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EP3022489A1 - Procédé permettant de traiter une scorie dans des installations d'incinération de déchets et installation d'incinération de déchets - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de traiter une scorie dans des installations d'incinération de déchets et installation d'incinération de déchets

Info

Publication number
EP3022489A1
EP3022489A1 EP13747366.6A EP13747366A EP3022489A1 EP 3022489 A1 EP3022489 A1 EP 3022489A1 EP 13747366 A EP13747366 A EP 13747366A EP 3022489 A1 EP3022489 A1 EP 3022489A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fraction
heavy
fine
waste incineration
slag
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13747366.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3022489B1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Schons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3022489A1 publication Critical patent/EP3022489A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3022489B1 publication Critical patent/EP3022489B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01001—Sorting and classifying ashes or fly-ashes from the combustion chamber before further treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01021—Removing ashes from the ash pit using reciprocating means, e.g. pushers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/15023—Magnetic filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the treatment of slag in waste incineration plants according to the preamble of claim 1 and a waste incineration plant according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • waste incineration in waste incinerators inter alia, grate furnaces are mainly used, the hot raw slag usually by means of a so-called wet slag from a combustion chamber Subsequent space is discharged.
  • the wet slagger forms a sluice, in the manner of a siphon to the air close to the separation of the combustion chamber, more precisely of the combustion chamber downstream chamber connected to the combustion chamber or the combustion air from the outside air.
  • waste incineration plants are very costly in their existence and in operation and beyond little space or space is available, the discharged slag is externally processed mostly by third parties, which escapes the waste incineration plant operators the treatment value creation.
  • the wet slagters used have a negative side effect with regard to the external treatment, since they support unwanted reactions such as agglomeration of the fine slag particles into slag-containing slag, which makes subsequent metal recovery from the raw slag difficult.
  • various concepts have been developed with different objectives for improving waste incineration plants.
  • EP 0 722 777 A1 describes a method for treating slags from waste incineration plants, after which the raw slag is separated into at least two fractions directly after passing through the fire grate and without prior quenching in a water bath.
  • the coarse fraction is fed to a wet slagger, wherein a screen overflow is separated from the fine fraction and also fed to the wet slag.
  • the screen diarrhea is fed to a second screening stage, for the separation of a fine fraction of 0 mm to 2 mm.
  • the screen overflow of the second stage is optionally mechanically comminuted after sorting out of metallic and inert materials, wherein the screen diarrhea is a special treatment, for example, fed to a melting furnace.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a method which ensures optimal slag preparation in waste incineration plants and preferably increases the value added of waste incineration plants. Furthermore, the object is to provide a correspondingly improved waste incineration plant, with which an optimal slag preparation is possible.
  • the invention is based on the idea to increase the slag processing and thus the added value of a waste incineration plant already within the waste incineration plant before discharging from the combustion chamber downstream and preferably with the combustion chamber, preferably via a gap downstream of the combustion chamber for charging with crude slag , air-conductively connected space, ie before leaving a wet or mergeentschlackers a noble metals such as gold, platinum, silver, palladium and preferably also non-ferrous metals heavy fraction to win, which then separately from a light fraction by means of discharge means, most preferably by means of a wet slag, alternatively a dry slag is discharged from the space downstream of the firebox.
  • the feature of the discharge from the space downstream of the combustion chamber is to be understood in such a way that the division into the light fraction and the heavy fraction ends at the latest when leaving the purification sludge. must be closed - ie the purifier itself counts up to the outlet opening to the downstream of the firebox room.
  • the space downstream of the combustion chamber is preferably connected via a kind of gap through which the raw slag passes from the fire grate.
  • the space is connected via the, preferably acting as an airlock closing means with downstream areas of the waste incineration plant.
  • the heavy fraction may or may not contain iron metal if these are removed or sorted out in a further separation step, either from the heavy fraction or a preceding fraction of the slag, in particular using a magnet.
  • the precious metals and preferably also the non-ferrous metals, e.g. Copper, zinc, aluminum, brass, stainless steel, lead-containing heavy fraction is inventively not directly obtained from the raw slag, but the extraction of heavy fraction is at least one further separation step, which is also provided within the waste incineration plant after grate firing ahead. Partly precious metals are applied to the non-ferrous metals.
  • the non-ferrous metals e.g. Copper, zinc, aluminum, brass, stainless steel, lead-containing heavy fraction
  • the raw slag is after passing through the fire grate in terms of their particle size, in particular by sieving divided into at least two fractions comprising a fine fraction and a coarse fraction.
  • the heavy fraction comprising the noble metals and preferably the non-ferrous metals is now recovered from the fine fraction, in particular, as will be explained later, with the aid of the principle of a jig, which is even more preferably integrated into or upstream of a wet slagger, also alternative Extraction methods within the waste incineration plant can be realized.
  • the division of the slag into a fine fraction and a coarse fraction is based on the idea that the smaller the grain size, the higher the added value.
  • the distribution of the raw slag into the fine fraction and the coarse function preferably takes place by means of a finger sieve or star screen.
  • a finger sieve or star screen in the waste incineration plant is advantageous in order to ensure that the not inconsiderable proportion of coins flows into the fine fraction and thus at the end of the heavy fraction comprising noble metals and preferably also the non-ferrous metals.
  • the slag preparation according to the invention within the waste incineration plant, or in a space immediately downstream or extending the combustion space, i. in front of an outlet of discharge means, in particular in the wet slagger has many advantages, especially if the release agent for separating the fine fraction or a fraction separated thereon into a heavy and a light fraction is at least partially part of discharge means, in particular a wet slagger.
  • ferrous metals are still separated within the refuse incinerator, or before the outlet of corresponding discharge means.
  • ferrous metals it is possible to separate the ferrous metals still from the heavy fraction before discharging the heavy fraction out, it being preferred that the ferrous metals before the separation step in the light and To remove heavy fraction in order to reduce the mass flow rate in corresponding release agents, in particular a setting device that separates density-based.
  • the ferrous metals can be separated either directly from the raw slag or the fine fraction or a fraction separated therefrom before the release agents to recover the heavy fraction and preferably separated from the noble metals separately.
  • ferrous metal separation it is preferable to also recover the iron fraction of the coarse fraction and, if appropriate, discharge it together with the iron fraction of the fine fraction.
  • ferrous metals are meant magnetized metals.
  • the division of the raw slag into the fine fraction and the coarse fraction by sieving, in particular by means of a finger sieve, in particular with regard to the coins then characterized in the fine fraction and at the end of the heavy fraction.
  • the raw slag is divided into the at least two fractions by wet sieving, in particular in which the sieve is subjected to water, in particular by sprinkling, during sieving ,
  • the positive side effect is achieved that the hot raw slag is cooled, in which case preferably the later heavy fraction and preferably at least one further fraction, in particular the coarse fraction by means, in particular separate wet slagger be discharged from the downstream of the combustion chamber space.
  • a setting device for dividing the fine fraction into a light fraction and a heavy fraction in which the fine fraction is subjected to mechanical impulses for partitioning in a water bath, this water bath most preferably being provided within a wet sludge trap is.
  • an eddy current may be present at the separating mechanism. can be seen, which is designed dry or even more preferably alternatively wet working.
  • this fine fraction is a so-called sludge fraction which can clog the dewatering sieves and disturb the separating cut by means of a jigging machine and can lead to density changes of the water bath.
  • the sludge fraction can not be deliberately separated and fed to the jigging machine.
  • the ultrafine fraction can be added, for example, to the light fraction and / or the coarse fraction, or can be discharged separately from further fractions or else the heavy fraction can be slammed again.
  • the ultrafine fraction is preferably dewatered before discharging out of the space downstream of the firebox.
  • the release agents for separating the ultrafine fraction or a fraction obtained therefrom into the light and heavy fractions are integrated into a discharge element (discharge means) for discharging from the firebox.
  • a discharge element discharge means
  • a wet slagger is suitable for this, since it may and preferably has a large receiving basin into which the separating means, in particular in the form of a setting device, can be integrated, whereby corresponding pulse generators can be provided, for example in the bottom of the basin.
  • the mechanical impulses produce a pulsed flow which ensures that the light particles (light fraction) float and the heavy precious metal particles, and possibly non-ferrous metals and possibly iron particles sink, and then discharged by means of a slide or a rotary valve can be.
  • the buoyant slag particles, light fraction are preferably discharged in a flow direction of the setting device and preferably discharged together with the coarse fraction.
  • the light fraction floats and can be removed in a first direction, for example, by means of a conveyor belt of the coarse fraction assigned and discharged together with this.
  • It is also conceivable to discharge the heavy fraction and / or the light fraction by means of a rotary valve.
  • the separation between fine and coarse function takes place at 32 mm, or possibly 15 mm or optionally 8 mm or possibly an intermediate size.
  • the separation limit between the ultrafine fraction and the fine fraction is preferably 0.5 mm.
  • the waste incineration plant comprises a furnace with grate firing at which a preferred air-conducting connected to the firebox room and discharge means for discharging raw slag components, especially in the absence of air, from the room, according to the invention, the raw slag is not discharged as a whole, but at least two Fractions separately from each other, namely on the one hand, the heavy metals and preferably non-ferrous metals comprehensive heavy fraction, optionally comprising ferrous metals and separately from the remaining slag components as a whole or in turn divided into individual fractions, in which case a corresponding number of locks must be provided.
  • the subordinate to the firebox and with it via an opening to the Guiding connected room of raw slag ends according to the preliminary invention at the exit or an outlet opening of the discharge means.
  • the outlet of the outlet means the end of the discharge means, in particular an air lock, whereby the separation of the fine fraction or a fraction separated therefrom can also be realized within the heavy fraction comprising the noble metals within the discharge means, in particular in the water bath of a wet sludge trap.
  • the invention also leads to the use of release agents for splitting a fraction obtained from raw slag of a waste incineration plant or a fraction separated therefrom into at least two fractions, comprising a heavy fraction comprising precious metals and optionally non-ferrous metals and optionally ferrous metals and a light fraction in a waste incineration plant in one area in front of a room outlet of ejection means.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in a schematic position, the mode of operation of a nasal slag with integrated setting device in a waste incineration plant.
  • a combustion chamber 1 of a waste incineration plant 2 is shown very schematically.
  • the furnace 1 there is a grate 3, on which raw slag migrates in the direction of a rust-side slag discharge and from there, preferably exclusively, but not necessarily by gravity to means 5 for splitting the raw slag according to their particle size in at least two fractions.
  • the means 5 comprise a finger sieve arrangement or star screen arrangement with a mesh width of preferably 15 mm or 32 mm.
  • the screen overflow is a coarse fraction 7, which can be discharged with the aid of a suitable purifier 8 through a system boundary combustion chamber 9.
  • the deslagers thus form a boundary / separation, in particular an air lock, between a space 26 and the "outside world", wherein the space 26 is fed with raw slag from the combustion chamber or the fire grate
  • the desiccant 8 is a dry slag if required
  • a wet slagger is preferred as the slagger 8.
  • the finger sieve diarrhea 10 is fed to an optional further sieve arrangement 11, with which a superfine fraction 12 can be separated, which in the case of wet sieving is a sludge fraction and otherwise a type of dust fraction.
  • the mesh size is at least approximately 0.5 mm.
  • the desired fine fraction 13 which in the case of dispensing with the screen assembly 1 1 additionally contains the fines.
  • it can be passed over the system boundary 9 in different ways, for example together with the coarse fraction 7 by means of the slagger 8.
  • the sludge 12 is dewatered within the space 26. It is also conceivable to provide a separate detoxifier.
  • the fine fraction 13 passes to release agents 14, which are preferably part or are integrated into a further desacerizer 15, which, depending on the method of separation, may be a dry slag or wet slag.
  • the partition walls 14 are provided in this wet slagger.
  • the separating means 14 may be formed separately from the slagger 15 and preferably located above it.
  • the fine fraction 13 enters the release agent 14, in the case of a setting device in a water bath 16, with the help of Impulsbeetzungsffenn 22 mechanical water flow pulses are applied, resulting in that the fine fraction 13 is divided according to their density in a floating light fraction 17th and a heavy fraction 18, the precious metals and this embodiment also contains non-ferrous metals and ferrous metals, the heavy fraction 18 is discharged with the help of the purger 15 from the system boundary 9.
  • the light fraction 17 is preferably discharged together with the coarse fraction 7 by means of the purger 8, preferably, if present, together with the ultrafine fraction.
  • it is also possible lent to assigning the Feinstfr it its own slagger to overcome the system boundary.
  • iron metal sorting means 19 can be provided at different positions, in the example below the Fingerersieban Aunt 6, which is theoretically also conceivable, only after the release agent 14 iron metal sort out.
  • FIG. 2 an arrangement of separating means 14 as from the discharge means (sludge) separate device is shown.
  • the separating means 14 are located above two purifiers 8, 15 within the space downstream of the combustion chamber 26, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the Entschlacker 8 serves for discharging the coarse fraction 7 together with the light fraction 17, while from the separating means 14, the heavy fraction 18 is fed to the purger 1 5.
  • two purifiers 8, 15 are provided.
  • the desacer 8 for discharging at least the coarse fraction 7 and possibly the Leichfr intervention 17 is used, wherein alternatively for the light fraction 17, a further Entschlacker can be provided.
  • the decanter 15 is used for discharging the heavy fraction 18.
  • a solid component of the slagger 15 are the release agent 14, which are integrated in the embodiment shown in a water basin of the trained as a wet slag detoxifier.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a highly schematic manner a possible structure of a deslagger 15 in the form of a wet sluice, the outlet of which is bounded by the space 26 downstream of the firebox.
  • a deslagger 15 in the form of a wet sluice, the outlet of which is bounded by the space 26 downstream of the firebox.
  • a slag inlet 20 into which the fine fraction 13 originating from the means 5 falls.
  • water 21 which serves as an airlock.
  • pulse impingement means 22 are provided, which are the particles 21 located in the water the fine fraction 13 act on a pulse-like flow, with the result that the light fraction flows in an upper region of the flow in the embodiment shown in the drawing to the left, to discharge means 23, for example in the form of a conveyor belt, where it alternatively It is conceivable to discharge the light fraction 17 directly by means of the purger 15 - a further slide could be suitably provided for this purpose.
  • a scrape conveyor could be provided or a conveyor belt provided, in particular in a water bath, to influence the stratification (light / heavy) less strongly.
  • the light fraction could be transported away by means of the water flow, for example in the same direction as the heavy fraction, here preferably above it, or else in another direction preferably in an opposite direction.
  • a further purifier may be provided, or the light fraction 17 is fed to the purifier for the coarse fraction.
  • the heavy fraction 18 drops down and can be transported to the firebox outlet 25 by suitable means, here by way of example a slider 24 known per se (alternatively, for example, conveyor belt or scrape conveyor).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de traiter une scorie dans des installations d'incinération de déchets. Selon ce procédé, la scorie crue (4), après être passée par une grille de foyer, et avant d'être évacuée d'une chambre (26) montée en aval du foyer (1), de préférence reliée de manière à guider l'air, est divisée en fonction de sa taille de particule en au moins deux fractions, comprenant une fraction fine (13) et une fraction grossière (7). Selon l'invention, la fraction fine (13) ou une fraction séparée de celle-ci est divisée en au moins deux fractions, comprenant une fraction lourde (18) comportant des métaux nobles et une fraction légère (17), et la fraction lourde (18) et la fraction légère (17) sont évacuées séparément de la chambre (26) montée en aval du foyer (1).
EP13747366.6A 2013-07-17 2013-07-17 Procédé permettant de traiter une scorie dans des installations d'incinération de déchets et installation d'incinération de déchets Active EP3022489B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/065108 WO2015007314A1 (fr) 2013-07-17 2013-07-17 Procédé permettant de traiter une scorie dans des installations d'incinération de déchets et installation d'incinération de déchets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3022489A1 true EP3022489A1 (fr) 2016-05-25
EP3022489B1 EP3022489B1 (fr) 2017-09-06

Family

ID=48949126

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13747366.6A Active EP3022489B1 (fr) 2013-07-17 2013-07-17 Procédé permettant de traiter une scorie dans des installations d'incinération de déchets et installation d'incinération de déchets

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3022489B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015007314A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014115854A1 (de) 2014-10-30 2016-05-04 Georg Schons Verfahren zur Handhabung von Schlacke und Rostdurchfall einer Müllverbrennungsanlage sowie Müllverbrennungsanlage
DE102016122579A1 (de) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-24 Georg Schons Vorrichtung und Münzaussortierverfahren zum Aussortieren von Münzen aus einer Metallschüttung

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0372039B1 (fr) 1988-06-16 1992-08-26 Leo Schwyter Ag Procede et dispositif de traitement de scories de fours d'incineration de dechets
DE3939344C2 (de) 1989-11-29 1993-11-04 Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Verfahren zum behandeln von rueckstaenden einer abfallverbrennungsanlage und abfallverbrennungsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
FR2722436B1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-09-20 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede et installation de thermolyse de dechets
TW277101B (en) 1995-01-21 1996-06-01 Abb Man Ag Process for treating slag from refuse incineration plants
DE19508488C3 (de) * 1995-03-09 2001-03-15 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von deponiefähigen oder weiterverarbeitbaren Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Abfallverbrennungsanlage
DE19747504A1 (de) * 1997-10-28 1999-04-29 Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Verfahren zur Behandlung von Verbrennungsrückständen
US6264039B1 (en) * 1999-10-21 2001-07-24 The University Of Akron Method for precious metal recovery from slag
DE10213789B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2006-04-20 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Behandlung von Verbrennungsrückständen einer Verbrennungsanlage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2015007314A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3022489B1 (fr) 2017-09-06
WO2015007314A1 (fr) 2015-01-22

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