Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F24C15/00—Details
  • F24C15/34—Elements and arrangements for heat storage or insulation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
  • F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
  • F23B50/12—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel being fed to the combustion zone by free fall or by sliding along inclined surfaces, e.g. from a conveyor terminating above the fuel bed
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
  • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
  • F24B1/024—Closed stoves for pulverulent fuels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
  • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a storage heating stove.
• the storage heating or slow heat release stoves of the known type for heating rooms conventionally use wood as their fuel, and usually comprise a combustion chamber called furnace, inside which the aforementioned fuel is burnt, and ducts that collect the combustion products and that pass through a suitable mass of cement material, or material of other nature, that is suitably selected so as to accumulate a large amount of heat energy.
• the aforementioned storage masses are normally cladded with majolica panels, or panels of other material having similar properties: the panels receive heat from the storage masses and they keep a surface temperature such as to heat the surrounding environment in the desired manner, for quite a long time in the order of a few hours. It has been observed, during use, that storage heating stoves of the known type, despite being able to optimally heat the room for a few hours with low energy consumption, have the drawback of requiring a manual feed of the fuel, i.e., by inserting wood in the combustion chamber.
• this factor can often determine choosing heat generators of a different kind that are suitable for ensuring greater autonomy in terms of feeding of the fuel.
• feeding the wood requires, in any case, at least a minimal knowledge of how the stove behaves and of the correct way of inserting the fuel inside the combustion chamber. Even this factor can lead the more amateur users to choose something else. In practice, it has moreover been observed that conventional wood is fed quite approximately and therefore it is not easily controllable in terms of the amounts to be introduced inside the stove.
• heating devices for example with heat exchangers in which liquid is made to flow, such a liquid being heated and sent outside the respective device.
• heat exchangers in which liquid is made to flow, such a liquid being heated and sent outside the respective device.
• such devices do not have heat storage material in the sense indicated above and are therefore different from storage heating stoves and therefore do not pertain to the object of the present application.
• the technical task of the present invention is to improve the state of the art.
• one object of the present invention is to provide a storage heating stove or slow heat release stove that makes it possible to increase the operation autonomy in particular concerning feeding the fuel and the long release of heat energy even after turning off the apparatus.
• Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a storage heating stove in which the consumption of fuel can be controlled in a more precise and accurate manner with respect to what is possible in stoves of the known type.
• the storage heating stove comprises a base, a furnace provided with a relative brazier foreseen inside the base, and at least one conveying duct for conveying the combustion fumes generated inside the furnace associated with respective suction means.
• the conveying duct is at least partially surrounded, along at least one portion of its length, by heat storage material that is suitable for storing heat conveyed by the combustion fumes and for progressively releasing it into the room to be heated.
• the stove further comprises at least one tank for solid fuel, of the pellet type, which is provided with automatic feeding means for automatically feeding the fuel and communicating with an opening provided in the furnace.
• the automatic feeding of pellet fuel makes it possible to obtain greater autonomy of operation of the stove with less intervention by the user; moreover, the amount of fuel consumed can be controlled more precisely.
• figure 1 is a front view of the stove according to the invention.
• figure 2 is a top view of the stove
• figure 3 is a side view of the stove
• figure 4 is an exploded axonometric view of the stove
• figure 5 is a cross section view of the stove taken along the plane V-V of figure
• figure 6 is a cross section view of the stove taken along the plane VI- VI of figure 1 ;
• figure 7 is a cross section view of the stove taken along the plane VII-VII of figure 1.
• reference numeral 1 wholly indicates a storage heating or slow heat release stove according to the present invention.
• slow heat release stoves we mean apparatuses with heat storage material having heat storage capacity for storing heat in its mass, so that it provides heat for many hours after the fire or the furnace has been switched off.
• the storage heating or slow heat release stove 1 according to the present invention is intended to be installed in civil environments of any type, without any limitation to the purposes of the present invention.
• the stove 1 comprises a base 2.
• the base 2 can have any shape and size.
• the base 2 is made, for example, of metal material such as steel or the like, but it could also be made of another material with properties that are suitable for the application.
• the stove 1 further comprises a furnace 3.
• the furnace 3 is provided inside the base 2.
• the furnace 3 comprises a brazier 4, which is positioned in its lower area.
• the solid fuel is positioned on the brazier 4.
• the brazier 4 can be ignited with known means and methods that are not specifically subject-matter of the present invention.
• the furnace 3 can be enclosed inside a metal box-shaped structure, or inside a structure of another kind.
• the comburent air is introduced inside the furnace 3 through natural convection or through suction means.
• the stove 1 further comprises at least one conveying duct 5 for conveying the combustion fumes generated inside the furnace 4.
• the conveying duct 5 is associated with suction means 6, which make it possible to extract the fumes from the stove 1.
• the at least one conveying duct 5 is at least partially surrounded, along at least one portion of its length, by heat storage material, which is wholly indicated with reference numeral 7.
• the heat storage material 7 is suitable for storing heat conveyed by the combustion fumes through the conveying duct 5, and for progressively releasing it into the surrounding environment to be heated.
• the release of heat stored by the heat storage material 7 to the external environment occurs through panels 8 made of suitable material, for example majolica or the like, which cover the heat storage material 7 and/or other parts of the stove 1, or through a finishing covering that is directly applied to the heat storage material 7.
• the panels 8 or the finishing covering have an inner face that is in contact with the heat storage material 7 and a face outside the stove, so that the release of heat that is stored by the heat storage material 7 to the outside occurs by means and through the panels 8 or the finishing covering.
• the furnace 4 is provided with a front inspection hatch 9, which can or not be provided with glass 10.
• the stove 1 comprises at least one tank
• the tank 1 1 is visible in particular in figures 6 and 7.
• this fuel mainly thanks to the geometrical and dimensional characteristics of the particles that form it, can be stored even in quite high amounts. Moreover, it can be introduced inside the furnace in amounts that can be determined with greater precision.
• the tank 11 for the pellets is associated, on one side, with the furnace 3 of the stove 1. According to another aspect of the present invention, the tank 1 1 is provided with automatic feeding means 12 for automatically feeding the fuel.
• the automatic feeding means 12 communicate with an opening 13 that is foreseen in the furnace 3.
• the tank 1 1 is provided with a respective upper loading door 14 for feeding the fuel and/or for inspection.
• the tank 1 1 is associated with the rear wall 15 of the furnace 3.
• the tank 1 1 can be housed inside a respective rear metal casing 16 of the stove 1 , or in another similar housing element.
• the stove 1 comprises at least two discharge ducts 5 for example two ducts that are symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the stove 1.
• the two conveying ducts 5 substantially extend vertically and parallel with respect to the furnace 3 and have a first ascending section rising from the furnace 3 and a second descending section, so as to create a path for the combustion fumes F first ascending and then descending.
• each of the two conveying ducts 5 extends along a respective side of the stove, and the heat storage material surrounds the second section of the two conveying ducts 5.
• the conveying ducts 5 can have a different shape, and path shape that is not symmetrical with respect to the axis of the stove 1 , and could also extend in horizontal sections with variable length.
• the conveying ducts 5 are joined, at the base of the stove 1, with a lower chamber 17, in which the fumes that are transported from the ducts 5 themselves are collected.
• the lower chamber 17 communicates with the suction means 6 of the fumes, which are for example of the centrifuge type and that communicate with a relative ejection duct 18.
• the stove 1 comprises a fumes expansion chamber 19.
• the fumes expansion chamber 19 is foreseen above the furnace 3, as illustrated for example in figures 5 and 6.
• the fumes further expand and slow down before entering the conveying ducts 5 and starting the actual heat exchange phase.
• the expansion chamber 19 comprises at least one box-shaped body 20 that is made of metal material and is positioned above the furnace.
• the expansion chamber 19 is obtained directly in the heat storage material 7, so as to limit heat losses.
• the shape and sizes of the expansion chamber 19 can be of course any, without any limitation.
• the furnace 3 communicates with the expansion chamber 19 through upper openings 21.
• the expansion chamber 19 there can be a plurality of deflectors, or separators, which are suitable for slowing down the fumes and for increasing heat-exchange, by lowering their outlet temperature.
• the deflectors foreseen inside the expansion chamber 19 could be made of metal material or of another material that is suitable for storing heat, for example refractory material.
• the two conveying ducts 5 of the fumes are connected to the upper portion of the expansion chamber 19, as illustrated for example in figure 5.
• each of the conveying ducts 5 comprises at least one respective tubular portion, made of metal material, which is placed in contact with the heat storage material 7.
• the heat storage material 7 can comprise at least one block 24 of solid material.
• the heat storage material 7 comprises solid material and not a heat exchanger with water or a liquid as vector fluid.
• the heat storage material 7 is made up of at least one plurality of blocks 24 that are stacked in contact on top of one another, for example at the sides of the stove 1.
• Each of the blocks 24 comprises a respective recess 25 for housing part of the respective conveying duct 5, the recess 25 of a block of a plurality of blocks 24 being aligned with the recesses 25 of the other blocks 24 of the respective plurality of blocks 24.
• the recess 25 has, for example, a semi-circular section.
• each conveying duct 5 for conveying the combustion fumes is directly formed in the heat storage material 7.
• the blocks 24 can have respective circular through holes- or holes with another shape- which, on top of one another, define the aforementioned discharge ducts.
• the automatic feeding means 12 for automatically feeding fuel of the pellet type comprise, more in detail, at least one Archimedean screw 26.
• the Archimedean screw 26 is rotatably supported at the lower portion 27 of the tank 1 1. More in detail, the Archimedean screw 26 is mounted for rotation inside a tubular body 28 communicating with the lower portion 27 of the tank 11 at its side surface.
• the axis of the Archimedean screw 27 is associated, for example with an electric motor or with a geared motor group, not represented in the figures, which is operatively connected to the control board for operating the stove 1.
• the tubular body 28, inside which the Archimedean screw 26 is supported, comprises a side hole 29 for communicating with the opening 13 of the furnace 3.
• the opening 13 of the furnace 3 is foreseen at its rear wall.
• the opening 13 could be foreseen in other areas of the furnace 3, in relation to specific application requirements.
• the Archimedean screw 26 is mounted for rotation according to a rotation axis inclined with respect to the vertical, by a first predetermined angle a, as illustrated in figure 6.
• a first predetermined angle a is mainly selected in relation to the physical characteristics of the pellets, so as to optimise its transportation towards the furnace 3.
• the side hole 29 of the tubular body 28 communicates with the opening 13 of the furnace 3 through a feeding duct 30.
• the feeding duct 30 is inclined, with respect to the vertical by a second predetermined angle ⁇ , as illustrated in the same figure 6.
• the second predetermined angle ⁇ is selected so as to supply the furnace 3 with the desired amount of fuel per unit time, and/or based upon other considerations mainly related to the characteristics for feeding the fuel.
• the stove 1 comprises at least one selectively opening and closing valve 31, which is interposed between the automatic feeding means 12 for feeding the fuel and the opening 13 of the furnace 3.
• the valve 31 is associated with manual or automatic actuation means.
• the valve 31 can be for example of the gate valve type, or of the type that can rotate around an axis, or of yet another kind.
• the means for actuating the valve 31, in the case in which they are of the automatic type, can be made up, for example, by an electric motor, by a linear electric actuator, by an electromagnetic actuator, or by another kind, without any limitation.
• valve 31 is positioned along the fuel feeding duct 30.
• valve 31 could be foreseen in another position interposed between the automatic feeding means 12 and the opening 13.
• valve 31 is suitable for preventing the hot fumes from accidentally rising back up from the brazier along the feeding duct 30 of the pellets.
• valve 31 In addition to carrying out this function, in the stove according to the present invention the aforementioned valve 31 also makes it possible to obtain another important technical effect.
• the stove 1 when the heat energy that is accumulated in the heat storage material 7 is sufficient for ensuring a suitable release of heat to the covering panels 8, the stove 1 automatically switches off.
• the early stopping of the suction means 6 makes it possible to keep the stove 1 at the desired temperature for a longer period of time, since the release of heat by the heat storage material 7 occurs over a longer period of time.
• this step it is ensured for there to be a heating of the environment without consumption of fuel or electric energy, optionally except for the minimum energy required in order to supply the control board in the stand-by mode.
• heat storage material 7 used in the stove 1 according to the present invention can be for example cement or material of any other kind having similar heat properties.
• the stove 1 comprises at least one temperature sensor that is suitable for detecting the temperature of the heat storage material 7.
• the stove 1 can also comprise a sensor that is suitable for detecting the outside temperature.
• the stove 1 can comprise a sensor that is suitable for detecting a combination of the temperature of the heat storage material 7 and the outside temperature.
• the temperature sensor or sensors foreseen in the stove 1 are operatively connected to the control board for controlling its operation.
• the operation of the stove 1 according to the invention is, in the light of what has been described, completely intuitive.
• the feeding of the fuel of the pellet type into the furnace 1 is carried out in a completely automatic manner without requiring any intervention by the user, apart from when the fuel inside the tank 11 has run out.
• the fuel is fed, in the correct amount over time, by simply adjusting the rotation speed of the Archimedean screw 26.
• valve 11 makes it possible to obtain a considerable saving of energy in terms of supplying electricity to the suction means 6, and even in terms of stove 1 autonomy from a surface temperature point of view.
• the stove 1 keeps its surface temperature optimal for a period of time that is considerably longer with respect to what occurs in storage heating stoves of the known type.
• the stove according to the invention can operate with greater autonomy, with respect to conventional wood stoves, with less user intervention.
• the amount of fuel consumed can be controlled with greater precision: this makes it possible to obtain a considerable saving of material.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-02-17 PT PT157118464T patent/PT3108181T/pt unknown
  • 2015-02-17 EP EP15711846.4A patent/EP3108181B1/de active Active
  • 2015-02-17 WO PCT/IB2015/051161 patent/WO2015121848A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2015-02-17 ES ES15711846T patent/ES2804708T3/es active Active
  • 2015-02-17 DK DK15711846.4T patent/DK3108181T3/da active

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