EP2906493B1 - Crane, in particular overhead crane or gantry crane, comprising at least two crane girders - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, with at least two horizontally extending in a longitudinal direction and designed as truss crane girders, each comprising a top flange and on which a trolley with a hoist is movable.

From the German patent DE 260030 is a so-called two-gantry gantry crane with two horizontal crane girders and two vertical support beams known to form a portal frame of the gantry crane. The crane girders run parallel and at a distance from each other. At the lower ends of the support beams a chassis is arranged in each case, via which the gantry crane is movable in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the crane girder travel direction. On and along the crane girder is a trolley with a cable travels. According to the construction as a two-girder crane, a load-receiving means of the cable crane arranged on the cable between both crane girders is lowered or raised. The crane girders are designed as truss girders and each comprise a top chord and a bottom chord, which are each aligned horizontally and parallel to each other, and the upper and lower chords connecting vertically extending rod-shaped posts and diagonally extending rod-shaped struts.

The German Utility Model DE 1 971 794 U describes a further two-girder bridge crane, the horizontal crane girders are similarly designed as truss girders and each plate-shaped upper straps, bar-shaped lower straps and rod-shaped posts. On the upper straps a rail for a trolley is attached in the region of their inner edges.

From the German patent DE 37 31 245 C2 is known as a box girder crane girder for a two-girder bridge crane known. The box girder comprises a top chord and a bottom chord, which are connected to each other via two side walls. The top flange is formed by a formed as a T-profile beam roll profile with a horizontal flange and a vertical web, which projects inwardly into the box girder and forms a stiffening rib for the flange. On the flange of the T-profile support is centrally and above the web a longitudinally extending and a rectangular cross-section comprising rail welded from a solid material.

From the German Utility Model DE 66 04 483 U is a two-girder bridge crane with two trained as box girders crane girders known. The box girders are each composed of two double-T girders. For this purpose, upper and lower flanges of the double-T-beams are connected to each other, distributed over the entire length thereof each have a plurality of belt plates spaced from each other and welded to the upper and lower flanges. For the upper flanges can be used instead of a variety of belt plates and a one-piece, continuous Obergurtplatte.

From the German patent application DE 22 39 573 A is a trusses known. An upper flange of the truss girder is composed of two U-profiles by their mutually facing webs are bolted together. Here, posts and struts of the truss girder are arranged with their upper ends between the two webs of the U-profiles and clamped over the screw.

US2011247993 A discloses a crane according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention has for its object to provide a crane, in particular overhead crane or gantry crane, with improved crane girders ready.

This object is achieved by a crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, with the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims 2 to 9 advantageous embodiments of the invention are given.

According to the crane crane, in particular bridge crane or gantry crane, with at least two horizontally extending in a longitudinal direction and designed as truss crane girders, each comprising a top flange and on which a trolley with a hoist is moved, the crane girder advantageously improved by that the upper straps are each composed of two Obergurtprofilen, which are interconnected via a running rail for the trolley. By such a construction, a particularly simple assembly of the crane girder or the crane is possible. Thus, commercially available, conventional section steel can be used for the upper belt, from the manufacturing technology in a simple manner by mere connection with a corresponding running rail of the upper belt is made.

In a structurally simple design is provided that the Obergurtprofile each comprise a horizontal flange and for connecting the Obergurtprofile one of the upper straps each of the running rail is mounted on the upper sides of two adjacent flanges.

In an advantageous manner, it is furthermore provided that, seen in the longitudinal direction of the crane girder, the running rail is aligned centrally with the upper girder profiles.

Furthermore, it has an advantageous effect on the carrying capacity of the crane and running on the rails trolley, that the running rail is made of a solid material.

In a structurally simple design is provided that the running rail has a rectangular cross-section. Thus, commercially available steel bars can also be used for the rails and the manufacture of the crane can be simplified.

Advantageously, the assembly is also simplified in that the running rail is welded onto the upper flange.

Furthermore, it may be provided in an advantageous manner that the upper flange profiles are designed as angle-profile support and each comprise a subsequent to the flange vertical web. Thus, in a particularly simple manner conventional L-profile carrier can be used for the production of the upper straps.

An additional advantage is that the vertical webs are parallel to each other, spaced apart by a gap and the gap is bridged by the running rail.

In a structurally simple construction, it is provided that the crane girders designed as truss girders comprise struts and posts which each have upper recesses into which the vertical webs protrude.

• Figur 1 einen als Zwei-Träger-Kran ausgebildeten Brückenkran mit zwei erfindungsgemäßen Kranträgern und
• Figur 2 eine Querschnittsansicht eines der beiden Kranträger gemäß Figur 1.

An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• FIG. 1 a designed as a two-carrier crane bridge crane with two crane girders according to the invention and
• FIG. 2 a cross-sectional view of one of the two crane girder according to FIG. 1 ,

The explanations given below on the basis of a bridge crane also apply accordingly to a gantry crane.

The FIG. 1 shows a crane designed as a two-girder crane crane 1. The crane 1 comprises two truss formed as truss crane girder 2, each extending with an identical length L in its longitudinal direction LR and in this case are aligned horizontally, parallel and spaced from each other. At the opposite ends of the two crane girder 2 first and second trolleys 7, 8 are fixed, so that in the plan view, a frame is formed. About the trolleys 7, 8 of the crane 1 in a horizontal direction F transverse to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 on rails, not shown, can be moved. The rails are usually arranged vertically with respect to a floor and can be raised for this purpose, for example via a suitable support structure or attached to opposite building walls. In order to move the crane 1 or its crane carrier 2, the first chassis 7 is driven by a first electric motor 7a and the second chassis 8 by a second electric motor 8a. On the two crane girder 2 a trolley 9 is fitted with a trained as a cable hoist, which is movable over other trolleys transverse to the direction of travel F of the crane 1 and along the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2. The trolley 9 runs on the upper chords 3 of the two crane girders 2. For this purpose, preferably in the center, on each of the two upper straps 3 a running rail 13 is provided with a corresponding running surface 13a, so that the crane trolley 9 is arranged between the crane girders 2. Accordingly, the trolley 9 arranged centrally between crane girders 2 can be moved between the two crane girders 2 and between the trolleys 7, 8. Here, a load-receiving means of the trolley 9 arranged cable between both crane girders 2 can be lowered or raised. The crane 1 also includes a Crane control 10 and a suspension control switch 11 connected thereto, via which the crane 1 or the electric motors 7a, 8a and the crane trolley 9 can be controlled and operated separately with the cable.

The truss structures of both crane girders 2 have an identical construction and essentially comprise in each case a top flange 3, a bottom flange 4, diagonally extending struts 5 and vertical posts 6. Here, struts 5 are generally considered those elements of a truss structure which have an oblique or diagonal course exhibit. As a result, the struts 5 of a truss structure differ from the elements which run exclusively vertically and are referred to as posts 6.

The upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 each extend for the most part in a straight line, spaced from each other and except for at the opposite ends of the crane girder 2 parallel in the longitudinal direction LR between the chassis 7, 8. Here, the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 of each crane girder. 2 vertically spaced from each other.

The FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of one of the two crane girder 2, based on the closer construction of the crane girder 2 will be explained.

Each upper flange 3 is composed of two arranged in a horizontal plane and horizontally spaced apart first and second Obergurtprofilen 3d, 3e and welded onto the upper flange 3d, 3e running rail 13 for the trolley 9 together. The upper belt profiles 3d, 3e and the running rail 13 in this case run parallel in the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2.

The two upper flange profiles 3d, 3e are formed by an L or angle profile carrier, which in each case comprises a vertical web 3a and a horizontal flange 3c arranged at right angles thereto. The lower flange 4 is analogous to the upper flange 3 also composed of two L or angle profile carriers, namely a first lower flange 4d and a second lower flange profile 4e. Each Untergurtprofil 4d, 4e therefore also includes a horizontal flange 4f and a vertical web 4a, which are respectively arranged perpendicular to each other. The downward webs 3a of Obergurtprofile 3d, 3e of the upper chords 3 and the upwardly directed webs 4a of the lower chord profiles 4d, 4e of the lower chords 4 face one another. Due to the distance between the outermost edges of the flanges 3c, 4f of the upper flange profiles 3d, 3e or the lower flange profiles 4d, 4e, as seen in the longitudinal direction LR, there is also a width B of the corresponding crane girder 2.

The FIG. 1 shows that the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are connected to each other via a plurality of each planar-shaped struts 5 and 6 posts. In this case, the sheet-like struts 5 or surface struts and posts 6 preferably absorb forces in the direction of their longitudinal axis and thus in the plane of extent of their flat main surface. Such surface elements or surface structures are referred to in the technical mechanics as discs, whereas perpendicular to their plane of extent or main surface loaded surface elements are referred to as plates. Slices and thus also the surface struts differ for example from rods or rod-shaped posts and struts in that their thickness dimensions are substantially smaller than the flat extent of the disc determining length and width dimensions. Accordingly, sheet-like struts 5 can also be referred to as surface struts or disc struts.

Here, the struts 5 are formed as a sheet-metal profile with a main surface 5a having a substantially rectangular cross-section and in particular mirror-symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal axis LA, wherein the longitudinal sides to increase the Beulsteifigkeit at least in a central region in the form of auxiliary surfaces 5b are folded over. The basic structure of the planar posts 6 corresponds - with correspondingly adapted dimensions - substantially the structure of the sheet-like struts 5. Here, each extends in the planar posts 6 with a main surface 6a transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 and at right angles to this folded auxiliary surfaces 6b in this longitudinal direction LR. The sheet-like posts 6 can also be arranged or aligned such that the auxiliary surfaces 6b point towards or away from one of the ends of the crane girder 2.

The truss structure of each crane girder 2 is at the opposite Ends of the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 via an adapter 12 completed. About this adapter 12, the upper flange 3 and the lower flange 4 are connected to form a frame.

Starting from one of the two adapters 12 in the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2, a first planar post 6 is arranged, which forms a common bottom node UK on the lower girdle 4 with a first strut 5 connected to the lower girder 4. The first strut 5 extends in the longitudinal direction LR inclined at an angle α2 in the direction of the upper flange 3 and is fixed there. The angle of attack α2 is hereby enclosed by the first strut 5 and the post 6 terminating in the lower node UK. The angle of incidence α2 is preferably in a range of 35 ° to 55 ° and is particularly preferably 45 °. On the upper flange 3 then adjoins the first strut 5, a second strut 5, which extends obliquely below the angle α2 down to the next lower node UK on the lower flange 4. This is repeated until the struts 5 reach the opposite end of the crane girder 2. Thus, each strut 5 forms with a planar post 6 in the region of the corresponding lower node UK at the lower chords 4 an equal angle α2. Here, an even number of saddle roof-like obliquely or diagonally arranged struts 5 is always used, so that the last strut 5 ends at the lower flange 4 and drops to this. Depending on the length L of the crane girder 2, the angle of attack α2 is determined prior to assembly, so that an even number of struts 5 each having the same length and the same angle of attack α2 are used. As a result, the upper rail 3 carrying the running rail 13 is reinforced against bending.

The struts 5 are aligned within the truss structure of each crane girder 2 so that each of their major surface 5a extends transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2. In addition, the struts 5 are welded with their lower first strut ends 5 g to the lower flange 4.

At their upper second strut ends 5h and post ends 6h, respectively, an upper recess 5i, 6i are provided on the struts 5 and the posts 6, into which the webs 3a of the upper run profiles 3d, 3e protrude and there with longitudinal sides of the upper recess 5i, 6i abut and in this area with the struts 5 and the post 6 are welded (see also FIG. 2 ). The horizontal flanges 3c of the upper flange profiles 3d, 3e hereby point outwards and thus away from the upper recesses 5i, 6i of the struts 5 or posts 6. The planar posts 6 are pushed with their lower first post end 6g or a lower recess 6e arranged therein on the webs 4a of the lower flange 4d, 4e and welded to them. It is also conceivable to provide a separate lower recess 6e in the first post end 6g in the same way as in the struts 5 for each web 4a. Seen transversely to the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2 is between the webs 3a of the upper flange 3 so only one strut 5 and a post 6 is provided.

Furthermore, the shows FIG. 2 in that two strut arms 5j are formed at the upper second strut end 5h in the region of the upper corners of the struts 5 by centering on the upper second strut end 5h and with respect to the longitudinal axis LA of the strut 5 an upper recess 5i having a substantially rectangular cross-section the main surface 5a is provided. The upper recess 5i extends from the upper second strut end 5h parallel to the longitudinal axis LA, with the opposite longitudinal sides of the upper recess 5i extending equidistantly to the right or left of the longitudinal axis LA. The upper recess 5i is viewed transversely to the longitudinal axis LA dimensioned so that at least the two vertically downwardly facing webs 3a of the two Obergurtprofile 3d, 3e dip into the upper recess 5i or can be pushed into it.

Also, the FIG. 2 can be taken that the webs 3a of the two Obergurtprofile 3d, 3e with their longitudinal sides of the upper recess 5i facing outer sides abut the longitudinal sides and that there is a weld along the welds S. A further welded connection is provided between the upper flange 3 and the upper second strut ends 5h, in particular in the form of horizontal weld seams S between the strut arms 5j and the flanges 3c of the upper flange profiles 3d, 3e lying on their end faces facing in the direction of the longitudinal axis LA.

Alternatively to the representation in the FIG. 2 It is also conceivable that not just one upper recess 5i, but instead of the lower recesses 5e, two upper recesses 5i are provided. The main surface 5a may then extend as well as between the lower recesses 5e and between the upper recesses 5i in the direction of the upper second strut end 5h and here form a middle third strut arm 5j. In particular, the central strut arm 5j formed by the main surface 5a can fall back there in the direction of the longitudinal axis LA relative to the end faces of the strut feet 5f or the end faces of the two outer strut arms 5j, provided that the recesses 5e, 5i have at least one for receiving or positioning the webs 3a, 4a of the upper and lower chords 3, 4 have sufficiently deep slot-shaped cross-section.

Also is the FIG. 2 it can be seen that the webs 3a of the upper belt profiles 3d, 3e are preferably arranged closer to one another and thus less far from the longitudinal axes LA of the struts 5 than the webs 4a of the lower belt profiles 4d, 4e. As a result, the upper flange profiles 3d, 3e of each upper flange 3 of the two crane girders 2 can also be used in the FIG. 2 shown running rail 13 are connected to each other from the webs 3a facing away from each other tops. For connecting the horizontally juxtaposed upper chord profiles 3d, 3e, therefore, a corresponding running rail 13 is welded onto the upper sides of the upper chord profiles 3d, 3e.

The rails 13 have a rectangular cross-section and form on their upper sides in each case one of the running surfaces 13a for the chassis of the trolley 9, not shown here. Each running rail 13 is preferably centered or centered with respect to the two parallel webs 3a of the corresponding upper run profiles 3d, 3e and thus also centered with respect to the longitudinal axis LA of the strut 5. In addition, the running rail 13 is dimensioned such that it bridges the distance between the webs 3a dipping into the upper recess 5i and can be welded to the flanges 3c of the upper run profiles 3d, 3e along the longitudinal direction LR of the crane girder 2.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

crane

2

crane carrier

3

upper chord

3a

web

3b

low profile

3c

flange

3d

first upper belt profile

3e

second upper chord profile

3f

gap

4

lower chord

4a

web

4b

low profile

4d

first lower chord profile

4e

second lower chord profile

4f

flange

5

strut

5a

main area

5b

Secondary area

5c

lower recess

5e

lower recess

5f

Strut

5g

first end of the strut

5h

second end of the strut

5i

upper recess

5y

strut arm

6

post

6a

main area

6b

Secondary area

6e

lower recess

6g

first post end

6h

second post end

6i

upper recess

7

first landing gear

7a

first electric motor

8th

second chassis

8a

second electric motor

9

crab

10

crane control

11

Suspension control switch

12

adapter

13

runner

13a

tread

α2

angle of attack

B

width

F

direction of travel

L

length

LA

longitudinal axis

LR

longitudinal direction

OK

upper node

S

Weld

UK

lower node

Claims (9)

1. Crane (1), in particular an overhead crane or gantry crane, having at least two crane girders (2) which extend horizontally in a longitudinal direction (LR), are designed as trussed girders and each comprise an upper run (3) and on which a crane trolley (9) having a lifting gear can be moved, characterised in that the upper runs (3) are each composed of two upper run profiles (3d, 3e) which are connected together via a running rail (13) for the crane trolley (9).
2. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the upper run profiles (3d, 3e) each comprise a horizontal flange (3c) and in each case the running rail (13) is attached to upper sides of two adjacent flanges (3c) in order to connect the upper run profiles (3d, 3e) of one of the upper runs (3).
3. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the running rail (13) is arranged centrally between the upper run profiles (3d, 3e).
4. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the running rail (13) is produced from a solid material.
5. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the running rail (13) has a rectangular cross-section.
6. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the running rail (13) is welded to the upper run profiles (3d, 3e).
7. Crane (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the upper run profiles (3d, 3e) are formed as angular profile girders and each include a vertical web (3a) adjoining the flange (3c).
8. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the vertical webs (3c) extend in parallel with each other, are spaced apart from each other via a gap (3f) and the gap (3f) is bridged by the running rail (13).
9. Crane (1) as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the crane girders (2) designed as trussed girders comprise struts (5) and posts (6) which each have upper apertures (5i, 6i), into which the vertical webs (3a) protrude.

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