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EP2928986B1 - Dispositif sous forme d'un réacteur de thermolyse rotatif, et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit réacteur dans un système de décomposition thermique de résidus et de déchets - Google Patents

Dispositif sous forme d'un réacteur de thermolyse rotatif, et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit réacteur dans un système de décomposition thermique de résidus et de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2928986B1
EP2928986B1 EP13826992.3A EP13826992A EP2928986B1 EP 2928986 B1 EP2928986 B1 EP 2928986B1 EP 13826992 A EP13826992 A EP 13826992A EP 2928986 B1 EP2928986 B1 EP 2928986B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tools
rotating
thermolysis
shaft
outer jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13826992.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2928986A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartwig Streitenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hs Techtransfer Ug (haftungsbeschraenkt) & Cokg
Original Assignee
Hs Techtransfer Ug (haftungsbeschrankt) & CoKg
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Publication of EP2928986A1 publication Critical patent/EP2928986A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/007—Screw type gasifiers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor according to the preamble of the claims and a method for operating such a reactor in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of waste products and waste.
  • a moving bed gasifier which comprises a carburetor chamber with a carburetor space and a carburetor, wherein the carburetor space is surrounded by a carburetor shell and having a synthesis gas outlet at its one, closed end and communicating via its second, open end via the carburetor shell with the carburetor ,
  • the carburetor is in its interior formed as a carburetor pot into which an entry device and at least one feed lead.
  • the gasifier pot on a recessed bottom with respect to the gasifier chamber, the bottom opens into a central shaft.
  • Stirrer which are rotatably mounted in the carburetor pot via a stirrer shaft, wherein the agitator shaft is surrounded by a conveyor.
  • the carburetor pot encloses with the carburetor jacket an insulation space through which the entry device, the feed, central shaft and the agitator shaft are guided with conveying device, wherein the carburetor base casing supports this.
  • a carburetor dome is arranged in the manner that a gap is generated between the carburetor dome and the carburetor jacket and / or the carburetor.
  • thermolysis reactor comprising an outer sheath and an inner sheath forming a double sheath, the inner sheath being surrounded by the outer sheath such that between the inner sheath and the outer sheath a gap exists, the double jacket has an entry, a discharge, at least one gasification agent Einitati and a distributor and the inner shell encloses an interior, which is bounded at the ends of lids.
  • the gap at the ends of the double jacket formed by the inner jacket and outer sheath closes against the environment and the covers support a shaft, wherein in the gap and the shaft is a heat carrier, the shaft is mounted centrally in the lids and carries a delivery tool.
  • thermolysis reactor is according to DE 10 2009 007 768.5 used to carry out a process in which the thermolysis reactor is tilted so that the discharge is above the entry.
  • the shaft is driven and in the shaft and the double jacket heated liquid heat carrier is generated and moved.
  • This liquid heat carrier is fluidically guided in the gap by the guide, wherein the material to be treated is guided by means of conveying tool from the entry in the direction of discharge and heated in this transport by means of supplied gasification agent.
  • thermochemical reaction stop A continuous and stable temperature-controlled control of the process is no longer possible. The process comes to a standstill. Due to this unstable process control, not only is the demolition of the entire pyrolysis process occurring, but also local overheating and thus distortion of the thermolysis chamber. Regardless of the extremely fluctuating gas quality, the thermochemical reduction of the material is not completed and thus leads to adverse process conditions of subsequent arrangements. From the DE 199 32 822 A1 and the DE 196 14 689 A1 Feeders for reactors in the form of a conveyor or screw conveyor are known. These conveyors also have the disadvantages listed above.
  • DE 27 25 650 A1 discloses an apparatus and method for heating volatiles-containing solid materials.
  • WO 2010/096038 A1 discloses a screw gasifier.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor, which avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, in particular a forced movement of the material to be treated in the reactor organized, not the existing bed of thermolysis reaction destroys and prevents blockages in the reactor as well as slag and separate embers, in order to ensure stable and uniform process control of the thermolysis process.
  • this object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first and the ninth patent claim. Further favorable embodiments of the invention are specified in the subordinate claims.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor of a tubular outer shell with end-capping lids, an interior, one in the lids centrally stored wave, entry tools and discharge tools, which are placed at the beginning or at the end of the shaft within the thermolysis-rotary reactor, wherein on the shaft spiral runner helixes are fixed and the runner helical spirals, one or more times, near the Inside the outer shell are arranged in the interior and have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape, characterized in that at the beginning and at the end of the shaft insertion tools and discharge tools are placed, which are movable by means of the shaft by a drive unit, wherein the entry tools within the effective range of the spiral runner helixes are arranged simply or multiply parallel to the shaft and below a Guteintrages.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is in a horizontal storage on a frame.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is operated in such a way that the Gutaustrag positioned at the opposite end below the Guteintrages and the shaft is driven externally via a drive unit, wherein the material to be treated mixed and loosened by means of entry tools, then by means of skids- Coils is transported axially and radially, and the material flow through the Vergasungsffeneinträge and the VergasungsffenJraum with a gasification agent, preferably with hot air and mixed oxygen for initiating exothermic and endothermic processes, is applied.
  • a gasification agent preferably with hot air and mixed oxygen for initiating exothermic and endothermic processes
  • the gasification agent flows under slight negative pressure and without interruption and destruction of the ember bed only by the material flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows a thermolysis-rotary reactor, which consists of a tubular outer shell (1), in whose interior (3) takes place a thermo-chemical reaction in the form of an autothermal degassing (partial oxidation) of the raw material under a slight negative pressure.
  • This outer shell (1) has at its two ends in each case a the interior (3) final lid (2) and is surrounded by an insulation (16).
  • insertion tools (6) and discharge tools (7) are placed inside the thermolysis-rotary reactor and are movable by a drive unit (10).
  • a Guteintrag (8) is arranged and below the discharge tools (7) located in the wall of the reactor, a Gutaustrag (9).
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor two divided and perforated VergasugsffenJöchte (11) are arranged axially and centrally in the lower part of the wall of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
  • separate gasification agent entries (12) and a gas outlet (13) are passed through the wall of the thermolysis-rotation reactor.
  • the gas discharge (13) is arranged laterally above in the entry area.
  • lock A (14) and lock B (15) are arranged.
  • pressure reliefs (16) and various measuring nozzles (17) are still passed.
  • the thermolysis-rotary reactor is surrounded by a thermal insulation (18) and is mounted horizontally on a frame (19).
  • the runner coils (5) are spirally, one or more times, executed near the inside of the tubular outer shell (1) in the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
  • the runner coils (5) have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape.
  • the entry tools (6) may have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape,
  • the discharge tools (7) above the Gutaustrags (9) are arranged simply or repeatedly.
  • the discharge tools (7) may have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape.
  • the gasification agent shafts (11) are preferably perforated or slotted.
  • the Guteitrag (8) preferably has a rotary valve.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor The gas outlet (13) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor can be placed both centrally and at the end and the lock A (14) and the lock B (15) are preferably designed as a rotary valve.
  • the thermolysis-rotary reactor is preferably arranged horizontally on a frame (19) (horizontal storage).
  • This thermolysis-rotary reactor is operated as follows: The solid (selected, shredded, preheated and predried) waste materials, hereinafter referred to as good, are fed via the product feed (8) into the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor. The entry of the goods is such that only very small amounts of ambient air with enter the interior (3).
  • a rotary valve is preferably used.
  • the inner space (3) surrounded by the tubular outer casing (1) and the laterally closing lids (2) carries the centrally arranged shaft (4) with insertion tools (6), runner spirals (5) and discharge tools (7), wherein in the operating state by the rotational movement of the shaft (4) with said attachments a continuous transport of the goods from Guteintrag (8) to the Gutaustrag (9).
  • the shaft (4) is guided centrally in the lids (2) on the entry and discharge side and driven by an external drive unit (10).
  • the material passes preferably at a temperature of 50 ° C to 100 ° C, an edge length of about 35 mm and a residual moisture content of 10 to 15 Ma% in the thermolysis-rotation reactor.
  • gasification agent preferably enriched oxygen air
  • the gasification agent entries (12) and their distribution via the gasification agent shafts (11) installed in the lower region the gasification agent passes into the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotation reactor.
  • the resulting reaction gas flows through the flow of material, the reaction mixture, up into the free space (3) and is proportionately taken through the gas outlet (13) and passed into the next unit. Separately, the resulting thermolysis coke is discharged over the Gutaustrag (10) or forwarded to the next unit.
  • the material By the supply of heat via the gasification agent, the material is residue-dried and then pyrolyzed.
  • the gases released in this thermal process react proportionally with the gasification agent and thus generate part of the required process heat.
  • the gasification agent is metered to the extent that a targeted smoldering of the goods takes place. This is preferably done at temperatures of 350 to 550 ° C.
  • the complete product has become carbonaceous solid particles and implemented hydrocarbon process gas. All solid and proportionate gaseous components are discharged via the Gutaustrag (9).
  • the supply of separated carbon preferably from the following units, is provided via a lock A (14).
  • Another lock B (15) allows the supply of additives, preferably lime.
  • the pressure relief (16) installed in the upper tubular outer casing (1) serves to relieve pressure.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor To ensure the procedural process control located in the tubular outer shell (1), preferably in an axial arrangement, measuring nozzle (17) for receiving sensors.
  • the entire thermolysis-rotary reactor is thermally insulated to stabilize the process temperature via an insulation (18) and mounted on a frame (19), which allows a longitudinal expansion due to thermal expansion.
  • the main advantages of the thermolysis-rotary reactor according to the invention are that it organizes a uniform and forced movement of the material to be treated in the reactor, the existing bed of thermolysis reaction is not destroyed and thus blockages in the reactor and slag and separate Glutnester prevented to ensure stable and uniform process control of the thermolysis process.
  • the continuous undulating course of the flow of goods prevents interruptions, the destruction of the ember bed, nesting and hotspots.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif contenant une enveloppe extérieure tubulaire (1) munie de couvercles (2) fermant ses extrémités, un espace intérieur (3), un arbre (4) monté centralement dans les couvercles (2), des outils d'alimentation (6) et des outils d'évacuation (7) qui sont placés dans l'espace intérieur (3) respectivement au début et à l'extrémité de l'arbre (4) et des lames hélicoïdales (5) étant fixées sur l'arbre (4) et les lames hélicoïdales (5) étant disposées en forme hélicoïdale, une ou plusieurs fois, près de la face intérieure de l'enveloppe extérieure tubulaire (1) dans l'espace intérieur (3) et possédant une forme carrée, rectangulaire, ronde ou ovale, est caractérisé en ce que des outils d'alimentation (6) et des outils d'évacuation (7) sont placés au début et à l'extrémité de l'arbre (4) lesquels outils pouvant être déplacés au moyen de l'arbre (4) par une unité d'entraînement (10) et les outils d'alimentation (6) étant disposés dans la zone utile des lames hélicoïdales (5) simple ou plusieurs fois en parallèle à l'arbre (4) et au-dessous d'une entrée du produit (8).
  2. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant la revendication 1 est caractérisé en ce que les outils d'alimentation (6) et les outils d'évacuation (7) sont réalisés une ou plusieurs fois, possèdent une forme carrée, rectangulaire, ronde ou ovale et les outils d'évacuation (7) sont disposés au-dessus d'une sortie de produit (9).
  3. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant la revendication 2 est caractérisé en ce que l'entrée du produit (8) est disposée à la hauteur de chute aux outils d'alimentation (6) dans la paroi de l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et la sortie du produit (9) est disposée au-dessous des outils d'évacuation (7) dans la parois du réacteur.
  4. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant la revendication 3 est caractérisé en ce que deux conduits d'agent de dégazage (11) partagés et perforés sont disposés axialement et centralement dans la partie inférieure de la paroi de l'enveloppe extérieure (1).
  5. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant la revendication 4 est caractérisé en ce que des conduits séparés d'alimentation d'agent de dégazage (12) et un conduit d'évacuation de gaz (13) traversent la paroi de l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et le conduit d'évacuation de gaz (13) est disposé latéralement en haut dans la zone d'alimentation.
  6. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant la revendication 5 est caractérisé en ce qu'un sas A (14) et un sas B (15) sont disposés centralement et au-dessus de l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et des dispositif de décharge de pression (16) ainsi que de divers tubulures de mesure (17) traversent la paroi de l'enveloppe extérieure (1).
  7. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes 1 à 6 est caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe extérieure (1) est enrobée d'une isolation thermique (18) et placée horizontalement sur un support (19).
  8. Réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes 1 à 7 est caractérisé en ce que les conduits centraux d'agent de dégazage (11) sont réalisés de façon perforée ou fendue, l'entrée du produit (8) est munie d'un sas rotatif et le sas A (14) et le sas B (15) sont respectivement réalisés comme sas rotatif.
  9. Procédé pour le service d'un réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes 1 à 7 pendant lequel le produit à traiter est introduit dans l'entrée du produit (8) et les produits finaux de thermolyse sortent de la sortie du produit (9) à l'extrémité opposée du réacteur de thermolyse rotatif et l'arbre (4) est entraîné de façon externe par une unité d'entraînement (10), le produit à traiter est mixé et ameubli au moyen des outils d'alimentation (6) et ensuite transporté de façon axiale et radiale dans l'espace intérieur (3) au moyen des lames hélicoïdales (5) et, par les conduits d'alimentation d'agent de dégazage (12) et les conduits d'agent de dégazage (11), le flux de produit est soumis à un agent de gazage, de préférence de l'air chaud et de l'oxygène mélangée pour amorcer des processus exotherme et endotherme, et à l'aide des lames hélicoïdales (5) près de la face intérieure de l'enveloppe extérieure tubulaire (1) dans l'espace intérieur (3), le produit est levé par une impulsion axiale et radial contraignante pour être transporté ensuite de façon ameublie et continue et en forme ondulée dans la direction des outils d'évacuation (7) et de la sortie du produit (9) et l'agent de dégazage seulement circulent à travers du flux de produit sans interruption et destruction du lit de braises et sous une légère dépression.
  10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9 est caractérisé en ce que l'agent de dégazage est préchauffé à une température de jusqu'à 500°C et est entrée au-dessous du produit par au moins un conduit d'alimentation d'agent de dégazage (12) et /ou ou moins un conduit d'agent de dégazage (11).
  11. Procédé suivant la revendication 10 est caractérisé en ce que - pour stabiliser les conditions du processus et en particulier le besoin en énergie pour le processus exotherme - le sas A (14) est utilisé pour alimenter le carbone séparé de préférence des groupes suivants et le sas B (15) est utilisé pour ajouter des additives, de la chaux de préférence, pour fixer les polluants et le gaz de processus produit est capté en partie par le conduit d'évacuation de gaz (13) et conduit dans le prochain groupe.
  12. Utilisation d'un réacteur de thermolyse rotatif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes 1 à 8 pour une réaction thermochimique sous la forme d'un dégazage autotherme avec oxydation partielle du matériau.
EP13826992.3A 2012-12-04 2013-12-01 Dispositif sous forme d'un réacteur de thermolyse rotatif, et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit réacteur dans un système de décomposition thermique de résidus et de déchets Active EP2928986B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012024204.2A DE102012024204B4 (de) 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Vorrichtung in Form eines Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen in einer Anordnung zur thermischen Zersetzung von Abprodukten und Abfällen
PCT/DE2013/000783 WO2014086334A1 (fr) 2012-12-04 2013-12-01 Dispositif sous forme d'un réacteur de thermolyse rotatif, et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit réacteur dans un système de décomposition thermique de résidus et de déchets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2928986A1 EP2928986A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
EP2928986B1 true EP2928986B1 (fr) 2019-02-13

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Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9969936B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2928986B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6192735B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN105026521B (fr)
CA (1) CA2893790C (fr)
DE (1) DE102012024204B4 (fr)
HK (1) HK1214289A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2648720C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014086334A1 (fr)

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DE102016121046B4 (de) 2016-11-04 2018-08-02 HS TechTransfer UG (haftungsbeschränkt) & Co. KG Duplex-TEK-Mehrstufen-Vergaser
DE202016106184U1 (de) 2016-11-04 2016-11-17 Hartwig Streitenberger Duplex-TEK-Mehrstufen-Vergaser
BR202018070746U8 (pt) * 2018-10-08 2022-08-16 Arildo Falcade Junior Me Gaseificador de resíduos sólidos e líquidos
CN114410321A (zh) * 2022-01-04 2022-04-29 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 用于含锌废油漆处理的热解回转窑

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CA2893790A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
WO2014086334A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
JP2016508863A (ja) 2016-03-24
CN105026521B (zh) 2018-01-09
EP2928986A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
JP6192735B2 (ja) 2017-09-06
RU2648720C2 (ru) 2018-03-28
CA2893790C (fr) 2022-01-04
CN105026521A (zh) 2015-11-04
US20150322347A1 (en) 2015-11-12
RU2015126860A (ru) 2017-01-12
US9969936B2 (en) 2018-05-15
DE102012024204A1 (de) 2014-06-05
HK1214289A1 (zh) 2016-07-22
DE102012024204B4 (de) 2018-02-01

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