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EP2921238B1 - Dispositif de tamisage et tamis de séparation pour le tamisage de matières solides - Google Patents

Dispositif de tamisage et tamis de séparation pour le tamisage de matières solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2921238B1
EP2921238B1 EP15158657.5A EP15158657A EP2921238B1 EP 2921238 B1 EP2921238 B1 EP 2921238B1 EP 15158657 A EP15158657 A EP 15158657A EP 2921238 B1 EP2921238 B1 EP 2921238B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screening
rotary shaft
protective lip
screening device
radial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15158657.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2921238A1 (fr
Inventor
Antonio Dal Ben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pal SRL
Original Assignee
Pal SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pal SRL filed Critical Pal SRL
Publication of EP2921238A1 publication Critical patent/EP2921238A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2921238B1 publication Critical patent/EP2921238B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B07B1/14—Roller screens
    • B07B1/15—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers
    • B07B1/155—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers the rollers having a star shaped cross section

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a screening device and a separation screen comprising a plurality of such screening devices.
  • the present invention can be used for screening solid materials as a function of their sizes, merely by way of example, but not restrictively, in the field of the construction industry, or in the treatment of solid urban or industrial refuse, or also in mining activities.
  • the present invention concerns a separation screen of the disc type, usable for screening, for example, stones or minerals, wood chips, solid industrial refuse, solid urban refuse, or other types of solid loose material for which a separation or division is required on the basis of the different sizes of the pieces, which can also comprise fibrous, filamentous, oblong and flexible materials, or filiform, damp or dry materials of various type, synthetic or natural, such as compost, paper, fabrics, plastic bags or other.
  • Screens with discs are known, one of which is described for example in the patent application EP-A-0.173.638 , which comprise a support and containing structure inside of which a plurality of screening devices is located, comprising rotary shafts with parallel axes all rotating in the same direction of rotation.
  • the rotary shafts are adjacent to each other and define a screening surface or bed, which can be planar, concave, convex, or undulating according to the specific construction or design needs.
  • a plurality of screening discs is attached, reciprocally distanced along the axis of the corresponding shaft and rotating solid with the latter.
  • known screens have a loading zone, in correspondence to which the solid materials are introduced inside the support and containing structure.
  • the materials are introduced by loading hoppers or other loading or conveying devices, possibly removing the solid materials to be screened from grinding, shredding or crushing systems located upstream of the screens.
  • the same-direction rotation of the rotary shafts and the configuration of the screening discs determine the progressive feed of the materials to be screened along the screening bed. Possible inclinations of the screening bed can be provided, to promote the distribution and feed of the materials.
  • the screening discs are distanced from each other by a greater distance than the thickness of each screening disc, so that the screening discs of a first rotary shaft are each positioned in the interspace defined between two screening discs of a shaft adjacent to the first rotary shaft.
  • the positioning of the screening discs and the interaxis between the rotary shafts define apertures or gaps between each screening disc keyed on a shaft and the adjacent rotary shaft, and between the screening discs of two adjacent rotary shafts, which apertures or gaps are configured to be passed through by the materials to be screened with smaller sizes than the sizes of said apertures.
  • a separation is thus obtained of the elements smaller than the size of the gaps from the elements with a larger size.
  • the first elements in fact, having passed through the gaps between discs and shafts, fall due to gravity into collecting devices positioned below the screening bed, while the second elements advance on the screening bed until they are subsequently discharged or removed.
  • filaments inside the solid materials to be screened can constitute a disadvantage, since they can obstruct or stop the functioning of known screens. Indeed, filaments have a tendency to wind around the rotary shafts, filling and blocking the gaps between the discs and the shafts, preventing a correct screening of the material and possibly causing an obstacle to the reciprocal rotation of the shafts. This can block the screen, with consequent frequent need to stop the machines in order to clean them and remove the blocked material, as well as for maintenance in the case of damage to the rotary shafts and/or to the motion transmission members.
  • the anti-obstruction sleeves each consist of a pair of cylindrical tubular elements, disposed one inside the other and with axes parallel to each other and to the axis of the rotary shaft on which they are mounted.
  • one or more stabilizing masses are located, immersed in a filling material, with the function of preventing the complete rotation of the anti-obstruction sleeve around the axis of the rotary shaft, allowing only the oscillation thereof, due to the effect of gravity.
  • WO-A-2011/0456565656 intends to prevent the complete winding around the anti-obstruction sleeve of filaments possibly present in the solid materials to be screened.
  • the solid materials to be screened, and in particular the filaments contained therein in any case determine a rotation of the anti-obstruction sleeves around their axis during the rotation of the rotary shafts, which consequently causes the radial accumulation of the filaments around the sleeves, with subsequent blockage of the screen because the gaps are filled and obstructed.
  • the anti-obstruction sleeves can contact the rotary shafts due to the effect of their translation in a radial direction, in practice resting on them, which has the disadvantageous consequence that the anti-obstruction sleeves are made to rotate solid with the rotary shafts due to the friction that derives from such contact.
  • the inefficiency of known screens is all too obvious.
  • One purpose of the present invention is to make a separation screen for screening solid materials that is able to separate efficiently and reliably solid materials even comprising filaments, for example solid urban refuse, and that is able to prevent these filaments obstructing the gaps between screening discs and rotary shafts, blocking the functioning of the screen.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to make a screen that is easy to make and install and that is able to obtain the above purpose with the least possible number of components.
  • the Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.
  • a screening device is usable in a separation screen of solid materials, and comprises a rotary shaft, a plurality of screening tools mounted solid on the rotary shaft, disposed adjacent and reciprocally distanced along it, and each provided with at least a plate with a radial development with respect to the rotary shaft.
  • the screening device also comprises a plurality of tubular sleeves, each of which is mounted, free to rotate, on the rotary shaft and interposed between a pair of consecutive screening tools, and having respective end edges located, during use, substantially facing the respective plate of the corresponding screening tool.
  • each of the plates is provided with a protective lip which protrudes from the plate so as to overlap, during use, at least one of the end edges of the tubular sleeves.
  • the protective lip has an annular shape and is configured so as to surround, in direct proximity, at least one of the end edges.
  • the protective lip protrudes from opposite sides of a development plane of the plate, so as to simultaneously overlap, during use, at least two of the end edges.
  • each tubular sleeve has a length less than the distance between two consecutive screening tools along the rotary shaft, to define an axial play between the tubular sleeve and the plates of the two screening tools.
  • the protective lip is positioned to peripherally cover said axial play.
  • each tubular sleeve is constrained in its movement in a radial direction with respect to the corresponding rotary shaft on which it is mounted and with respect to which it is axially mobile and free to rotate.
  • the overlapping of the protective lip on the tubular sleeve is such as to prevent the radial translation of the tubular sleeve with respect to the respective rotary shaft.
  • the present invention also concerns a separation screen for screening solid materials, comprising two or more screening devices made as described above, in which the screening devices are reciprocally adjacent and facing to define a plurality of passage apertures each delimited at least by two respective tubular sleeves, two protection lips and two plates.
  • Fig. 1 is used to describe forms of embodiment of a separation screen 10 according to the present invention, for screening solid materials comprising different sized elements, both wet and dry, and also in filament form.
  • the separation screen 10 includes a support and containing structure 11 configured to rotatably support a plurality of rotary shafts 12 and delimiting a containing chamber 13 inside which the rotary shafts 12 are transversely disposed.
  • the rotary shafts 12 are rotatable around their own longitudinal axes X and are made to rotate by a drive unit 14, which can possibly include motion transmission devices, not shown in the attached drawings.
  • the rotary shafts 12 are disposed with their respective longitudinal axes X adjacent and parallel to each other, and substantially define a screening surface, or screening bed, that can have a planar, curved, concave, convex or undulating development, according to the specific needs.
  • Each rotary shaft 12 can be provided along its longitudinal extension with a plurality of screening tools, or screening discs 15, mounted on the rotary shaft 12 adjacent to and distanced from each other.
  • the screening discs 15 are mounted integrated on the rotary shafts 12 and rotate solidly therewith.
  • the screening discs 15 can be mounted by interposing anti-rotation tongues between the screening discs 15 and the corresponding rotary shaft 12 and spacers 21 between consecutive screening discs 15, wherein the spacers 21 are closed "pack-wise" along the longitudinal axis X on the screening discs 15.
  • the separation screen 10 therefore includes a plurality of screening devices 20 adjacent and facing each other.
  • Adjacent rotary shafts 12 have an interaxis such that the screening discs 15 of one screening device 20 are interposed between the screening discs 15 of adjacent screening devices 20, and a passage aperture, or gap G, is defined between the screening discs 15 of one screening device 20 and the rotary shaft 12 of the adjacent screening devices 20, and reciprocally between the screening discs 15 of the facing screening devices 20.
  • the containing chamber 13 can be provided with a loading aperture 16 through which the solid materials are loaded onto the screening bed, and an exit aperture 17 from which possible residues of non-screened solid materials are expelled.
  • the solid materials with smaller sizes than the size of the gaps G pass through them and fall, due to gravity, under the screening bed, where containers or collection devices can be provided to collect the screened solid materials.
  • the feed of the solid materials inside the containing chamber 13 is obtained by the effect of the rotation of the rotary shafts 12 and the consequent rotation of the screening discs 15, that impact on and thrust the solid materials.
  • the rotary shafts 12 can be equidistant, so as to define uniform gaps G inside the containing chamber 13, or, as shown by way of example in fig. 1 , they can be progressively distanced from the loading aperture 16 toward the exit aperture 17, to effect the separation of solid materials with ever increasing sizes.
  • each screening disc 15 can include a plate 15a provided with a through hole 15b to house the rotary shaft 12 and to attach it.
  • each plate 15a is coupled to the corresponding rotary shaft 12, inserting it with its through hole 15b on the rotary shaft 12.
  • the reciprocal coupling of the plate 15a and rotary shaft 12 can be carried out by mechanical interference or by welding.
  • the plates 15a can be made in a single piece with the corresponding rotary shaft 12, for example by molding or forging.
  • Each plate 15a extends radially with respect to the rotary shaft 12 and lies on a plane located substantially perpendicular with respect to the longitudinal axis X of the corresponding rotary shaft 12.
  • the plate 15a can have a substantially circular flat shape even if it cannot be excluded that it can have different shapes, polygonal, curved or mixed for example.
  • the screening disc 15 can also be provided with a thrust profile 15c, protruding from the plate 15a in a direction orthogonal to the development plane of the plate 15a.
  • the thrust profile 15c is configured to enter into contact with the solid material to be screened and thrusts it due to the effect of the rotation of the rotary shaft 12, and thus of the screening disc 15.
  • the thrust profile 15c affects the whole peripheral development of the plate 15a around a rotary shaft 12.
  • the thrust profile 15c can be positioned at the radial end of the plate 15a farthest from the rotary shaft 12, or can be positioned in a radially intermediate position of the plate 15a.
  • the thrust profile 15c can be defined by the external peripheral surface of the plate 15a, and can be shaped so as to optimize the cleaning action of a screening disc 15 adjacent to or facing it.
  • This cleaning action can be achieved by removing possible filament residues or other particles of solid material present in contact with the screening disc 15, to prevent the twisting and/or the blockage of the screen 10.
  • Fig. 3 is used to describe forms of embodiment in which the thrust profile 15c of each screening disc 15 is positioned in the radial periphery of the latter and has an indented shape, defined by hollows 115c and ridges 215c alternating along the circumferential development of the thrust profile 15c.
  • Each screening disc 15 includes a protective lip 15d, interposed between the thrust profile 15c and the rotary shaft 12.
  • the protective lip 15d is interposed between the thrust profile 15c and the through hole 15b configured to house the rotary shaft 12.
  • the protective lip 15d can have a continuous annular shape and can completely surround the through hole 15b according to a circular, elliptical or polygonal circumferential development.
  • the protective lip 15d protrudes transversely, in this case orthogonally, with respect to the development plane of the plate 15a, from two opposite sides of the plate 15a and has a height D, measured from the plane of the plate 15a, which can be comprised between at least 10 mm and about 30 mm.
  • Each screening device 20 can also include a plurality of tubular sleeves 18, each mounted free to rotate on the respective rotary shaft 12 considered, and interposed between a pair of consecutive screening discs 15 of the corresponding screening device 20.
  • Each tubular sleeve 18 has a length less than the distance between two screening discs 15, thus defining an axial play A between the tubular sleeve 18 and the plates 15a of the two screening discs 15. In this way, the tubular sleeve 18 is mobile in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis X.
  • each tubular sleeve 18 has an annular cross section of a circular shape.
  • the axial mobility of the tubular sleeve 18 must however be limited, so as not to allow the insertion of filaments inside the axial plays A, the value of which can be comprised between at least 3mm and about 12 mm.
  • the tubular sleeves 18 are each provided with an internal cavity 19, whose radial dimension, that is, in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis X, is greater than the radial bulk of the rotary shafts 12 on which they are mounted, so that each tubular sleeve 18 is free to rotate on the corresponding rotary shaft 12 as described above.
  • Fig. 2 is used to describe forms of embodiment in which the internal cavity 19 of each tubular sleeve 18 has a radial size more than double the diameter of the corresponding rotary shaft 12. This ratio is purely indicative of a possible solution, and in any case it can be provided that the internal cavity 19 has a radial size greater than the diameter of the rotary shaft 12 by an amount more than double the size of the axial play A.
  • the tubular sleeves 18 have respective end edges 18a each of which, during use, is located substantially facing the respective plate 15a.
  • the protective lip 15d of each plate 15a surrounds and overlaps in direct proximity to the corresponding end edge 18a of one of the tubular sleeves 18.
  • the protective lip 15d in practice defines a circular housing seating in the plate 15a in which one of the end edges 18a of the tubular sleeves 18 is housed and kept in position.
  • the protective lip 15d allows to keep the tubular sleeves 18 axially aligned with the longitudinal axis X of each rotary shaft 12.
  • the protective lip 15d has a substantially circular cross section shape.
  • the external diameter of the tubular sleeves 18 is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the protective lip 15d.
  • each gap G comprised between two adjacent screening devices 20 is delimited by two respective tubular sleeves 18, two pairs of protective lips 15d and two plates 15a.
  • a radial interspace I which can be comprised between 1 mm and 3 mm.
  • the interspace I can be smaller or equal in size to the size of the axial plays A between the tubular sleeves 18 and the plates 15a of the screening discs 15.
  • the protective lip 15d is positioned externally close to the tubular sleeve 18 and can have an internal surface 115d facing an external surface 18e of the tubular sleeve 18.
  • the internal surface 115d is radially separated and distanced from the external surface 18e by the interspace I.
  • the protective lip 15d therefore partly overlaps the tubular sleeve 18, covering the axial plays A and protecting them from blockages.
  • the protective lip 15d surrounding the tubular sleeve 18 at a very small distance defined by the interspace I, which has the sole function of allowing the free rotation of the tubular sleeve 18, prevents the latter from translating radially with respect to the rotary shaft 12.
  • tubular sleeve 18 is not radially mobile, that is, its radial mobility is only provided to allow a rotation of the tubular sleeve 18 with respect to the rotary shaft 12, prevents the material to be screened from being drawn inside the axial plays A between the tubular sleeves 18 and the plates 15a. This drawing, in fact, occurs due to the effect of the combined action of the axial translation and radial translation of the tubular sleeves 18.
  • tubular sleeve 18 can be mounted on the rotary shaft 12 with a tolerance of play, or in any case with a very limited difference in diameter, for example in the order of 1-2 mm, and only provided to allow the free rotation of the tubular sleeve 18 with respect to the rotary shaft 12. For this reason, it can be maintained that, in such solutions, the tubular sleeve 18 is constrained in movement in a radial direction with respect to the rotary shaft 12.
  • the coupling of the tubular sleeve 18 and the corresponding rotary shaft 12 can be carried out using bearings, or other radial support and/or constraint means, configured to support the tubular sleeve 18 and at the same time, to prevent its radial translation with respect to the rotary shaft 12.
  • the height D measured from the plate 15a, can have a value at least double that of the axial play A present between one end of the tubular sleeve 18 and the plate 15a, for example comprised between two and three times the value of the axial play A.
  • this superimposition allows a greater security of the radial constraint imposed on the tubular sleeves 18 by the protective lips 15d.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif de tamisage pour un tamis de séparation (10) de matières solides, comprenant :
    - un arbre rotatif (12),
    - une pluralité d'outils de tamisage (15) montés solidaires sur ledit arbre rotatif (12), en positions adjacentes et espacés les uns des autres, et comprenant au moins une plaque (15a) s'étendant radialement par rapport audit arbre rotatif (12), et
    - une pluralité de manchons tubulaires (18), chacun monté sur ledit arbre rotatif (12) de manière à être libre de tourner, et interposé entre une paire d'outils de tamisage consécutifs (15), chaque manchon tubulaire (18) comportant des bords d'extrémité (18a) situés, pendant l'emploi, sensiblement en face de la plaque respective (15a) de l'outil de tamisage (15) correspondant,
    caractérisé en ce que chacune desdites plaques (15a) est munie d'une lèvre de protection (15d) faisant saillie de ladite plaque (15a) de manière à recouvrir, pendant l'emploi, au moins un desdits bords d'extrémité (18a) desdits manchons tubulaires (18), ladite lèvre de protection (15d) ayant une forme annulaire et étant configurée pour entourer en proximité directe au moins un desdits bords d'extrémité (18a).
  2. Dispositif de tamisage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite lèvre de protection (15d) fait saillie des côtés opposés d'un plan de développement de ladite plaque (15a) de manière à recouvrir en même temps, pendant l'emploi, au moins deux desdits bords d'extrémité (18a).
  3. Dispositif de tamisage selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit manchon tubulaire (18) est contraint dans son mouvement dans une direction radiale par rapport audit arbre rotatif (12).
  4. Dispositif de tamisage selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit manchon tubulaire (18) a une section transversale annulaire de forme sensiblement circulaire, et en ce que ladite lèvre de protection (15d) a une section transversale de forme sensiblement circulaire, le diamètre extérieur desdits manchons tubulaires (18) étant sensiblement égal au diamètre intérieur de ladite lèvre de protection (15d).
  5. Dispositif de tamisage selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins certains desdits outils de tamisage (15) sont pourvus, sur leur périphérie radiale, d'un profil de pression circonférentiel (15c), présentant une forme dentelée définie par une alternance de creux (115c) et de crêtes (215c), et en ce que ladite lèvre de protection (15d) est interposée entre ledit profil de poussée (15c) et ledit arbre rotatif (12).
  6. Dispositif de tamisage selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacun desdits manchons tubulaires (18) présente une longueur inférieure à la distance entre deux outils de tamisage consécutifs (15) le long dudit arbre rotatif (12), pour définir un jeu axial (A) entre ledit manchon tubulaire (18) et les plaques (15a) des deux outils de tamisage (15), et en ce que ladite lèvre de protection (15d) est positionnée de manière à couvrir sur la périphérie ledit jeu axial (A).
  7. Dispositif de tamisage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un espace radial (I) inférieur ou égal audit jeu axial (A) est prévu entre ladite lèvre de protection (15d) et ledit bord d'extrémité (18a).
  8. Dispositif de tamisage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit espace radial (I) est compris entre 1 mm et 3 mm.
  9. Tamis de séparation pour le tamisage de matières solides, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de dispositifs de tamisage (20) selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, lesdits dispositifs de tamisage (20) étant adjacents et faisant face les uns aux autres pour définir une pluralité d'ouvertures de passage (G), chacune délimitée au moins par deux manchons tubulaires (18), deux paires de lèvres de protection (15d) et deux plaques (15a) respectifs.
EP15158657.5A 2014-03-11 2015-03-11 Dispositif de tamisage et tamis de séparation pour le tamisage de matières solides Not-in-force EP2921238B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD20140043 2014-03-11

Publications (2)

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EP2921238A1 EP2921238A1 (fr) 2015-09-23
EP2921238B1 true EP2921238B1 (fr) 2016-11-09

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FI126489B (fi) * 2015-11-10 2017-01-13 Bmh Tech Oy Kiekkoseula ja materiaalin kietoutumisenestoväline asennettavaksi kiekkoseulaan

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FI852997A7 (fi) 1984-08-31 1986-03-01 Beloit Corp Laikkalajittelijoiden tukkoon kiilautumisen estäminen.
IT1396412B1 (it) 2009-10-14 2012-11-19 Ecostar Srl Vaglio perfezionato per la separazione di materiali solidi.

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