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EP3029186A1 - Géotextile comportant des lignes de guidage de chaîne entrelacées - Google Patents

Géotextile comportant des lignes de guidage de chaîne entrelacées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3029186A1
EP3029186A1 EP14196096.3A EP14196096A EP3029186A1 EP 3029186 A1 EP3029186 A1 EP 3029186A1 EP 14196096 A EP14196096 A EP 14196096A EP 3029186 A1 EP3029186 A1 EP 3029186A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
picks
main
woven fabric
weaving pattern
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14196096.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Terras
Sophie VANDEWALLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beaulieu Technical Textiles SA
Original Assignee
Beaulieu Technical Textiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beaulieu Technical Textiles SA filed Critical Beaulieu Technical Textiles SA
Priority to EP14196096.3A priority Critical patent/EP3029186A1/fr
Publication of EP3029186A1 publication Critical patent/EP3029186A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/004—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
    • D03D15/46—Flat yarns, e.g. tapes or films
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
    • D10B2505/204—Geotextiles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to geotextiles and landscape textiles, used for covering an area of ground. It concerns in particular such geotextiles and landscape textiles comprising warp guiding lines which are helpful for laying such fabrics on a given area as well as for planting plants (including the growing of pot plants), poles, or other such items once the fabric covers the ground. Said warp guiding lines are visible to the operators working with such fabrics, but are barely visible to passer-by's.
  • Geotextiles and landscape textiles are fabrics, generally woven from thin polymeric tapes made of polypropylene or polyester. They have many applications in the field of civil engineering such as in roads, airfields, railroads, embankments, retaining structures, reservoirs, canals, dams, bank protection, in the field of coastal engineering to control erosion of shorelines, as well as in the fields of agriculture and landscape preservation, for purposes including moisture retention, water conservation, weed or sward suppression, soil warmth retention, and for light reflecting.
  • geotextiles are usually used to cover large areas of ground, they are often provided with parallel warp guiding lines extending along the length of the fabrics. These lines are also very helpful, once the geotextile is laid in place, for positioning plants, poles and similar items at their required position onto the covered piece of ground. Since most of these operations require piercing holes in the fabric, it is advantageous if the operator can easily find the required position at the first attempt. After all the foregoing operations have been completed, the warp guiding lines have no more use.
  • ends of different colours involves additional storing and handling requirements; spools of tapes of different colours have to be produced or ordered and stored for forming the ends of the geotextile.
  • Beaming i.e., winding the warp onto the warp beam, and aligning the tapes in the weaving loom, which are among the most labour intensive operations in the weaving process, require additional attention to include tapes of a different colour at various intervals.
  • the present invention concerns a woven fabric of the type landscape textile or geotextile for covering an area of ground, said woven fabric being made of ends extending in the warp direction, X1, which defines a length, L, of the fabric, and of picks extending in the weft direction, X2, which defines a width, W, of the fabric, said woven fabric comprising:
  • all the ends are of the same colour, and all the picks are of the same colour. It can be advantageous if the number of ends per unit length in the main portions is substantially equal to the number of ends per unit length in the line portion. Similarly, it is preferred that the number of picks per unit length in the main portions be substantially equal to the number of picks per unit length in the line portion. This way, it is possible to have a uniform fabric density and water permeability over the whole area of the geotextile.
  • the water permeability, K M measured in m / s according to the constant head method defined in ISO11058/2010 of the main portion of the woven fabric can thus be substantially equal to the water permeability, K L , of the line portion measured according to the same method on a similar swatch comprising a line portion.
  • the value of the permeability, K M , K L , in both main portion and line portion can typically be comprised between 0.005 and 0.020 m / s, preferably between 0.008 and 0.015 m/s.
  • substantially equal' it is meant here comprised within the standard deviation of the value of K M measured on the main portion (2M), which is generally of the order of about 10%.
  • the main weaving pattern can for example be selected from plain weave or basket.
  • the line weaving pattern can be a modified main weaving pattern comprising floating picks floating over at least one more end than in the main weaving pattern.
  • the line weaving pattern may comprise a sequence alternating in the warp direction, wherein said sequence comprises in the weft direction: a first floating portion, wherein one pick floats over (under) at least three ends, preferably at least four ends, adjacent to a plain cloth unit cell wherein said pick goes below (over) one end and over (below) one end, adjacent to a second floating portion wherein one pick floats below (over) at least three ends, preferably at least four ends.
  • the presence of floating picks in the line portion substantially alters the reflection of light by the tapes, thus revealing the presence of a warp guiding line upon close observation, but disappearing when observed from a distance.
  • the line portion width (WL) is typically comprised between 3 and 30 mm, preferably between 4 and 15 mm, more preferably between 5 and 10 mm.
  • the main portion width (WM) depends on the application of the geotextile and can be of the order of 100 mm or greater, or of the order of 400 mm or greater, or even greater than 1000 mm for ground portions to be covered of extensive area.
  • the picks and ends can be made of any polymer, such as polyolefins, e.g., polyethylene or, preferably, polypropylene, or polyester, or biopolymers. For some applications, they can be made of a biodegradable polymer. Their geometry can be selected from bundles of threads, or single tapes. For example, tapes can be used having a width comprised between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 3 mm. For ease of storage of the tapes used for the weaving and ease of production of the geotextile, it is preferred if all the ends have the same tex and the same shape Similarly it is advantageous if all the picks have the same tex and the same shape.
  • polyolefins e.g., polyethylene or, preferably, polypropylene, or polyester, or biopolymers.
  • They can be made of a biodegradable polymer.
  • Their geometry can be selected from bundles of threads, or single tapes.
  • tapes can be used having
  • the ends may have the shape of a tape of tex comprised between 30 and 520 tex, preferably between 40 and 160 tex
  • the picks may have the shape of a tape of tex comprised between 30 and 440 tex, preferably between 70 and 130 tex.
  • the ends and picks may, but not necessarily, be identical in any of their shape, size, colour, or any combinations thereof.
  • a fabric according to the present invention may comprise more than one line portion, and be provided with several parallel warp guiding lines. This is achieved by repeating the same sequence of two main portions separated by a line portion several times in the weft direction (X2) yielding a woven fabric with several line portions extending in the warp direction (X1) and equidistantly distributed over the weft direction.
  • the woven fabric of the present invention further comprises weft guiding lines extending in the weft direction, normal to the warp guiding lines, wherein said weft guiding lines are formed by band portions having a band weaving pattern different from the main weaving pattern and from the line weaving pattern.
  • the warp and weft guiding lines form a checked or tartan pattern which can be useful when positioning plants, poles or other objects over the fabric according to a predetermined pattern.
  • the main weaving pattern be selected from plain weave or basket, and the band weaving pattern be defined as either:
  • the present invention also concerns the use of a woven fabric as defined supra for covering a portion of ground with an apparently optically uniform geo-textile or landscape textile layer and yet providing reference lines to help in the proper laying of said fabric and in the alignment of plants (including the growing of pot plants) or poles on said portion of ground.
  • a geotextile (2) or landscape textile (2) is generally supplied in a roll (2) and is simply unrolled to cover an area of ground.
  • the portion of ground to be covered can be a flower bed of a few tens of cm of sides or it can be a whole field or meadow of several tens of metres of sides.
  • the present invention can be applied to geotextiles of any size, but is particularly advantageous for geotextiles of large area.
  • the geotextile of the present invention must comprise warp guiding lines (2L) running parallel to a length, L, of the fabric, as such warp guiding lines are much appreciated by the operators laying such fabrics and planting poles, plants, etc.
  • warp guiding lines however, after the fabric has been put in place and all accessories planted in their place, become useless and can break the harmony of the landscape. It is an object of the present invention to provide a geotextile comprising warp guiding lines for the operators comfort and yet which do not show after the installation is completed. This object is achieved in the following manner.
  • a geotextile according to the present invention is a woven fabric made of ends (1 E) extending in the warp direction (X1) which defines a length (L) of the fabric, and of picks (1 P) extending in the weft direction (X2), which defines a width (W) of the fabric.
  • the picks (1 P) and ends (1 E) of the woven fabric are preferably made of any polymer, such as polyolefins, e;g., polyethylene or, preferably, polypropylene, or polyester, or biopolymers, or any mixture thereof. For some applications, they can be made of a biodegradable polymer. If tapes are used, their width may be comprised between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 3 mm.
  • the tapes in the warp direction (X1) may have the same width as or a different width than the tapes in the weft direction (X2).
  • all ends (1 E) are similar both in geometry and colour.
  • all ends (1 E) may be polypropylene tapes of a given colour (e.g., black) and given width as discussed above.
  • the tapes of the ends can be characterized by a title comprised between 30 and 520 tex, preferably between 40 and 240 tex, more preferably between 50 and 160 tex.
  • all the picks (1 P) are preferably similar both in geometry and colour.
  • all picks (1 P) may be polypropylene tapes of a given colour (e.g., dark green) and given width as discussed above and characterized by a title comprised between 30 and 440 tex, preferably between 70 and 130 tex, more preferably between 90 and 110 tex.
  • a given colour e.g., dark green
  • a title comprised between 30 and 440 tex, preferably between 70 and 130 tex, more preferably between 90 and 110 tex.
  • the warp guiding lines are defined by line portions (2L) having a line portion width, WL, separating two main portions (2M) having a main portion width, WM, wherein WL ⁇ WM. Widths are always measured herein in the weft direction, X2, and lengths are always measured herein in the warp direction, X1.
  • the line portion width (WL) may for example be comprised between 3 and 15 mm, preferably between 4 and 8 mm.
  • the main portion width, WM is substantially larger than the line portion width, WL (WL ⁇ WM).
  • the magnitude of the main portion width, WM depends of course on the end application of the geotextile.
  • the main portion width can be of the order of 100 mm or more, such as 100 to 300 mm.
  • the main portion width, WM can be much larger, such as greater than 400 mm, preferably greater than 600 mm or even than 1000 mm.
  • the length, L, of the geotextile (measured in the warp direction) is only limited by the length of the ends (1 E) used, and by the maximum diameter of the storing roll (2R) considered admissible for handling.
  • the width, W, of the geotextile (measured in the weft direction) is only limited by the size of the loom used for the weaving thereof. Looms spanning several metres in width are available on the market. A woven geofabric can be cut on line to yield rolls of smaller width.
  • a geotextile according to the present invention generally comprises more than one warp guiding line (2L) so that the same sequence of two main portions (2M) separated by a line portion (2L) is repeated several times in the weft direction (X2) yielding a woven fabric with several line portions (2L) extending over the whole length of the fabric in the warp direction (X1) and usually but not necessarily equidistantly distributed over the weft direction (X2).
  • the picks (1 P) are interwoven with the ends (1 E) according to a main weaving pattern
  • the picks (1 P) are interwoven with the ends (1 E) according to a line weaving pattern which is different from the main weaving pattern. It is the difference in weaving patterns in the main portions (2M) and in the line portions (2L) which makes the warp guiding lines visible to an operator when working with the eyes close to the fabric, but nearly invisible from a distance. Since the geofabrics according to the present invention are used for covering portions of ground, the discreet visual appearance of the line portions (2L) over the main portions (2M) is based on the reflection of light, and not on the light transmission through the fabric.
  • the geotextile is used to control water / vapour exchange between the ground and the atmosphere, and it is desirable to have a water permeability which is substantially uniform over the whole area of the geotextile fabric.
  • the water permeability, K M , of the main portion (2M) of the woven fabric be substantially equal to the water permeability, K L , of the line portion (2L),
  • the water permeability can be measured in m / s according to the constant head method defined in ISO 11058/2010 on a square swatch of standardized area as illustrated in Figure 4(b) . If the line portion width, WL, is smaller than the swatch edge dimensions, the main portions (2M) flanking either side of a line portion (2L) can be covered with a tape impervious to water, as illustrated in Figure 4(a) . The value thus measured must of course be corrected according to the actual area of the line portion (2L) exposed to water percolation.
  • the permeability (K M , K L ) in both main portion (2M) and line portion (2L) can for example be comprised between 0.005 and 0.015 m / s, preferably between 0.008 and 0.012 m/s.
  • a uniform water permeability and fabric density in both main portions (2M) and line portions (2L) can easily be obtained by ensuring that the type and number of ends (1 E) per unit length in the main portions (2M) is substantially equal to the type and number of ends (1 E) per unit length in the line portion (2L) and, similarly that the type and number of picks (1 P) per unit length in the main portions (2M) is substantially equal to the type and number of picks (1 P) per unit length in the line portion (2L).
  • the ends (1 E) in the line portions (2L) be of the same colour than the ends (1 E) in the main portions (2M).
  • This also has the advantage to facilitate the storage management of tape spools since a single colour is sufficient, and to facilitate the mounting of the ends (1 E) on the beaming machine and on the weaving loom, which is one of the most labour intensive operations in a nowadays highly automated weaving process.
  • the picks (1 P) are preferably all of a same colour, which simplifies the type of weaving loom used.
  • the picks (1 P) and ends (1 E) may or may not have the same colour, depending on the type of application, and the resulting visual effect desired.
  • the line portions (2L) will be more visible to the naked eye if two different colours are used for the ends and for the picks, respectively, but they remain very discreet. In case ends and picks are all of the same colour, the line portions (2L) are still visible from close observation, due to the differing reflections of the light on the tapes woven according to the main weaving pattern and on the tapes woven according to the line weaving pattern.
  • the main portion (2M) of geotextiles according to the present invention is typically woven according to a main weaving pattern selected from a plain cloth (one up-one down, cf. (2M) in Figure 2(b) ) or basket (two ups-two downs, cf. (2M) in Figure 3(a) &(b)).
  • a main weaving pattern selected from a plain cloth (one up-one down, cf. (2M) in Figure 2(b) ) or basket (two ups-two downs, cf. (2M) in Figure 3(a) &(b)).
  • the line weaving pattern comprises floating picks floating over at least one more end (1 E) than in the main weaving pattern.
  • the main weaving pattern is plain cloth (one up-one down) and the line weaving pattern comprises picks floating over two ends (i.e., over one more end than in the main weaving pattern).
  • the main weaving pattern is plain cloth (one up-one down) and the line weaving pattern comprises picks floating over four ends (i.e., over three more ends than in the main weaving pattern).
  • the main weaving pattern is basket (two ups-two downs) and the line weaving pattern comprises picks floating over four ends (i.e., over two more ends than in the main weaving pattern).
  • the line weaving pattern is a modified main weaving pattern differing in that it comprises floating picks floating over at least one more end (1 E) than in the main weaving pattern.
  • the line weaving pattern substantially differs from the main weaving pattern, in that the latter the sequence alternates with every pair of adjacent picks, which follow the same pattern (basket), whilst in the line portion (2L), the sequence alternates with every pick.
  • One pick (1 P) in a given line portion (2L) may be floating over several ends more than once. In such case it is preferred that two adjacent floating regions be separated by a plain cloth weaving unit cell (i.e., one up, one down), in order to stabilize the weave at the line portions.
  • Figures 2(b) , 3 , and 5 show line weaving patterns comprising a sequence alternating in the warp direction, wherein said sequence comprises in the weft direction: a first floating portion, wherein one pick floats over (under) at least two, preferably at least three ends, more preferably at least four ends, adjacent to a plain cloth unit cell wherein said pick goes below (over) one end and over (below) one end, adjacent to a second floating portion wherein one pick floats below (over) at least two (cf. Figure 5 ), preferably at least three ends, more preferably at least four ends (cf. Figures 2 &3).
  • the line weaving pattern shown in Figure 2(b) can be defined as two mirror 5H satin unit cells facing each other.
  • a geotextile according to the present invention provides lines which are visible from close by, but quite invisible from a distance and, at the same time, ensures substantially uniform density and water permeability over the whole area of the fabric, with no local mechanical weakness.
  • the warp lines (2L) are preferably continuous, but they can also be dashed lines, wherein the line weaving pattern is interrupted at intervals by the main weaving pattern.
  • weft guiding lines (2B) extending in the weft direction, normal to the warp guiding lines (2L) extending in the warp direction.
  • An example of such application is illustrated in Figure 7 allowing plants or poles to be distributed over an area according to a predetermined pattern (here in staggered rows).
  • Such checked or tartan pattern can be obtained by interweaving the picks (1 P) in such way as to create band portions (2B) extending in the weft direction, as illustrated in Figure 6 .
  • a band portion (2B) can be formed by altering the alternating pattern of the weft between adjacent picks (1 P), for as many adjacent picks as required to reach the desired band width, WB.
  • a one to one alternating pattern is altered and two adjacent picks repeat the same pattern, thus creating a band portion which has a band width, equivalent to the width of two picks.
  • Figure 6(b) shows the same alteration of the picks pattern, extending over three adjacent picks (1 P) yielding a broader band width, WB, than in Figure 6(a) .
  • the band portion (WB) may have other band weaving patterns. For example, all the weaving patterns discussed with respect to the line portion (2L) can be applied mutatis mutandis to the band portion (2B), by inverting the ends and picks.
  • the band weaving pattern can be a modified main weaving pattern comprising floating ends floating over at least one more picks (1 P) than in the main weaving pattern.
  • the main weaving pattern can be selected from plain weave or basket, and the band weaving pattern may comprise a sequence alternating in the weft direction, wherein said sequence comprises in the weft direction: a first floating portion, wherein one end floats over (under) at least two picks, preferably at least three picks, more preferably at least four picks, adjacent to a plain cloth unit cell wherein said end goes below (over) one pick and over (below) one pick, adjacent to a second floating portion wherein one end floats below (over) at least two picks, preferably at least three picks, more preferably at least four picks.
  • weft guiding lines (2B) in the weft direction only with no warp guiding lines (2L). In this case, it suffices to interweave the picks (1 P) as explained supra, but without any line portions (2L), an example of which is illustrated in Figure 8 . All the embodiments described supra with reference to warp guiding lines (2L) can be applied mutatis mutandis to the weft guiding lines (2B) by changing all references to ends into picks, and all references to picks into ends.
  • REF FEATURE 1E ends (warp direction) 1P picks (weft direction) 2 geotextile 2B band portion (in the weft direction) 2L line portion (in the warp direction) 2M main portion 2R geotextile roll K L water permeability of the line portion (ISO 11058/2010) K M water permeability of the main portion (ISO 11058/2010) L geotextile length in warp direction W geotextile width in weft direction WB width of band portion (2B) WL width of line portion (2L) WM width of main portion (2M) X1 warp direction X2 weft direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP14196096.3A 2014-12-03 2014-12-03 Géotextile comportant des lignes de guidage de chaîne entrelacées Withdrawn EP3029186A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196096.3A EP3029186A1 (fr) 2014-12-03 2014-12-03 Géotextile comportant des lignes de guidage de chaîne entrelacées

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196096.3A EP3029186A1 (fr) 2014-12-03 2014-12-03 Géotextile comportant des lignes de guidage de chaîne entrelacées

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EP3029186A1 true EP3029186A1 (fr) 2016-06-08

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20250034893A1 (en) * 2023-07-28 2025-01-30 Groupe Solmax, Inc. Pool cover
EP4605587A4 (fr) * 2022-10-21 2025-12-10 Ten Cate Ind Zhuhai Co Ltd Tissu de drainage à plan transversal à boucle à effet de mèche

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013033719A1 (fr) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 5.11, Inc. Tissu indéchirable comprenant des fibres extensibles mécaniques
US20130092281A1 (en) * 2009-07-30 2013-04-18 Lumite, Inc. Method for manufacturing a turf reinforcement mat
US20140241817A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-28 Nicolon Corporation d/b/a TenCate Geosynthetics North America Stabilized and reinforced civil constructions and method of making same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130092281A1 (en) * 2009-07-30 2013-04-18 Lumite, Inc. Method for manufacturing a turf reinforcement mat
WO2013033719A1 (fr) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 5.11, Inc. Tissu indéchirable comprenant des fibres extensibles mécaniques
US20140241817A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-28 Nicolon Corporation d/b/a TenCate Geosynthetics North America Stabilized and reinforced civil constructions and method of making same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
"Ground Cover", 15 May 2014 (2014-05-15), XP055187406, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.dewittcompany.com/pdfs/05_groundcover.pdf> [retrieved on 20150505] *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4605587A4 (fr) * 2022-10-21 2025-12-10 Ten Cate Ind Zhuhai Co Ltd Tissu de drainage à plan transversal à boucle à effet de mèche
US20250034893A1 (en) * 2023-07-28 2025-01-30 Groupe Solmax, Inc. Pool cover
US12312831B2 (en) * 2023-07-28 2025-05-27 Nicolon Corporation Pool cover

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