EP3017123B1 - Method for producing a concrete component, prefabricated structural element of a concrete component, and concrete component - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a method for producing a concrete component, a prefabricated structural element of a concrete component and a corresponding concrete component.

Concrete components and their production are known. For quite some time it has been known to provide such concrete components with insulation elements as they are being manufactured. The concrete components are often plate-shaped, so that it often comes to connections between insulation panels and concrete slabs. Often, so-called sandwich panels are produced in which the insulation layer of two concrete layers edged ("sandwiched") is.

In particular, in the provision of such sandwich elements, the question arises for a firm connection between the two (outer) concrete layers, since this compound must pass through the insulation layer, without causing a thermal bridge of greater extent.

The US20040065034A1 shows a sandwich element having for this purpose a woven carbon fiber grating connecting the two outer concrete slabs through the insulating layer. The carbon fiber grating is integrated into elongated insulating elements and extends only in a plane which is perpendicular to the surface of the concrete component. The method for producing the sandwich elements is intended to essentially maintain existing production processes in order to be able to manufacture sandwich elements in large numbers in a flexible and cost-effective manner. The US20040206032A1 is a continuation-in-part of US20040065034A1 , In training of US20040065034A1 the focus is in the US20040206032A1 on Possibilities of connecting said concrete components to each other or to parts of buildings. The carbon fiber reinforcing grids used are the same (see corresponding brand name of the grids used) as in US20040065034A1 ,

The EP0532140A1 shows sandwich panels, where the two outer concrete slabs are joined by fiber-reinforced plastic parts. The connecting parts are fixed in the formwork to prestressed steel cables. In some cases, the elongated, mostly in a surface lying connecting parts are integrated in an insulating material. The method of manufacturing the sandwich elements describes separate and independent steps for the introduction of the reinforcements of the concrete slabs and for the introduction of the elongated connecting parts.

Also the DE 100 07 100 B4 is dedicated to this problem. It shows a method in which first a first concrete layer is formed. Elements for connecting the first concrete layer with the second concrete layer to be applied later are applied to this layer. These protrude perpendicular to the second layer. They pierce the insulation layer when it is applied to the first concrete layer. To re-seal the puncture point, it is foamed with PU foam. Finally, the second concrete layer is applied to the insulating layer.

Also, at the time of the first application of the present invention is not yet part of the published prior art DE 10 2012 101 498 A1 shows such a "sandwich element", in which the two concrete layers are connected by reinforcing elements, which pass through an insulating layer. A method for producing the component shown is also presented in the latter document.

The two aforementioned publications have in common that they mention the use of non-metallic reinforcing elements.

Practical experience in the manufacture of concrete components shows that specific problems arise from the use of textile reinforcing elements such as glass fibers or carbon fiber elements. So these reinforcing elements have a lower mass and a lower compressive strength than Metal. Also, the tensile strength of the materials is often anisotropic and pre-hardened reinforcing meshes have a high degree of fragility.

The above-mentioned low mass can cause reinforcing material, to which a concrete layer is added, to float, and therefore does not make intimate contact with the concrete matrix. One way out of this problem is to weigh the fragile reinforcing material with stones or metal at its top and to ensure that reinforcing parts remain in the concrete matrix during setting. However, with this method it happens that the reinforcement parts are located too close to the bottom of the formwork (the reinforcement sinks too low due to their weighting), so that the reinforcing elements later show through the finished concrete layer. This is undesirable especially with facade components. Therefore, the spacing is often adjusted by placing reinforcing components on spacers that rest on the bottom of the formwork.

The disadvantage of this measure is the visibility of the spacers on the surface of the first concrete layer and in the effort and uncertainties that cause such rather delicate measures both in the production of in-situ concrete components as well as prefabricated components.

The present invention has for its object to propose a manufacturing method for a concrete component, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are reduced.

The object is achieved by a method according to the present claim 1.

Accordingly, concrete is first given in a preferably flat formwork. On the resulting concrete layer - which already has reinforcing elements z. B. may contain steel - a prefabricated component is lowered. This prefabricated component comprises first textile reinforcing elements and first insulation elements. The insulation elements give the reinforcement structures, inter alia, a considerable mass that avoids a complete floating of the same on the concrete. On the other hand is the specific gravity - or its density - much lower than that of concrete, so that the insulation elements can avoid a complete lowering of the reinforcing elements. Therefore, the vertical position of the prefabricated component to the concrete layer is set in a desired manner, so that the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art are avoided.

Another advantage of using the prefabricated component is that the often soft but relatively voluminous insulation material, which at least partially surrounds the brittle reinforcing structure during the entire transport to and storage on the construction site, thus protects or stabilizes it.

The next advantage is that through the use of the prefabricated component transport volume is saved:

In a method according to the DE 100 07 100 B4 Both insulation elements and first reinforcement elements bind transport and storage volumes. When using the prefabricated component, these volumes are needed only once.

From a concrete component, which consists of only a concrete layer and a prefabricated component, a sandwich element can be produced in an advantageous manner, although on the side facing away from the first concrete layer side of the prefabricated component another second concrete layer is applied. This is best done while the first concrete layer and the prefabricated structural element are still in the form of a formwork. Of course, the application of the second concrete layer is also possible at a later date.

The two concrete layers can be of different thickness and even different concrete can be used for their production. Thus, the first concrete layer may be thinner than the second. For the production of the thinner layer, concrete with a finer grain size than for the production of the thicker layer can be used. Often the thinner layer consists of "exposed concrete". It is often the attachment shell. Attachment shells are often visible on building fronts. The thicker layer is often the tray.

At least some of the textile reinforcement structures contain three-dimensional textile lattice structures. Such structures can be prepared prior to the production of the prefabricated component and bring in the desired shape. The lattice structures absorb surface loads well and, if necessary, transfer them into the concrete matrix. In the case of plate-shaped components or prefabricated components, it is advantageous if a part of the lattice structures runs parallel to the plate plane. A "three-dimensional textile lattice structure" is u.a. if a reinforcing grid made of textile reinforcement material - such as glass fiber or carbon fiber - is shaped so that it leaves the plane.

In the manufacture of the prefabricated component, first insulation elements can be introduced into recesses of the first reinforcement elements. This can go so far that a positive connection between these parts comes about. However, it may also be that a first reinforcement structure only "loosely surrounds" an insulation element and the projection of the respective reinforcing structure projects beyond the insulation material and is anchored in the concrete matrix after the concrete component has been produced. In the latter case, such a reinforcing element thus simultaneously serves as a connection element in the sense of the present document.

The recesses may be U-shaped. For the production of this form originally flat textile mesh can be bent. In the area of the U-shaped recesses, areas of or of the insulation element can then be introduced, for example, which are in turn formed plate-shaped. Of course, the one or more insulating elements may be formed plate-shaped in their entirety and z. B. present as Styrofoam or foam board. Plate-shaped insulation elements are particularly advantageous if the entire prefabricated component is to assume a plate-like shape. In these cases, the length and width of the device is a multiple of its depth.

It is advantageous in this context, if the U-shaped cross-section of at least one recess in the plane, which is spanned by the spatial direction of the depth and the length or width of the component is located.

In the manufacture of the prefabricated component, it is advantageous if first thermal insulation elements in viscous form - that is often in the form of foam or a liquid - are introduced into the component. The advantages of foaming or pouring out essential parts of the first reinforcing structure are particularly evident in textile-reinforced concrete, since such reinforcing structures are often more filigree and more fragile than structural steel. Both during pouring or foaming large volume components as well as when using already cured insulation elements, it is possible to produce components whose insulation elements have a large density. This tightness increases the insulation capacity of the concrete component. In addition, this tightness strengthens the "buoyancy" that the prefabricated component experiences on the first concrete layer and thus counteracts the above-described excessive sinking of the reinforcing structures on.

This effect is further enhanced if the prefabricated component with the usual tolerances - which are not insignificant in the construction sector - fits into the form of the first layer of concrete. In this case, no appreciable displacement of concrete can take place any more so that the prefabricated component remains in the position set by the thickness of the concrete layer during hardening.

The methods described above show that the use of prefabricated components of the type described is advantageous. These components already comprise first textile reinforcement structures and first insulation elements, so that the operations that are necessary for "bringing together" these two elements normally on a construction site (in-situ concrete) or in a concrete plant (precast concrete elements) are omitted at these exposed locations. The prefabricated components can in this case with little concrete or steel be acted upon or they can be designed completely free of concrete or steel, so that their transport weight remains low.

As already mentioned above, textile reinforcement structures are reinforcement structures containing materials of textile construction. These include mineral fibers, of which v.a. Glass, ceramic and basalt fibers belong. In addition, the group of organic fibers plays a role, which includes carbon fiber materials or carbon fibers, aramid fibers and possibly even polymer fibers such as polypropylene fibers. The former fiberglass materials are often embedded in a plastic matrix in this context to protect the glass from the basic environment of the concrete.

Often, fiber meshes are used to form reinforcing meshes that are similar in shape to structural steel meshes. Such grids are produced as a fabric, but preferably as a scrim.

The term "thermal insulation elements" is based on the understanding of those skilled in the art: this component of the component, which are made of materials that are commonly used for thermal insulation, under "thermal insulation elements" subsumed. Styrofoam or Polyuretanschaum (generic term plastic foam materials) belong in this category. Furthermore, mineral wool materials such as glass and rock wool should be mentioned. Even materials based on textile waste belong to this category.

More recently, mineral "foam materials" such as foam glass are used.

As mentioned, such components can be used with advantage and profit in the field of in-situ concrete and in the production of precast concrete elements. The latter use appears even the most advantageous.

It is advantageous if prefabricated components are equipped with connection elements. Connecting elements protrude beyond the first insulation elements, so that they can intervene in their processing into concrete components in a concrete matrix. Suitable connection elements can be well connected with other reinforcement structures. For this purpose, the shape of a connection element can be optimized (eg in such a way that it has a round bar in the Form-fitting encompasses). For optimal embedding in a concrete matrix, certain shapes may be provided, which are mentioned again in the present description.

Much of the demand for concrete components of the type described is expected to be in the area of wall construction. Accordingly, it is advantageous to perform the prefabricated component and the concrete component plate-shaped. This means that the length and width of the generally rectangular or square components is much greater than its depth. In the case of the flat finished concrete components, different lattice structures - whether formed from textile material or from metal - extend in sections parallel to one another.

It is advantageous if the prefabricated component has a largely plate-like shape, wherein the possibly existing connection elements can reach beyond the plate-like body. The plate-like body may be filled by the first reinforcing elements and the first insulating elements.

The first thermal insulation elements form a barrier against the outflow of heat. It is therefore advantageous if the first thermal insulation elements are not penetrated by metals and / or concrete. In particular, in the case of plate-like components, it is advantageous if the first insulation elements define a plane which is not penetrated or penetrated by the abovementioned substances.

Further embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description. The description is limited to essential features of the invention, wherein the individual features are generally used advantageously in all embodiments.

The figures are complementary to use.

The technical features of the individual embodiments can be used in the rule in connection with all embodiments of the invention advantageous.

Fig. 1

Figur 1 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines vorgefertigten Bauelements das gerade zusammengestellt wird.

Fig. 2

Figur 2 zeigt das vorgefertigte Bauelement von Figur 1 von oben

Fig. 3

Figur 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des vorgefertigten Bauelements von Figur 1 dem gerade erste thermische Isolationselemente hinzugefügt werden.

Fig. 4

Figur 4 zeigt eine Abwandlung das vorgefertigten Bauelements von Figur 3 in der Seitenansicht

Fig. 5

Figur 5 zeigt eine Fortbildung das vorgefertigten Bauelements von Figur 4 in der Seitenansicht (mit weiteren Bewehrungsstrukturen)

Fig. 6

Figur 6 zeigt eine erste Betonschicht in einer Schalform

Fig. 7

Figur 7 zeigt das vorgefertigten Bauelements von Figur 4 in einer Schalform und mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Betonschicht

Fig. 8

Figur 8 zeigt einen Fertigungszustand eines anderen vorgefertigten Bauelements

Fig. 9

Figur 9 zeigt das vorgefertigte Bauelement aus Figur 8 in seinem Endzustand als Bestandteil eines Betonbauteils

Fig. 10

Figur 10 zeigt die Bestandteile eines Abstandshalters, wie er in den Figuren 1 bis 7 gezeigt ist, als Explosionsskizze

Fig. 11

Figur 11 zeigt eine Fortbildung des Betonbauteils aus Figur 9

Fig. 12

Figur 12 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Betonbauteils

Hereinafter, some selected embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the figures.

Fig. 1

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a prefabricated component which is being assembled.

Fig. 2

FIG. 2 shows the prefabricated component of FIG. 1 from above

Fig. 3

FIG. 3 shows a side view of the prefabricated component of FIG. 1 the first thermal insulation elements are added.

Fig. 4

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the prefabricated component of FIG. 3 in the side view

Fig. 5

FIG. 5 shows a training the prefabricated device of FIG. 4 in the side view (with further reinforcement structures)

Fig. 6

FIG. 6 shows a first concrete layer in a form of a formwork

Fig. 7

FIG. 7 shows the prefabricated component of FIG. 4 in a form and with a first and a second layer of concrete

Fig. 8

FIG. 8 shows a manufacturing state of another prefabricated component

Fig. 9

FIG. 9 shows the prefabricated component FIG. 8 in its final state as part of a concrete component

Fig. 10

FIG. 10 shows the components of a spacer, as in the FIGS. 1 to 7 shown as an explosion sketch

Fig. 11

FIG. 11 shows a training of the concrete component FIG. 9

Fig. 12

FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of a concrete component

FIG. 1 shows a lying flat on the floor textile grid 1, on which a spacer 2 is placed. For the purpose of mounting the prefabricated component 3, the spacer can be locked to the textile grid 1 with a suitable adhesive. The spacer may be configured as a three-dimensional textile grid structure. In this case, it can be made by bending fabric lattices. Thus, two U-shaped grid components 4 and 5 can be formed and assembled into a double-T-shaped structure ( FIG. 10 ). The adhesion between the two grid components 4 and 5 can be brought about by adhesive. To mention still remains that the radii the connection between the legs 7 of the spacer 2 and its cross-connection 21 in the figures are shown very small. In general, it will come to significantly larger radii here.

In FIG. 1 Thus, the textile grid 1 and the spacer 2 are already part of the first reinforcement structures 18.

FIG. 2 shows the same state of manufacture of the same component 3 from above. On the basis of the hatching lines it is indicated that the fiber strands of the textile grid 1 have a 90 ° or 180 ° orientation to the edges of the textile grid 1. The orientation of the fiber strands that make up the spacer 2 are rotated by 45 ° with respect to the orientation of the fiber strands of the textile grid 1, which is advantageous. Depending on the application, however, other angles such as 0 ° or 30 ° are possible.

FIG. 3 shows a slightly more advanced state of manufacture of the same component 3. The insulation elements 6 have already been inserted into the device. Based on FIGS. 3 and 10 It is also clear that the spacer 2 and its components have several functions:

The legs 7 of the spacer 2 surround the ends of the insulation elements 6, which are designed plate-shaped. Thus, the leg 7 define the recesses 8, in which the insulation elements 6 are inserted.

The prefabricated component 3 from FIG. 4 contains in addition to the in FIG. 3 These provide for the maintenance of a distance between the insulation elements 6 and the legs 7 of the spacer 2. Also, the spacer element 10 maintains the distance between the textile grid 1 and the insulating member 6 upright. The meaning of this measure is based on the FIG. 7 clear:

The legs 7 of the spacer 2 and the textile grid engage deeply in the concrete matrix of the first concrete layer 11, so that the leg 7 here also acts as a connection element 19 in the sense of the term formation of the present document.

The structure of the prefabricated component 3 from FIG. 5 initially corresponds to the already in relation to FIG. 4 Said, the upper ones Spacers 9 define a slightly greater distance than the corresponding spacers 9 in FIG. 4 , In FIG. 5 However, it is already possible to see another second reinforcing structure 12, which has been additionally installed. In the present embodiment, this reinforcement structure is made of metal. It can be attached in a conventional way to the prefabricated component which is supplied metal-free in a concrete factory or on a construction site. For this purpose, z. B. steel wire can be used.

FIG. 6 shows a formwork 13 with a first layer of concrete 11. In such a form of shell 13, a prefabricated component 3 can be lowered. It is advantageous if a prefabricated component 3 with the industry-standard tolerances fits into the form 13 (in this case, it is meant in particular in the l / b plane).

FIG. 7 shows a situation in which the prefabricated component FIG. 5 in the form of the FIG. 6 , which was already filled with a first concrete layer 11, was lowered. FIG. 7 also shows that a second concrete layer 14 is already applied to the prefabricated component. This second concrete layer is reinforced by the second reinforcing structure 12. After curing of the concrete layers 11 and 14, a finished concrete component 15 can be removed from the formwork 13.

FIG. 8 shows a manufacturing state of another prefabricated component 3, the three-dimensional textile reinforcing structures, which in FIG. 8 show a sinusoidal cross-section. Such reinforcement structures can also be achieved by subjecting textile meshes such as the textile grid 1 to a forming process. In particular, in the case of more complicated textile structures of the type shown, it is advantageous if insulation elements 6 are brought into a viscous state in conjunction with the first reinforcement elements. At the bottom of the FIG. 8 For example, the mold layer 16 is shown. Such a layer may, for. B. of sand or a heavy medium. As mentioned, the first reinforcing structures 18 have a sinusoidal cross-section. Over the mold layer 16 viscous insulating material 17 is applied, which cures in the course of time to first insulation elements 6. The mold layer 16 can typically be used in the manufacture of a plurality of prefabricated components 3. If the mold layer 16 of a granular or For this purpose, a smoothing of the surface of the mold layer can be made before a new prefabricated component 3 is further refined using the same mold layer. The new prefabricated component 3 is then pressed back into the mold layer 16, so that a part of the connection elements 19 dips into this layer 16 and thus can not be enclosed by viscous insulation material 17.

If a heavy liquid - on which a preferably foam-like layer of viscous insulation material floats - is used as the shaping layer 16, such active smoothing of the surface of the shaping layer 16 should be superfluous.

In FIG. 9 a prefabricated component 3 is shown, which was manufactured in the manner described. The first thermal insulation elements 6 are already hardened. The first and second concrete layers 11, 14 are already present, so that it is possible to speak of a concrete component-here a "sandwich component".

To mention remains in the FIGS. 8 and 9 shown horizontal reinforcement member 20, which improves the anchoring of the first reinforcing elements 18 in the second concrete layer 14.

In general, it is advantageous if the insulation elements (6) of prefabricated components (15) are not penetrated by highly heat-conducting materials such as metals or concrete.

In the figures described above plate-shaped prefabricated components 3 and concrete components 15 are shown, which in turn contain predominantly plate-shaped isolation elements (6). In these bodies, "plate-shaped" means that their depth t is significantly less than their length I or width b. In particular, in the case of such components 15, it is advantageous if the insulation elements define a plane (here in the direction I and B) which is not penetrated by materials which conduct more heat.

It is also advantageous if concrete components 15 have a plurality of lattice-like reinforcement structures (for example made of any desired material) that run in the l- and b-directions.

The FIG. 11 shows a concrete component 15, the on FIG. 9 based. In addition to the features of the concrete component 15 shown there are in FIG. 11 the cross-sectional areas of the transverse rods 22 are shown, which are received in a form-fitting manner in the first reinforcing structures 18. The transverse rods 22 also improve considerably the anchoring of the first reinforcing structures 18 or of the entire prefabricated structural element 3 in the first concrete layer 11. The cross bars may be made of metal or of a textile reinforcement material.

In FIG. 12 an embodiment of another component 3 is shown. This device has two relatively thin concrete layers 11 and 14, which are advantageously approximately equally pronounced. Both concrete layers can be made of exposed concrete and so z. B. as screens z. B. serve in garage construction.

In a part of the concrete components 15 shown, it is advantageous to take the component 15 after setting of the first concrete layer 11 of the formwork 13 and rotate to finally produce the second concrete layer 14 in the same or another form of shell 13. This then takes place analogously to the production of the first concrete layer 11: The second concrete layer 14 is formed in the formwork 13 and the rest of the later component is lowered onto the second concrete layer.

In addition to the insulation materials already mentioned above, it should also be added that their mechanical properties can also play a significant role. In the case of suitable foam materials, a distinction is often made between soft and hard foam materials.

Among the problems of processing textile reinforcement materials is the lack of accessibility of the reinforcement structures. In particular, with the help of hard insulation materials - such as rigid foam - as part of the prefabricated components 3, however, at least walk-in zones can be created even before the respective concrete layers have cured.

As mentioned earlier, the first reinforcement structures 18 contain textile reinforcement structures. It has also proven to be advantageous in all embodiments of the invention, including the reinforcements of the concrete layers - so possibly the first 11 and / or the second concrete layer 14 - to be provided with textile reinforcement structures. This can go so far that one or both of these concrete layers 11 and 14 are steel-free. Possibly. then the entire concrete component can be steel-free and thus free of metallic components.

The above measures are particularly advantageous in the last embodiment of a concrete component or its production applicable, the or against the background of FIG. 12 was explained. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 textile grids 2 spacer 3 module 4 U-shaped lattice component 5 U-shaped lattice component 6 insulation elements 7 Leg (of spacer 2) 8th Recess (of the spacer 2) 9 spacer 10 spacer 11 first concrete layer 12 second reinforcement structure 13 scarf shape 14 second concrete layer 15 concrete component 16 mold layer 17 viscous insulation material 18 first reinforcement structures 19 connection elements 20 horizontal reinforcement part 21 Cross connection 21 of the spacer 2 22 cross bar

Claims (14)

1. Method for producing a concrete component,
   characterized by the following method steps:

   - producing a prefabricated structural element (3) which comprises first reinforcing structures (18), which have three-dimensional textile grid structures, and first thermal insulation elements (6),

   - pouring concrete into a formwork mould (13) to form a first concrete layer (11),

   - lowering the prefabricated structural element (3) onto the first concrete layer (11).
2. Method according to the preceding claim,
   characterized in that
   a second concrete layer (14) is applied to the prefabricated structural element (3).
3. Method according to the preceding claim,
   characterized in that,
   during the production of the prefabricated structural element (3), first insulating elements (6) are introduced into recesses (8) of the first textile reinforcing structures (18), which at least partially enclose them.
4. Method according to the preceding claim,
   characterized in that
   use is made of textile grid structures which have u-shaped recesses into which there are introduced the constituent parts of the first insulation elements (6), which are plate-shaped.
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that,
   during the production of the prefabricated structural element (3), first thermal insulation elements (6) in the form of liquids or foam are introduced into the region of the first reinforcing structures (18).
6. Method according to the preceding claim,
   characterized in that
   the prefabricated structural element (3) is equipped with connection elements (19),

   - which connection elements (19) are constituent parts of the first reinforcing structures (18), or are fixedly connected to said structures (18), already at the time at which a liquid or foam is introduced into the region of the first reinforcing structures (18),

   - and which connection elements (19) extend beyond the region which is filled with foam or liquids,

   - and which connection elements (19) engage in a mould layer (16) of soft, pulverulent and/or viscous material while the foam or the liquid is curing.
7. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   at least the first concrete layer (11) is formed in a formwork mould (13), and in that the prefabricated structural element (3), on being lowered onto the first concrete layer (11), fits into said formwork with the conventional technical accuracy.
8. Prefabricated structural element of a concrete component,
   characterized by:

   - first reinforcing structures (18) which have three-dimensional textile grid structures,

   - first thermal insulation elements (6).
9. Prefabricated structural element according to the preceding claim,
   characterized by
   connection elements (19),

   - which connection elements (19) are constituent parts of the first reinforcing structures (18) or are fixedly connected to said structures (18),

   - which connection elements (19) extend beyond the insulation elements (6),

   - and which connection elements (19) are suitable for connection to second reinforcing structures (12) and/or for firm embedding in a concrete matrix.
10. Prefabricated structural element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized by
    an approximately flat shape in which the length (1) and width (b) of the structural element are a multiple of its depth (t).
11. Prefabricated structural element according to the preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    the first reinforcing structures (18) and the first insulation elements (6) substantially fill the platelike shape of the prefabricated structural element (3).
12. Prefabricated structural element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the insulation elements (6) define a plane which is not pierced by materials of high thermal conductivity - such as metals.
13. Prefabricated structural element according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the first thermal insulation elements (6) comprise foam-like insulation materials.
14. Concrete component,
    characterized by
    a prefabricated structural element (3) according to one of the preceding Claims 8-13.

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