EP3073802A1 - Chauffage à induction portable - Google Patents
Chauffage à induction portable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3073802A1 EP3073802A1 EP15160845.2A EP15160845A EP3073802A1 EP 3073802 A1 EP3073802 A1 EP 3073802A1 EP 15160845 A EP15160845 A EP 15160845A EP 3073802 A1 EP3073802 A1 EP 3073802A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- induction heater
- tank circuit
- oscillator
- current
- amps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 2
- HJVCHYDYCYBBQX-HLTLHRPFSA-N (2s,3s,4e,6e,8s,9s)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](N)/C=C/C(/C)=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HJVCHYDYCYBBQX-HLTLHRPFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150116266 RR24 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBLZLIFKVPJDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N omega-Aminododecanoic acid Natural products NCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O PBLZLIFKVPJDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/14—Tools, e.g. nozzles, rollers, calenders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to portable, handheld induction heaters, particularly those used in the automotive aftermarket, for selectively heating automotive metallic and adjacent components, and removing components bonded or attached to metallic surfaces (e.g., fasteners), or for removing structure attached by means of adhesive (e.g., glass).
- portable, handheld induction heaters particularly those used in the automotive aftermarket, for selectively heating automotive metallic and adjacent components, and removing components bonded or attached to metallic surfaces (e.g., fasteners), or for removing structure attached by means of adhesive (e.g., glass).
- Portable, handheld induction heaters are known. See for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6,563,096 and 6,670,590 , titled “Eddy Current/Hysteretic Heater Apparatus And Method Of Use” and “Eddy Current/Hysteretic Heater Apparatus,” respectively, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application.
- Currently available handheld induction heaters run on power supplied at 110-240 VAC.
- the size envelope may be about 15 inches (381mm) long, and about 1-2.5 inches (about 24.4 mm - 63.5mm) in variable width.
- induction heaters It would also be advantageous to provide such induction heaters with a mechanism for automatically shutting them off in certain circumstances which might render them dangerous to a user (e.g., over-current and over-voltage situations, hooking up to improper voltage source, over-heating, etc.). It is also desirable to provide such induction heaters which can handle relatively high currents over a specified range of frequencies, and which heat efficiently while staying in resonance during the heating cycle.
- Automotive applications means applications for selectively heating automotive metallic and adjacent components, and removing components bonded or attached to metallic surfaces (e.g., fasteners), or for removing structure attached by means of adhesive (e.g., glass).
- a portable, handheld induction heater as specified in claim 1.
- a portable, handheld induction heater as specified in any of claims 2 - 15.
- One preferred embodiment includes a portable, handheld induction heater used in automotive applications and capable of attachment to differently-sized work coils.
- the induction heater uses DC power, a solid-state high-side switch, and runs on voltages between 10.5 and 14.5 volts, such as 12 volts.
- the induction heater preferably includes a self-resonating oscillator, which may include two inverting amplifiers tied together, that automatically tunes to the work coil to maintain resonance; a tank circuit for circulating current through the work coil, in order to induce a magnetic field in the material to be heated by the induction heater; and a near-zero detector circuit for maintaining operation of the oscillator at a frequency of resonance for the tank circuit.
- the tank circuit includes one or more power MOSFETs, although highly efficient bipolar transistors might be used instead.
- the tank circuit may include first and second power MOSFETs, with only one of power MOSFETs being powered up at a time.
- the one or more power MOSFETs preferably operate within a resistance range of about 0.001-0.003 ohms.
- the tank circuit is designed to handle current in the range of about 10-90 amps, and operates in a frequency range of between about 25-75 kHz.
- the tank circuit may include a plurality of capacitors in parallel with each other, providing a current load of at least about 96 amps.
- the induction heater is preferably portable.
- the induction heater may be designed to fit within the following size envelope: about 15-inches (381mm) long, and about 1-2.5 inches (about 24.4 mm - 63.5mm) in variable width.
- the induction heater is also preferably capable of handling continuous current in a range of about 40-60 amps, and of handling surge currents up to about 140 amps.
- the induction heater may use one or more cooling fans, such as those capable of providing up to about 8.8 CFM (4.153 l/s), or between about 8.8-15.9 CFM (4.153 l/s - 7.504 l/s).
- the induction heater utilizes a printed circuit board including at least 3-ounce (85.05 g) double-sided copper paths having an array of plated through via.
- the induction heater may also have an attachable battery pack for portably powering the induction heater.
- FIGURE 1 a schematic block diagram of the general layout of the electrical circuit for a preferred embodiment of the portable induction heater of the present invention is shown. Comparison to a more detailed electrical diagram, FIGURE 2 , may be helpful.
- a DC power source e.g., batteries such as VBat1-3 shown on the left side of FIGURE 2
- reverse polarity protection may be provided (see, e.g., Q5 at the lower left of FIGURE 2 ).
- overvoltage lockout may be provided (see, e.g., the black dot above R6 on the left side of FIGURE 2 ).
- a high-side switch may be provided (e.g., VND5EC6 just above Q7 on the left side of FIGURE 2 ).
- operating fault detectors e.g., switch protection, overvoltage lockout, etc., shown in various locations on FIGURE 2
- fault shut down with auto restart e.g., "3.5 sec fault restart delay” on FIGURE 2
- fan and voltage protection may be provided, as shown in various locations at FIGURE 2 .
- Oscillator 45 and feedback circuit 50 of FIGURE 1 may be provided as shown by the "oscillator and feedback circuit" ("OF circuit") in the lower rectangular box of FIGURE 2 .
- MOSFET drivers 50 of FIGURE 1 are exemplified by U2A and U2B within the OF circuit of FIGURE 2 .
- MOSFET 60 of FIGURE 1 is exemplified by MOSFETS Q1-Q4 within the "tank circuit" of FIGURE 2 .
- An exemplary LC tank circuit 65 is shown in FIGURE 2 by the upper rectangular box labeled "tank circuit.”
- box 70 of FIGURE 1 is exemplified in FIGURE 2 by the work coil (L2 on the far right side of FIGURE 2 ) and a load (not shown, such as a fastener to be loosened).
- a preferred OF circuit includes a pair of inverting amplifiers U2A, U2B with feedback.
- U2A and U2B preferably oscillate at the highest frequency they are capable of, but for the cross-coupled feedback through the resistors (R13, R23) and capacitors (C7, C14) on each amplifier.
- the RC network preferably provides a delay that sets the oscillator frequency and ensures that the output of amplifiers U2A, U2B will always be complimentary.
- the outputs of amplifiers U2A, U2B preferably turn the gates of power MOSFET pairs Q1, Q2 and Q3, Q4 on, alternately.
- This configuration is preferred as it guarantees a start-up frequency that will only drive one MOSFET on at a time. (Powering up both MOSFETs at the same time can draw an excessive amount of current that may damage the MOSFET.)
- the LC network formed by C1-C6, C1b-C6b and L2 circulates current through work coil L2. L2 is used to induce a magnetic field in the material to be heated.
- the LC network at resonance preferably recirculates the energy, producing an alternating magnetic field within work coil L2.
- the tank circuit functions to increase voltage/power while handling relatively high current in the range of about 10-90 amps.
- capacitors such as 12 capacitors, each rated at 1 microfarad, for example, and each of which is capable of handling a substantial amperage (e.g., 8 or 9 amps), providing about or greater than 100 amps of current load.
- L1 preferably functions to feed current to center-tapped inductor L3, L4.
- the chosen value of L1 preferably limits the peak current that the MOSFETs can draw from power source SW DC.
- Q1, Q2 When Q1, Q2 is on, current flows through L3, charging this side of the center- tapped inductor.
- L4 may be charged by Q3, Q4.
- the MOSFET turns off, the energy stored in that half of the L3, L4 inductor is preferably released into the portion of the tank circuit formed by C1- C6, C1b-C6b and L2. This action boosts the voltage across the tank circuit and allows a very large current, such as up to 170 amps peak in the preferred embodiment, to develop across C1-C6, C1b-C6b and L2.
- the oscillator timing components R13, C7 and R23, C14 set the start-up frequency that must be less than the lowest frequency that the tank circuit needs for resonance.
- the circuit consisting of D10, Q10, C15 and Q11 detects the near zero voltage point at the drain of MOSFET Q1, Q2 and injects a pulse that forces the input of U2A low, forcing Q1, Q2 on.
- the two amplifiers U2A, U2B are slaved or tied together to be complimentary, this turns MOSFET Q3, Q4 off.
- the identical circuit consisting of D9, Q8, C10 and Q9 detects the near-zero voltage point at the drain of Q3, Q4 and injects a pulse that forces the input of U2B low, forcing Q3, Q4 on and completing the cycle.
- the near-zero voltage point indicates the transfer of charge has completed, and that it is the appropriate time to change polarities.
- This feedback forces the oscillator frequency to match the resonant frequency of the tank circuit by shortening each half cycle.
- the value of L2 will vary by the size of the work coil (its diameter and length), and the load when introduced to the flux field created by the current in the work coil.
- the load represented by a ferrous or conductive material in the field of the work coil changes its properties as it heats until the curie point of the material is reached. There is an abrupt change in the material at this point, limiting the temperature attainable by induction heating.
- the resonant frequency must be continuously adjusted each half cycle of the oscillation to react to these changes dynamically.
- the tank circuit operates in a frequency range of between about 25-75 kHz. It has been found that by reducing the frequency of the tank circuit to this range, a deeper penetration of the magnetic field (more than just skin effects) is provided by the work coil to the material being heated.
- the energy shifts from C1- C6, C1b-C6b to L2 there is a point where the voltage across one end of the tank circuit approaches zero.
- the waveforms at resonance appear as shown across L2.
- the voltage across the inductor preferably appears as a sine wave of alternate polarities from the alternate switching of the MOSFETs driving each end. It can be seen from FIGURE 3 that the resulting current through the inductor appears as an out-of-phase sine wave with the voltage.
- the inductive load varies for different inductive heating applications, it is preferable to provide a mechanism to keep the oscillator operating at the frequency of resonance for the tank circuit.
- the near-zero detector circuit output can be delayed by the RC timing of R14, C12 and RR24, C16 for each respective half-cycle, in order to achieve the zero voltage point if needed. If the L3, L4 tapped inductor is not balanced, due to manufacturing tolerances, the circuit adjusts the duty cycle of the frequency to compensate.
- this self-resonating oscillator tuned to an attached work coil, for example, it will be understood that as the load changes the oscillator re-tunes to maintain resonance for maximum power through the work coil. In other words, different work coils can be accommodated, as the circuit will seek resonance and provide maximum power for each.
- MOSFETs Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 which operate within certain relatively low resistance ranges, such as .001-.003 ohms, such as STP310N1F7 available from ST Micro Electronics. While the RDSon (resistance value when the MOSFET turns on) may be higher than that specified above, using multiple MOSFETS in parallel will also achieve desirable resistance values in this range, which will keep the MOSFETS cool while operating.
- a solid-state high-side switch capable of handling continuous current in the range of about 50-60 amps, and surge current in the range of about 100-140 amps, such as VND5E006ASP-E available from ST Micro Electronics, may be used.
- 3-ounce (85.05g) double-sided copper paths (6 total ounces (170.1 total grams) of copper) may be used, with an array of plated through via.
- a cross-sectional area capable of handling the high current is produced on the PCB.
- a cooling fan capable of providing 8.8 CFM (4.153 l/s), up to 15.9 CFM (7.504 l/s) or more if desired, may also be used to keep the feed inductor, the MOSFETs and the capacitors sufficiently cool.
- One such cooling fan is AD0412HB-C50, available from ADDA Corp.
- An attachable battery pack may be accommodated by the present invention.
- Battery packs are available in many different nominal voltages, such as 6, 12, 18 and 24 volts.
- the circuit can be easily modified to accommodate these different battery packs with these different voltages.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15160845.2A EP3073802A1 (fr) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Chauffage à induction portable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15160845.2A EP3073802A1 (fr) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Chauffage à induction portable |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3073802A1 true EP3073802A1 (fr) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=52736915
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15160845.2A Withdrawn EP3073802A1 (fr) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Chauffage à induction portable |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3073802A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6304154B1 (en) * | 1999-02-13 | 2001-10-16 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Circuit arrangement including a self-oscillator circuit |
| US6563096B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2003-05-13 | Pacholok David R | Eddy current/hysteretic heater apparatus and method of use |
| EP1453360A2 (fr) * | 1999-11-03 | 2004-09-01 | Nexicor LLC | Système de chauffage par induction et sa méthode de collage adhésif par chauffage inductif |
| US20050067409A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-03-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Induction heating system for reduced switch stress |
| EP2608634A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-26 | Induction Holding Company, LLC | Chauffage par induction pour applications automobiles |
-
2015
- 2015-03-25 EP EP15160845.2A patent/EP3073802A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6304154B1 (en) * | 1999-02-13 | 2001-10-16 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Circuit arrangement including a self-oscillator circuit |
| EP1453360A2 (fr) * | 1999-11-03 | 2004-09-01 | Nexicor LLC | Système de chauffage par induction et sa méthode de collage adhésif par chauffage inductif |
| US6563096B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2003-05-13 | Pacholok David R | Eddy current/hysteretic heater apparatus and method of use |
| US6670590B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2003-12-30 | David R. Pacholok | Eddy current/hysteretic heater apparatus |
| US20050067409A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-03-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Induction heating system for reduced switch stress |
| EP2608634A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-26 | Induction Holding Company, LLC | Chauffage par induction pour applications automobiles |
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