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EP2923169A1 - Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism - Google Patents

Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism

Info

Publication number
EP2923169A1
EP2923169A1 EP13792016.1A EP13792016A EP2923169A1 EP 2923169 A1 EP2923169 A1 EP 2923169A1 EP 13792016 A EP13792016 A EP 13792016A EP 2923169 A1 EP2923169 A1 EP 2923169A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closure
piston
cylinder
closure part
brake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13792016.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2923169B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Schmidt
Rüdiger BORCHERT
Stefan Radczinsky
Heiner Schmees
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority to PL13792016T priority Critical patent/PL2923169T3/en
Publication of EP2923169A1 publication Critical patent/EP2923169A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2923169B1 publication Critical patent/EP2923169B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/90—Fluid buffers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/16—Hybrid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/16—Hybrid systems
    • F41A25/18—Hydroelastic systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/16—Hybrid systems
    • F41A25/20—Hydropneumatic systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/90—Fluid buffers
    • F41A3/94—Fluid buffers in combination with spring buffers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gun barrel with a mass-lockable closure system, which comprises a closure housing with a closure part displaceably mounted therein and an elastic closure element.
  • a hydraulic brake integrated in the closure is installed. This changes the time course of the power transmission and thus reduces the amount of force acting on the shooter or a gun carriage or in the case of large-caliber weapons on the cradle.
  • the brake decouples the movement of the closure from the movement of the weapon housing.
  • the weapon barrel of the corresponding weapon is closed at the rear by a heavy closure part (closure block), wherein the closure member is slidably disposed in an axially adjacent to the weapon barrel closure housing of the weapon and acted upon by an elastic closing element (Vorholer) is, which is usually a closing spring (see, for example: Rheinmetall "Weapon Technique Paperback", Dusseldorf, 7th Edition 1985, pages 248 ff).
  • Rebound brakes are known as such.
  • DE 60 2005 000 575 T2 (EP 1 591 742 B2) describes a hydraulic recoil brake, wherein the rod is attached to a bottom piece sleeve and the brake body on the solid support of the weapon.
  • the recoil damping used herein acts between a frame assembly and a barrel assembly and is disposed axially between a bumper region of the barrel assembly and a support portion of the frame assembly.
  • DE 10 2009 039 548 A1 Another weapon return system is described in DE 10 2009 039 548 A1.
  • This consists of a pressure vessel and a pressure cylinder with pressure piston.
  • the gun barrel end is connected to the plunger cylinder for compressing a gas cushion in the impression cylinder.
  • the pressure piston is designed so that when returning a large cross-section for the flow of the liquid and the pipe prefetching a small cross-section is open.
  • a hydropneumatic brake and Vorholsystem for pipe return protected is also the DE 10 2006 014 155 A1 removable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a gun barrel with a mass-locking locking system, which should be as low as possible when firing on the weapon carrier recoil forces.
  • the invention is based essentially on the idea to provide for the reduction of the forces on the weapon as high a returning mass with the longest possible return paths. It is intended to integrate a hydraulic brake in the closure part, so that the timing of the power transmission upon firing changed so that the amount of recoil force acting on the shooter or on the carriage, can be reduced. In this case, the movement of the closure part is decoupled from the movement of the closure housing by the hydraulic brake.
  • the closure part is not formed as a solid closure block, but as a hollow cylinder with a front wall arranged in the weft direction and an axially opposite rear wall, wherein in the cylinder space of the hollow cylinder, a brake cylinder filled with a brake fluid is arranged, which extends from the front wall axially to near the rear wall of the hollow cylinder.
  • the axially displaceable in the brake cylinder piston is connected to a piston rod which is passed through the rear wall of the hollow cylinder and connected at its end facing away from the piston with the closure housing.
  • the cylinder space of the hollow cylinder is divided by a brake cylinder axially displaceable balance piston into two sub-cylinder spaces, where seen in the weft direction of the corresponding weapon, rear side arranged first part cylinder space also filled with the brake fluid and a gap-shaped opening with the front of the piston of the brake cylinder located cylinder space is connected.
  • the elastic closing element is arranged, which holds the balancing piston in a starting position, such that when the closing part returns by moving into the first part of the cylinder piston space of the compensating piston to the closing element and the clamping element is stretched.
  • the invention has the advantage that the integration of the brake and the closing element into the closure part makes the full component weight available as part of the mass of the closure part.
  • the closing spring can have a relatively small length and their characteristic only a relatively flat increase in force.
  • closure system according to the invention has the advantages that the closing element is well encapsulated and therefore environmental influences have only a small influence on this element. Furthermore, it has been shown that this closure system has a high reliability and the clamping force of the closing element is very constant.
  • the closing element is preferably a compression spring, which is supported with its one end on the balance piston and with its other end on the front wall of the closure part.
  • an undivided cylinder chamber is used, in which there are a brake fluid and a balance piston.
  • the compensating piston has at least one through-flow, through which the liquid can flow during the return of the closure part for compensation. Not shown here is the Schüeßelement for the flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows the longitudinal section of a schematically illustrated closure system according to the invention of a gun barrel with a closure part arranged in a closure housing in its starting position;
  • FIG. 3 shows the closure system shown in FIG. 2 at the end of the return and shortly before the start of the flow into its starting position
  • Fig. 4-6 another embodiment of the brake system.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 denoted by 1 is a mass-locking closure system of a gun, which is arranged in a closure housing 2, which adjoins the rear of the cartridge chamber of a gun barrel, not shown.
  • the soul tube axis of the corresponding weapon is identified by the reference numeral 100.
  • the closure system 1 essentially comprises a closure part 3 which is axially displaceable in the closure housing 2 and which also contains the elements which are not shown for reasons of clarity and which are required for firing and removing the cartridge after firing.
  • the closure part 3 is designed as a hollow cylinder and has a front wall 4 arranged in the weft direction (indicated by the arrow 110) and an axially opposite one another. lying rear wall 5 on.
  • a brake cylinder 8 filled with a brake fluid 7 (usually oil) is arranged which extends axially from the front wall (impact floor) 4 into the vicinity of the rear wall 5 of the closure part 3.
  • An axially displaceable in the brake cylinder 8 piston 9 is connected to a piston rod 10, which is passed through the rear wall 5 of the closure part 3 and connected at its end facing away from the piston 9 with the closure housing 2.
  • the cylinder chamber 6 of the closure part 3 is also divided by a displaceable on the outside of the brake cylinder 8 balance piston 1 1 in two sub-cylinder chambers 12, 13, wherein seen in the weft direction, rear side arranged first partial cylinder space (reservoir tank) 12 also filled with the brake fluid 7 and is connected via a gap-shaped opening 14 with the located in front of the piston 9 of the brake cylinder 8 cylinder chamber 15.
  • first partial cylinder space reservoir tank
  • a closing spring 16 is arranged, which holds the balance piston 1 1 in a starting position.
  • the closure member 3 In the illustrated in Fig. 1 starting position of the closure system 1, the closure member 3 is in its forward position and is supported on the attached in the closure housing 2 piston rod 10 backwards.
  • the brake fluid 7 in the first part of the cylinder chamber 12 and in the cylinder chamber 15 of the brake cylinder 8 is biased by the closing spring 16 via the balance piston 1 1.
  • the resulting losses due to frictional flow within the brake fluid and the slow deceleration of the closure member 3 cause a damped transmission of forces on the closure housing 2.
  • a part of the braking energy is converted into heat.
  • the displaced volume of the piston rod 10 is compensated by a movement of the balance piston 1 1 in the closure part 3.
  • the compensating piston 11 is pressed by the brake fluid 7 against the spring element 16.
  • the displaced by the piston rod 10 volume in the first part of the cylinder chamber 12 causes a displacement of the balance piston 11, such that the closing spring 16 is further tensioned.
  • closure part 3 After the return of the closure part 3 has been completed (FIG. 3), the closure part 3 is displaced in the weft direction by the force of the closing spring 16 acting on the compensating piston 11 until it has again reached its starting position (FIG. 1).
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show a possible embodiment also for a closure system 1 'for large-caliber weapons.
  • a closure part 3 ' Shown is a closure part 3 ', which is arranged in the closure housing 2'.
  • This closure part 3 ' is designed as a hollow cylinder with a front wall 4' arranged in the weft direction and an axially opposite rear wall 5 'and comprises, as a brake cylinder 8', a cylinder space 6 'with a brake fluid 7'.
  • a small free space in the closure part 3 ' serves to receive compensating springs 20'.
  • a balancing piston 1' which is attached to a piston rod 10 '.
  • the piston rod 10 ' in turn is supported on the rear part of the closure housing 2'.
  • Fig. 4 shows the initial position within the closure system 1 ', similar to the illustration in Fig. 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism (1, 1'), which comprises a breech casing (2, 2') with a breech part (3, 3') movably mounted therein. In order in the case of such a barrelled weapon to achieve the lowest possible recoiling forces acting on the carrier of the weapon when a shot is fired, the invention proposes integrating a hydraulic brake (8, 8') in the breech part (3, 3') such that the time sequence of the force transmission when a shot is fired is changed in such a way that the level of the recoiling force that acts on the carrier of the weapon can be reduced.

Description

BESCHREIBUNG  DESCRIPTION

Rohrwaffe mit einem massenverriegelbaren Verschlusssystem Tube weapon with a mass-locking locking system

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rohrwaffe mit einem massenverriegelbaren Verschlusssystem, welches ein Verschlussgehäuse mit einem darin verschiebbar gelagerten Verschlussteil und ein elastisches Schließelement umfasst. Um die Kräfte zu minimieren wird eine in den Verschluss integrierte hydraulische Bremse eingebaut. Diese verändert den Zeitverlauf der Kraftübertragung und reduziert damit die Höhe der Kraft, die auf den Schützen oder einer Lafette bzw. bei großkalibrigen Waffen auf die Wiege wirken. Durch die Bremse wird die Bewegung des Verschlusses von der Bewegung des Waffengehäuses entkoppelt. The invention relates to a gun barrel with a mass-lockable closure system, which comprises a closure housing with a closure part displaceably mounted therein and an elastic closure element. In order to minimize the forces, a hydraulic brake integrated in the closure is installed. This changes the time course of the power transmission and thus reduces the amount of force acting on the shooter or a gun carriage or in the case of large-caliber weapons on the cradle. The brake decouples the movement of the closure from the movement of the weapon housing.

Bei automatischen oder halbautomatischen Rohrwaffen mit massenverriegelbarem Verschlusssystem wird das Waffenrohr der entsprechenden Waffe heckseitig durch ein schweres Verschlussteil (Verschlussblock) verschlossen, wobei das Verschlussteil verschiebbar in einem sich an das Waffenrohr axial anschließenden Verschlussgehäuse der Waffe angeordnet ist und von einem elastischen Schließelement (Vorholer) beaufschlagt wird, bei dem es sich üblicherweise um eine Schließfeder handelt (vgl. beispielsweise: Rheinmetall„Waffentechnisches Taschenbuch", Düsseldorf, 7. Auflage 1985, Seiten 248 ff). In automatic or semi-automatic guns with mass lockable closure system, the weapon barrel of the corresponding weapon is closed at the rear by a heavy closure part (closure block), wherein the closure member is slidably disposed in an axially adjacent to the weapon barrel closure housing of the weapon and acted upon by an elastic closing element (Vorholer) is, which is usually a closing spring (see, for example: Rheinmetall "Weapon Technique Paperback", Dusseldorf, 7th Edition 1985, pages 248 ff).

Da beim Verschießen leistungsstarker Munition relativ große Rückstoßkräfte auftreten können, führt dieses zu einer starken Belastung des den Rückstoß aufnehmenden Waffenträgers, d.h. entweder des Schützens oder der Lafette, sofern die Waffe starr mit dieser verbunden ist. Since relatively high recoil forces can occur when firing powerful ammunition, this leads to a heavy load on the recoil-absorbing weapon carrier, i. either the shooter or the gun carriage, if the weapon is rigidly connected to it.

Rückstoßbremsen sind als solche bekannt. So beschreibt die DE 60 2005 000 575 T2 (EP 1 591 742 B2) eine hydraulische Rückstoßbremse, wobei die Stange an einer Bodenstückmuffe und der Bremskörper am festen Träger der Waffe befestigt ist. Eine Waffe mit Rückstoßdämpfung offenbart die DE 10 2007 003 180 B4. Die hier verwendete Rückstoßdämpfung wirkt zwischen einer Rahmenbaugruppe und einer Laufbaugruppe und ist axial zwischen einem Stoßbodenbereich der Laufbaugruppe und einem Stützbereich der Rahmenbaugruppe angeordnet. Rebound brakes are known as such. Thus, DE 60 2005 000 575 T2 (EP 1 591 742 B2) describes a hydraulic recoil brake, wherein the rod is attached to a bottom piece sleeve and the brake body on the solid support of the weapon. A weapon with recoil damping disclosed in DE 10 2007 003 180 B4. The recoil damping used herein acts between a frame assembly and a barrel assembly and is disposed axially between a bumper region of the barrel assembly and a support portion of the frame assembly.

Ein weiteres Waffenrücklaufsystem beschreibt die DE 10 2009 039 548 A1. Dieses besteht aus einem Druckbehälter und einem Druckzylinder mit Druckkolben. Das Waffen- rohrende ist mit dem Druckkolbenzylinder zur Komprimierung eines Gaspolsters im Druckzylinder verbunden. Der Druckkolben ist dabei so gestaltet, dass beim Rücklauf ein großer Querschnitt für das Strömen der Flüssigkeit und beim Rohrvorholen ein kleiner Querschnitt offen ist. Another weapon return system is described in DE 10 2009 039 548 A1. This consists of a pressure vessel and a pressure cylinder with pressure piston. The gun barrel end is connected to the plunger cylinder for compressing a gas cushion in the impression cylinder. The pressure piston is designed so that when returning a large cross-section for the flow of the liquid and the pipe prefetching a small cross-section is open.

Ein hydropneumatisches Brems- und Vorholsystem für Rohrrücklaufgeschützte ist zudem der DE 10 2006 014 155 A1 entnehmbar. A hydropneumatic brake and Vorholsystem for pipe return protected is also the DE 10 2006 014 155 A1 removable.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rohrwaffe mit einem massenverriegelbaren Verschlusssystem anzugeben, wobei die bei Schussabgabe auf den Waffenträger wirkenden Rückstoßkräfte möglichst gering sein sollen. The invention has for its object to provide a gun barrel with a mass-locking locking system, which should be as low as possible when firing on the weapon carrier recoil forces.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 3 gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche. This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and 3. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht im Wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, für die Reduzierung der Kräfte auf die Waffe eine möglichst hohe rücklaufende Masse bei möglichst langen Rücklaufwegen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Vorgesehen ist dazu, eine hydraulische Bremse in das Verschlussteil zu integrieren, sodass der Zeitverlauf der Kraftübertragung bei Schussabgabe sich derart verändert, dass die Höhe der Rückstoßkraft, die auf den Schützen oder auf die Lafette wirkt, reduziert werden kann. Dabei wird durch die hydraulische Bremse die Bewegung des Verschlussteiles von der Bewegung des Verschlussgehäuses entkoppelt. The invention is based essentially on the idea to provide for the reduction of the forces on the weapon as high a returning mass with the longest possible return paths. It is intended to integrate a hydraulic brake in the closure part, so that the timing of the power transmission upon firing changed so that the amount of recoil force acting on the shooter or on the carriage, can be reduced. In this case, the movement of the closure part is decoupled from the movement of the closure housing by the hydraulic brake.

Zur Realisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems ist das Verschlussteil nicht als massiver Verschlussblock, sondern als Hohlzylinder mit einer in Schussrichtung angeordneten Vorderwand und einer axial gegenüberliegenden Rückwand ausgebildet, wobei in dem Zylinderraum des Hohlzylinders ein mit einer Bremsflüssigkeit gefüllter Bremszylinder angeordnet ist, der sich von der Vorderwand axial bis in die Nähe der Rückwand des Hohlzylinders erstreckt. Der in dem Bremszylinder axial verschiebbare Kolben ist mit einer Kolbenstange verbunden, die durch die Rückwand des Hohlzylinders hindurchgeführt und an ihrem dem Kolben abgewandten Ende mit dem Verschlussgehäuse verbunden ist. Außerdem ist der Zylinderraum des Hohlzylinders durch einen auf dem Bremszylinder axial verschiebbaren Ausgleichskolben in zwei Teilzylinderräume unterteilt, wobei der, in Schussrichtung der entsprechenden Waffe gesehen, heckseitig angeordnete erste Teilzylinderraum ebenfalls mit der Bremsflüssigkeit gefüllt und über eine spaltförmige Öffnung mit dem vor dem Kolben des Bremszylinders befindlichen Zylinderraum verbunden ist. In dem zweiten Teilzylinderraum ist das elastische Schließelement angeordnet, welches den Ausgleichskolben in einer Ausgangsposition hält, derart, dass bei rücklaufendem Verschlussteil durch den sich in den ersten Teilzylinderraum hineinbewegenden Kolben der Ausgleichskolben zum Schließelement hin verschoben und das Schließelement gespannt wird. To realize the closure system according to the invention, the closure part is not formed as a solid closure block, but as a hollow cylinder with a front wall arranged in the weft direction and an axially opposite rear wall, wherein in the cylinder space of the hollow cylinder, a brake cylinder filled with a brake fluid is arranged, which extends from the front wall axially to near the rear wall of the hollow cylinder. The axially displaceable in the brake cylinder piston is connected to a piston rod which is passed through the rear wall of the hollow cylinder and connected at its end facing away from the piston with the closure housing. In addition, the cylinder space of the hollow cylinder is divided by a brake cylinder axially displaceable balance piston into two sub-cylinder spaces, where seen in the weft direction of the corresponding weapon, rear side arranged first part cylinder space also filled with the brake fluid and a gap-shaped opening with the front of the piston of the brake cylinder located cylinder space is connected. In the second part of the cylinder space, the elastic closing element is arranged, which holds the balancing piston in a starting position, such that when the closing part returns by moving into the first part of the cylinder piston space of the compensating piston to the closing element and the clamping element is stretched.

Die Erfindung weist den Vorteil auf, dass durch die Integration der Bremse sowie des Schließelementes in das Verschlussteil das volle Baugruppengewicht als Teil der Masse des Verschlussteiles zur Verfügung steht. The invention has the advantage that the integration of the brake and the closing element into the closure part makes the full component weight available as part of the mass of the closure part.

Dabei wird durch die mit dem Schließelement in Reihe geschaltete und ebenfalls in dem Verschlussteil angeordnete hydraulische Übersetzung erreicht, dass die Schließfeder eine relativ geringe Länge und ihre Kennlinie nur einen relativ flachen Kraftanstieg aufweisen kann. It is achieved by the connected with the closing element in series and also arranged in the closure part hydraulic translation that the closing spring can have a relatively small length and their characteristic only a relatively flat increase in force.

Außerdem weist das erfindungsgemäße Verschlusssystem die Vorteile auf, dass das Schließelement gut gekapselt ist und daher Umwelteinflüsse nur einen geringen Einfluss auf dieses Element haben. Ferner hat sich gezeigt, dass dieses Verschlusssystem eine hohe Funktionssicherheit besitzt und die Spannkraft des Schließelementes sehr konstant ist. In addition, the closure system according to the invention has the advantages that the closing element is well encapsulated and therefore environmental influences have only a small influence on this element. Furthermore, it has been shown that this closure system has a high reliability and the clamping force of the closing element is very constant.

Bei dem Schließelement handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Druckfeder, welche sich mit ihrem einen Ende an dem Ausgleichskolben und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der vorderseitigen Wand des Verschlussteiles abstützt. In einer alternativen Ausführung für beispielsweise großkalibrige Waffen wird ein ungeteilter Zylinderraum verwendet, in dem sich eine Bremsflüssigkeit sowie ein Ausgleichskolben befinden. Der Ausgleichskolben weist wenigstens eine Durchströmung auf, durch die die Flüssigkeit beim Rücklauf des Verschlussteils zum Ausgleich strömen kann. Nicht weiter dargestellt ist hier das Schüeßelement für den Vorlauf. The closing element is preferably a compression spring, which is supported with its one end on the balance piston and with its other end on the front wall of the closure part. In an alternative embodiment, for example, large-caliber weapons an undivided cylinder chamber is used, in which there are a brake fluid and a balance piston. The compensating piston has at least one through-flow, through which the liquid can flow during the return of the closure part for compensation. Not shown here is the Schüeßelement for the flow.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen: Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 den Längsschnitt eines schematisch dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems einer Rohrwaffe mit einem in einem Verschlussgehäuse angeordneten Verschlussteil in seiner Ausgangsposition; 1 shows the longitudinal section of a schematically illustrated closure system according to the invention of a gun barrel with a closure part arranged in a closure housing in its starting position;

Fig. 2 das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Verschlusssystem während des Rücklaufes des Verschlussteiles nach Schussabgabe und Fig. 2, the closure system shown in Fig. 1 during the return of the closure member after firing and

Fig. 3 das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Verschlusssystem bei Beendigung des Rücklaufes und kurz vor Beginn des Vorlaufes in seine Ausgangsposition, 3 shows the closure system shown in FIG. 2 at the end of the return and shortly before the start of the flow into its starting position,

Fig. 4- 6 eine weitere Ausführungsform des Bremssystems. Fig. 4-6 another embodiment of the brake system.

In den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist mit 1 ein massenverriegelbares Verschlusssystem einer Rohrwaffe bezeichnet, welches in einem Verschlussgehäuse 2 angeordnet ist, das sich heckseitig an die Patronenkammer eines nicht dargestellten Waffenrohres anschließt. Dabei ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 100 die Seelenrohrachse der entsprechenden Waffe gekennzeichnet. In FIGS. 1 to 3, denoted by 1 is a mass-locking closure system of a gun, which is arranged in a closure housing 2, which adjoins the rear of the cartridge chamber of a gun barrel, not shown. In this case, the soul tube axis of the corresponding weapon is identified by the reference numeral 100.

Das Verschlusssystem 1 umfasst im Wesentlichen ein in dem Verschlussgehäuse 2 axial verschiebbares Verschlussteil 3, welches auch die aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen nicht dargestellten, zur Abfeuerung und zum Ausziehen der Patrone nach der Abfeuerung benötigten Elemente enthält. The closure system 1 essentially comprises a closure part 3 which is axially displaceable in the closure housing 2 and which also contains the elements which are not shown for reasons of clarity and which are required for firing and removing the cartridge after firing.

Das Verschlussteil 3 ist als Hohlzylinder ausgebildet und weist eine in Schussrichtung (angedeutet durch den Pfeil 1 10) angeordnete Vorderwand 4 und eine axial gegenüber- liegende Rückwand 5 auf. The closure part 3 is designed as a hollow cylinder and has a front wall 4 arranged in the weft direction (indicated by the arrow 110) and an axially opposite one another. lying rear wall 5 on.

In dem Zylinderraum 6 des Verschlussteiles 3 ist ein mit einer Bremsflüssigkeit 7 (in der Regel Öl) gefüllter Bremszylinder 8 angeordnet, der sich von der Vorderwand (Stoßboden) 4 axial bis in die Nähe der Rückwand 5 des Verschlussteiles 3 erstreckt. In the cylinder space 6 of the closure part 3, a brake cylinder 8 filled with a brake fluid 7 (usually oil) is arranged which extends axially from the front wall (impact floor) 4 into the vicinity of the rear wall 5 of the closure part 3.

Ein in dem Bremszylinder 8 axial verschiebbarer Kolben 9 ist mit einer Kolbenstange 10 verbunden, die durch die Rückwand 5 des Verschlussteiles 3 hindurchgeführt und an ihrem dem Kolben 9 abgewandten Ende mit dem Verschlussgehäuse 2 verbunden ist. An axially displaceable in the brake cylinder 8 piston 9 is connected to a piston rod 10, which is passed through the rear wall 5 of the closure part 3 and connected at its end facing away from the piston 9 with the closure housing 2.

Der Zylinderraum 6 des Verschlussteiles 3 ist außerdem durch einen auf der Außenseite des Bremszylinders 8 verschiebbaren Ausgleichskolben 1 1 in zwei Teilzylinderräume 12, 13 unterteilt, wobei der, in Schussrichtung gesehen, heckseitig angeordnete erste Teilzylinderraum (Ausgleichsbehälter) 12 ebenfalls mit der Bremsflüssigkeit 7 gefüllt und über eine spaltförmige Öffnung 14 mit dem vor dem Kolben 9 des Bremszylinders 8 befindlichen Zylinderraum 15 verbunden ist. The cylinder chamber 6 of the closure part 3 is also divided by a displaceable on the outside of the brake cylinder 8 balance piston 1 1 in two sub-cylinder chambers 12, 13, wherein seen in the weft direction, rear side arranged first partial cylinder space (reservoir tank) 12 also filled with the brake fluid 7 and is connected via a gap-shaped opening 14 with the located in front of the piston 9 of the brake cylinder 8 cylinder chamber 15.

In dem zweiten Teilzylinderraum 13 ist eine Schließfeder 16 angeordnet, die den Ausgleichskolben 1 1 in einer Ausgangsposition hält. In the second part of the cylinder chamber 13, a closing spring 16 is arranged, which holds the balance piston 1 1 in a starting position.

Nachfolgend wird mit Hilfe der Figuren 1 bis 3 näher auf die Wirkungsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems 1 eingegangen: In the following, the mode of operation of the closure system 1 according to the invention will be described in greater detail with the aid of FIGS. 1 to 3:

In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausgangsposition des Verschlusssystems 1 befindet sich das Verschlussteil 3 in seiner vorderen Position und stützt sich an der im Verschlussgehäuse 2 befestigten Kolbenstange 10 nach hinten ab. Die Bremsflüssigkeit 7 in dem ersten Teilzylinderraum 12 sowie in dem Zylinderraum 15 des Bremszylinders 8 wird durch die Schließfeder 16 über den Ausgleichskolben 1 1 vorgespannt. In the illustrated in Fig. 1 starting position of the closure system 1, the closure member 3 is in its forward position and is supported on the attached in the closure housing 2 piston rod 10 backwards. The brake fluid 7 in the first part of the cylinder chamber 12 and in the cylinder chamber 15 of the brake cylinder 8 is biased by the closing spring 16 via the balance piston 1 1.

Beim Abfeuern einer (nicht dargestellten) Patrone wirken die Treibladungsgase auf die Vorderwand 4 (Stoßboden) des Verschlussteiles 3. Dieses führt zu einer Beschleunigung des Verschlussteiles 3 entgegen der Schussrichtung und damit zu einer Bewegung des Verschlussteiles 3 in Rücklaufrichtung (Fig. 2). Dadurch gelangt der Kolben 9 weiter in den Zylinderraum 15 des Bremszylinders 8, und die Bremsflüssigkeit 7 wird durch die spaltförmige Öffnung 14 in den ersten Teilzylinderraum 12 gedrückt. When a cartridge (not shown) is fired, the propellant charge gases act on the front wall 4 (impact bottom) of the closure part 3. This leads to an acceleration of the closure part 3 against the weft direction and thus to a movement of the closure part 3 in the return direction (FIG. 2). As a result, the piston 9 passes further into the cylinder chamber 15 of the brake cylinder 8, and the brake fluid 7 is through the slit-shaped opening 14 is pressed into the first partial cylinder space 12.

Die so entstehenden Verluste durch reibungsbehaftete Strömung innerhalb der Bremsflüssigkeit und das langsame Abbremsen des Verschlussteiles 3 bewirken eine gedämpfte Übertragung der Kräfte auf das Verschlussgehäuse 2. Dabei wird ein Teil der Bremsenergie in Wärme umgesetzt. Das verdrängte Volumen der Kolbenstange 10 wird durch eine Bewegung des Ausgleichskolbens 1 1 im Verschlussteil 3 kompensiert. Dabei wird der Ausgleichskolben 11 von der Bremsflüssigkeit 7 gegen das Federelement 16 gedrückt. Das durch die Kolbenstange 10 verdrängte Volumen in dem ersten Teilzylinderraum 12 bewirkt eine Verschiebung des Ausgleichskolbens 11 , derart, dass die Schließfeder 16 weiter gespannt wird. The resulting losses due to frictional flow within the brake fluid and the slow deceleration of the closure member 3 cause a damped transmission of forces on the closure housing 2. In this case, a part of the braking energy is converted into heat. The displaced volume of the piston rod 10 is compensated by a movement of the balance piston 1 1 in the closure part 3. In this case, the compensating piston 11 is pressed by the brake fluid 7 against the spring element 16. The displaced by the piston rod 10 volume in the first part of the cylinder chamber 12 causes a displacement of the balance piston 11, such that the closing spring 16 is further tensioned.

Nachdem der Rücklauf des Verschlussteiles 3 abgeschlossen ist (Fig. 3), wird das Verschlussteil 3 durch die auf den Ausgleichskolben 1 1 wirkende Kraft der Schließfeder 16 in Schussrichtung verschoben, bis es wieder seine Ausgangsposition erreicht hat (Fig. 1). After the return of the closure part 3 has been completed (FIG. 3), the closure part 3 is displaced in the weft direction by the force of the closing spring 16 acting on the compensating piston 11 until it has again reached its starting position (FIG. 1).

Die Fig. 4 bis 6 zeigen eine mögliche Ausführungsform auch für ein Verschlusssystem 1 ' bei großkalibrigen Waffen. FIGS. 4 to 6 show a possible embodiment also for a closure system 1 'for large-caliber weapons.

Dargestellt ist ein Verschlussteil 3', das im Verschlussgehäuse 2' angeordnet ist. Dieses Verschlussteil 3' ist als Hohlzylinder mit einer in Schussrichtung angeordneten Vorderwand 4' und einer axial gegenüberliegenden Rückwand 5' ausgebildet und umfasst als Bremszylinder 8' einen Zylinderraum 6' mit einer Bremsflüssigkeit 7'. Ein geringer Freiraum im Verschlussteil 3' dient zur Aufnahme von Ausgleichsfedern 20'. Im Verschlussteil 3' eingebunden ist ein Ausgleichkolben 1 ', der an einer Kolbenstange 10' angebracht ist. Die Kolbenstange 10' stützt sich ihrerseits an dem hinteren Teil des Verschlussgehäuses 2' ab. Fig. 4 zeigt die Ausgangsstellung innerhalb des Verschlusssystems 1 ', ähnlich der Darstellung in Fig. 1. Beim Abfeuern der (nicht dargestellten) Patrone wirken die Treibladungsgase auf die Vorderwand 4' (Stoßboden) des Verschlussteiles 3'. Dieses führt zu einer Beschleunigung des Verschlussteiles 3' entgegen der Schussrichtung und damit zu einer Bewegung des Verschlussteiles 3 in Rücklaufrichtung, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist. Dadurch gelangt der Ausgleichskolben 1 1 ' weiter in den Zylinderraum des Bremszylinders 6', und die Bremsflüssigkeit 7' wird durch die Öffnung 21 ' des Ausgleichskolbens 1 1 ' innerhalb der Zylinderraums 6' gedrückt (Fig.6). Bezugszeichenliste , V VerschlusssystemShown is a closure part 3 ', which is arranged in the closure housing 2'. This closure part 3 'is designed as a hollow cylinder with a front wall 4' arranged in the weft direction and an axially opposite rear wall 5 'and comprises, as a brake cylinder 8', a cylinder space 6 'with a brake fluid 7'. A small free space in the closure part 3 'serves to receive compensating springs 20'. In the closure part 3 'is integrated a balancing piston 1', which is attached to a piston rod 10 '. The piston rod 10 'in turn is supported on the rear part of the closure housing 2'. Fig. 4 shows the initial position within the closure system 1 ', similar to the illustration in Fig. 1. When firing the (not shown) cartridge, the propellant charge gases act on the front wall 4' (shock bottom) of the closure part 3 '. This leads to an acceleration of the closure part 3 'against the weft direction and thus to a movement of the closure part 3 in the return direction, as shown in Fig. 5. As a result, the compensating piston 11 'moves further into the cylinder space of the brake cylinder 6', and the brake fluid 7 'is forced through the opening 21' of the compensating piston 11 'within the cylinder space 6' (FIG. List of Reference Numerals, V Locking System

, 2' Verschlussgehäuse, 2 'closure housing

, 3' Verschlussteil, 3 'closure part

, 4' Vorderwand, 4 'front wall

. 5' Rückwand, 5 'rear wall

, 6' Zylinderraum, 6 'cylinder room

, 7' Bremsflüssigkeit, 7 'brake fluid

, 8' Bremszylinder, hydraulische Bremse , 8 'brake cylinder, hydraulic brake

Kolben piston

, 10' Kolbenstange , 10 'piston rod

, i r Ausgleichskolben  , i balancing piston

(erster) Teilzylinderraum (first) partial cylinder space

(zweiter) Teilzylinderraum spaltförmige Öffnung (second) partial cylinder space slit-shaped opening

Zylinderraum (Bremszylinder) Cylinder space (brake cylinder)

Schließelement, Schließfeder 0 SeelenrohrachseClosing element, closing spring 0 soul tube axis

0 Pfeil (Schussrichtung)  0 arrow (weft direction)

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE Rohrwaffe mit einem massenverriegelbaren Verschlusssystem (1 ), welches ein Verschlussgehäuse (2) mit einem darin verschiebbar gelagerten Verschlussteil (3) und ein elastisches Schließelement (16) umfasst, mit den Merkmalen: a) das Verschlussteil (3) ist als Hohlzylinder mit einer in Schussrichtung angeordneten Vorderwand (4) und einer axial gegenüberliegenden Rückwand (5) ausgebildet; b) in dem Zylinderraum (6) des Verschlussteiles (3) ist ein mit einer Bremsflüssigkeit (7) gefüllter Bremszylinder (8) angeordnet, der sich von der Vorderwand (4) axial bis in die Nähe der Rückwand (5) des Verschlussteiles (3) erstreckt; c) ein in dem Bremszylinder (8) axial verschiebbarer Kolben (9) ist mit einer Kolbenstange (10) verbunden, die durch die Rückwand (5) des Verschlussteiles hindurchgeführt und an ihrem dem Kolben (9) abgewandten Ende mit dem Verschlussgehäuse (2) verbunden ist; d) der Zylinderraum (6) des Verschlussteiles (3) ist durch einen auf dem Bremszylinder (8) axial verschiebbaren Ausgleichskolben (1 1 ) in zwei Teilzylinderräume (12, 13) unterteilt, wobei der, in Schussrichtung der entsprechenden Waffe gesehen, heckseitig angeordnete erste Teilzylinderraum (12) ebenfalls mit Bremsflüssigkeit (7) gefüllt und über eine spaltförmige Öffnung (14) mit dem vor dem Kolben (9) des Bremszylinders (8) befindlichen Zylinderraum (15) verbunden ist; e) in dem zweiten Teilzylinderraum (13) ist das elastische Schließelement (16) angeordnet, welches den Ausgleichskolben (1 1) in einer Ausgangsposition hält, derart, dass bei rücklaufendem Verschlussteil (3) durch den sich in den ersten Teilzylinderraum (12) hineinbewegenden Kolben (9) der Ausgleichskolben (1 ) zum Schließelement (16) hin verschoben und das Schließelement (16) gespannt wird. POWERTRAIN A tubular weapon with a mass-lockable closure system (1) which comprises a closure housing (2) with a closure part (3) displaceably mounted therein and an elastic closure element (16), having the features: a) the closure part (3) is designed as a hollow cylinder with a formed in the weft direction front wall (4) and an axially opposite rear wall (5); b) in the cylinder chamber (6) of the closure part (3) is arranged a brake cylinder (8) filled with a brake fluid (7) extending axially from the front wall (4) to near the rear wall (5) of the closure part (3 ) extends; c) a in the brake cylinder (8) axially displaceable piston (9) is connected to a piston rod (10) which passes through the rear wall (5) of the closure part and at its the piston (9) facing away from the end with the closure housing (2) connected is; d) the cylinder chamber (6) of the closure part (3) is divided by a on the brake cylinder (8) axially displaceable balance piston (1 1) in two partial cylinder chambers (12, 13), wherein seen in the firing direction of the corresponding weapon, rear side arranged first partial cylinder space (12) likewise filled with brake fluid (7) and connected via a gap-shaped opening (14) with the cylinder space (15) located in front of the piston (9) of the brake cylinder (8); e) in the second partial cylinder space (13), the elastic closing element (16) is arranged, which holds the compensating piston (1 1) in an initial position, such that when returning the closure part (3) by moving into the first partial cylinder space (12) Displaced piston (9) of the balance piston (1) to the closing element (16) and the closing element (16) is tensioned. 2. Rohrwaffe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem Schließelement (16) um eine Druckfeder handelt, welche sich mit ihrem einen Ende an dem Ausgleichskolben (1 1 ) und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Vorderwand (4) des Verschlussteiles (3) abstützt. 2. Gun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the closing element (16) is a compression spring, which with its one end to the balance piston (1 1) and with its other end to the front wall (4) of the closure part (3) is supported. 3. Rohrwaffe mit einem massenverriegelbaren Verschlusssystem (1 '), welches ein Verschlussgehäuse (2 ) mit einem darin verschiebbar gelagerten Verschlussteil (3') um- fasst, mit den Merkmalen: 3. Pipe weapon with a mass-lockable closure system (1 ') which encloses a closure housing (2) with a closure part (3') mounted displaceably therein, having the features: a) das Verschlussteil (3') ist als Hohlzylinder mit einer in Schussrichtung angeordneten Vorderwand (4') und einer axial gegenüberliegenden Rückwand (5') ausgebildet;  a) the closure part (3 ') is designed as a hollow cylinder with a front wall (4') arranged in the weft direction and an axially opposite rear wall (5 '); b) der Zylinderraum (6') des Verschlussteiles (3') ist mit einer Bremsflüssigkeit (7') befüllt,  b) the cylinder space (6 ') of the closure part (3') is filled with a brake fluid (7 '), c) im Verschlussteil (3') eingebunden sind ein Ausgleichkolben (1 1 '), der an einer Kolbenstange 10' angebracht ist, wobei  c) in the closure part (3 ') are integrated a balancing piston (1 1'), which is attached to a piston rod 10 ', wherein d) die Kolbenstange (10')sich ihrerseits am hinteren Teil des Verschlussgehäuses (2') abstützt, und  d) the piston rod (10 ') in turn at the rear part of the closure housing (2') is supported, and e) der Ausgleichskolben (1 1 ') wenigstens eine Öffnung (21 ') aufweist.  e) the compensating piston (1 1 ') has at least one opening (21'). 4. Rohrwaffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei der Bremsflüssigkeit (7) um öl handelt. 4. gun according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is the brake fluid (7) is oil.
EP13792016.1A 2012-11-21 2013-11-18 Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism Active EP2923169B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13792016T PL2923169T3 (en) 2012-11-21 2013-11-18 Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210022682 DE102012022682B8 (en) 2012-11-21 2012-11-21 Tube weapon with a mass-locking locking system
PCT/EP2013/074036 WO2014079798A1 (en) 2012-11-21 2013-11-18 Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism

Publications (2)

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EP2923169A1 true EP2923169A1 (en) 2015-09-30
EP2923169B1 EP2923169B1 (en) 2017-09-27

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EP (1) EP2923169B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102012022682B8 (en)
ES (1) ES2652269T3 (en)
NO (1) NO2876254T3 (en)
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WO (1) WO2014079798A1 (en)

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DE102016009185A1 (en) 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 Thomas Weinland Pistol with recoil damping
DE102016009046A1 (en) 2016-07-25 2018-01-25 Thomas Weinland Pipe weapon with recoil damper
US11187478B2 (en) 2016-07-25 2021-11-30 Thomas Weinland Barreled firearm, in particular pistol, having a recoil damper
DE102016009047B3 (en) * 2016-07-25 2018-01-11 Thomas Weinland Pipe weapon with recoil damper
RU2736305C1 (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-11-13 Владимир Михайлович Палецких Method for reducing recoil force of firearms and gun with folding barrel chamber for implementation thereof (embodiments)
CN113267088B (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-10-25 江苏大学 External circulation variable cross-section piston artillery manufacturing and returning machine based on STF and using method

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2923169B1 (en) 2017-09-27
DE102012022682A1 (en) 2014-05-22
WO2014079798A1 (en) 2014-05-30
DE102012022682B8 (en) 2015-05-13
ES2652269T3 (en) 2018-02-01
NO2876254T3 (en) 2018-05-19
PL2923169T3 (en) 2018-03-30
DE102012022682B4 (en) 2015-02-19

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