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EP3008773B1 - Method for radioelectrifying an urban furniture object and object radioelectrified in this way - Google Patents

Method for radioelectrifying an urban furniture object and object radioelectrified in this way Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3008773B1
EP3008773B1 EP14734889.0A EP14734889A EP3008773B1 EP 3008773 B1 EP3008773 B1 EP 3008773B1 EP 14734889 A EP14734889 A EP 14734889A EP 3008773 B1 EP3008773 B1 EP 3008773B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
post
antenna
superimposed parts
forming
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP14734889.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3008773A1 (en
Inventor
Sébastien PALUD
Laurent LEZE
Jacques MAINGUET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
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Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
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Publication of EP3008773A1 publication Critical patent/EP3008773A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1242—Rigid masts specially adapted for supporting an aerial
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/12—Longitudinally slotted cylinder antennas; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/20—Two collinear substantially straight active elements; Substantially straight single active elements
    • H01Q9/22—Rigid rod or equivalent tubular element or elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for radioelectrifying an object installed in a public space, for example an element of street furniture, as well as such an object radioelectrified by the implementation of this method.
  • antennas of the whip, propeller or analogous
  • objects installed in public spaces and serving as a supporting structure, such as lampposts, traffic light poles, bus shelters, etc.
  • the antennas When the antennas are placed on the supporting structure, they are visible and subject to climatic constraints. They can also be easily damaged and make the communication system inoperative. Furthermore, the radioelectric performance obtained is very often very variable, as a function of the frequency, since it strongly depends on the shape and dimensions of this supporting structure. In addition, in order to have relatively discrete antenna systems, the antennas are generally small with respect to the working wavelength, so that the efficiency of the antenna system is very often low in the HF band and VHF, with gains that can be largely negative.
  • the antennas When the antennas are placed inside the supporting structure itself, the latter must benefit from a dielectric opening, in order to allow radiation.
  • the overall efficiency is however strongly correlated with the size of this opening and, in the HF and VHF bands, this dimension is very often small with regard to the working wavelength, so that the performances are often mediocre, or even bad.
  • the increase in the performance of the system must then go through a significant modification of the supporting structure, which is not always possible.
  • the radiation efficiency is directly dependent on the coupling induced between the supporting structure and the antenna which is integrated therein. This coupling is however mainly weak, to very weak, and the radiation patterns are very strongly dependent on the positioning of the antenna and on the working frequency.
  • the patent document US 2010/0231469 describes an antenna device intended for radio-mobile communications comprising a post at least partially metallic and at least partially hollow and vertical, at one end of which is arranged a plurality of antenna elements, said end being made of a material letting radiofrequency waves pass.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to obtain discrete and efficient antenna systems, with omnidirectional radiation with vertical polarization in the HF, VHF and near UHF band.
  • the invention proposes an object of street furniture according to claim 1.
  • object of street furniture is meant an equipment of the public space related to traffic, lighting, cleanliness, comfort, advertising, etc.
  • this base may be able to at least partially form the lower part of said antenna.
  • said post may comprise three superimposed parts, two or two electrically isolated, only two of which form said antenna.
  • Said object thus radioelectrified may comprise a block of dielectric material placed inside said post, providing electrical insulation between said two superimposed parts and participating at least partially in the mechanical connection between the latter. It can also carry a metal rod embedded longitudinally in said block of dielectric material and participating at least partially, with said block of dielectric material, in the mechanical connection between said two superimposed parts.
  • said metal rod In the case where said object is powered by an electronic antenna device located on the side of one of said two superimposed parts, it is advantageous for said metal rod to provide the electrical connection between the other of said two superimposed parts and said electronic antenna device .
  • said metal rod it is advantageous for said metal rod to be able to form an impedance adapter between said electronic antenna device and said antenna thus formed.
  • the dimensions of this impedance adapter are a function of the relative permittivity of the dielectric at the working frequency.
  • the invention also relates to a method for radioelectrifying an object of street furniture according to claim 8.
  • a directly radioelectrified object is obtained, radiating by itself, which can be used for transmission, as well as for reception, and making it possible to avoid the use of an attached external antenna, often fragile, unsightly, poorly effective and susceptible to vandalization.
  • the object of the public space thus radioelectrified does not allow any external attached antenna to appear, this object having an unchanged external appearance compared to the same non-radioelectrified object.
  • the radiation efficiency of the radioelectrified object is good and its radiation pattern is horizontally omnidirectional and frequency stable.
  • the method according to the present invention can not only be implemented during the manufacture of said public space object, in particular street furniture, but also make it possible to modify and equip already usual public space objects. installed in public spaces.
  • the method according to the present invention applies most particularly to objects of public space whose structure originally comprises at least one post, such as lampposts, traffic lights, shelters. bus, parking ban posts, etc.
  • Said two superimposed parts can be radioelectrically at least substantially equivalent and the largest dimension of said two superimposed parts can preferably be between 0.125 and 1 times the wavelength associated with the working frequency.
  • the street furniture element I is, for example, of the lamppost type and comprises a barrel formed by a vertical metal post 2 of metric size.
  • the metal post 2 consists of two superimposed parts, namely a lower part 2I and an upper part 2S, separated by an annular slot 3 and electrically insulated from each other by an internal block of dielectric material 4. The latter is only visible at the level of the annular slot 3.
  • the lower part 2I comprises a base 5 for fixing to the ground.
  • the two superimposed parts 2I and 2S of the metal post 2 of the figures 1 to 3 form a horizontally omnidirectional radiating antenna and, to do this, they are substantially equivalent and / or constitute a significant fraction of the wavelength associated with the frequency or frequency band at which said antenna must work.
  • the superimposed parts 2I and 2S have their largest dimension between 0.125 and 1 times this working wavelength.
  • the antenna formed by the parts 2I, 2S is associated with an electronic antenna device 6 connected to them by an internal coaxial cable 7: in the example shown in figures 2 and 3 , the inner 7i and outer 7e conductors of the coaxial cable 7 respectively supply the upper part 2S and the lower part 2I of the metal post 2.
  • the electronic device 6 is placed outside the metal pole 2, it goes without saying that this electronic device 6 could be housed inside said metal pole 2.
  • the electronic device 6 can be self-sufficient in energy (batteries) or well being supplied by a usual electrical energy transport circuit (not shown).
  • the upper 2S and lower 2I parts of the post 2 are kept at a distance from each other by the assembly of the block of dielectric material 4, of the rod 8 and of the plate 9, this assembly also making it possible to mechanically securing said upper 2S and lower 2I parts, while ensuring the electrical discontinuity formed by the annular slot 3 filled by a part of the dielectric block 4 and the electrical supply via the conductors 7i and 7e.
  • the electrically conductive rod 8 may be cylindrical and constitute one or more quarter-wave transformers at the preferred working frequency.
  • the diameters of each transformer can also be adjusted so as to best transform the input impedance of the pole into the characteristic impedance of the transmission line formed by the coaxial cable 7.
  • this transmission line. transmission can also be constituted by a two-wire line or by a waveguide with a coaxial guide transition at the top.
  • the conductive rod 8 can also be of conical section (and not cylindrical) and of dimension greater than or equal to a quarter wave of the low operating frequency. If a very low standing wave ratio is required to operate the associated electronic device 6, a customary passive matching circuit can also be added to either end of the transmission line 7.
  • annular slot 3 As shown in the street furniture element II of the figure 4 , in order to strengthen the electrical insulation between the lower 2I and upper 2S parts of the post 2, it is possible to provide, in addition to the annular slot 3, at least one additional annular slot 10, the latter interrupting the lower part 2I facing the block of dielectric material 4 and being filled with a part of the latter.
  • This annular slot 10 can be found at any location along said block 4 and, for example, at the level of the plate 9 (situation not shown).
  • the electrically conductive rod 8 constitutes an impedance transformer allowing an optimization of the adaptation to the transmission line 7.
  • this rod 8, embedded in the block of dielectric material 4, at least partly ensures the rigidity and robustness of the set of the two parts 2I, 2S of the post 2.
  • the two superimposed parts 2I and 2S may only be formed in a longitudinal portion of said post, the remaining longitudinal portion thereof not being formed. not participating in the antenna system.
  • Such an embodiment III is shown in figure 5 , where we find the embodiment of figures 1 to 3 surmounted by an electromagnetically inactive end part 2E.
  • Parts 2S and 2E are electrically isolated from each other by a dielectric block 11 and a slot 12 (see figure 6 ).
  • the dielectric block 11 fills the slot 12 and provides the mechanical connection between said parts 2S and 2E.
  • the metal base for fixing to the ground 5 is large enough to represent a significant fraction of wavelength and the length of the lower part 2I carrying the electronic antenna device 6 is reduced.
  • the upper part 2S has a dimension comprised between 0.125 and 1 times the working wavelength, while the metal fixing base 5 has dimensions of at least 0.25 x 0.25 times said length. working wave.
  • This metal fixing base 5, which forms the ground plane of the antenna of embodiment IV can be of any shape, but preferably this shape is symmetrical, in order to promote omnidirectional radiation.
  • the power supply to the antenna of the embodiment IV is similar to that of the antenna of Embodiment I (see figure 3 ), the dielectric block 4 and the rod 8 being reduced accordingly.
  • This embodiment IV forms an antenna close to a monopole antenna.
  • the lower part 2I may not exist and may be completely replaced electrically by the fixing base 5.
  • the two superimposed parts 2I and 2S may only be formed in a longitudinal portion of said post, the remaining longitudinal portion of that - here not participating in the antenna system.
  • Such an embodiment V is shown in figure 9 , where we find the embodiment of figures 7 and 8 surmounted by an electromagnetically inactive end part 2E.
  • parts 2S and 2E are electrically isolated from each other by a dielectric block 11 and a slot 12 (see figure 6 ).
  • the dielectric block 11 fills the slot 12 and provides the mechanical connection between said parts 2S and 2E.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour radioélectrifier un objet installé dans un espace public, par exemple un élément de mobilier urbain, ainsi qu'un tel objet radioélectrifié par la mise en œuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a method for radioelectrifying an object installed in a public space, for example an element of street furniture, as well as such an object radioelectrified by the implementation of this method.

On sait que, afin de satisfaire des services de communication spécifiques, tels que services de police, de gendarmerie, de pompiers, d'aviation civile, de transports, etc., il est usuel de disposer des antennes (de type fouet, hélice ou analogue) sur des objets installés dans l'espace public et servant de structure porteuse, tels que lampadaires, poteaux de feux de signalisation, abris d'autobus, etc.We know that, in order to satisfy specific communication services, such as the police, gendarmerie, fire brigade, civil aviation, transport, etc., it is usual to have antennas (of the whip, propeller or analogous) on objects installed in public spaces and serving as a supporting structure, such as lampposts, traffic light poles, bus shelters, etc.

Lorsque les antennes sont placées sur la structure porteuse, elles sont apparentes et soumises aux contraintes climatiques. Elles peuvent également être facilement détériorées et rendre le système de communication inopérant. Par ailleurs, les performances radioélectriques obtenues sont bien souvent très variables, en fonction de la fréquence, car dépendant fortement de la forme et des dimensions de cette structure porteuse. De plus, afin d'avoir des systèmes antennaires relativement discrets, les antennes sont en règle générale petites vis-à-vis de la longueur d'onde de travail, de sorte que le rendement du système antennaire est bien souvent faible en bande HF et VHF, avec des gains pouvant être largement négatifs.When the antennas are placed on the supporting structure, they are visible and subject to climatic constraints. They can also be easily damaged and make the communication system inoperative. Furthermore, the radioelectric performance obtained is very often very variable, as a function of the frequency, since it strongly depends on the shape and dimensions of this supporting structure. In addition, in order to have relatively discrete antenna systems, the antennas are generally small with respect to the working wavelength, so that the efficiency of the antenna system is very often low in the HF band and VHF, with gains that can be largely negative.

Lorsque les antennes sont placées à l'intérieur même de la structure porteuse, celle-ci doit bénéficier d'une ouverture diélectrique, afin de permettre le rayonnement. Le rendement global est cependant fortement corrélé à la dimension de cette ouverture et, dans les bandes HF et VHF, cette dimension est bien souvent petite eu égard à la longueur d'onde de travail, de sorte que les performances s'avèrent souvent médiocres, voire mauvaises. L'augmentation des performances du système doit alors passer par une modification significative de la structure porteuse, ce qui n'est pas toujours possible. Dans la très grande majorité des configurations, l'efficacité en rayonnement est directement fonction du couplage induit entre la structure porteuse et l'antenne qui y est intégrée. Ce couplage est cependant majoritairement faible, à très faible, et les diagrammes de rayonnement sont très fortement tributaires du positionnement de l'antenne et de la fréquence de travail.When the antennas are placed inside the supporting structure itself, the latter must benefit from a dielectric opening, in order to allow radiation. The overall efficiency is however strongly correlated with the size of this opening and, in the HF and VHF bands, this dimension is very often small with regard to the working wavelength, so that the performances are often mediocre, or even bad. The increase in the performance of the system must then go through a significant modification of the supporting structure, which is not always possible. In the vast majority of configurations, the radiation efficiency is directly dependent on the coupling induced between the supporting structure and the antenna which is integrated therein. This coupling is however mainly weak, to very weak, and the radiation patterns are very strongly dependent on the positioning of the antenna and on the working frequency.

Le document de brevet US 2010/0231469 décrit un dispositif d'antenne destiné à des communications radio-mobiles comprenant un poteau au moins partiellement métallique et au moins partiellement creux et vertical, à une extrémité duquel est disposée une pluralité d'éléments d'antennes, ladite extrémité étant réalisée en un matériau laissant passer les ondes radiofréquences.The patent document US 2010/0231469 describes an antenna device intended for radio-mobile communications comprising a post at least partially metallic and at least partially hollow and vertical, at one end of which is arranged a plurality of antenna elements, said end being made of a material letting radiofrequency waves pass.

La présente invention a pour objet de remédier à ces inconvénients et d'obtenir des systèmes antennaires discrets et performants, à rayonnement omnidirectionnel à polarisation verticale en bande HF, VHF et proche UHF.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to obtain discrete and efficient antenna systems, with omnidirectional radiation with vertical polarization in the HF, VHF and near UHF band.

À cette fin, l'invention propose un objet de mobilier urbain selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention proposes an object of street furniture according to claim 1.

On entend par objet de mobilier urbain un équipement de l'espace public lié à la circulation, à l'éclairage, à la propreté, au confort, à la publicité, etc.By object of street furniture is meant an equipment of the public space related to traffic, lighting, cleanliness, comfort, advertising, etc.

Dans le cas où ledit poteau comporte une embase de fixation au sol réalisée en une matière électriquement conductrice, cette embase peut être apte à former au moins partiellement la partie inférieure de ladite antenne.In the case where said post comprises a base for fixing to the ground made of an electrically conductive material, this base may be able to at least partially form the lower part of said antenna.

Par ailleurs, notamment dans le cas où la longueur du poteau représente plusieurs longueurs d'onde à la fréquence de travail, ledit poteau peut comporter trois parties superposées, deux à deux électriquement isolées, dont seulement deux desquelles forment ladite antenne.Furthermore, in particular in the case where the length of the post represents several wavelengths at the working frequency, said post may comprise three superimposed parts, two or two electrically isolated, only two of which form said antenna.

Ledit objet ainsi radioélectrifié peut comporter un bloc de matériau diélectrique disposé à l'intérieur dudit poteau, assurant l'isolation électrique entre lesdites deux parties superposées et participant au moins partiellement à la liaison mécanique entre ces dernières. Il peut de plus porter une tige métallique encastrée longitudinalement dans ledit bloc de matériau diélectrique et participant au moins partiellement, avec ledit bloc de matériau diélectrique, à la liaison mécanique entre lesdites deux parties superposées.Said object thus radioelectrified may comprise a block of dielectric material placed inside said post, providing electrical insulation between said two superimposed parts and participating at least partially in the mechanical connection between the latter. It can also carry a metal rod embedded longitudinally in said block of dielectric material and participating at least partially, with said block of dielectric material, in the mechanical connection between said two superimposed parts.

Dans le cas où ledit objet est alimenté par un dispositif électronique antennaire se trouvant du côté de l'une desdites deux parties superposées, il est avantageux que ladite tige métallique assure la liaison électrique entre l'autre desdites deux parties superposées et ledit dispositif électronique antennaire.In the case where said object is powered by an electronic antenna device located on the side of one of said two superimposed parts, it is advantageous for said metal rod to provide the electrical connection between the other of said two superimposed parts and said electronic antenna device .

En outre, il est avantageux que ladite tige métallique soit apte à former un adaptateur d'impédance entre ledit dispositif électronique antennaire et ladite antenne ainsi constituée. Dans ce cas, les dimensions de cet adaptateur d'impédance sont fonction de la permittivité relative du diélectrique à la fréquence de travail.In addition, it is advantageous for said metal rod to be able to form an impedance adapter between said electronic antenna device and said antenna thus formed. In this case, the dimensions of this impedance adapter are a function of the relative permittivity of the dielectric at the working frequency.

L'invention concerne également un procédé pour radioélectrifier un objet de mobilier urbain selon la revendication 8.The invention also relates to a method for radioelectrifying an object of street furniture according to claim 8.

Ainsi, grâce à la présente invention, on obtient un objet directement radioélectrifié, rayonnant par lui-même, pouvant être utilisé à l'émission, comme à la réception, et permettant d'éviter l'utilisation d'une antenne extérieure rapportée, souvent fragile, peu esthétique, faiblement efficace et susceptible d'être vandalisée. L'objet de l'espace public ainsi radioélectrifié ne laisse apparaître aucune antenne rapportée extérieure, cet objet présentant un aspect extérieur inchangé par rapport au même objet non radioélectrifié. L'efficacité en rayonnement de l'objet radioélectrifié est bonne et son diagramme de rayonnement est horizontalement omnidirectionnel et stable en fréquence.Thus, thanks to the present invention, a directly radioelectrified object is obtained, radiating by itself, which can be used for transmission, as well as for reception, and making it possible to avoid the use of an attached external antenna, often fragile, unsightly, poorly effective and susceptible to vandalization. The object of the public space thus radioelectrified does not allow any external attached antenna to appear, this object having an unchanged external appearance compared to the same non-radioelectrified object. The radiation efficiency of the radioelectrified object is good and its radiation pattern is horizontally omnidirectional and frequency stable.

De plus, le procédé conforme à la présente invention peut non seulement être mis en œuvre lors de la fabrication dudit objet d'espace public, notamment de mobilier urbain, mais encore permettre de modifier et d'équiper des objets d'espace public usuels déjà installés dans l'espace public.In addition, the method according to the present invention can not only be implemented during the manufacture of said public space object, in particular street furniture, but also make it possible to modify and equip already usual public space objects. installed in public spaces.

On remarquera que, grâce à la présente invention, les objets de l'espace public, notamment de mobilier urbain peuvent être facilement rendus intelligents.It will be noted that, thanks to the present invention, objects in public space, in particular street furniture, can easily be made intelligent.

Bien que non exclusivement, il va de soi que le procédé conforme à la présente invention s'applique tout particulièrement à des objets d'espace public dont la structure comporte d'origine au moins un poteau, tels que lampadaires, feux de signalisation, abris d'autobus, potelets d'interdiction de stationnement, etc.Although not exclusively, it goes without saying that the method according to the present invention applies most particularly to objects of public space whose structure originally comprises at least one post, such as lampposts, traffic lights, shelters. bus, parking ban posts, etc.

Lesdites deux parties superposées peuvent être radioélectriquement au moins sensiblement équivalentes et la plus grande dimension desdites deux parties superposées peut de préférence être comprise entre 0,125 et 1 fois la longueur d'onde associée à la fréquence de travail.Said two superimposed parts can be radioelectrically at least substantially equivalent and the largest dimension of said two superimposed parts can preferably be between 0.125 and 1 times the wavelength associated with the working frequency.

Les figures du dessin annexé feront bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée. Sur ces figures, des références identiques désignent des éléments identiques.

  • La figure 1 montre, en vue extérieure schématique, un premier exemple de réalisation de l'élément de mobilier urbain conforme à la présente invention.
  • La figure 2 est une coupe longitudinale schématique partielle de l'élément de mobilier urbain montré par la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 montre, en coupe partielle agrandie, un exemple de réalisation de la partie d'alimentation et de jonction entre les deux parties superposées du poteau de l'élément de mobilier urbain des figures 1 et 2.
  • La figure 4 illustre, en coupe partielle agrandie semblable à la figure 3, un deuxième exemple de réalisation de l'élément urbain conforme à la présente invention.
  • La figure 5 montre, en vue extérieure schématique, un troisième exemple de réalisation de l'élément de mobilier urbain conforme à la présente invention.
  • La figure 6 est une coupe longitudinale partielle agrandie de la partie intermédiaire de l'élément de mobilier urbain de la figure 5.
  • La figure 7 montre, en vue extérieure schématique, un quatrième exemple de réalisation de l'élément de mobilier urbain conforme à la présente invention.
  • La figure 8 est une coupe longitudinale schématique partielle agrandie de la partie inférieure de l'élément de mobilier urbain de la figure 7.
  • La figure 9 montre, en vue extérieure schématique, un cinquième exemple de réalisation de l'élément de mobilier urbain conforme à la présente invention.
The figures of the appended drawing will make it easy to understand how the invention can be implemented. In these figures, identical references designate identical elements.
  • The figure 1 shows, in schematic external view, a first embodiment of the street furniture element according to the present invention.
  • The figure 2 is a partial schematic longitudinal section of the street furniture element shown by figure 1 .
  • The figure 3 shows, in enlarged partial section, an embodiment of the supply and junction part between the two superimposed parts of the post of the street furniture element of the figures 1 and 2 .
  • The figure 4 illustrates, in enlarged partial section similar to the figure 3 , a second embodiment of the urban element according to the present invention.
  • The figure 5 shows, in schematic exterior view, a third embodiment of the street furniture element according to the present invention.
  • The figure 6 is an enlarged partial longitudinal section of the intermediate part of the street furniture element of the figure 5 .
  • The figure 7 shows, in schematic exterior view, a fourth embodiment of the street furniture element according to the present invention.
  • The figure 8 is an enlarged partial schematic longitudinal section of the lower part of the street furniture element of the figure 7 .
  • The figure 9 shows, in schematic exterior view, a fifth embodiment of the street furniture element according to the present invention.

L'élément de mobilier urbain I, illustré par les figures 1 à 3, est, par exemple, du type lampadaire et comporte un fût formé par un poteau métallique vertical 2 de dimension métrique.The street furniture element I, illustrated by the figures 1 to 3 , is, for example, of the lamppost type and comprises a barrel formed by a vertical metal post 2 of metric size.

Le poteau métallique 2 est constitué de deux parties superposées, à savoir une partie inférieure 2I et une partie supérieure 2S, séparées par une fente annulaire 3 et électriquement isolées l'une de l'autre par un bloc interne de matériau diélectrique 4. Ce dernier est uniquement apparent au niveau de la fente annulaire 3. Du côté opposé à la partie supérieure 2S, la partie inférieure 2I comporte une embase 5 de fixation au sol.The metal post 2 consists of two superimposed parts, namely a lower part 2I and an upper part 2S, separated by an annular slot 3 and electrically insulated from each other by an internal block of dielectric material 4. The latter is only visible at the level of the annular slot 3. On the side opposite to the upper part 2S, the lower part 2I comprises a base 5 for fixing to the ground.

Les deux parties superposées 2I et 2S du poteau métallique 2 des figures 1 à 3 forment une antenne à rayonnement horizontalement omnidirectionnel et, pour ce faire, elles sont sensiblement équivalentes et/ou constituent une fraction significative de la longueur d'onde associée à la fréquence ou bande de fréquences auxquelles ladite antenne doit travailler. De préférence, les parties superposées 2I et 2S ont leur plus grande dimension comprise entre 0,125 et 1 fois cette longueur d'onde de travail.The two superimposed parts 2I and 2S of the metal post 2 of the figures 1 to 3 form a horizontally omnidirectional radiating antenna and, to do this, they are substantially equivalent and / or constitute a significant fraction of the wavelength associated with the frequency or frequency band at which said antenna must work. Preferably, the superimposed parts 2I and 2S have their largest dimension between 0.125 and 1 times this working wavelength.

À l'antenne formée par les parties 2I, 2S, est associé un dispositif électronique antennaire 6 relié à ces dernières par un câble coaxial interne 7 : dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, les conducteurs intérieur 7i et extérieur 7e du câble coaxial 7 alimentent respectivement la partie supérieure 2S et la partie inférieure 2I du poteau métallique 2.The antenna formed by the parts 2I, 2S is associated with an electronic antenna device 6 connected to them by an internal coaxial cable 7: in the example shown in figures 2 and 3 , the inner 7i and outer 7e conductors of the coaxial cable 7 respectively supply the upper part 2S and the lower part 2I of the metal post 2.

Bien que, sur les figures 1, 2 et 3, le dispositif électronique 6 soit disposé à l'extérieur du poteau métallique 2, il va de soi que ce dispositif électronique 6 pourrait être logé à l'intérieur dudit poteau métallique 2. Le dispositif électronique 6 peut être autonome en énergie (batteries) ou bien être alimenté par un circuit de transport d'énergie électrique usuel (non représenté).Although, on figures 1, 2 and 3 , the electronic device 6 is placed outside the metal pole 2, it goes without saying that this electronic device 6 could be housed inside said metal pole 2. The electronic device 6 can be self-sufficient in energy (batteries) or well being supplied by a usual electrical energy transport circuit (not shown).

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 3, dans l'exemple d'élément de mobilier urbain I représenté :

  • le bloc interne de matériau diélectrique 4 est traversé longitudinalement, de préférence avec encastrement, par une tige métallique électriquement conductrice 8, dont l'extrémité supérieure 8s est solidarisée de la partie supérieure 2S du poteau 2 (par exemple par vissage) et dont l'extrémité inférieure 8i est solidaire du conducteur intérieur 7i du câble coaxial 7 ;
  • à l'intérieur de la partie inférieure 2I du poteau 2 est disposée une platine en une matière électriquement conductrice 9, qui est reliée électriquement à ladite partie inférieure 2I (par exemple, à l'aide de pinces et/ou de vis non représentées) et sur laquelle est fixé le conducteur extérieure 7e du câble coaxial 7 ;
  • le conducteur intérieur 7i du câble coaxial 7 traverse sans contact la platine 9, sur laquelle est fixée l'extrémité inférieure 4i du bloc interne de matériau diélectrique 4 ; et
  • l'extrémité supérieure 4s du bloc interne de matériau diélectrique 4 est en contact mécanique avec la partie supérieure 2S du poteau 2.
As can be seen on the figure 3 , in the example of street furniture element I shown:
  • the internal block of dielectric material 4 is traversed longitudinally, preferably with recessing, by an electrically conductive metal rod 8, the upper end of which 8s is secured to the upper part 2S of the post 2 (for example by screwing) and of which the lower end 8i is integral with the inner conductor 7i of the coaxial cable 7;
  • inside the lower part 2I of the post 2 is arranged a plate made of an electrically conductive material 9, which is electrically connected to said lower part 2I (for example, using clamps and / or screws not shown) and on which is fixed the outer conductor 7e of the coaxial cable 7;
  • the inner conductor 7i of the coaxial cable 7 passes through the plate 9 without contact, to which the lower end 4i of the inner block of dielectric material 4 is fixed; and
  • the upper end 4s of the internal block of dielectric material 4 is in mechanical contact with the upper part 2S of the post 2.

Ainsi, les parties supérieure 2S et inférieure 2I du poteau 2 sont maintenues à distance l'une de l'autre par l'ensemble du bloc de matière diélectrique 4, de la tige 8 et de la platine 9, cet ensemble permettant par ailleurs de solidariser mécaniquement lesdites parties supérieure 2S et inférieure 2I, tout en assurant la discontinuité électrique formée par la fente annulaire 3 remplie par une partie du bloc diélectrique 4 et l'alimentation électrique par les conducteurs 7i et 7e.Thus, the upper 2S and lower 2I parts of the post 2 are kept at a distance from each other by the assembly of the block of dielectric material 4, of the rod 8 and of the plate 9, this assembly also making it possible to mechanically securing said upper 2S and lower 2I parts, while ensuring the electrical discontinuity formed by the annular slot 3 filled by a part of the dielectric block 4 and the electrical supply via the conductors 7i and 7e.

La tige électriquement conductrice 8 peut être cylindrique et constituer un ou plusieurs transformateurs quart d'onde à la fréquence de travail privilégiée. Les diamètres de chaque transformateur peuvent également être ajustés pour transformer au mieux l'impédance d'entrée du poteau en l'impédance caractéristique de la ligne de transmission formée par le câble coaxial 7. Selon un mode particulier de l'invention, cette ligne de transmission peut également être constituée par une ligne bifilaire ou par un guide d'onde avec une transition guide coaxial en partie haute. Selon un autre mode particulier de l'invention, si l'on souhaite adapter le système à une large bande et non pas à une fréquence spécifique ou à une bande de fréquences étroite, la tige conductrice 8 peut être également de section conique (et non cylindrique) et de dimension supérieure ou égale à un quart d'onde de la fréquence basse de fonctionnement. Si un rapport d'onde stationnaire très faible est nécessaire pour faire fonctionner le dispositif électronique associé 6, un circuit d'adaptation passif usuel peut également être ajouté à une extrémité ou l'autre de la ligne de transmission 7.The electrically conductive rod 8 may be cylindrical and constitute one or more quarter-wave transformers at the preferred working frequency. The diameters of each transformer can also be adjusted so as to best transform the input impedance of the pole into the characteristic impedance of the transmission line formed by the coaxial cable 7. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, this transmission line. transmission can also be constituted by a two-wire line or by a waveguide with a coaxial guide transition at the top. According to another particular embodiment of the invention, if it is desired to adapt the system to a wide band and not to a specific frequency or to a narrow frequency band, the conductive rod 8 can also be of conical section (and not cylindrical) and of dimension greater than or equal to a quarter wave of the low operating frequency. If a very low standing wave ratio is required to operate the associated electronic device 6, a customary passive matching circuit can also be added to either end of the transmission line 7.

Comme le montre l'élément de mobilier urbain II de la figure 4, afin de renforcer l'isolation électrique entre les parties inférieure 2I et supérieure 2S du poteau 2, on peut prévoir, en plus de la fente annulaire 3, au moins une fente annulaire supplémentaire 10, cette dernière interrompant la partie inférieure 2I en regard du bloc de matière diélectrique 4 et étant remplie par une partie de ce dernier. Cette fente annulaire 10 peut se trouver à tout emplacement le long dudit bloc 4 et, par exemple, au niveau de la platine 9 (situation non représentée).As shown in the street furniture element II of the figure 4 , in order to strengthen the electrical insulation between the lower 2I and upper 2S parts of the post 2, it is possible to provide, in addition to the annular slot 3, at least one additional annular slot 10, the latter interrupting the lower part 2I facing the block of dielectric material 4 and being filled with a part of the latter. This annular slot 10 can be found at any location along said block 4 and, for example, at the level of the plate 9 (situation not shown).

On remarquera que la tige 8 électriquement conductrice constitue un transformateur d'impédance permettant une optimisation de l'adaptation à la ligne de transmission 7. De plus, cette tige 8, encastrée dans le bloc de matière diélectrique 4, assure au moins en partie la rigidité et la robustesse de l'ensemble des deux parties 2I, 2S du poteau 2.It will be noted that the electrically conductive rod 8 constitutes an impedance transformer allowing an optimization of the adaptation to the transmission line 7. In addition, this rod 8, embedded in the block of dielectric material 4, at least partly ensures the rigidity and robustness of the set of the two parts 2I, 2S of the post 2.

Par ailleurs, si la longueur du poteau 2 représente plusieurs longueurs d'onde à la fréquence de travail, les deux parties superposées 2I et 2S peuvent n'être formées que dans une portion longitudinale dudit poteau, la portion longitudinale restante de celui-ci ne participant pas au système antennaire . Un tel mode de réalisation III est représenté sur la figure 5, où l'on retrouve le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3 surmonté par une partie d'extrémité électromagnétiquement inactive 2E. Les parties 2S et 2E sont électriquement isolées l'une de l'autre par un bloc diélectrique 11 et une fente 12 (voir la figure 6). Le bloc diélectrique 11 remplit la fente 12 et assure la liaison mécanique entre lesdites parties 2S et 2E.Moreover, if the length of the post 2 represents several wavelengths at the working frequency, the two superimposed parts 2I and 2S may only be formed in a longitudinal portion of said post, the remaining longitudinal portion thereof not being formed. not participating in the antenna system. Such an embodiment III is shown in figure 5 , where we find the embodiment of figures 1 to 3 surmounted by an electromagnetically inactive end part 2E. Parts 2S and 2E are electrically isolated from each other by a dielectric block 11 and a slot 12 (see figure 6 ). The dielectric block 11 fills the slot 12 and provides the mechanical connection between said parts 2S and 2E.

Dans le mode de réalisation IV des figures 7 et 8, l'embase métallique de fixation au sol 5 est suffisamment grande pour représenter une fraction de longueur d'onde significative et la longueur de la partie inférieure 2I portant le dispositif électronique antennaire 6 est réduite. De préférence, la partie supérieure 2S a une dimension comprise entre 0,125 et 1 fois la longueur d'onde de travail, alors que l'embase de fixation métallique 5 présente des dimensions d'au moins 0,25 x 0,25 fois ladite longueur d'onde de travail. Cette embase de fixation métallique 5, qui forme le plan de masse de l'antenne du mode de réalisation IV peut être de forme quelconque, mais de préférence cette forme est symétrique, afin de favoriser un rayonnement omnidirectionnel. Comme l'illustre la figure 8, l'alimentation de l'antenne du mode de réalisation IV est semblable à celle de l'antenne du mode de réalisation I (voir la figure 3), le bloc diélectrique 4 et la tige 8 étant réduits en conséquence. Ce mode de réalisation IV forme une antenne proche d'une antenne monopôle.In Embodiment IV of figures 7 and 8 , the metal base for fixing to the ground 5 is large enough to represent a significant fraction of wavelength and the length of the lower part 2I carrying the electronic antenna device 6 is reduced. Preferably, the upper part 2S has a dimension comprised between 0.125 and 1 times the working wavelength, while the metal fixing base 5 has dimensions of at least 0.25 x 0.25 times said length. working wave. This metal fixing base 5, which forms the ground plane of the antenna of embodiment IV, can be of any shape, but preferably this shape is symmetrical, in order to promote omnidirectional radiation. As illustrated by figure 8 , the power supply to the antenna of the embodiment IV is similar to that of the antenna of Embodiment I (see figure 3 ), the dielectric block 4 and the rod 8 being reduced accordingly. This embodiment IV forms an antenna close to a monopole antenna.

Eventuellement, dans une forme particulière (non représentée) du mode de réalisation IV des figures 7 et 8, la partie inférieure 2I peut ne pas exister et être électriquement remplacée en totalité par l'embase de fixation 5.Optionally, in a particular form (not shown) of embodiment IV of the figures 7 and 8 , the lower part 2I may not exist and may be completely replaced electrically by the fixing base 5.

Par ailleurs, là encore, si la longueur du poteau 2 représente plusieurs longueurs d'onde à la fréquence de travail, les deux parties superposées 2I et 2S peuvent n'être formées que dans une portion longitudinale dudit poteau, la portion longitudinale restante de celui-ci ne participant pas au système antennaire . Un tel mode de réalisation V est représenté sur la figure 9, où l'on retrouve le mode de réalisation des figures 7 et 8 surmonté par une partie d'extrémité électromagnétiquement inactive 2E. Comme décrit précédemment, les parties 2S et 2E sont électriquement isolées l'une de l'autre par un bloc diélectrique 11 et une fente 12 (voir la figure 6). Le bloc diélectrique 11 remplit la fente 12 et assure la liaison mécanique entre lesdites parties 2S et 2E.Moreover, here again, if the length of the post 2 represents several wavelengths at the working frequency, the two superimposed parts 2I and 2S may only be formed in a longitudinal portion of said post, the remaining longitudinal portion of that - here not participating in the antenna system. Such an embodiment V is shown in figure 9 , where we find the embodiment of figures 7 and 8 surmounted by an electromagnetically inactive end part 2E. As described above, parts 2S and 2E are electrically isolated from each other by a dielectric block 11 and a slot 12 (see figure 6 ). The dielectric block 11 fills the slot 12 and provides the mechanical connection between said parts 2S and 2E.

Claims (10)

  1. An urban furniture object (1) comprising at least one post (2) made of an electroconductive material, this post being at least partially hollow and at least approximately vertical; and said at least one post (2) comprising at least two superimposed parts (2I, 2S), electrically insulated from each other by forming an antenna with horizontally omnidirectional radiation,
    said object being characterized in that said at least one post (2) is constituted by two superimposed parts, namely a lower part (2I) and an upper part (2S), separated by an annular slot (3), the two superimposed parts (2I, 2S) of said at least one post (2) forming said antenna with horizontally omnidirectional radiation.
  2. The object according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one post (2) comprises a base (5) for fixing to the ground, which is made of an electroconductive material and which is capable of forming at least partially the lower part of said antenna.
  3. The object according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one post (2) comprises three superimposed parts, two-by-two electrically insulated from each other, only two of which form said antenna.
  4. The object according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a block (4, 11) of dielectric material arranged inside said at least one post, providing electrical insulation between two superimposed parts (2I, 2S, 2E) and participating at least partially in the mechanical connection between the latter.
  5. The object according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a metal rod (8) built-in longitudinally in said block (4) of dielectric material and participating at least partially, with said block (4) of dielectric material, in the mechanical connection between two superimposed parts (2I, 2S).
  6. The object according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises an antennal electronic device (6) located on one side of one (2I) of the two superimposed parts (2I, 2S), and in that said metal rod (8) provides the electrical connection between the other one (2S) of said two superimposed parts and said antennal electronic device (6).
  7. The object according to claim 6, characterized in that said metal rod (8) is capable of forming an impedance adapter between said antennal electronic device (6) and said antenna thus constituted.
  8. A method for radio electrifying an urban furniture object (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises:
    - forming said object (1) with at least one post (2) made of an electroconductive material, said post being at least partially hollow and at least approximately vertical; and
    - arranging in said at least one post (2) two superimposed parts (2I, 2S), namely a lower part (2I) and an upper part (2S) separated by an annular slot (3) and electrically insulated from each other;
    the two superimposed parts (2I, 2S) of said at least one post (2) thus forming an antenna with horizontally omnidirectional radiation.
  9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that said two superimposed parts (2I, 2S) are radio electrically at least substantially equivalent.
  10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the largest dimension of said two superimposed parts (2I, 2S) is between 0.125 and 1 times the wavelength associated with a working frequency of said antenna.
EP14734889.0A 2013-06-13 2014-06-12 Method for radioelectrifying an urban furniture object and object radioelectrified in this way Active EP3008773B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1355513A FR3007213B1 (en) 2013-06-13 2013-06-13 METHOD FOR RADIOELECTRIFIER AN OBJECT INSTALLED IN A PUBLIC SPACE AND OBJECT THUS RADIOELECTRIFIE.
PCT/FR2014/051431 WO2014199089A1 (en) 2013-06-13 2014-06-12 Method for radioelectrifying an urban furniture object and object radioelectrified in this way

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EP3008773A1 EP3008773A1 (en) 2016-04-20
EP3008773B1 true EP3008773B1 (en) 2020-07-29

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ES (1) ES2822608T3 (en)
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US10886595B1 (en) 2016-02-05 2021-01-05 Tessco Communications Incorporated Outdoor Wi-Fi bollard
US10249932B1 (en) 2016-02-05 2019-04-02 Tessco Communications Incorporated Bollard lighting fixture with integrated antenna

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100231469A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Kmw Inc. Antenna Device for Mobile Communication System

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CN1100403C (en) * 1996-09-24 2003-01-29 西门子公司 Base station for a mobile radio telephone system
AU3160199A (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-18 Vodafone Limited Cellular telephone arrangements
US8259025B2 (en) * 2009-03-26 2012-09-04 Laird Technologies, Inc. Multi-band antenna assemblies
US8786503B2 (en) * 2011-07-07 2014-07-22 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Dual UHF dipole quadrafiler helix antenna

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100231469A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Kmw Inc. Antenna Device for Mobile Communication System

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ES2822608T3 (en) 2021-05-04
EP3008773A1 (en) 2016-04-20
FR3007213B1 (en) 2016-12-02
FR3007213A1 (en) 2014-12-19

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