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EP2920377B1 - Verfahren zum errichten eines gebäudes mit starker wärmedämmung und in diesem verfahren errichtetes gebäude - Google Patents

Verfahren zum errichten eines gebäudes mit starker wärmedämmung und in diesem verfahren errichtetes gebäude Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2920377B1
EP2920377B1 EP13795834.4A EP13795834A EP2920377B1 EP 2920377 B1 EP2920377 B1 EP 2920377B1 EP 13795834 A EP13795834 A EP 13795834A EP 2920377 B1 EP2920377 B1 EP 2920377B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boards
panels
building
panel
edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13795834.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2920377A1 (de
Inventor
Corentin THIERCELIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PopUp House SAS
Original Assignee
PopUp House SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2920377A1 publication Critical patent/EP2920377A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2920377B1 publication Critical patent/EP2920377B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/14Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/264Glued connections
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2103/00Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like
    • E04B2103/04Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like of plastics, fibrous material or wood

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new building construction method with high thermal insulation, and a building constructed by this method.
  • the document US3755982 describes in particular a panel system of lightweight material having high insulation characteristics and whose edges have longitudinal grooves. These panels can in particular be assembled by a wide joint of hardenable material, poured between the edges of two adjacent panels and thus penetrating into the grooves, and thus ensuring a tight and resistant seal. In addition, this curable material forms, once cured, a pole providing resistance to loads.
  • US3254464 shows polyurethane insulating cellular panels covered with a skin and connecting keys between the panels, fitting into the recessed half-cells formed on the edges of the panels. But this system requires panels of complex shape, and the use of wooden poles inserted into at least some of the cells to ensure the mechanical strength of the partitions thus formed.
  • EP0190818 shows a similar assembly system, but for insulating panels of simpler shape, solid and flat faces.
  • the panels are assembled with interpositions of posts, the connections between the panels and the posts being also made by longitudinal keys.
  • CA1116371 also shows a similar system, but in which the posts located at each junction between panels are replaced by simple keys, the reduced resistance thereof being compensated by the insertion of stiffeners in grooves formed in the faces of said panels.
  • EP0294079 also discloses an assembly system by keys or grooves and tongues.
  • GB 2440803 A discloses a building with high thermal insulation with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above, and aims in particular to simplify the construction of walls, ceilings and floors, and to ensure the thermal insulation of buildings using only lightweight building elements.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of constructing a building with high thermal insulation, at least some of whose walls consist essentially of panels of thermally insulating low density material as defined in claim 9.
  • the construction method thus greatly simplifies the construction, using panels with flat edges, which can be obtained by a simple straight cut, and requiring no particular shaping of the edges such as making grooves or tongues, etc..
  • the panels are assembled by being clamped between the two boards located on opposite sides of the panels.
  • the assembly can be achieved by screwing one board to the other across the width of the panel sandwiched between said boards, by means of long wood screws, or by strapping surrounding both the boards and the panel sandwiched between said boards.
  • the invention also relates to a building with high thermal insulation, at least some of the walls consist essentially of panels of thermally insulating material of low density, as defined in claim 1.
  • wall here should be understood both vertical walls constituting supporting walls or other partitions, horizontal walls constituting slabs or ceilings, or also inclined walls may for example be building covers.
  • the junction areas are formed between the edges of two panels assembled side by side in the same plane, or between the edge of a panel and a side of another panel, in the case of corner assembly. It is also possible, depending on the geometry of the buildings, to have bevelled joints, on the edges or even on the edges of the faces, to achieve all the desired angles.
  • the invention makes it possible to ensure very good thermal insulation of buildings by using only lightweight building elements in high thicknesses, typically 150 to 500 mm or more, preferably about 300 mm.
  • the lightness of the elements and their strong resistance resulting from their thickness facilitate their implementation and their transport, and gives the construction good mechanical and seismic properties.
  • connection of the latter with the panels also prevents their bending deformation transverse to their plane or torsion, and thus eliminates any risk of buckling under vertical load when the boards are vertical.
  • the panels are horizontal, for slabs, or sloping, for roofs, again the panels ensure that the boards will remain flat, in a vertical plane, without possibility of torsion, and therefore with the best possible resistance in bending thanks to the relatively large width of the boards.
  • the boards and panels ensure the overall strength of the walls thus formed, whether they are arranged vertically, horizontally or inclined, as long as the boards themselves are in a plane substantially vertical.
  • the boards can be used advantageously for fixing heavy elements on walls or ceilings, for example cumulus or any other conventional large mass accessory.
  • Another advantage of the invention is the safety in case of fire, compared to constructions insulating panels according to the prior art, despite the use of insulating materials such as expanded polystyrene. Indeed, in case of fire, the polystyrene will melt, but the boards will withstand fire longer and, remaining assembled between them, continue to ensure some resistance of the structure despite the disappearance of insulation panels.
  • the panels are preferably expanded foam of the type: expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, resole foam.
  • expanded polystyrene expanded polystyrene
  • extruded polystyrene polyurethane foam
  • resole foam polyurethane foam
  • resole foam resole foam
  • wood fiber panels compact rock wool, compact glass wool, or cork.
  • materials will be used having the best possible characteristics in terms of thermal insulation, and low density, so that even large panels can be handled with the minimum of transport and lifting equipment and the minimum of manpower, in particular be handled and implemented by one or two people.
  • the boards are preferably in lumber, plywood, plywood, lamibois, etc., with the possibility of fireproofing treatment.
  • They could also be rigid material, having a fire resistance, for example in the form of composite wood or metal blades.
  • the boards have a width substantially equal to the thickness of the panels, and a small thickness relative to their width, in a ratio typically between 1/8 and 1/15.
  • the section of these boards may be 30 cm X 3 cm, a ratio of the order of 10 between width and thickness.
  • the small thickness of the boards also has the advantage of a low weight, to be easily manipulated by a single person.
  • a building according to the invention can be made with a minimum of material handling and very little labor.
  • the assembly clamping panels between two boards provides a very good mechanical strength. Indeed, in the first place, the panels brace the different walls, and thus prevent the overall deformation of the construction.
  • the panels also prevent the deformations of the planks, in particular in bending and torsion, and compensate in some way so the relative flexibility of the boards resulting from their small thickness, to maintain and improve their compressive strength along the longitudinal direction.
  • the panels thus prevent the buckling of the boards even under heavy axial load. They also prevent the twisting of planks, from which it also results, thanks to the relatively large width of the planks, a great resistance also to bending in the general plane of the planks.
  • the boards have a width equal to or greater than the thickness of the panels, it is possible to fix on the edges boards, on the inside or outside of the partition or on both sides, cleats or other profiles allowing to attach protective or decorative coatings of all known types. Cleats or similar profiles, fixed on the edges of the boards can also be used to bind together distant boards and consolidate the assembly of boards and panels. These cleats may be arranged perpendicularly to the boards, or also obliquely to achieve bracing complementary to that which is generally obtained by the panels themselves.
  • a conventional coating for example of reinforced, composite, etc., type may be applied to the walls thus formed according to the invention, that is to say applied directly on the panels and on the songs planks.
  • a coating may be applied to the outer faces of the walls, and a decorative coating, gypsum board, paneling, etc. will be fixed on horizontal cleats connecting the boards and fixed on the edges of them, as indicated previously.
  • Other coatings may also be fixed in a similar way: wood panels, fibered sheets, metal cladding, rainscreen, etc.
  • a floor When the invention is used to make a slab, a floor can be placed in a conventional manner on joists fixed on the edges of the boards, or even directly on the boards if their spacing allows such use of the boards directly as joists.
  • a ceiling can be fixed on the edges of the boards of the conventional ceiling suspension profiles, or possibly fix boards gypsum board directly on the lower edge of the boards.
  • the building represented Figures 1 and 2 is a simple, one-story house.
  • the basic and high slabs 1a, 1b, the walls 2 and the roof 3 are made according to the invention, by assembling polystyrene panels of dimensions typically 2.6 m ⁇ 1.2 m ⁇ 0.3 m. thickness and boards 20 plywood thickness 3 cm.
  • the walls can be pre-assembled on the ground before being erected and linked to walls already mounted, by gluing, or screwing for example, at the corners.
  • the figure 3 shows the assembly of the panels and boards in an example not covered by the invention but useful for its understanding, in which the edges of the panels 10 are glued to the boards 20.
  • the boards of the vertical partition rest on the side of the boards constituting the slab, and can be fixed by any conventional fastening means.
  • the panels constituting the walls are also glued on those constituting the slab.
  • the figure 4 shows the assembly of panels and boards according to an example not covered by the invention but useful for its understanding, in which blades 30 are fixed on the edges of the boards 20 to form I-shaped profiles, and the edges 11 of the panels are inserted by force between the wings of said profiles. This results in an interlocking edges of the panels in said profiles, ensuring the rigid assembly of the panels with the boards.
  • This assembly by embedding may be completed by gluing the panels on the webs or between the wings of the profiles. In the case where the panels are not glued on the profiles, it will be possible to ensure the interlocking of the panels in the profiles by interconnecting the profiles of the same set of coplanar panels, for example by cleats like this. will be indicated later.
  • FIG 4 also shows the use of horizontal clamps 40 fixed by screws on the blades 30 and the edges of the boards 20. These brackets 40 connect together several boards 20, as explained above, and also allow to fix an inner lining, such as for example plasterboard. Electrical conduits may be placed between the panels 10 and these plates or any other finishing coating, and held by the cleats 40.
  • the figure 5 shows the assembly of panels and boards according to a first embodiment, wherein the boards are assembled by screwing, so as to grip a panel between two boards.
  • special wood screws 50 of great length and having a diameter of the order of 6 mm, for example, whose length is adapted to traverse, from a last laid board 20a, all the width of the panel 10, and screw into the previously laid board 20b, located on the other side of the panel 10.
  • This assembly mode has the facility to cross the light insulating panels by the screws 50.
  • the tightening of the screws ensures a very good contact, under pressure, boards with the edges of the panels. This improves the resistance of the whole, favored by the presence of the screws forming a kind of reinforcement in the thickness of the wall and by the friction, resulting from the tightening of the screws, between the boards 20 and the edges of the panels 10.
  • the mounting of a wall according to this embodiment is done simply by first assembling a first panel between two planks screwed one on the other. Then we add a second panel whose song is placed against one of the boards and we place a third board that is screwed on the board already in place through the second panel, and so on. For disassembly and recycling of this construction, simply unscrew the screws 50, to separate the boards and panels, beginning disassembly by the last board set up during assembly.
  • the figure 6 shows the assembly of panels and boards according to a second embodiment, wherein the boards are assembled by strapping, by means of steel strip 60 for example.
  • the strips 60a which are used to assemble a panel and a new board on a board 20b already in place, between said board 20b and the board 10a before definitively circling said board 20b on the board 10a, and and so on.
  • cleats in particular horizontal cleats, can also be fixed directly on the edges of the boards 20, to serve as a support for a covering, as explained above, by allowing ducts, ducts or cables to pass between said covering and the surface of the panels .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Gebäude mit starker Wärmedämmung, bei dem mindestens bestimmte Wände (1a, 1b, 2, 3) im Wesentlichen aus Platten aus thermisch dämmendem Material geringer Dichte bestehen, wobei die Platten (10) über ihre gesamte Dicke mit einheitlich ebenen Kanten versehen und untereinander durch Zwischenfügen von Brettern (20) auf Höhe der Verbindungsbereiche zwischen zwei nebeneinanderliegenden Platten verbunden sind, wobei die Bretter (20) auf Höhe der vorgenannten Verbindungsbereiche über die gesamte Länge und Tiefe der Plattenkanten so mit den Platten (10) verbunden sind, dass die Verbindung der Bretter mit den Platten die Biegeverformung der Platten quer zu ihrer Ebene und ihre Torsionsverformung verhindert und die Versteifung der Wände sicherstellt, wobei das Gebäude dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Platten (10) durch Einspannen montiert werden, wobei jede Platte zwischen den Brettern (20) an den gegenüberliegenden Kanten dieser Platte eingespannt ist.
  2. Gebäude nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Montage durch Verschraubung eines Bretts (20a) mit einem anderen (20b) über die Breite der zwischen diesen Brettern eingespannten Platte (10) mittels langer Holzschrauben (50) erfolgt.
  3. Gebäude nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Montage durch Umreifungen (60) ausgeführt wird, die gleichzeitig die Bretter (20) und die zwischen diesen Brettern eingespannte Platte (10a) umfassen.
  4. Gebäude nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bretter (20) durch Leisten (40) miteinander verbunden sind.
  5. Gebäude nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leisten (40) als Träger für Innen- oder Außenverkleidung dienen.
  6. Gebäude nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Platten (10) aus einem der nachfolgenden Materialien bestehen: expandiertem Schaum, geschäumtem Polystyrol, extrudiertem Polystyrol, Polyurethanschaum, Phenolschaum, Holzfaser, Steinwolle, Glaswolle, Kork mit einer Dicke von 150 bis 500 mm.
  7. Gebäude nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bretter (20) aus Bauholz oder Sperrholz oder Schichtholz, Furnierschichtholz, Holz-Kunststoff-Verbundwerkstoff bestehen.
  8. Gebäude nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bretter (20) eine Breite aufweisen, die im Wesentlichen der Dicke der Platten (10) entspricht, und dass ihr Verhältnis Dicke zu Breite zwischen 1:8 und 1:15 liegt.
  9. Bauverfahren von einem Gebäude mit starker Wärmedämmung, bei dem mindestens bestimmte Wände (1a, 1b, 2, 3) im Wesentlichen aus Platten aus thermisch dämmendem Material geringer Dichte bestehen, bei dem man die Platten (10) mit einheitlich ebenen Kanten über die gesamte Dicke der Platten auf die gewünschten Abmessungen zuschneidet und die Platten untereinander durch das Zwischenfügen von Brettern (20) auf Höhe der Verbindungsbereiche zwischen zwei nebeneinanderliegenden Platten montiert, wobei die Bretter auf Höhe der vorgenannten Verbindungsbereiche über die gesamte Länge und Tiefe der Plattenkanten so mit den Platten verbunden sind, dass die Verbindung der Bretter mit den Platten die Biegeverformung der Platten quer zu ihrer Ebene und ihre Torsionsverformung verhindert und die Versteifung der Wände sicherstellt, wobei dieses Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Platten (10) zwischen zwei Brettern (20) eingespannt werden, die an den gegenüberliegenden Kanten der Platten liegen, durch Verschrauben einer Platte mit einer anderen über die Breite der zwischen diesen Brettern eingespannten Platte oder durch Umreifung, die gleichzeitig die Bretter und die zwischen diesen Brettern eingespannte Platte umfasst.
EP13795834.4A 2012-11-14 2013-10-28 Verfahren zum errichten eines gebäudes mit starker wärmedämmung und in diesem verfahren errichtetes gebäude Not-in-force EP2920377B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1260856A FR2997977B1 (fr) 2012-11-14 2012-11-14 Procede de construction d'un batiment a haute isolation thermique et batiment construit par ce procede
PCT/FR2013/052572 WO2014076385A1 (fr) 2012-11-14 2013-10-28 Procédé de construction d'un bâtiment à haute isolation thermique et bâtiment construit par ce procédé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2920377A1 EP2920377A1 (de) 2015-09-23
EP2920377B1 true EP2920377B1 (de) 2017-12-20

Family

ID=48040314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13795834.4A Not-in-force EP2920377B1 (de) 2012-11-14 2013-10-28 Verfahren zum errichten eines gebäudes mit starker wärmedämmung und in diesem verfahren errichtetes gebäude

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9574347B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2920377B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6281713B2 (de)
CN (1) CN104797761B (de)
AU (1) AU2013346658B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2889097A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2997977B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2656260C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2014076385A1 (de)

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IT202000007471A1 (it) 2020-04-08 2021-10-08 Plushaus S R L Modulo da costruzione per la costruzione di edifici prefabbricati con isolamento termico e relativo edificio.
WO2025093647A1 (de) 2023-11-02 2025-05-08 T Chesa GmbH Strukturgebäude zum eigenbau

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IT202000007471A1 (it) 2020-04-08 2021-10-08 Plushaus S R L Modulo da costruzione per la costruzione di edifici prefabbricati con isolamento termico e relativo edificio.
EP3892786A1 (de) 2020-04-08 2021-10-13 Plushaus S.r.l. Linearmodul für gebäude zur herstellung von konstruktionsrahmen von fertighäusern mit wärmedämmung, bausatz für gebäude und gebäude
WO2025093647A1 (de) 2023-11-02 2025-05-08 T Chesa GmbH Strukturgebäude zum eigenbau
DE102023130368A1 (de) * 2023-11-02 2025-05-08 T Chesa GmbH Strukturgebäude zum Eigenbau

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JP2016501324A (ja) 2016-01-18
RU2015122637A (ru) 2017-01-10
AU2013346658A1 (en) 2015-05-07
FR2997977B1 (fr) 2016-01-01
RU2656260C2 (ru) 2018-06-04
CN104797761B (zh) 2018-01-16
JP6281713B2 (ja) 2018-02-21
US9574347B2 (en) 2017-02-21
WO2014076385A1 (fr) 2014-05-22
US20150300018A1 (en) 2015-10-22
CN104797761A (zh) 2015-07-22
EP2920377A1 (de) 2015-09-23
AU2013346658B2 (en) 2017-12-07
CA2889097A1 (fr) 2014-05-22
FR2997977A1 (fr) 2014-05-16

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