EP3041919B1 - Arrangement and method for burning fuel - Google Patents

Arrangement and method for burning fuel Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP3041919B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: arrangement; fuel; separator; product gas; combustion plant
Prior art date: 2013-09-03
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Revoked

Application number

EP14781612.8A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP3041919A1 (en

Inventor

Timo Honkola

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Valmet Technologies Oy

Original Assignee

Valmet Technologies Oy

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2013-09-03

Filing date

2014-09-03

Publication date

2017-11-08

Family has litigation

First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=51663213&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP3041919(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2014-09-03 Application filed by Valmet Technologies Oy filed Critical Valmet Technologies Oy

2014-09-03 Priority to SI201430498T priority Critical patent/SI3041919T1/en

2014-09-03 Priority to HRP20171737TT priority patent/HRP20171737T1/hr

2016-07-13 Publication of EP3041919A1 publication Critical patent/EP3041919A1/en

2017-11-08 Application granted granted Critical

2017-11-08 Publication of EP3041919B1 publication Critical patent/EP3041919B1/en

Status Revoked legal-status Critical Current

2034-09-03 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Images

Classifications

- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants

Definitions

the invention relates to an arrangement for fuel burning, the arrangement comprising gasification equipment for converting fuel into a product gas by gasification and a combustion plant for burning the product gas.
the invention also relates to a method for fuel burning, in which method the fuel is converted into product gas by gasification in gasification equipment and the product gas is burned in a combustion plant.
renewable fuels such as agro fuels, waste, or the like, as a replacing energy source.
inventive embodiments are also disclosed in the specification and drawings of this application.
inventive contents of the application may also be defined in ways other than those described in the following claims.
inventive contents may also consist of several separate inventions, particularly if the invention is examined in the light of expressed or implicit sub-tasks or in view of obtained benefits or benefit groups. In such a case, some of the definitions contained in the following claims may be unnecessary in view of the separate inventive ideas.
Features of the different embodiments of the invention may be applied to other embodiments within the scope of the basic inventive idea.
the idea of the invention is that fuel is gasified at a lower temperature so that alkali metals contained in the fuel remain in a solid state and in that the gasified fuel is conveyed to a separator comprising means for purifying the product gas of solids and thus enabling to remove the alkali metals from the product gas to be conveyed into combustion equipment.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional side view of an arrangement and method of the invention.
the arrangement 1 may be intended for burning poor-grade fuels, such as wet biomasses, sludges, recycled fuels, and waste coals; naturally other fuels can also be used.
a boiler is used for burning what are known as agro fuels.
Agro fuel refers to straw, straw pellets, palm oil waste or any other waste produced in agricultural production, for example.
Agro fuels typically originate from fast-growing plants and, thus, contain lots of alkali metals, chlorine and phosphor.
the arrangement comprises gasification equipment 3 for converting the fuel to a product gas by gasification and a separator 4 comprising means for purifying the product gas of solids.
the gasification equipment 3 may be any gasification equipment known per se, such as a circulating fluidized bed gasifier, i.e. a CFB gasifier.
a circulating fluidized bed gasifier i.e. a CFB gasifier.
the gasification of the fuel F takes place in a reactor 7 of the gasification equipment.
Fuel gas P generated in the gasification equipment 3 is conveyed to the separator 4, where solids are separated from it.
Product gas G thus produced is conveyed into the combustion plant.
Substantially all, most preferably 100%, of the gasified fuel flows from the gasification equipment 3 through the separator 4 into the combustion plant.
the arrangement 1 comprises adjustment means 10 for maintaining the gasification temperature in the reactor 7 under 800 °C, preferably within a temperature range of 600 to 750 °C, i.e. below the prior art CFB gasification temperature. According to an idea, the adjustment means 10 adjust the ratio of air to fuel to be conveyed into the reactor 7.
the alkali metals contained in the fuel remain in a solid state.
Alkali metals in solid state flow with the fuel gas P into the separator 4, where they are removed from the product gas G.
the alkali metals content of the product gas to be conveyed into the combustion plant is very low, even to the extent that the product gas G is in practice preferably free of alkali.
the low alkali metals content of the product gas G essentially reduces, or, in practice, even abolishes altogether the corrosion risk of the combustion plant. This allows e.g. corrosion of superheaters possibly provided in the combustion plant to be reduced.
a particularly high amount of alkali metals is found in agro fuels.
Agro fuels show a good reactivity in gasification, which is partly due to the catalysing effect of alkali metals which provides a good carbon conversion in the low temperature range mentioned above.
a further advantage of the low temperature to be mentioned is that it is below the typical sintering temperature of alkali metals, so alkali metals are unlikely to sinter on the surfaces of the reactor 7. This allows the cleaning interval of the reactor 7 to be extended.
reactor 7 walls are made of masonry material, their temperature is rather high. Hence the reactor 7 does not have cold surfaces to which ash, or the like, would attach.
the product gas G may have a fairly high CO content, but this is not a problem because the fuel burns to extinction in a combustion plant following the separator 4.
a heat exchanger 14a, 14b may be arranged between the gasification equipment 3 and the separator 4 and/or between the separator 4 and the combustion plant.
the heat exchanger 14a arranged between the gasification equipment 3 and the separator 4 reduces the temperature of the fuel gas P before the separation step. This allows the temperature prevailing in the separator 4 to be reduced, which makes it possible to manufacture the separator 4 using affordable materials.
the heat exchanger 14b arranged between the separator 4 and combustion plant reduces the temperature of the product gas G to be conveyed into the combustion plant, which in turn decreases the combustion temperature and reduces the melting of the ash in the combustion plant.
the heat exchangers 14a, 14b allow heat energy to be recovered for utilization in the arrangement 1 or outside it.
the separator 4 may be an apparatus based on a cyclone, multi-cyclone, separator, ceramic filter, electric filter, or a similar device in which solid particles contained in the fuel gas and the alkali metals they carry can be removed or at least the amount of them substantially reduced so that the product gas G to be supplied into the combustion plant contains substantially less alkali metals than the fuel gas P.
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a second and Figure 3 of a third arrangement and method of the invention.
the gasification equipment is a CFB-type gasifier.
Fuel F is conveyed through one or more fuel supply channels 8 into the reactor 7 of the CFB gasifier.
the walls of the reactor 7 are most preferably of a masonry material, although they may also be composed of a membrane wall comprising cooling pipes that are typically arranged side by side and parallel with one another and interconnected by fins, or as a plate structure or as a combination of these wall structures.
the operation of the CFB gasifier is based on recycling of the bed material. This kind of situation is achieved by increasing the flow rate of the fluidization gas to be higher than the terminal rate of the particles. As a result, the bed becomes turbulent and the particles are carried in the fluidization gas to the top part of the gasifier 7 and from there into the cyclone 6 of the gasifier.
the CFB gasifier naturally comprises components and structures not shown in the figures for simplicity of presentation. These include nozzles for supplying primary air and/or circulation gas into the reactor 7, channels for supplying reagents and other additives possibly needed in the gasification, etc.
the bed material is separated from the gas flow, whereby fuel gas P is produced.
the operation of the cyclone 6 is based on a strong rotating motion in which what is known as centrifugal force separates the bed material outward onto the cyclone walls from where it accumulates onto the bottom of the cyclone 6.
the bed material is returned through a return channel 9 back into the bottom part of the reactor 7.
the fuel gas P is conveyed from the cyclone 6 into the separator 4.
the separator 4 may comprise a cyclone, or one of the other separators mentioned above, which separates solids S from the fuel gas.
the product gas G produced as a result of the separation is conveyed into the combustion plant.
the solids separated in the separator 4 may contain inert ash, nutrients usable for plants, incombustible coal, and the like.
the solids may be utilized e.g. as such or further processed into products for use or returned into the nature.
the bottom ash on the bottom of the reactor 7 may contain coal. It may be removed by means of a bottom ash oxidizer 11, such as a wind sieve known per se. The oxidizer blows air and, with it, the light coal upward for gasification in the reactor 7.
bottom ash that accumulates on the bottom of the reactor 7 may be removed by bottom ash removal means 12 known per se and not disclosed here for simplification of the disclosure.
FIG 4 is a schematic view of a combustion plant arrangement in which the arrangement and method of the invention is applied.
the combustion plant arrangement comprises the separator 4 already disclosed above and the combustion plant 5 arranged after it.
the product gas G is burned in the combustion plant 5 and the thermal energy generated by the combustion is recovered.
the combustion plant 5 may be a boiler, known per se, in which the product gas G may be burned and the generated thermal energy is recovered into water and/or steam by means of different thermal surfaces, such as the boiler walls, superheaters, boiling surfaces and economizers.
the combustion plant 5 may be a furnace, such as cement kiln, in which the energy obtained by burning the product gas is used for carrying out a chemical or physical process.
the combustion plant arrangement may comprise fuel pre-processing means 2, which may include drying means for reducing the moisture content of the wet fuel.
the drying means may comprise a belt drier, for example.
features disclosed in this application may be used as such, regardless of other features.
features disclosed in this application may be combined in order to provide different combinations.
the arrangement of the invention is characterized in that: the gasification equipment comprises means for gasifying fuel to produce a product gas at a low temperature and in that the arrangement further comprises a separator arranged between the gasification equipment and the combustion plant so that substantially all the product gas flows through it from the gasification equipment into the combustion plant, the separator comprising means for purifying the product gas of solids.
the method of the invention is characterized by adjusting the temperature of the gasification equipment so that it is at most 800°C, conveying the fuel gas generated in the gasification from the gasification equipment into the separator, purifying the fuel of solids, whereby product gas is produced, and conveying the product gas into the combustion plant for combustion.

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Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

EP14781612.8A 2013-09-03 2014-09-03 Arrangement and method for burning fuel Revoked EP3041919B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
SI201430498T SI3041919T1 (en)	2013-09-03	2014-09-03	Arrangement and method for burning fuel
HRP20171737TT HRP20171737T1 (hr)	2013-09-03	2014-09-03	Sustav za i postupak izgaranja goriva

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FI20135887A FI126917B (fi)	2013-09-03	2013-09-03	Järjestely ja menetelmä polttoaineen polttamiseksi
PCT/FI2014/050673 WO2015033022A1 (en)	2013-09-03	2014-09-03	Arrangement and method for burning fuel

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP3041919A1 EP3041919A1 (en)	2016-07-13
EP3041919B1 true EP3041919B1 (en)	2017-11-08

Family

ID=51663213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP14781612.8A Revoked EP3041919B1 (en)	2013-09-03	2014-09-03	Arrangement and method for burning fuel

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP3041919B1 (fi)
FI (1)	FI126917B (fi)
HR (1)	HRP20171737T1 (fi)
HU (1)	HUE035411T2 (fi)
SI (1)	SI3041919T1 (fi)
WO (1)	WO2015033022A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
CN105588120B (zh) *	2016-03-02	2018-05-11	内蒙古金土环保科技有限公司	一种脱硫泛氧燃烧系统
CN106635179B (zh) *	2017-01-23	2019-03-08	江苏华威机械制造有限公司	一种循环流化床与热解床复合气化的工艺及其装置

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US4676177A (en)	1985-10-09	1987-06-30	A. Ahlstrom Corporation	Method of generating energy from low-grade alkaline fuels
US5536285A (en)	1993-07-12	1996-07-16	Foster Wheeler Energia Oy	Ceramic filtering of gases
EP0920485B1 (en)	1995-11-28	2000-05-03	Foster Wheeler Energia Oy	Method and apparatus for utilizing biofuel or waste material in energy production
EP2133402A2 (en)	2008-06-13	2009-12-16	Metso Power Oy	Solution for treating lime mud
JP2011220543A (ja)	2010-04-05	2011-11-04	Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd	ボイラ設備

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DE3217030A1 (de) *	1982-05-06	1983-11-10	BKMI Industrieanlagen GmbH, 8000 München	Verfahren zur verschwelung und vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen feststoffen
US5059404A (en) *	1989-02-14	1991-10-22	Manufacturing And Technology Conversion International, Inc.	Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes
AU759861B2 (en) *	1998-11-05	2003-05-01	Ebara Corporation	Power generation system based on gasification of combustible material

2013
- 2013-09-03 FI FI20135887A patent/FI126917B/fi active IP Right Review Request
2014
- 2014-09-03 HU HUE14781612A patent/HUE035411T2/en unknown
- 2014-09-03 WO PCT/FI2014/050673 patent/WO2015033022A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-09-03 EP EP14781612.8A patent/EP3041919B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2014-09-03 HR HRP20171737TT patent/HRP20171737T1/hr unknown
- 2014-09-03 SI SI201430498T patent/SI3041919T1/en unknown

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US4676177A (en)	1985-10-09	1987-06-30	A. Ahlstrom Corporation	Method of generating energy from low-grade alkaline fuels
US5536285A (en)	1993-07-12	1996-07-16	Foster Wheeler Energia Oy	Ceramic filtering of gases
EP0920485B1 (en)	1995-11-28	2000-05-03	Foster Wheeler Energia Oy	Method and apparatus for utilizing biofuel or waste material in energy production
EP2133402A2 (en)	2008-06-13	2009-12-16	Metso Power Oy	Solution for treating lime mud
JP2011220543A (ja)	2010-04-05	2011-11-04	Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd	ボイラ設備

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
FI126917B (fi)	2017-08-15
EP3041919A1 (en)	2016-07-13
HRP20171737T1 (hr)	2018-01-26
WO2015033022A1 (en)	2015-03-12
HUE035411T2 (en)	2018-05-02
FI20135887L (fi)	2015-03-04
SI3041919T1 (en)	2018-04-30

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US5626088A (en)	1997-05-06	Method and apparatus for utilizing biofuel or waste material in energy production
FI123180B (fi)	2012-12-14	Laitteisto pyrolyysituotteen valmistamiseksi
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RU2766422C2 (ru)	2022-03-15	Устройство газификации биомассы
JP5518161B2 (ja)	2014-06-11	ガス化装置
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KR20140080453A (ko)	2014-06-30	열 교환기가 구비된 순환 유동층 가스화기
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JP2012241990A (ja)	2012-12-10	流動層乾燥装置

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