbh Elektrofilter

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11237071A (ja) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-31 Funai Electric Co Ltd 電気集塵器付空気調和機
JP3443733B2 (ja) * 2000-08-04 2003-09-08 敬 山口 ディーゼル自動車エンジンの排気ガス浄化装置
JP2004132338A (ja) * 2002-10-15 2004-04-30 Tama Tlo Kk 排気浄化装置
JP3899404B2 (ja) * 2002-12-26 2007-03-28 国立大学法人東京海洋大学 排ガス中の微粒子除去装置
DE10345925A1 (de) * 2003-10-02 2005-05-04 Opel Adam Ag Partikelfilter für einen Verbrennungsgasstrom mit induktivem Regenerationsverfahren
WO2005097332A1 (de) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-20 Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa Verfahren zur steuerung einer vorrichtung für die elektrostatische partikelabscheidung in gasströmen, sowie steuerungseinheit hierzu
US8292987B2 (en) * 2007-09-18 2012-10-23 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Inductively heated particulate matter filter regeneration control system
EP2583755B1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2015-04-22 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Apparatus, device and method for filtering fine particulate matter from exhaust gas

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202007004263U1 (de) * 2007-02-16 2007-07-05 Otto Spanner Gmbh Elektrofilter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3112030A1 (en) 2017-01-04
ES2881697T3 (es) 2021-11-30
ES1147908Y (es) 2016-03-10
DK3112030T3 (da) 2021-08-09
ES1147908U (es) 2015-12-18

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