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EP2979893B1 - Élement de securite optique variable et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Élement de securite optique variable et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2979893B1
EP2979893B1 EP15002084.0A EP15002084A EP2979893B1 EP 2979893 B1 EP2979893 B1 EP 2979893B1 EP 15002084 A EP15002084 A EP 15002084A EP 2979893 B1 EP2979893 B1 EP 2979893B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tiling
security element
pixel elements
element according
motif
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15002084.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2979893A1 (fr
EP2979893B2 (fr
Inventor
Falk Amthor
Thomas Gerhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Publication of EP2979893B1 publication Critical patent/EP2979893B1/fr
Publication of EP2979893B2 publication Critical patent/EP2979893B2/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optically variable security element for securing security papers, value documents and other data carriers, having a motif area which shows different image information from different viewing directions.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, but also other valuables, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role in the authentication of authenticity since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers.
  • the security elements are thereby equipped with optically variable elements that give the viewer a different image impression under different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
  • the motif area of the security element is conventionally usually divided into a plurality of square or circular pixels or into a multiplicity of rectangular stripes.
  • the pixels or stripes are subdivided into several groups, each group of pixels or stripes generating the image information for a particular viewing direction. Based on this, the present invention seeks to provide an optically variable security element of the type mentioned with particularly high security against counterfeiting.
  • the pixel elements of the creative area match the tiles of the tiling. Just as the tiles cover the entire area seamlessly and without overlapping, so too do the pixel elements cover the motif area completely and without overlapping. Since the pixel elements within the motif area represent the tiles of the tiling, the terms pixel element and tile are often used interchangeably in the context of this description.
  • all tiles of the tiling may have the same shape, or there may be a finite set of different tiling templates (hereafter referred to as tiling) which will determine the shape of the tiles appearing in the tiling.
  • tiling a finite set of different tiling templates
  • Each pixel element (tile) has a maximum dimension which is below 500 ⁇ m and preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • each tile of the tiling is congruent with an element of a set of different protoplates, wherein the thickness of the amount of protocide is advantageously less than or equal to 6 and in particular 1, 2, 3 or 4.
  • the thickness of the amount of protocals is 1, so that each tile of the tiling is congruent with exactly one protocachel.
  • Such a tiling is called monohedral tiling.
  • the tiling is periodic, that is, the symmetry group of tiling contains two linearly independent shifts.
  • an image that depicts the tiling on itself referred to as symmetry of tiling.
  • the set of all such symmetries forms a group called the symmetry group of the tiling.
  • the symmetry group of the tiling contains at least one rotational symmetry of order 2, 3, 4 or 6.
  • Security elements with a tiling whose symmetry group contains no mirror symmetry are currently particularly preferred.
  • the tiling is monohedral and periodic, but has no mirror symmetry.
  • the tiling is aperiodic and in particular represents a Penrose tiling.
  • Aperiodic tilings can be constructed from one or more protoplates.
  • edges Those edge points of the tiles touching at least three tiles are called nodes, as in graph theory, and the border areas between the nodes are called edges.
  • the tiles of the tiling in particular the tiles of a monohedral tiling on no straight edges. This means that none of the edges of the single protocachel (monohedral tiling) or all protochains are straight. In this way, the complete coverage of the layer can be combined with a complex outline of the individual tiles and thus a great freedom of design for the designer.
  • the edges are each composed of two or more, each forming an angle straight line pieces.
  • the edges may also be curved and second, for example, by Bezier curves Grades, B-splines or NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines).
  • the edge of at least one protocach represents a natural motif, in particular a plant, an animal, a human or a mythical creature.
  • a natural motif in particular a plant, an animal, a human or a mythical creature.
  • Such designs have the advantage that they can usually be recognized and recognized at first glance.
  • tilings with recognizable tile motifs were made especially by the Dutch artist and graphic artist M.C. Escher was taken up in numerous works.
  • the motif area contains an image motif which is visible to the naked eye and whose outline shape corresponds to the outline shape of a protocachel.
  • the image motif visible to the naked eye expediently has a dimension of more than 5 mm, in particular more than 10 mm.
  • the size ratio of the image motif and the corresponding protocol is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, or even 50 or more.
  • the pixel elements of the image information-generating groups are expediently provided with diffractive structures, holographic structures, subwavelength gratings, printed structures, color-shifting thin-film elements, coloring nanoparticles, polarizing elements, refractive structures such as micromirrors, microlenses or microfine lenses, or other functional layers.
  • the structures may, for example, have gaussian or sinusoidal profiles or be formed by rectangular gratings, tenons, triangular gratings or sub-wavelength gratings.
  • At least part of the pixel elements may additionally be covered with further functional layers, in particular with electrical or magnetic functional layers, which may generate additional, mechanically testable coding in the security element.
  • the pixel elements can also be occupied simultaneously with a plurality of structures, for example for producing mixed colors. It is also not necessary that all pixel elements are occupied with similar structures. For example, a first group of pixel elements may be occupied by holographic structures, while another group may be occupied by micromirrors or printed structures.
  • a group of pixel elements does not generate image information, so that these pixel elements act as recesses in the motif area.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which is provided with a security element according to the invention in the form of a glued transfer element 12.
  • the transfer element 12 represents a change image which presents the viewer with different image information 14A, 14B and 14C from three different viewing directions.
  • the image information for illustration by holographic letters "A”, “B”, or “C” formed the viewer when viewed obliquely from the left the letter “A”, when viewed vertically from above the letter “B” and oblique when viewed from the right perceives the letter "C”.
  • the appearance of the security element alternates between the three image information 14A, 14B, 14C.
  • more complex motifs are used, for example geometric patterns, portraits, architectural, technical or nature motifs.
  • a change picture may contain only two or more than three picture information or the security element may have a moving picture, a pump picture, a morph picture or a stereo picture instead of a change picture.
  • the motif area usually consists of several groups of pixel elements, each of which generates the image information for one of the different viewing directions.
  • the pixel elements are conventionally designed in the form of squares, circles or parallel stripes, as explained in more detail above.
  • the peculiarity of the present invention now consists in a particular embodiment and arrangement of the pixel elements, the realization of which places the highest technological demands and therefore significantly increases the security against forgery of the security element.
  • the motif region consists of three groups of respectively congruent pixel elements 22-A, 22-B, and 22-C, which are characterized in the figure by different hatching.
  • the pixel elements 22-A, 22-B, and 22-C form the tiles of a tiling and cover the motif area 20, despite their complex shape and their congruence gapless and without overlap.
  • the pixel elements all have the same shape, namely the shape of a lizard, which is shown as a protective tile 24 next to the section of the motif area 20.
  • the tiles 22 of the tiling are all congruent with the protocheck 24 and result from this by displacement and rotation.
  • the size of the tiles is in the embodiment at 100 microns (maximum dimension of the lizard form, here from the left front to the right rear foot), but may generally be between 5 microns and 500 microns.
  • the lizard shape of the tiles is not resolvable to the human eye without aids, while at the upper end of the range it is visually perceptible as an irregular lizard form.
  • the pixel elements or tiles 22 are respectively covered with holographic structures, namely the pixel elements or tiles 22-A with first holographic structures (wide hatching) which, when vertically illuminated, project the letter "A" obliquely to the left in the first viewing direction reconstruct the pixel elements or tiles 22-B with second holographic structures (medium hatching) which vertically reconstruct the letter "B" in the second viewing direction when illuminated vertically, and the pixel elements or tiles 22-C with third holographic structures (narrow hatching), which vertically reconstruct the letter "C" in the third viewing direction obliquely to the right.
  • first holographic structures wide hatching
  • the particular tiling of the motif area 20 is not recognizable; rather, the elements of the group of pixel elements 22-A, 22-B and 22-C cooperate in each case in order in each case to display the holographic image of the letters "A”. , "B” or “C” in the respective To reconstruct viewing direction. Only when viewed with a magnifying glass or a microscope, the lizard tilings of the motif area 20 is visible and thus serves as a recognizable only with aids authenticity feature higher level.
  • the tiling shown here is a periodic tiling, ie a tiling whose symmetry group contains two linearly independent displacements.
  • the displacement vectors 26 of the two linearly independent displacements are in Fig. 2 drawn for illustration.
  • the symmetry group of the tiling contains rotational symmetries of order 3, as in particular in the representation of Fig. 3 which shows an arbitrarily selected tile 22-A and dashed additionally the adjacent tiles 22-B, 22-C.
  • the edge points of the tile 22-A (and any other tile) touching at least three tiles represent the nodes 60, 62 of the tile outline, the edge areas 64 between the nodes 60, 62 the edges of the tile outline.
  • Every second node 60 (full points in Fig. 3 ) is piercing point of the axis of rotation of a rotational symmetry of order 3.
  • the edges of the hexagon 66 have been replaced by non-straight edges 64 composed of a plurality of line segments to produce the lizard shape. Due to the symmetry of the tiling, three of these non-straight edges result from the other three edges by rotation about one of the nodes 60.
  • the use of tiles 22 exclusively with non-straight edges leads to complex outline shapes of the tiles, which are difficult to reproduce and offer the designer a high degree of freedom of design.
  • the symmetry group of the tilings does not contain any mirror symmetry.
  • the pixel elements can also be occupied by other structures which generate image information, as described above.
  • a group of pixel elements 32-A may also be blank and produce no image information.
  • pixel elements 32-B and 32-C each generate image information, such as an alternate image, unoccupied regions 32-A within motif region 30 act as recesses of complex outline shape.
  • the shape of the tiles 22 can also accommodate a macroscopic outline shape of a view 44 of the motif area 42.
  • the motif area 42 of a security element 40 can show a holographic view 44 of a lizard, which is embodied, for example, as a three-dimensional real-color hologram.
  • the individual color pixels of the true color hologram are formed by the tiles 46-A, 46-B and 46-C of the tiling of the motif area.
  • tiling was in the embodiment already at Fig. 2 described tiling with three groups of pixel elements 46-A, 46-B, 46-C used, all of which are formed in lizard shape congruent to the protokol 24 and to the outline of the holographic view 44.
  • the maximum dimension of the view 44 is, for example, 5 mm, the corresponding maximum dimension of the tiles 46, however, only 100 microns, so that the size ratio of the view 44 and the corresponding Protokachel 24 in the embodiment is equal to 50.
  • the correspondence of the microscopic information formed by the outline shape of the tiles 46 and the macroscopic information formed by the outline of the view 44 can be used as an additional authentication feature.
  • FIG Fig. 6 An embodiment with two different prototypes 50-A, 50-B is described with reference to FIG Fig. 6 illustrated.
  • Protokachel 50-A is a rhombus with internal angles of 72 ° and 108 °
  • the Protokachel 50-B a rhombus with internal angles of 36 ° and 144 °.
  • Penrose tiling 54 of a motif region 52 can be produced which, as in FIG Fig. 6 (b) shown consisting of pixel elements or tiles 56-A and 56-B.
  • the tiles 56-A are all congruent with the protocache 50-A and the tiles 56-B are all congruent with the protocache 50-B.
  • the peculiarity of these Penrose tilings is that they allow a gapless and overlap-free, but nevertheless aperiodic covering of the plane.
  • the pixel elements or tiles 56-A, 56-B are respectively covered with holographic structures for different viewing directions, so that a total of one tilted image with two views is formed.
  • Aperiodic parquets and Penrose parquets can also be formed from more than two protoplates, which can be used accordingly for alternating pictures with more than two views.
  • Penrose tiling such as the 50-A, 50-B protochels
  • a clearly determined Penrose tiling can be generated from a serial number of a banknote or a value document and used to generate the motif area of the associated security element.
  • the serial number can be read out, the associated Penrose tiling generated, and checked for coincidence with the tiling realized on the security element.
  • the invention has been explained primarily with reference to alternating images, it is not limited in any way to alternating images or the variants mentioned. Rather, the invention can be applied to all optically variable security elements in which a motif area shows different image information from different viewing directions.
  • the invention is also not limited to the banknote transfer elements used for illustration, but can also be used, for example, in security threads, wide security strips, or cover sheets placed over a window area or through opening of a document.

Landscapes

  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Élément de sécurité optiquement variable (12) pour la protection de papiers de sécurité, de documents de valeur et d'autres supports de données, avec une zone à motif (20) montrant différentes informations d'image (14-A, 14-B, 14-C) depuis différentes directions de visualisation, dans lequel :
    - la zone à motif (20) est constituée de deux ou plus groupes d'éléments de pixel congruents (22-A, 22-B, 22-C), parmi lesquels au moins deux groupes (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) produisent une information d'image (14-A, 14-B, 14-C) dans différentes directions de visualisation,
    - les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) forment les dalles d'un pavage du plan et recouvrent la zone à motif (20) complètement et sans chevauchement,
    - les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) présente une forme de contour complexe, celle-ci n'étant ni triangulaire, ni carrée, ni hexagonale ou circulaire, et en ce que
    - les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) présentent une dimension maximale de 500 µm ou moins.
  2. Élément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque dalle (56-A, 56-B) du pavage est congruente à un élément d'une quantité de proto-dalles (50-A, 50-B) différentes, dans lequel le cardinal de l'ensemble de proto-dalles est avantageusement égal ou inférieur à 6 et s'élève en particulier à 1, 2, 3 ou 4.
  3. Élément de sécurité selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque dalle (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) du pavage est congruente à exactement une proto-dalle.
  4. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le pavage est périodique, de sorte que le groupe de symétrie du pavage contient deux translations linéaires indépendantes.
  5. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le groupe de symétrie du pavage contient au moins une symétrie de révolution de l'ordre de 2, 3, 4 ou 6.
  6. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le groupe de symétrie du pavage ne contient pas de symétrie spéculaire.
  7. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3 et 6, caractérisé en ce que le pavage est apériodique, et représente en particulier un pavage de Penrose.
  8. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les dalles (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) du pavage ne présentent pas de bords droits, avantageusement en ce que les bords se composent respectivement de deux segments de droite ou plus formant respectivement un angle.
  9. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le bord d'au moins une proto-dalle représente un motif relatif à la nature, en particulier une plante, un animal, une personne ou une créature mythologique.
  10. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la zone à motif (20) contient un motif à image visible à l'oeil nu, dont la forme de contour correspond à la forme de contour d'une proto-dalle, dans lequel le rapport de grandeur de motifs à image et la proto-dalle correspondante s'élève de préférence à 10 ou plus, en particulier à 20 ou plus ou même à 50 ou plus.
  11. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) des groupes produisant une information d'image sont occupés par des structures diffractives, des structures holographiques, des grilles de sous-longueurs d'onde, des structures réfractives comme des micro-miroirs, des micro-lentilles ou des micro-lentilles de Fresnel, des structures imprimées, des éléments en couche mince à couleurs changeantes, des nanoparticules colorantes, ou des éléments polarisants.
  12. Élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un groupe d'éléments de pixel ne produit pas d'informations d'image.
  13. Support de données comprenant un élément de sécurité selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 12.
  14. Procédé pour la réalisation d'un élément de sécurité optiquement variable (12) pour la protection de papiers de sécurité, de documents de valeur et d'autres supports de données, dans lequel une zone à motif (20) est réalisée, celle-ci montrant différentes informations d'image (14-A, 14-B, 14-C) depuis différentes directions de visualisation, dans lequel
    - la zone à motif (20) est constituée de deux ou plus groupes d'éléments de pixel congruents (22-A, 22-B, 22-C), parmi lesquels au moins deux groupes (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) produisent une information d'image (14-A, 14-B, 14-C) dans différentes directions de visualisation,
    - les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) sont ordonnés et formés qu'ils+ forment les dalles d'un pavage du plan et recouvrent la zone à motif (20) complètement et sans chevauchement,
    - les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) présente une forme de contour complexe, celle-ci n'étant ni triangulaire, ni carrée, ni hexagonale ou circulaire, et en ce que
    - les éléments de pixel (22-A, 22-B, 22-C) présentent une dimension maximale de 500 µm ou moins.
EP15002084.0A 2014-07-30 2015-07-14 Élement de securite optique variable Active EP2979893B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014011296.9A DE102014011296A1 (de) 2014-07-30 2014-07-30 Optisch variables Sicherheitselement

Publications (3)

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EP2979893A1 EP2979893A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
EP2979893B1 true EP2979893B1 (fr) 2019-01-02
EP2979893B2 EP2979893B2 (fr) 2025-03-26

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EP15002084.0A Active EP2979893B2 (fr) 2014-07-30 2015-07-14 Élement de securite optique variable

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DE (1) DE102014011296A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3856534A1 (fr) * 2018-09-24 2021-08-04 OVD Kinegram AG Élément optiquement variable, document de sécurité, procédé de fabrication d'un élément optiquement variable, procédé de fabrication d'un document de sécurité
US20220388326A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2022-12-08 Zhongchao Special Security Technology Co., Ltd Optical anti-counterfeiting element and anti-counterfeiting product
CN117324753B (zh) * 2023-10-18 2024-04-02 广东工业大学 激光诱导银掺杂石墨烯的通讯装置的加工方法及通讯装置
CN119993344B (zh) * 2025-01-20 2025-10-14 哈尔滨工业大学 一种红外特征模拟材料设计方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050179955A1 (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-08-18 Shovgenyuk Mikhail V. Graphic element for protecting banknotes, securities and documents and method for producing said graphic element
EP1800883B1 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2014-10-08 YOSHIDA, Kenji Structure d'impression de surface de support sur laquelle est formee un motif de points par impression et procede d'impression idoine
DE102006029850A1 (de) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-03 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
EP2928697B1 (fr) * 2012-12-07 2018-12-05 Sicpa Holding Sa Élément de sécurité pour document de carrelage non périodique

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Publication number Publication date
EP2979893A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
DE102014011296A1 (de) 2016-02-04
EP2979893B2 (fr) 2025-03-26

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