Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
  • C10L5/36—Shape
  • C10L5/361—Briquettes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
  • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
  • C10L5/12—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with inorganic binders

Definitions

• the present invention is the briquetting method.
• Coal briquetting processes are known for over a century. In the initial stage of briquetting fine coal was formed into briquettes using different types of bonds, mostly tar, pitch or asphalt. After plenty of tests and having found the relationship between human health and the distillates of coal gas contained in the bonds, briquetting of coal lost its popularity.
• the present invention is a method and device for the production of fuel briquettes from fine coal.
• the essence of the method is that the coal charge with grains of no more than 20 mm in an amount of from 50 to 90% of weight is added to from 5 to 15 % of weight of cement, from 2 to 5% of weight of substances reducing emissions of harmful volatile matters, and from 5 to 15% of weight of wooden sawdust.
• These components are mixed with each other and with a small amount of liquid, and then they are compressed bilaterally at ambient temperature, and finally they are subjected to seasoning at a temperature of 320-370 K for a period of from 2 to 8 hours.
• the essence of the device is using several charging containers and work containers that are the extension of charging containers which are parallelly mounted on a support frame, inside containers there are movable, specially shaped elements, connected by means of connectors and horizontal beams with the double-acting actutators.
• Component A is a composition consisting of 1 weight part of acidic POSULFITOWY liquors containing in its composition of 55% of magnesium-sodium LIGNINOSULFONIAN to which 0.178 weight parts of urea is added and it is acidified with sulfuric acid to pH 3.0
• Fro the Polish patent No. 400894 is well-known a method for producing fuel briquettes and device for the production of fuel briquettes.
• the present invention is fuel briquettes, based on the use of a mineral glue, obtained on the basis of cement, which is in an amount of from 1 to 40% of weight which is mixed with the feedstock in an amount of from 99 to 60% of weight, consisting of fine coal, waste material, additives purifying toxic smoke from exhaust gases and increasing the caloric content. After mixing the components, briquettes with certain shapes are extruded.
• the device for the production of fuel briquettes is composed of a vibrating table, next to which a solid rack is mounted, provided at the top of the with rotation axis, on which two arms are placed, one arm is connected with the mould, and the second arm is connected with squeezer with the frame structure.
• a method for producing fuel pellets from sawdust with increased calorific value is based on mixing sawdust, wood shavings with additives in the form of: overdue porridge, chaff, broken grains, spent oil, etc. which are subjected to grinding of larger fractions, drying, dosing additives, averaging, forming and cooling.
• the sawdust with a moisture content of 50-70% and the crushed wood chips is subjected to drying and then mixing the additives increasing calorific value and stabilizing the quality of the final product, preferably in proportions of 1/85, and it is subjected to a pre-drying to the moment of reaching the moisture of mixture at a level 14-16%, preferably at a temperature of about 400 ° C for about 1 hour.
• WO 2008/100147 A1 is well-known a method for producing fuel based on peat briquettes, the method is based on: using wet peat bog deposits as a natural raw material, this type of peat foundation with a moisture content in the range of 80-95% of weight, influences on the formation of peat to form a spherical or substantially spherical form and drying spherical units, to obtain a product with a maximum moisture content of 12% of weight.
• a characteristic feature of this method is that it also comprises: mixing the wet peat with the at least one biological fiber material absorbing moisture having a moisture content less than the moisture content of the wet peat.
• the devices includes a milling tool which is designed to remove peat from the upper surface of the substrate, tearing the middle of it, wherein the peat is received by the milling tool, and is finely divided by cutting elements which affect on the sediments of cutting stress in the peat to lead to its viscous state, and also artificial state in pressure chambers in which the viscous plastic material in the form of peat is compressed, and in an starting state, by which the peat is created to the form of briquettes.
• WO 2014/071448 A1 is well-known a method for briquetting of crushed coal material.
• the method comprises reducing the moisture content of the material in the form of carbon particles from at least a specified maximum total level of moisture and making one or more intermediate briquetting processes including making crushed carbonaceous material in the intermediate briquetting device to the intermediate device for the manufacture of briquettes and forming between them material from agglomerate of particles of carbonaceous material and crushing the intermediate material.
• the method is also based on the final processing of the briquette including leading the crushed coal material by intermediate crushing of material gathered in the final device for briquetting and operating the final briquette device and leading to crushed coal material under certain pressure in order to press coal material in the form of particles of formed briquette of final product.
• the purpose of the invention is to develop a new method of briquetting using the crushing process.
• the process according to the invention characteristic in that, it is used preferably brown coal, which is crushed in the first step preferably to a fraction of less than 6 mm, in a second stage calcium compounds are added to 10% of weight of the total mixture, and the mixture preferably is mixed in a container and then it is evenly transmitted to the press, where it is the compressed under high pressing pressure to 200 MPa, preferably 150 MPa, and the briquettes are subjected to seasoning, preferably a few days of and / or briquettes are dried on a moving belt classifier and / or briquettes are heated to a temperature of 200 ° C and / or briquettes are warmed by infrared lamps preferably during 5 minutes.
• the advantage of the invention is that the grain coal is used for briquetting.
• Briquetting is based on concentration by pressing under high pressure of portion of the grain material resulting in displacement of the fluid from the intergranular space, and thus approach of grains to each other.
• Briquetting pressure depends on the composition of the feed grain, which is a mixture of brown coal, flotoconcentrate and calcium to reduce SO 2 energy. By granulating of feed of 0-6 mm and total moisture of approx. 15%, pressing pressure should be around 150 MPa.
• Briquettes produced by the method according to the invention are used for combustion in the grate boilers and furnaces of small and medium power.
• the feed which is a brown coal is directed to the screen equipped with a sieve with the openings of 40 mm.
• the top product of screen is directed to impact crusher and a bottom product and the product from crusher are combined and directed to screen equipped with string - harp sieves with openings of 6 mm.
• the top product is directed to a further crushing and is combined with the bottom product of 0-6 mm.
• the material is directed to the reservoir where flotoconcentrate and calcium compounds are added in appropriate proportions.
• the reservoir is equipped with a dispenser evenly transmitted the feed to the press. Press consists of two rolls rotating towards the inside and in contact with each other. The feed is fed to the working space in the contact area of both rollers.
• Rollers are equipped with operating segments with recesses forming with the suitably selected sh feed is a material difficult to thicken.
• Briquettes are received from the press by means of a suitably constructed conveyor which is a classifier to eliminate briquettes that have and are disintegrated. Then the briquettes are subjected to seasoning for a few days for improving the mechanical strength.
• Example 1 brown coal with a mixture of 5% calcium compounds
• Brown coal which is crushed in the first stage to the fraction of less than 5 mm, in a second stage, the calcium compounds are added 5% of weight of the total mixture, then they are stirred in the reservoir.
• the feed is evenly transmitted to the press, where the it is compressed under high pressing pressure of 150 MPa, and the briquettes are subjected to seasoning for 4 days.
• Example 2 fine coal finely milled - coal with calcium compounds 6% of weight of the total mixture and modified starch 4% of weight of the total mixture
• Example 3 (anthracite with fraction of 0 - 2 mm, together with modified starch compounds 6% of weight of the total mixture)
• Anthracite which in the first stage is crushed to the fraction / feed below 0 - 2 mm, in a second stage the modified starch compounds 6% of weight of the total mixture are added, and the mixture is stirred in the reservoir. Then, the feed is evenly transmitted to the press, where it is compressed under high pressing pressure of 150 MPa and the briquettes are heated up to 200 ° C.
• Example 4 (flotoconcentrate with the feed of less than 0 - 2 mm, together with the modified starch 4% of weight of the total mixture and calcium compounds 6% of weight of the total mixture)
• Example 5 sawdust 5% of weight of the total mixture and fine coalt with modified starch 6% of weight of the total mixture
• Example 6 sawdust to 5% of weight of the total mixture and flotoconcentrate to 95% of the total mixture and the modified starch 6% of weight of the total mixture

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

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Citations (13)

• 2014
  • 2014-12-10 PL PL410479A patent/PL410479A1/pl unknown
  • 2014-12-19 EP EP14460130.9A patent/EP3031886A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (13)

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