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EP2963359B1 - Dispositif de climatisation - Google Patents

Dispositif de climatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2963359B1
EP2963359B1 EP13876128.3A EP13876128A EP2963359B1 EP 2963359 B1 EP2963359 B1 EP 2963359B1 EP 13876128 A EP13876128 A EP 13876128A EP 2963359 B1 EP2963359 B1 EP 2963359B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat medium
heat
refrigerant
heat source
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13876128.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2963359A4 (fr
EP2963359A1 (fr
Inventor
Daisuke Shimamoto
Yuji Motomura
Takayoshi Honda
Osamu Morimoto
Tatsuo Ono
Koji Nishioka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP2963359A1 publication Critical patent/EP2963359A1/fr
Publication of EP2963359A4 publication Critical patent/EP2963359A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2963359B1 publication Critical patent/EP2963359B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F24F3/065—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units with a plurality of evaporators or condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/003—Indoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02732—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two three-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0312—Pressure sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21161—Temperatures of a condenser of the fluid heated by the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21162—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21173—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21174—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator

Definitions

  • the outdoor unit 1 includes check valves 13a to 13d, which can set a direction of a flow of the heat source-side refrigerant to be controlled to flow into the heat medium relay unit 3 constant regardless of a required operation for the indoor units 2.
  • the heat medium pipes 5 for circulating the heat medium include the heat medium pipes 5 connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the heat medium pipes 5 connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, each of which are split in accordance with the number of the indoor units 2 connected to the heat medium relay unit 3 (split into four branches in this embodiment). Further, the heat medium pipes 5 connected to the inlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the heat medium pipes 5 connected to the inlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 15b are respectively connected by the first heat medium flow switching devices 22, whereas the heat medium pipes 5 connected to the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the heat medium pipes 5 connected to the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 15b are respectively connected by the second heat medium flow switching devices 23.
  • the compressor 10 In the air-conditioning apparatus 100, the compressor 10, the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, the heat source-side heat exchanger 12, the opening and closing devices 17, the expansion devices 16, the heat source-side refrigerant passage in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, the second refrigerant flow switching devices 18, and the accumulator 19 are connected by the refrigerant pipes 4 to form the heat source-side refrigerant circuit A.
  • the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium relay unit 3 are connected through the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b arranged in the heat medium relay unit 3, whereas the heat medium relay unit 3 and the indoor units 2 are similarly connected through the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b.
  • the heat source-side refrigerant circulating through the heat source-side refrigerant circuit A through the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b and the heat medium circulating through the heat medium circuit B exchange heat.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus 100 Based on an instruction from each of the indoor units 2, the air-conditioning apparatus 100 enables the indoor units 2 to perform the cooling operation or the heating operation. Specifically, the air-conditioning apparatus 100 enables all the indoor units 2 to perform the same operation and also enables each of the indoor units 2 to perform a different operation.
  • Fig. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling only operation mode of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • the cooling only operation mode is described taking as an example a case where a cooling load is generated in the indoor unit 2a corresponding to the use-side heat exchanger 26a and the indoor unit 2b corresponding to the use-side heat exchanger 26b.
  • the pipes indicated by the thick lines are the pipes through which the refrigerant (heat source-side refrigerant and heat medium) flows.
  • a direction of the flow of the heat source-side refrigerant is indicated by the solid arrows, whereas a direction of the flow of the heat medium is indicated by the dashed arrows.
  • the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 in the outdoor unit 1 is switched so that the heat source-side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source-side heat exchanger 12.
  • the pumps 21a and 21b are driven to open the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b and to close the heat medium flow control devices 25c and 25d so that the heat medium circulates between the intermediate heat changers 15a and 15b and the use-side heat exchangers 26a and 26b.
  • Low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, and then turns into high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 while rejecting heat to the outdoor air.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 passes through the check valve 13a to flow out of the outdoor unit 1, and then passes through the refrigerant pipe 4 to flow into the heat medium relay unit 3.
  • the opening and closing device 17a After passing through the opening and closing device 17a, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the heat medium relay unit 3 is split into a flow toward the expansion device 16a and a flow toward the expansion device 16b. Then, the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion devices 16a and 16b to turn into low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. Note that, the opening and closing device 17b is closed.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flows into each of the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b functioning as the evaporators and takes away heat from the heat medium circulating through the heat medium circuit B.
  • the two-phase refrigerant turns into low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant while cooling the heat medium.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out of the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b flows out of the heat medium relay unit 3 through the second refrigerant flow switching devices 18a and 18b, and then passes through the refrigerant pipe 4 to flow into the outdoor unit 1 again.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor unit 1 passes through the check valve 13d to be sucked into the compressor 10 again through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
  • the second refrigerant flow switching devices 18a and 18b are held in communication with low-pressure pipes. Further, the opening degree of the expansion device 16a is controlled so that superheat (degree of superheat) determined as a difference between the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35a and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35b becomes constant. Similarly, the opening degree of the expansion device 16b is controlled so that superheat determined as a difference between the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35c and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35d becomes constant.
  • the cooing energy of the heat source-side refrigerant is transferred to the heat medium in each of the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b.
  • the cooled heat medium is controlled to flow through the heat medium pipes 5 by the pumps 21a and 21b.
  • the heat medium which is pressurized by the pumps 21a and 21b to flow out thereof, flows into the use-side heat exchangers 26a and 26b through the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a and 23b. Then, the heat medium takes away heat from the indoor air in the use-side heat exchangers 26a and 26b to cool the indoor space 7.
  • the heat medium flows out of the use-side heat exchangers 26a and 26b to flow into the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b.
  • the heat medium flows into the use-side heat exchangers 26a and 26b.
  • the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b passes through the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a and 22b to flow into the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b, and is then sucked into the pumps 21a and 21b again.
  • the heat medium flows in a direction to the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a and 22b from the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a and 23b through the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b.
  • the air conditioning load required for the indoor space 7 can be achieved by performing control so that a difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31a or the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31b and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 34a (or the second temperature sensor 34b) is kept as a target value.
  • As outlet temperatures of the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b any of the temperatures obtained by the first temperature sensors 31a and 31b or an average temperature thereof may be used.
  • the opening degree of each of the first heat medium flow switching devices 22 and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23 is set to an intermediate opening degree so that the passages to both the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b are secured.
  • the heat medium When the cooling only operation mode is executed, the heat medium is not required to be controlled to flow to the use-side heat exchangers 26 without a heat load (including a thermostat-off state). Therefore, the passages are closed by the heat medium flow control devices 25 so that the heat medium does not flow to the use-side heat exchangers 26.
  • the heat medium is controlled to flow through the use-side heat exchangers 26a and 26b because of the presence of heat loads, whereas the use-side heat exchangers 26c and 26d are not actuated. Therefore, the corresponding heat medium flow control device 25c and heat medium flow control device 25d are fully closed.
  • the heat medium flow control device 25 When the heat load is generated in the use-side heat exchangers 26 or a heat recovery device is operated, the heat medium flow control device 25 only needs to be opened to allow the heat medium to circulate.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b turns into liquid refrigerant while rejecting heat to the heat medium circulating through the heat medium circuit B.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the intermediate heat exchanger 15b is expanded by the expansion device 16b to turn into low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a functioning as the evaporator through the expansion device 16a.
  • the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flowing into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a takes away heat from the heat medium circulating through the heat medium circuit B to evaporate and cool the heat medium.
  • the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows out of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, and flows out of the heat medium relay unit 3 through the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a to flow into the outdoor unit 1 again.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor unit 1 passes through the check valve 13c to flow into the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 functioning as the evaporator. Then, the refrigerant flowing into the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 takes away heat from the outdoor air in the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 to turn into low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out of the heat source-side heat exchanger 12 is sucked into the compressor 10 again through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
  • the heating energy of the heat source-side refrigerant is transferred to the heat medium in the intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
  • the heated heat medium is controlled to flow through the heat medium pipes 5 by the pump 21b.
  • the cooling energy of the heat source-side refrigerant is transferred to the heat medium in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a.
  • the cooled heat medium is controlled to flow through the heat medium pipe 5 by the pump 21a.
  • the heat medium which is pressurized by the pumps 21a and 21b to flow out thereof, flows into the use-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d through the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d.
  • the heat medium takes away heat from the indoor air in the use-side heat exchanger 26a to cool the indoor space 7. Further, the heat medium rejects heat to the indoor air in the use-side heat exchangers 26b to 26d to heat the indoor space 7. At this time, after the flow rate of the heat medium is controlled to the flow rate necessary to achieve the air conditioning load required for the interior by the functions of the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d, the heat medium flows into the use-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
  • the heat medium which passes through the use-side heat exchanger 26a to have a slightly increased temperature, passes through the heat medium flow control device 25a and the first heat medium flow switching device 22a to flow into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, and is sucked into the pump 21a again.
  • the heat medium which passes through the use-side heat exchangers 26b to 26d to have a slightly lowered temperature, passes through the heat medium flow control devices 25b to 25d and the first heat medium flow switching devices 22b to 22d to flow into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, and is sucked into the pump 21b again.
  • the heated heat medium and the cooled heat medium are introduced into the use-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d respectively with the heating loads and cooling loads without being mixed, by the functions of the first heat medium flow switching devices 22 and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23.
  • the heat medium flows in the direction to the first heat medium flow switching devices 22 from the second heat medium flow switching devices 23 through the heat medium flow control devices 25 on both the heating side and the cooling side.
  • the air conditioning load required for the indoor space 7 can be achieved by controlling the difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31b and the temperatures detected by the second temperature sensors 34b to 34d to be kept as a target value on the heating side and the difference between the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 34a and the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31a to be kept as a target value on the cooling side.
  • the heat medium when the heating main operation mode is executed, the heat medium is not required to be controlled to flow to the use-side heat exchangers 26 without a heat load (including the thermostat-off state). Therefore, the passages are closed by the heat medium flow control devices 25 so that the heat medium does not flow to the use-side heat exchangers 26.
  • the heat medium is controlled to flow through all the use-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d because of the presence of heat loads. However, when any one of the use-side heat exchangers 26 does not have the heat load, the corresponding one of the heat medium flow control devices 25 is fully closed.
  • the working pressure of the relief valves 60 is determined based on the kind of heat medium and the kind of heat source-side refrigerant and the size of each of the relief valves 60 is selected in accordance with the maximum pressure of the heat medium and the maximum pressure of the heat source-side refrigerant to determine (control) the expelling flow rate out of the system. In this manner, the pressure in the secondary loop is kept at an appropriate pressure.
  • the leakage of the heat source-side refrigerant may be determined based on a change in the refrigeration cycle of the primary loop such as a reduction in the second pressure sensor 37 of the outdoor unit 1 in place of the detection by the refrigerant leakage detection device 61.
  • the second pressure sensor functions as refrigerant leakage detection means.
  • the heat medium pressure detection device 62 (see Fig. 3 ) for detecting the pressure in the secondary loop may be arranged to detect the leakage of the heat source-side refrigerant based on the increase in pressure in the secondary loop.
  • the heat medium pressure detection device 62 functions as the refrigerant leakage detection means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Appareil de climatisation (100), comprenant :
    un circuit de fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur (A) pour faire circuler du fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur, dans lequel un compresseur (10), un échangeur de chaleur côté source de chaleur (12), un dispositif de détente (16) et un passage de fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur dans un échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire (15) sont connectés en série par des tuyaux ; et
    un circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) pour faire circuler un milieu caloporteur, dans lequel une pompe (21), un échangeur de chaleur côté utilisation (26) et un passage de milieu caloporteur dans l'échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire (15) sont connectés en série par des tuyaux,
    le circuit de fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur (A) et le circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) étant connectés en cascade de sorte que le fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur et le milieu caloporteur échangent de la chaleur dans l'échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire (15),
    le circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) incluant un clapet de décharge (60),
    le clapet de décharge (60) étant actionné lorsque le fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur s'écoule dans le circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) et une pression dans le circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) atteint une valeur prédéterminée, pour ainsi expulser le fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur et le milieu caloporteur, et
    la valeur prédéterminée est déterminée sur la base d'un type du fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur et d'un type du milieu caloporteur,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une valeur Cv du clapet de décharge (60) satisfait une valeur obtenue en divisant
    un produit d'une valeur Cv d'un trou de communication formé entre le circuit de fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur (A) et le circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) et d'une racine carrée d'une différence entre la pression maximale du fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur et une pression de travail du clapet de décharge (60) par une racine carrée de la pression de travail du clapet de décharge (60).
  2. Appareil de climatisation (100) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre des moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène configurés pour détecter une fuite du fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur,
    dans lequel l'entraînement de la pompe (21) est arrêté lorsque les moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène détectent la fuite.
  3. Appareil de climatisation (100) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre :
    un dispositif de commande d'écoulement de milieu caloporteur (25) configuré pour commander un débit d'écoulement du milieu caloporteur ; et
    des moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène configurés pour détecter une fuite du fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur,
    dans lequel le dispositif de commande d'écoulement de milieu caloporteur (25) est fermé lorsque les moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène détectent la fuite.
  4. Appareil de climatisation (100) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel les moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène sont installés dans l'échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire (15) ou à proximité de l'échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire (15).
  5. Appareil de climatisation (100) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel les moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène détectent la fuite lorsque la pression dans le circuit de milieu caloporteur (B) atteint la valeur prédéterminée.
  6. Appareil de climatisation (100) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel les moyens de détection de fuite de fluide frigorigène détectent la fuite sur la base d'un changement dans une situation de fonctionnement du circuit de fluide frigorigène côté source de chaleur (A).
EP13876128.3A 2013-02-28 2013-02-28 Dispositif de climatisation Active EP2963359B1 (fr)

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CN106556191B (zh) * 2015-09-30 2019-05-03 大金工业株式会社 船舶用制冷装置
JPWO2018105102A1 (ja) * 2016-12-09 2019-06-27 三菱電機株式会社 ヒートポンプ装置
JP6771642B2 (ja) * 2017-02-21 2020-10-21 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和装置
CN106895561B (zh) * 2017-02-28 2019-07-30 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 一种检测空调器冷媒泄漏的方法、空调器的控制装置和空调器
JP6785961B2 (ja) * 2017-06-09 2020-11-18 三菱電機株式会社 ヒートポンプ利用機器
JP6976407B2 (ja) 2018-02-28 2021-12-08 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和装置
KR102078720B1 (ko) * 2018-03-09 2020-02-18 엘지전자 주식회사 공기조화기 실내기 및 그 제어 방법
JP7457888B2 (ja) * 2020-07-02 2024-03-29 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 熱媒体循環システム

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JPH10338023A (ja) * 1997-06-05 1998-12-22 Zexel Corp 車両用冷却装置
JP2000227242A (ja) 1999-02-02 2000-08-15 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd 空調設備の予冷予熱制御方法
JP2000230732A (ja) * 1999-02-08 2000-08-22 Zexel Corp 冷媒漏洩防止機能を備えた蓄冷式空調装置
US6973958B1 (en) * 2004-10-19 2005-12-13 Ching-Lung Chou Heat transfer apparatus having anti-oxidization device
JP5309061B2 (ja) * 2010-03-10 2013-10-09 リンナイ株式会社 給湯システム

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JPWO2014132378A1 (ja) 2017-02-02
WO2014132378A1 (fr) 2014-09-04
JP5959716B2 (ja) 2016-08-02
EP2963359A1 (fr) 2016-01-06

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