EP3006173A1 - Method and device for dividing up a waste piece formed during edge trimming of a panel-shaped workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for crushing a piece of waste (1), wherein the piece of waste (1) with a sawing device (2) of a Plattenaufteilanlage (3) by means of a trimming cut from an edge (4) of a plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpiece (5) is sawn off and during Besäumschnitt a Besäumschnittspalt (6) between the waste piece (1) and the remaining workpiece (7) is formed, wherein in the waste piece (1) before performing the Besäumschnittes transversely, preferably orthogonally, then to the trimming cut resulting by the Besäumschnittspalt (6) at least one nip (8 ) is sawed.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for crushing a piece of waste, wherein the piece of waste with a sawing means of a Plattenaufteilanlage is sawed off by means of a trimming cut from an edge of a plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpiece and formed during Besäumschnitt a Besäumschnittspalt between the waste piece and the remaining workpiece. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a Plattenaufteilanlage, which is particularly suitable for carrying out this method.

By means of plate dividing plants, plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpieces or raw plates are divided into smaller formats by successive longitudinal and cross-sections in the prior art. This results in good parts, ie part workpieces, which in the end have the desired final format and are further processed into furniture or the like, and waste, which must be disposed of. Usually, both are transported away automatically on separate ways at the Plattenaufteilanlage. It is often the case that the marginal areas of the original workpiece or the raw plates are not suitable for good parts. In order to be able to provide clean, high-quality edges of the good parts, it is known to cut off waste pieces on the edge of a plate-shaped or plate-stack-shaped workpiece by means of trimming cuts. One speaks of trimming, as this also in the EP 2 193 894 A1 is described. The resulting trimming during trimming are usually relatively large or long. They consist partly of narrow strips of several meters in length, which complicates their transport accordingly. In order to get a grip on this problem, it is known, at least for workpieces made of wood or comparable materials, to shred the pieces of waste directly next to the panel dividing installation so much that they are well suited for transporting with common removal conveyors. Frequently, the waste pieces crushed to bulk material, so that they can be disposed of with conveyor belts or suction. Common methods for crushing the waste pieces are, for example, shearing, chopping or chopping the mentioned materials.

However, these methods for crushing the waste pieces are not applicable to all materials. For example, In the case of plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpieces made of metallic materials, it is technically generally extremely complicated and therefore not economical to use such methods for crushing the waste pieces. Most of the waste pieces are then removed as a whole or crushed by sawing outside of the panel splitter. During this sawing, the pieces of waste must be stably clamped or held in order to achieve process-reliable results. Fully automatic, this is not or difficult to carry out.

The object of the invention is to improve a method of the type mentioned above so that the waste pieces can be shortened in a technically simple and thus economically feasible way to such lengths that they can be disposed of in a simple manner, if possible fully automatically.

For this purpose, in an abovementioned method, the invention proposes that at least one cut-in gap is sawn into the piece of waste transversely, preferably orthogonally, before the trimming cut, which is subsequently produced by the trimming cut.

Thus, in other words, it is a basic idea of the invention that at least one incision gap is cut in the waste piece before the trimming cut, which is oriented transversely or preferably orthogonally to the trimming cut gap to be impressed later. This has the consequence that when performing the Besäumschnittes the piece of waste disintegrates into at least two waste pieces or can be simply cut without the need for further or more complex measures are necessary. As a result, when the trimming cut is carried out, this automatically results in at least two or more Waste sections divided or easily teilerteilbares piece of waste, which can be disposed of in a simple manner and preferably fully automatically. The number of kerfs per piece of waste may ultimately be adjusted to the desired size of the waste pieces. It may be per piece of waste to a single incision gap but also to a plurality of generally spaced incision gaps. In the claims and the following statements is spoken in some places linguistic simplification because of incision columns in the singular. However, even in these preferred embodiments, it can also always be a plurality of notch gaps per piece of waste. The various kerfs could also be referred to as cutting channels. In any case, preferred embodiments of methods according to the invention provide for the waste piece to be divided into at least two waste sections when the trimming cut is made at the incision gap or the incision gaps, and the waste sections are then disposed of, preferably by means of a removal conveyor of the panel splitter. The removal conveyors can be conveyor belts, roller conveyors, grippers and the like, as known per se in the prior art.

The method according to the invention generally has the advantage that the sawing of the indentation gaps is performed on large, stable parts in the form of the plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpieces. As a result, precise sawing operations with relatively simple means are possible in a simple manner. In particular, eliminates the need for clamping the already sawn waste pieces, as is necessary in the prior art when sawing the waste after trimming. The workpiece can be held and transported during the sawing of the cut-in gaps by means of a feed device provided as standard in the panel-dividing installation. The method according to the invention can be completely integrated into panel dividing systems and can therefore be designed in a very space-saving and low-cost manner, since resources already available according to the state of the art can be used in the panel dividing system. In particular, by the sawing of incision gaps in the slab-shaped or slab-stacked workpiece internal stresses are degraded in the workpiece, which will benefit the subsequent steps of sawing the workpiece.

For the sake of completeness, it is pointed out that the trimming or sawing of a trimming cut involves sawing off mostly unclean edges of a plate-shaped or plate-stack-shaped workpiece which are unsuitable for further processing. The piece of waste is a waste product, which is not further processed, but must be disposed of. Before performing the trimming cut, the piece of waste is a marginal part of the workpiece, which is then sawed off by trimming cut. After performing the trim cut the piece of waste is cut off, so separated from the remaining workpiece. The remaining workpiece is thus the part of the workpiece which remains after sawing off the piece of waste. As a rule, the remaining workpiece is then sawed on in subsequent processing steps, so that partial workpieces are produced from it, which then correspond to the desired final formats after a corresponding number of sawing operations. However, it should also be pointed out that additional trimming cuts can also be made on another edge of the workpiece or of the remaining workpiece on the original workpiece or on the remaining workpiece. These additional Besäumschnitte on the other edge of the workpiece can be carried out before or after performing the trimming cut to separate the piece of waste. The width of the be sawn by means of the trimming cut from the workpiece edge and thus the width of the waste piece can vary. It usually depends on how far the original edge region of the workpiece deviates in its course from a straight line or a flat surface. As a rule, only as much of the workpiece is sawn off as a piece of waste by means of a trimming cut, as is necessary in order to thereby produce a usable or straight edge of the workpiece.

The sawing device with which the trimming cut for sawing off the waste piece is carried out is preferably along a, in particular linear, cutting line the panel divider can be moved. Such sawing devices are known, for example, in the form of underfloor circular saws in panel dividing systems according to the prior art. The trimming cut gap and / or also the trenching slit are preferably linear or, in other words, straight.

In order not to impair the workpiece remaining after sawing off the piece of waste through the incision gaps, in preferred variants of the invention it is provided that the incision gap or even the incision gaps in front of the remaining workpiece is or will be terminated. In other words, the incision gaps thus preferably do not extend into the remaining workpiece. So you are not visible there. In principle, it is conceivable to saw the incision gap or the incision gaps only partially into the piece of waste. As a result, after performing the trimming cut, the trash piece then has to be broken apart or self-destructing in the remaining areas where the trash pieces are still held together. However, particularly preferred methods of the invention provide that, with the incision gap or the incision gaps, the waste piece is completely severed in the direction transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the trimming slit gap. The term "transverse" basically means angles between 0 and 90 ° or between 90 and 180 ° or, in other words, angles which deviate from the parallel and a 90 ° angle. Orthogonal denotes 90 ° angle. In particular, in the sense of a complete severing of the waste piece by means of the incision gap, it is provided in preferred embodiments that the incision gap is sawn into the waste piece over the entire thickness of the waste piece. The thickness of the waste piece usually corresponds to the thickness of the workpiece, wherein the thickness of the workpiece is smaller than its length and width. When the workpiece for sawing rests on the support table of the panel-cutting installation, the thickness of the workpiece and also the thickness of the piece of waste are conveniently measured in the direction normal to the support table or to its support plane.

In the sense of a complete severing of the workpiece, without injuring the remaining workpiece, the notch gap is conveniently in Trimming cut gap finished. The incision gap thus ends preferably in the region in which the trimming cut gap is then sawn in later.

Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention provide that the incision gap is sawn into the piece of waste with at least one incision saw of the panel dividing system which is additionally present in addition to the sawing device. It can be one but also several incision saws. In principle, band saws or jigsaws known per se can also be used as incision saws in the prior art. In preferred embodiments of the method, however, it is provided that a circular saw is used for sawing the incision gap, preferably as an incision saw, wherein for sawing an end portion of the incision gap in front of the remaining workpiece, preferably in Veräumschnittspalt, a circular saw blade of the circular saw when sawing the end portion in the direction is moved parallel to the thickness of the waste piece relative to the waste piece. Particularly preferably, it is provided that the circular saw blade is rotated during sawing about a circular saw blade rotation axis and the circular saw blade rotation axis is performed during sawing of the end portion over the entire thickness of the waste piece. This ensures that the incision gap is sawn in the same way over the entire thickness of the waste piece or, in other words, with a constant depth over the entire thickness of the waste piece or of the workpiece. In order to be able to implement the method according to the invention particularly economically, preferred variants provide that in each case an incision gap is sawn into a respective piece of waste on two opposite sides of the workpiece. In this sense, it is basically also conceivable to saw the incision gaps simultaneously with other sawing processes. In this sense, preferred variants of the method according to the invention provide that the cutting gap, preferably with the incision saw, is sawn simultaneously with a dividing cut for sawing the workpiece or the remaining workpiece or at the same time with an additional trimming cut at another edge of the workpiece, wherein the dividing cut or in the additional trimming cut with a, preferably along an additional cutting line of the panel dividing system movable, additional sawing the Panel splitter a dividing section gap or an additional Besäumschnittspalt is sawed through the workpiece. In general, it should be pointed out in this context that the incision saw, with which the one or more incision gaps are sawn, and the sawing device need not be arranged directly behind one another to carry out the trimming cut for separating the waste piece. It is conceivable, for example, that said additional sawing device is arranged in the material flow direction or in the direction of the feed path between the incision saw and the sawing device for carrying out the trimming cut. The sawing of the trimming cut does not necessarily have to be directly followed by the sawing of the trench cut. In preferred embodiments of the aforementioned variant, it is provided in any case that the remaining workpiece is sawed into two completely separate parts by means of the dividing section or an additional piece of waste is sawed off completely from the workpiece by means of the additional trimming cut.

In the sawing of plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpieces in panel-forming machines, it is known per se to transport the workpieces along a feed path or in a direction of material flow through the panel dividing installation. Here, one or more sawing devices can be passed. As a rule, several sawing operations are carried out. The feed path or the direction of material flow thereby designate the path of the workpiece through the panel-dividing system, which the workpiece tracks from the raw plate or the raw-plate stack to the finished end-formats of the partial workpiece. For the sake of completeness, it is pointed out that retraction with respect to a feed direction can also occur on this feed path in order to carry out certain work operations on the workpiece or on a corresponding part workpiece. Above all, however, it should be pointed out that the feed path does not necessarily have to be straight or linear. Rather, it can be composed of different partial paths, with the workpiece or the partial workpieces being transported on the partial paths in different feed directions.

A particularly preferred variant of the method according to the invention provides that the workpiece for sawing the incision gap or the incision gaps of a first feed device of the plate dividing system in a first feed direction at least one or the Einschnittsäge is fed and then by a second feed device of the Plattenaufteilanlage in a second feed direction the sawing device is supplied to the plate-dividing system for sawing off the waste piece by means of the trimming cut. Here are again different variants. In a first variant, it is provided that the first feed direction extends transversely, preferably orthogonally to the second feed direction. In this variant, it can usually be dispensed with, to rotate the workpiece between the incision saw and the sawing device. In another variant, however, provision may also be made for the workpiece to be rotated after transport in the first feed direction, preferably by a rotating device of the plate-splitting system, and then transported in the second feed direction. In these variants with rotation of the workpiece or of partial workpieces, the first feed direction and the second feed direction can also run parallel or in the same direction. Suitable feed devices for Plattenaufteilanlagen are known in the art. They may have grippers for gripping the workpiece. However, the feed devices can also be, for example, driven roller conveyors and the like.

The incision saw is in preferred variants of the method at least one in addition to the sawing device and optionally also in addition to the additional sawing saw existing. However, in principle it is also possible to carry out the method according to the invention on panel-dividing installations without additional incision saws with the sawing devices present there.

In addition to the method itself, the invention also relates to a panel-splitting unit, which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. It is a panel splitter with at least one sawing device and at least one support table and at least one Feed device for transporting a plate or plate stackable workpiece to be sawn on the support table along a feed path to the sawing device, wherein the Plattenaufteilanlage on the feed path in front of the sawing device has at least one incision saw, wherein at least one saw blade of the incision saw exclusively in the edge region of or at least a Einschnittspalts in a waste piece at the edge of the workpiece transversely, preferably orthogonally, to a feed direction of the feed path in the region of the incision saw is movable. The angle transverse or orthogonal to the feed direction must thus be present in this embodiment with respect to the feed direction in the region of the incision saw. The feed path can, as already stated above, have different feed directions. The fact that the saw blade of the incision saw can only be moved in the edge area of the support table for sawing the incision gap or gaps means that the incision saw is not suitable for sawing through the entire workpiece. Of course, the edge region of the support table can be of different width depending on how deep the incision gaps have to be sawed into the workpiece in the direction of the center of the workpiece.

The support table preferably forms a horizontal plane. It may be a roller table, air cushion table and the like. This is basically known for panel dividing systems and can also be used here. The sawing device is, in turn, advantageously movable along a linear sawing line of the panel dividing installation. As far as applicable, the details of preferred embodiments of the method already described above also apply to the panel-dividing installation. Particularly preferably is provided in the panel dividing installation according to the invention, that the saw blade of the incision saw is a circular saw blade which rotates when sawing about a circular saw blade rotation axis and in at least one direction normal to the support table, wherein in this traversing in the direction normal to the support table, the circular saw blade rotation axis at least over the support table is arranged. The circular saw blade rotation axis is in the direction normal to the support table conveniently at least as far as possible, as the thickness of the thickest to expected to be sawn with this Plattenaufteilanlage workpiece. This can be taken into account by the person skilled in the design of the panel dividing system. For the purposes of an efficient procedure, preferred embodiments of the panel dividing system provide that the panel dividing installation has two incision saws in the feed path in front of the sawing unit, with at least one saw blade of the respective incision saw exclusively in each of one of two opposing edge areas of the support table for sawing respectively one incision gap in each case a waste piece at opposite edges of the workpiece transversely, preferably orthogonally, to a feed direction of the feed path in the region of the incision saw is movable. Again, it is provided that the incision saws are not suitable for sawing the entire workpiece. As an alternative to this, it is also conceivable that the panel dividing installation has only one incision saw which can be moved transversely or orthogonally to the feed direction of the feed path in the area of the incision saw from one edge area of the support table to the opposite edge area of the support table. The incision saw is then conveniently pivotable through 180 ° in order to be able to saw the incision gaps on both sides. The method or bringing the incision saw from one edge region to the opposite edge region of the support table can be done below the support table but also above the support table. It is also favorable if the saw blade of the incision saw is at least partially hidden under a hood. With the hood, the sawdust produced by the saw blade can be collected. On this hood, a suction for sawdust can be present. It is also conceivable to provide the hood with a pressure edge, with which the workpiece is pressed by the hood when sawing the nick against the support table. As a result, the saw-induced vibration of the workpiece during sawing is reduced or suppressed. In addition, a slipping of the workpiece during the sawing process is prevented. It is favorable in this context, in any case, if the hood and / or the pressing edge is lowered in the direction of the support table of the panel dividing system and is in turn liftable from this or are. It can also be provided that the if necessary, the entire incision saw can additionally be moved in the material flow direction and in the opposite direction. In this context, preferred embodiments of the invention provide that the incision saw or the incision saws can be moved along the feed path or are.

• Fig. 1 eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf ein zu zersägendes plattenförmiges Werkstück;
• Fig. 2 das Detail B auf Fig. 1 vergrößert;
• Fig. 3 den Vertikalschnitt entlang der Schnittlinie CC aus Fig. 2;
• Fig. 4 eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Plattenaufteilanlage und
• Fig. 5 einen schematisiert dargestellten Vertikalschnitt durch die Plattenaufteilanlage gemäß Fig. 4 im Bereich der Einschnittsägen.

Further features and details of preferred embodiments of both the method and the panel-splitting installation according to the invention are explained below with reference to the description of the figures. Show it:

• Fig. 1 a schematic plan view of a to be sawed plate-shaped workpiece;
• Fig. 2 the detail B on Fig. 1 increased;
• Fig. 3 the vertical section along the section line CC Fig. 2 ;
• Fig. 4 a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of a Plattenaufteilanlage invention and
• Fig. 5 a schematically illustrated vertical section through the Plattenaufteilanlage according to Fig. 4 in the field of incision saws.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an example of a workpiece 5, on which the cutting plan is recorded. The cutting plan shows the various cuts which have to be sawed on the workpiece 5 in order to finally obtain the desired final formats, in this case the partial workpieces 24. At the edges 4 of the workpiece 5 are the waste pieces 1, which are sawn off from the workpiece 5 by means of the trimming cuts to form the trimming section 6. From the workpiece 5 then remains the remaining workpiece 7. In addition, the additional waste pieces 25 are sawed off at the respective other edges 19 by means of additional Besäumschnittspalte 23. This is also a Besäumvorgang to provide the remaining workpiece 7 and its marginal part workpieces 24 with a clean edge. The remaining workpiece 7 is sawn in the example shown along the Aufteilschnittspalte 22 in the part workpieces 24. The latter form the desired end formats, which are to be sawn out of the workpiece 5 here. The previously described procedure or the previously described division is known per se in the prior art. If only the previously mentioned sawing operations are carried out, relatively long waste pieces 1 are formed on the mutually opposite sides 17 and 18 of the workpiece 5. These are, as explained at the beginning, often difficult to handle and, as a rule, can not be removed automatically. In order to further shred these pieces of waste 1, it is provided according to the invention that at least one notching gap 8 is sawn into the or each piece of waste 1 transversely, preferably orthogonally, before the trimming cut is made. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the incision gaps 8 are sawn in on the respective opposite waste pieces 1 on both sides 17 and 18. In the variant shown, the incision gaps 8 are in each case orthogonal to the trimming slits 6. Due to the upstream sawing in of the slit 8, the respective waste piece 1 disintegrates into two waste sections 9 as soon as the trimming cut is made along the trimming slit 6. If correspondingly more indentation gaps 8 are sawn into a respective piece of waste 1, then a correspondingly higher number of pieces of waste 9 is produced when sawing the trimming cut or the trimming gap 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the incision gaps 8 are spaced apart from the left additional trimming gap 23 or dividing section gap 22 sawed.

It should be noted that the width of the waste pieces 1 and thus also the length of the incision gaps 8 can vary from one workpiece 5 to another workpiece 5 but also within a workpiece 5. This is in Fig.1 by way of example in the upper right area of the workpiece 5. There, the waste strip 1 is wider than the other waste strips 1. As a result, the incision gap 8 there must also be sawed into the workpiece 5 and thus formed longer. The Besäumschnittspalte 6 are then, optionally in addition, sawn at the appropriate position.

Fig. 2 shows in detail B, as with a nip 8, the waste piece 1 in the direction transverse or here orthogonal to the trimming gap 6 completely is severed, so that the waste pieces 1, the two waste pieces 9 result. Good to see in Fig. 2 also that the incision gap 8 is terminated before the remaining workpiece 7. The end region 13 of the incision gap 8 is in the preferred embodiment shown here in the trimming cut gap 6, wherein the trimming cut gap 6, as stated, is sawed only after sawing the incision gap 8. In any case, the incision gap 8 should not reach into the remaining workpiece 7.

Fig. 3 shows a vertical section along the section line CC Fig. 2 , Here it is good to see that the incision gap 8 is preferably sawn over the entire thickness 11 of the waste piece 1.

Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a panel-forming system 3, with which the workpiece 5 can be sawn in the manner according to the invention. The Plattenaufteilanlage 3 has a support table 30 on which the in Fig. 1 shown workpiece 5 during transport along the feed path 31 rests. In the illustrated variant, the support table is substantially L-shaped. The plate dividing plant 3 has a first feed device 26, which moves the workpiece 5 in the first feed direction 27, possibly also back and forth. Furthermore, the panel dividing system 3 shown here also has a second feed device 28, which moves the workpiece 5 in the second feed direction 29 and possibly also in the opposite direction. The feed path 31 thus has two path sections in the embodiment shown. In the first, the feed proceeds along the first feed direction 27, in the second path section it runs along the second feed direction 29. The feed devices 26 and 28 can be embodied in different manners known per se in the prior art. In the exemplary embodiment shown, each feed device 28 has two guides 34 along which it is moved. Furthermore, each feed device 26 and 28 each have grippers 35, with which they grip the workpiece 5 or parts thereof and hold and slide and can pull. It is in principle possible that the workpiece 5 or parts thereof also once counter the feed direction 27 or the feed direction 29 are moved by the respective feed devices 26 and 28. This does not change the feed path 31 per se.

This in Fig. 4 Schematically shown embodiment of the panel dividing plant 3 has two sawing devices 2 and 21. The sawing device 2 is used to carry out all longitudinal cuts in the workpiece 5. Im in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the workpiece 5, these are only the Besäumschnitte for training in Fig. 1 Of course, the in Fig. 1 shown partial workpieces 24 are also still with other, parallel to the Besäumschnittspalten 6 cutting gaps further divided. Seen along the feed path 31, in front of this sawing device 2 is the additional sawing device 21. It serves as a cross saw. With her, the additional Besäumschnittspalte 23 and the Aufteilschnittspalte 22 are sawed in the illustrated embodiment of the workpiece 5.

The sawing devices 2 and 21 can basically be designed as known in the art. Both sawing devices are movable in the embodiment shown along a linear cutting line. In the case of the sawing device 2, this is the cutting line 36, in the case of the additional sawing device 21 the additional cutting line 20. In the embodiment shown, both sawing devices 2 are designed as so-called underfloor circular saws which can each be moved in a saw carriage along the respective cutting line 36 or 20. The circular saw blades can be raised to saw over a support plane of the support table 30 and also sunk under this support level, if not to be sawed. Over each cutting line 36 is in each case a pressure bar 37, which is movable in the vertical direction on each two laterally supported Druckbalkenstehern 38 so as to be able to press the workpiece 5 or parts thereof during sawing with the sawing devices 2 and 21 on the support table 30. For transporting the workpiece 5, the respective pressure bar 37 is then raised again, so that the workpiece 5 or parts thereof are then each of the corresponding feed device 26 and 28 can be transported or can. This is known per se and does not need to be continued. In the respective feed direction 27 and 29 of the feed path 31, behind the respective section line 36 and 20 is in each case shown here only schematically illustrated removal conveyor 10, with the respective sawing process resulting waste sections 9 and additional waste pieces 25 can be removed. The previously described features of the panel splitter according to Fig. 4 are known per se in the prior art and can also be designed differently in different embodiments. In particular, it would also be conceivable to form the two feed directions 27 and 29 coaxially in one direction. Then, a known turning device for rotating the workpieces or partial workpieces 24 should be provided at a suitable location between the two sawing devices 2 and 21.

In the panel splitter 3, as in Fig. 4 is shown, it is now provided according to the invention to arrange on the feed path 31 in front of the sawing device 2 at least one incision saw 12. In the exemplary embodiment shown, these are two incision saws 12 located opposite one another. The saw blades of the incision saws 12 can be moved and used exclusively in the edge region 32 of the support table 30. The incision saws 12 are used for sawing the or the incision gaps 8 in the respective waste pieces 1 at the edge 4 of the workpiece 5 transversely, orthogonal, to the feed direction 27 of the feed path 31 in the region of the incision saw 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the two incision saws 12 with the distance A in front of the additional cutting line 20 of the additional sawing device 21 is arranged. The distance A between the incision saws 12 and the additional cutting line 20 corresponds to the distance A according to Fig. 1 between the splitting section 22 and the additional Besäumschnittspalten 23 on the one hand and the respective adjacent incision gaps 8, see Fig. 1 ,

For the sake of completeness, it is pointed out that the incision saws 12 are also located elsewhere along the feed path 31 in front of the sawing device 2 can be arranged. Exemplary is in Fig. 4 For this, the alternative position 45 shown in dashed lines. This is arranged at a distance A behind the additional cutting line 20. Of course, the incision saw (s) 12 may or may also be arranged at a different fixed distance as distance A in front of or behind the section line 20. In addition, it can also be provided that the incision saw (s) 12 in the traversing directions 44 can also be designed to be movable parallel to the feed path 31, so that their position can be adjusted or varied.

Fig. 5 shows now a schematically illustrated vertical section through the panel splitter 3 in the region of the two incision saws 12. It is first of all to note that each incision saw 12 has exactly one saw blade in the form of a circular saw blade 14. The circular saw blades 14 of the two incision saws 12 each rotate about a circular saw blade rotation axis 16 in the sawing process Fig. 5 For each circular saw blade 14 in each case four end positions are shown as a circle with the respective center 16, between which the respective circular saw blade 14 in direction 15 or 33, ie normal to the support table 30 and parallel to the thickness 11 of the workpiece 5, and in the respective horizontal directions 43rd can be moved back and forth. Each incision saw 12 has a saw carriage 39. With the respective saw carriage 39, the respective incision saw 12 can be moved out in the horizontal direction of travel 44 into the respective edge region 32 of the support table 30 and outwards again. For this purpose, the saw carriages 39 are displaceable in each case along the guides 40 in traversing directions 43. However, it is not possible for any of the incision saws 12 to be moved beyond the edge region 32 in the direction of the center or in the direction of the opposite side of the support table 30. This is also not necessary because the incision saws 12 do not serve to saw the workpiece 5 completely. They are used inclusive to saw in the incision gaps 8 in the waste pieces 1 at the edges 4 of the workpiece 5.

Each incision saw 12 has a hood 41 for its circular saw blade 14. This serves first of all for catching and sucking off when sawing Cutting gap 8 emerging sawdust. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the hood 41 also also has a pressing edge 42 with which the workpiece 5 can be pressed by the respective incision saw 12 when sawing the incision gap 8 onto the support table 30. The respective circular saw blade 14 can be moved during the sawing process with its circular saw blade rotation axis 16 in the direction 15 or 33 favorably without causing the respective hood 41 is moved. In preferred embodiments, as shown here, it is provided in any case that the circular saw blade 14 in at least one direction 33 is movable normal to the support table 30, wherein during this movement in the direction 33 normal to the support table 30, the circular saw blade rotation axis 16 at least in some of their possible Positions above the support table 30 may be arranged as shown in FIG Fig. 5 good to see. Conveniently, the panel splitter 3 is designed so that the maximum in the directions 15 and 33 possible stroke with the circular saw blade rotation axis 16 at least equal to the thickness 11 of the workpiece 5. This makes it possible to produce an exactly vertical end of the incision gap 8 during sawing. In the Fig. 5 show the two respectively inside or above the support table 30 illustrated saw blades 14 of the two incision saws 12 respectively the end positions in the vertical direction when sawing the incision gap 8 in the waste piece 1 of the workpiece. 5

Alternatively to the variant shown, e.g. also only one incision saw 12 can be realized, which can be moved along a corresponding guide 40 above or below the support table 30 from one side 17 to the other side 18 of the workpiece and vice versa. In such embodiments, it is then advantageously provided that the circular saw blade 14 together with the hood 41 can be pivoted through 180 ° in order to be able to saw into the workpieces 5 on both sides 17 and 18 the corresponding notch gaps 8.

For the sake of completeness, it should again be pointed out here that, of course, the incision saw or incision saws 12 can also be designed quite differently, eg as stitch or band saws. Basically it is even It is conceivable, when carrying out the method according to the invention, entirely to dispense with additional incision saws 12 and to mill the incision gaps 8 into the refuse pieces 1 with the correspondingly modified sawing devices 2 and 21.

• Ausgehend von der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Position des Werkstücks 5 wird dieses auf dem Auflagetisch 3 aufliegend von der ersten Vorschubeinrichtung 26 in der ersten Vorschubrichtung 27 so weit transportiert, bis das Werkstück 3 so über der zusätzlichen Schnittlinie 20 zu liegen kommt, dass mit der zusätzlichen Sägeeinrichtung 21 der vordere, zusätzliche Besäumschnittspalt 23 gesägt werden kann. Für diesen Sägevorgang wird der Druckbalken 37 der zusätzlichen Sägeeinrichtung 21 so auf das Werkstück 5 abgesenkt, dass das Werkstück 5 auf den Auflagetisch 30 angedrückt ist. Nun kann mit der zusätzlichen Sägeeinrichtung 21 der zusätzliche Besäumschnittspalt 23 gesägt werden. Gleichzeitig werden die Hauben 41 mit ihren Andrückkanten 42 der beiden Einschnittsägen 12 ebenfalls auf das Werkstück 5 abgesenkt, sodass dies auch in diesem Bereich auf den Auflagetisch 30 angedrückt wird. Nun werden, während der zusätzliche Besäumschnittspalt 23 gesägt wird, mit den beiden Kreissägeblättern 14 der beiden Einschnittsägen 12 einander gegenüberliegende Einschnittspalte 8 in die Abfallstücke 1 eingesägt. Hierzu werden die beiden Sägewagen 39 in Richtung Mitte des Auflagetisches 30 verfahren, sodass die Sägeblätter 14 in einer der Richtungen 15 bzw. 33 während des Sägens des jeweiligen Einschnittspaltes 8 gehoben bzw. gesenkt werden, wobei sich die Kreissägeblattrotationsachsen 16 entsprechend in vertikaler Richtung mitbewegen, womit jeweils ein Einschnittspalt 8 mit in vertikaler Richtung gerade verlaufendem Ende bzw. Endbereich 13 erzeugt wird. Die geschilderten Sägevorgänge werden gleichzeitig durchgeführt, sodass aus dem Einsägen der Einschnittspalte 8 kein zusätzlicher Zeitbedarf resultiert. Nachdem die Einschnittspalte 8 und der zusätzliche Besäumschnittspalt 23 fertig gesägt sind, werden die entsprechenden Sägen 12 und 21 in ihre Ausgangsposition zurückgefahren und der Druckbalken 37 bzw. die Hauben 41 mit deren Andrückkanten 42 vom Werkstück 5 abgehoben. Nun schiebt die erste Vorschubeinrichtung 26 das Werkstück 5 in der ersten Vorschubrichtung 27 so weit, dass anschließend in analoger Weise gleichzeitig der erste Aufteilschnittspalt 22 und die darauf im Abstand A folgenden beiden Einschnittspalte 8 gesägt werden können. Diese drei Sägevorgänge werden wiederum gleichzeitig durchgeführt. Es gilt das oben Gesagte entsprechend. Dies wird so lange wiederholt, bis alle zusätzlichen Besäumschnittspalte 23, Aufteilschnittspalte 22 und Einschnittspalte 8 gesägt sind. Die zusätzlichen Abfallstücke 25 werden mittels der direkt hinter der zusätzlichen Schnittlinie 20 angeordneten Abtransportfördereinrichtung 10 entsorgt. Die restlichen Teile des Werkstücks 5 werden von der zweiten Vorschubeinrichtung 28 in der zweiten Vorschubrichtung 29 zur Sägeeinrichtung 2 weitertransportiert, sodass nach entsprechendem Absenken des Druckbalkens 37 die Besäumschnitte an der Schnittlinie 36 der Sägeeinrichtung 2 durchgeführt werden können. Mit jedem Besäumschnitt trennt die Sägeeinrichtung 2 ein Abfallstück 1 vom Rand 4 des Werkstücks 5 ab, indem der jeweilige Besäumschnittspalt 6 gesägt wird. Aufgrund der bereits vorhandenen Einschnittspalte 8 zerfällt das jeweilige Abfallstück 1 dann von alleine in Abfallteilstücke 9, welche von der Abtransportfördereinrichtung 10 hinter der Sägeeinrichtung 2 einfach und automatisiert abtransportiert werden können, ohne anschließend weiter zersägt werden zu müssen.

Legende zu den Hinweisziffern: 1 Abfallstück 24 Teilwerkstück 2 Sägeeinrichtung 25 zusätzliches Abfallstück 3 Plattenaufteilanlage 26 erste Vorschubeinrichtung 4 Rand 27 erste Vorschubrichtung 5 Werkstück 28 zweite Vorschubeinrichtung 6 Besäumschnittspalt 29 zweite Vorschubrichtung 7 verbleibendes Werkstück 30 Auflagetisch 8 Einschnittspalt 31 Vorschubweg 9 Abfallteilstück 32 Randbereich 10 Abtransportfördereinrichtung 33 Richtung 11 Dicke 34 Führung 12 Einschnittsäge 35 Greifer 13 Endbereich 36 Schnittlinie 14 Kreissägeblatt 37 Druckbalken 15 Richtung 38 Druckbalkensteher 16 Kreissägeblattrotationsachse 39 Sägewagen 17 Seite 40 Führung 18 Seite 41 Haube 19 anderer Rand 42 Andrückkante 20 zusätzliche Schnittlinie 43 Verfahrrichtungen 21 zusätzliche Sägeeinrichtung 44 Verfahrrichtungen 22 Aufteilschnittspalt 45 alternative Position 23 zusätzlicher Besäumschnittspalt With the in the Fig. 4 and 5 shown Plattenaufteilanlage 3, the in Fig. 1 In any case, illustrated workpiece 5 are sawn as follows:

• Starting from the in Fig. 4 shown position of the workpiece 5, this is transported on the support table 3 so far from the first feed device 26 in the first feed direction 27 until the workpiece 3 so comes to rest on the additional cutting line 20 that with the additional sawing device 21 of the front, additional Trimming cut gap 23 can be sawed. For this sawing process, the pressure bar 37 of the additional sawing device 21 is lowered onto the workpiece 5 in such a way that the workpiece 5 is pressed onto the support table 30. Now, with the additional sawing device 21, the additional trimming cut gap 23 can be sawed. At the same time the hoods 41 are also lowered with their Andrückkanten 42 of the two incision saws 12 on the workpiece 5, so that this is pressed in this area on the support table 30. Now, while the additional trimming cut gap 23 is sawed, 12 with the two circular saw blades 14 of the two incision saws 12 sawed one another incision gaps 8 in the waste pieces 1. For this purpose, the two saw carriage 39 are moved in the direction of the center of the support table 30, so that the saw blades 14 are raised or lowered in one of the directions 15 and 33 during the sawing of the respective incision gap 8, wherein the circular saw blade rotation axes 16 move accordingly in the vertical direction, with each of which an incision gap 8 is produced with a vertically extending end or end region 13. The described sawing operations are carried out simultaneously, so that the sawing of the incision gaps 8 results in no additional time required. After the incision gaps 8 and the additional trimming cut gap 23 are finished sawn, the corresponding saws 12 and 21 are returned to their original position and the pressure bar 37 or the hoods 41 with their Andrückkanten 42 lifted from the workpiece 5. Now pushes the first feed device 26, the workpiece 5 in the first feed direction 27 so far that then simultaneously in an analogous manner, the first Aufteilschnittspalt 22 and the following at a distance A following two incision gaps 8 can be sawn. These three sawing operations are again performed simultaneously. The above applies accordingly. This is repeated until all additional Besäumschnittspalte 23, dividing section column 22 and cut-8 are sawn. The additional waste pieces 25 are disposed of by means of the removal conveyor 10 located directly behind the additional cutting line 20. The remaining parts of the workpiece 5 are transported by the second feed device 28 in the second feed direction 29 to the sawing device 2, so that after a corresponding lowering of the pressure bar 37, the Besäumschnitte can be performed on the cutting line 36 of the sawing device 2. With each trimming cut the sawing device 2 separates a piece of waste 1 from the edge 4 of the workpiece 5 by the respective trimming cut gap 6 is sawn. Due to the existing incision gaps 8, the respective piece of waste 1 then disintegrates by itself into waste portions 9, which can be easily and automatically transported away from the removal conveyor 10 behind the sawing device 2, without having to continue sawing.

<b> legend </ b> to the reference numbers: 1 slug 24 Part workpiece 2 sawing 25 additional waste 3 Beamsaw 26 first feed device 4 edge 27 first feed direction 5 workpiece 28 second feed device 6 Besäumschnittspalt 29 second feed direction 7 remaining workpiece 30 support table 8th cut gap 31 feed path 9 Waste section 32 border area 10 Removal conveyor 33 direction 11 thickness 34 guide 12 Einschnittsäge 35 grab 13 end 36 intersection 14 circular saw blade 37 pressure beam 15 direction 38 Pressure beam stayer 16 Circular saw blade rotation axis 39 saw carriage 17 page 40 guide 18 page 41 Hood 19 other edge 42 pressing edge 20 additional cutting line 43 traversing 21 additional sawing device 44 traversing 22 Aufteilschnittspalt 45 alternative position 23 additional trimming cut gap

Claims (15)

A method for crushing a piece of waste (1), wherein the piece of waste (1) with a sawing device (2) of a Plattenaufteilanlage (3) by means of a trimming cut from an edge (4) of a plate-shaped or plate-stacked workpiece (5) is sawn off and during Besäumschnitt a Besäumschnittspalt (6) between the waste piece (1) and the remaining workpiece (7) is formed, characterized in that in the waste piece (1) before performing the Besäumschnittes transversely, preferably orthogonally, for subsequently resulting from the trimming Besäumschnittspalt (6) at least one Notching gap (8) is sawn. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste piece (1) when performing the trimming cut at the incision gap (8) or the incision gaps (8) in at least two waste sections (9) is divided and the waste sections (9) then, preferably by means of a removal conveyor (10) of the panel splitter (3). A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the incision gap (8), preferably over the entire thickness (11) of the waste piece (1), before the remaining workpiece (7), preferably in the trimming cut gap (6), is terminated. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that with the incision gap (8) the waste piece (1) in the direction transverse, preferably orthogonal, to the trimming cut gap (6) is completely severed. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the incision gap (8) with at least one addition to the sawing device (2) existing incision saw (12) of the plate-splitting plant (3) is sawed into the waste piece (1). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that for sawing the incision gap (8), preferably as a cutting saw (12), a circular saw is used, wherein for sawing an end portion (13) of the incision gap (8) in front of the remaining workpiece (7), preferably in the trimming cut gap (6), a circular saw blade (14) of the circular saw is moved parallel to the thickness (11) of the trash piece (1) relative to the trash piece (1) during sawing of the end portion (13) in the direction (15). A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the circular saw blade (14) during sawing about a circular saw blade rotation axis (16) is rotated and the circular saw blade rotation axis (16) when sawing the end portion (13) over the entire thickness (11) of the waste piece (1) out becomes. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at the same time on two opposite sides (17, 18) of the workpiece (5) a notch gap (8) in each case a waste piece (1) is sawed. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the incision gap (8), preferably with the incision saw (12), simultaneously with a dividing cut for sawing the workpiece (5) or the remaining workpiece (7) or simultaneously with an additional Sawing cut on another edge (19) of the workpiece (5) is sawed, wherein the dividing section or the additional trimming cut with a, preferably along an additional cutting line (20) of the panel dividing system (3) movable, additional sawing device (21) Panel splitting plant (3) a dividing section gap (22) or an additional Besäumschnittspalt (23) is sawed through the workpiece (5). A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the remaining workpiece (7) by means of dividing section in two completely separate workpiece parts (24) is sawed or from the workpiece (5) by means of the additional Besäumschnitts an additional piece of waste (25) is sawed off completely. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the workpiece (5) for sawing the incision gap (8) or the incision gaps (8) of a first feed device (26) of the plate-splitting system (3) in a first feed direction (27). at least one or the incision saw (12) is fed and then by a second feed device (28) of the plate dividing system (3) in a second feed direction (29) of the sawing device (2) of the plate dividing plant (3) for sawing the waste piece (1) by means the first feed direction (27) runs transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the second feed direction (29) or the workpiece (5) after being transported in the first feed direction (27), preferably by a rotating device of the plate dividing system (3). , is rotated and then transported in the second feed direction (29). Plate dividing installation (3) with at least one sawing device (2) and at least one support table (30) and at least one feed device (26, 28) for transporting a plate or plate stack-shaped workpiece (5) to be sawn on the support table (30) along a feed path (FIG. 31) towards the sawing device (2), characterized in that the plate dividing plant (3), in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, on the feed path (31) in front of the sawing device (2) at least one incision saw (12). wherein at least one saw blade of the incision saw (12) exclusively in Edge region (32) of the support table (30) for sawing the or at least one incision gap (8) in a waste piece (1) on the edge (4) of the workpiece (5) transversely, preferably orthogonally, to a feed direction (27, 29) of the Feed path (31) in the region of the incision saw (12) is movable. Panel dividing installation (3) according to claim 12, characterized in that the saw blade of the incision saw (12) is a circular saw blade (14) which, when sawing, rotates about a circular saw blade rotation axis (16) and in at least one direction (33) normal to the support table (30). is movable, wherein in this traversing movement in the direction (33) normal to the support table (30), the circular saw blade rotation axis (16) at least also above the support table (30) is arranged. Panel dividing installation (3) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the panel dividing installation (3) has two incision saws (12) on the feed path (31) in front of the sawing unit (2), wherein in each case at least one saw blade of the respective incision saw (12) exclusively in each case one of two mutually opposite edge regions (32) of the support table (30) for sawing each one incision gap (8) in each case a waste piece (1) on opposite edges (4) of the workpiece (5) transversely, preferably orthogonally, to one Feed direction (27, 29) of the feed path (31) in the region of the incision saw (12) is movable. Panel dividing installation (3) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the incision saw (12) or the incision saws (12) along the feed path (31) is movable or are.

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