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EP2961560A1 - Procédé permettant d'assembler des platines pourvues d'un revêtement métallique ou des feuillards en acier par soudage au laser - Google Patents

Procédé permettant d'assembler des platines pourvues d'un revêtement métallique ou des feuillards en acier par soudage au laser

Info

Publication number
EP2961560A1
EP2961560A1 EP14704284.0A EP14704284A EP2961560A1 EP 2961560 A1 EP2961560 A1 EP 2961560A1 EP 14704284 A EP14704284 A EP 14704284A EP 2961560 A1 EP2961560 A1 EP 2961560A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weld
focus
welding
laser
laser beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14704284.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Alber
Kai Leibold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wisco Lasertechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Wisco Lasertechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wisco Lasertechnik GmbH filed Critical Wisco Lasertechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2961560A1 publication Critical patent/EP2961560A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
    • B23K26/0732—Shaping the laser spot into a rectangular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for joining together provided with a metallic coating blanks or strips of steel by laser beam welding, in which the blanks or strips without prior removal of the
  • the metallic coating of the sinkers or tapes is preferably based on aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • Tailored blanks made of sheet steel are used in the automotive industry to produce high
  • manganese-boron steels typically have a ferritic-pearlitic structure and have strengths of about 600 MPa.
  • a martensitic microstructure can be set in the molding press, so that the steels treated in this way can reach tensile strengths in the range from 1500 to 2000 MPa.
  • Steel blanks are usually coated with a metallic coating as a corrosion protection coating to a
  • the coating material used is usually a zinc or aluminum alloy, preferably an aluminum-silicon alloy. When welding such coated sheets, however, the problem arises that coating components,
  • JP 07041841 A discloses a laser welding method for joining butt jointed steel sheets, in which fine melted carbon powder is supplied to the weld melt in order to achieve a carbon-rich weld melt and thus a harder weld seam.
  • melt-bath dynamics of the weld metal are influenced by the use of special protective gas, so that the alloying elements of the metallic coating undergo intensive mixing with the weld metal in such a way that they become conductive
  • the present invention has the object to provide a further method of the type mentioned, can be produced with the cost of qualitatively flawless welds, the
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the laser beam used for joining the metallically coated blanks or strips is focused such that it strikes the weld seam area with an oblong focus, wherein the oblong focus extends substantially in line with the weld seam and has a length which is at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 1.8 times, more preferably at least 2 times its width.
  • the laser beam used for joining the metallically coated blanks or strips is focused such that it strikes the weld seam area with an oblong focus, wherein the oblong focus extends substantially in line with the weld seam and has a length which is at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 1.8 times, more preferably at least 2 times its width.
  • steel blanks provided with an aluminum-containing metallic coating the following can be observed. Up to about 2 wt .-% aluminum is soluble in ⁇ -iron. This means that up to this aluminum content, the steel alloy remains curable.
  • Aluminum content in the range of about 2 to 10 wt .-% is
  • Aluminum is soluble in the iron and is called an a-iron mixed crystal. At higher aluminum contents, intermetallic phases form.
  • the aluminum content in the weld is too high, namely greater than 2% by weight, then there is a considerable or undesirable drop in hardness in the weld seam. In such cases, this is also referred to as a "hardening bag" in the weld seam, and aluminum nests and / or aluminum lancets are usually found in the weld seam
  • the aluminum content in the weld should therefore preferably be less than 1.8% by weight.
  • aluminum nests and / or aluminum lancets in the weld should be prevented.
  • a laser optics is used in laser welding, which focuses the laser beam so that it impinges on the weld seam area with a substantially circular focus.
  • the focus diameter in the weld region is usually in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 mm.
  • welding takes place with an oblong, preferably line-shaped, focus.
  • the focus or line preferably corresponds to one substantially
  • Essentially rectangular laser beam focus can be used in the method according to the invention, for example as follows
  • Method is accordingly characterized in that the elongated focus in the weld area has a focus area in the range of 1.2 mm 2 to 3.0 mm 2 .
  • the inventive method is characterized by a significantly improved productivity.
  • the welding speed can be greater than or equal to 5 m / min in the inventive method.
  • the welding speed in the method according to the invention is in the range of 6 to 10 m / min.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the elongated focus in the weld region has a length-width ratio in the range of 2 to 4.
  • the filler material can be added to the molten bath (weld pool) in the form of a powder or wire.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the weldability generated by the laser beam and the hardenability and / or extensibility of the
  • this filler material can be so composed or supplied to the weld pool so that it causes a better mixing of the weld pool.
  • the filler material may contain at least one alloying element of a group comprising manganese, chromium, molybdenum, silicon and / or nickel.
  • the powdered or wire-shaped filler material has the following composition: 0.05-0.15% by weight of C
  • the weld pool (molten bath) is applied during the laser welding with inert gas (inert gas).
  • inert gas inert gas
  • Pure argon, helium, nitrogen or their mixture or a mixture of argon, helium, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and / or oxygen is particularly preferably used as protective gas.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of parts of a
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of parts of a
  • FIG. 1 shows a device with which a laser welding method according to the invention can be carried out.
  • the device comprises a base (not shown) on which two bands or sinkers 1, 2 of steel of the same or different material quality butt along the
  • one workpiece 1 or 2 has a relatively soft deep-drawing quality, while the other workpiece 2 or 1 consists of a high-strength steel sheet.
  • At least one of the workpieces 1, 2 is made of press-hardenable steel, for example of manganese-boron steel.
  • the workpieces 1, 2 and 2 ' are provided with a metallic coating, preferably an Al coating or Al-Si coating. In the embodiment sketched in FIG. 1, the workpieces 1, 2 have substantially the same sheet thickness.
  • Focusing lens 5 is provided for the laser beam 6. Furthermore, a line 7 for supplying protective gas is arranged on the laser welding head 4. The mouth of the protective gas line 7 is essentially at the focus area of the laser beam 6 or generated with the laser beam 6
  • the protective gas used is preferably pure argon or, for example, a mixture of argon, helium and / or carbon dioxide.
  • the laser welding head 4 can be assigned a filler material supply device (9) (not shown in FIG. 1), by means of which the welding pool 8 is provided with a special additive.
  • Material 10 is supplied in the form of a powder or wire, which is also melted by the laser beam 6 (see Fig. 2).
  • the laser beam 6 is focused in such a way that it strikes the weld seam area with an elongated focus 6 ', the elongate focus 6' extending substantially flush or parallel to the weld seam 11 or to the butt joint 3.
  • the laser welding head 4 is provided with a corresponding line focusing optics, for example a corresponding focusing lens 5.
  • the elongated focus 6 ' may also be referred to as a line focus.
  • the line-shaped focus 6 ' has a substantially rectangular shape
  • the length of the rectangular focus 6 ' is in the weld area, for example, about 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm, while its width there is about 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm.
  • the length-width ratio of the focus 6 ' is in the range of 1.5 to 4, preferably in the range of 1.8 to 4, particularly preferably in the range of 2 to 4.
  • the molten phase can be maintained longer and thus the outgassing time for strength-reducing coating constituents of the workpieces 1, 2, in particular aluminum can be increased.
  • the laser focus 6 ' is guided along the joint 3 at a welding speed of, for example, about 6 to 7 m / min.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1, characterized in that the workpieces 1, 2 'are different in thickness, so that at the butt joint 3 is a thickness jump d exists.
  • one workpiece 2 ' has a sheet thickness in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm, while the other workpiece 1 has a sheet thickness in the range of 1.6 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • those in the butt joint 3 may intercommunicate
  • the thicker board 1 may be made of higher strength steel sheet, whereas the thinner steel board 2 'may have a relatively soft deep-drawing quality.
  • Composition include:
  • Residual Fe and unavoidable impurities As delivered, i. before a heat treatment and
  • these steel blanks After hot forming, ie austenitizing at about 900 to 920 ° C. and subsequent rapid cooling, these steel blanks have a yield strength Re of about 1100 MPa, a tensile strength Rm of about 1,500 to 2,000 MPa and an ultimate elongation Aeo of about 5 , 0% up.
  • the used powder or wire-shaped filler material 10 has, for example, the following chemical composition:
  • the manganese content of the filler material 10 is preferably higher than the manganese content of the press-hardenable workpieces 1, 2 or 2 '.
  • the manganese content of the filler material 10 is preferably higher than the manganese content of the press-hardenable workpieces 1, 2 or 2 '.
  • Additional material 10 by about 0.2 wt .-% higher than the manganese content of the press-hardened workpieces 1, 2 or 2 '. Furthermore, it is favorable if the content of chromium and molybdenum of the filler material 10 is higher than in the press-hardenable workpieces 1, 2 or 2 '. Preferably, the combined chromium-molybdenum content of the filler material 10 is about 0.2 wt .-% higher than the combined chromium-molybdenum content of the press-hardenable workpieces 1, 2 and 2 '.
  • the nickel content of the filler material 10 is preferably in the range of 1 to 4 wt .-%.
  • the filler material 10 preferably a lower carbon content than the press-hardenable steel of the workpieces 1, 2 and 2 '.
  • Laser beam are also focused so that the elongated focus 6 'in the weld area has a substantially oval or polygonal cross-sectional profile (focus profile).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'assembler des platines pourvues d'un revêtement métallique, par exemple d'un revêtement en Al ou en AL-Si, ou des feuillards (1, 2 ; 2') en acier par soudage au laser. Selon ce procédé, les platines ou les feuillards (1, 2 ; 2') sont soudé(e)s ensemble sans élimination préalable du revêtement métallique de la zone de soudure. L'invention vise à obtenir des joints soudés de qualité satisfaisante et à faible coût, sans élimination préalable du revêtement métallique dans la zone de soudure, lesdits joints étant adaptés en particulier à des processus ultérieurs de façonnage à chaud et de trempe à la presse. A cet effet, selon l'invention, le faisceau laser (6) est focalisé de telle manière qu'il vient frapper la zone de soudure avec un foyer allongé (6'). Le foyer allongé (6') s'étend sensiblement en alignement avec la soudure (11) et présente une longueur atteignant au moins le 1,5ème de sa largeur. Ainsi, la phase par voie sèche peut être maintenue plus longtemps et la durée de dégagement des gaz pour des composants de revêtement, diminuant la résistance, des platines ou des feuillards (1, 2 ; 2'), en particulier l'aluminium, peut donc être augmentée.
EP14704284.0A 2013-02-27 2014-02-10 Procédé permettant d'assembler des platines pourvues d'un revêtement métallique ou des feuillards en acier par soudage au laser Withdrawn EP2961560A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013101953.6A DE102013101953A1 (de) 2013-02-27 2013-02-27 Verfahren zum Aneinanderfügen von mit einer metallischen Beschichtung versehenen Platinen oder Bändern aus Stahl durch Laserstrahlschweißen
PCT/EP2014/000357 WO2014131491A1 (fr) 2013-02-27 2014-02-10 Procédé permettant d'assembler des platines pourvues d'un revêtement métallique ou des feuillards en acier par soudage au laser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2961560A1 true EP2961560A1 (fr) 2016-01-06

Family

ID=50101860

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14704284.0A Withdrawn EP2961560A1 (fr) 2013-02-27 2014-02-10 Procédé permettant d'assembler des platines pourvues d'un revêtement métallique ou des feuillards en acier par soudage au laser

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2961560A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013101953A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014131491A1 (fr)

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US10052721B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-08-21 Magna International Inc. Method of laser welding coated steel sheets with addition of alloying elements
US10052720B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-08-21 Magna International Inc. Method of laser welding coated steel sheets with addition of alloying elements
CN107107268A (zh) * 2014-12-23 2017-08-29 麦格纳国际公司 激光束局部化涂覆的方法
DE102015115915A1 (de) * 2015-09-21 2017-03-23 Wisco Tailored Blanks Gmbh Laserschweißverfahren zur Herstellung eines Blechhalbzeugs aus härtbarem Stahl mit einer Beschichtung auf Aluminium- oder Aluminium-Silizium-Basis
CN108367386B (zh) 2015-12-18 2021-01-29 自动工程有限公司 用于结合两个坯件的方法及获得的坯件和产品
CN106475683B (zh) * 2016-12-29 2018-11-16 苏州大学 一种具有Al-Si镀层热成形钢板的激光拼焊方法
DE102017120611B4 (de) * 2017-09-07 2020-06-25 Wisco Tailored Blanks Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzschweißen eines oder mehrerer Stahlbleche aus presshärtbarem Stahl
KR102410518B1 (ko) * 2017-12-01 2022-06-20 현대자동차주식회사 테일러 웰디드 블랭크 제조방법
WO2019166852A1 (fr) * 2018-02-27 2019-09-06 Arcelormittal Procédé de production d'une pièce en acier soudée au laser durcie à la presse et pièce en acier soudée au laser durcie à la presse
DE102018104829A1 (de) 2018-03-02 2019-09-05 Voestalpine Automotive Components Linz Gmbh Verfahren zur Schweißvorbehandlung beschichteter Stahlbleche
MX2021000055A (es) * 2018-06-27 2021-03-25 Magna Int Inc Piezas en tosco de acero revestidas de soldadura laser con alambre de relleno.
DE102019108837A1 (de) * 2019-04-04 2020-10-08 Baosteel Tailored Blanks Gmbh Verfahren zum Schmelzschweißen eines oder mehrerer Stahlbleche aus presshärtbarem Stahl
CN110681997B (zh) * 2019-10-08 2021-10-15 上海交通大学 一种具有Al-Si镀层热成形钢板的脉冲激光拼焊方法
DE102019131906A1 (de) * 2019-11-26 2021-05-27 Voestalpine Automotive Components Linz Gmbh Verfahren zum Verschweißen beschichteter Stahlbleche
DE102019131908A1 (de) * 2019-11-26 2021-05-27 Voestalpine Automotive Components Linz Gmbh Verfahren zum Verschweißen beschichteter Stahlbleche
CN111604591A (zh) * 2020-05-14 2020-09-01 苏州大学 用于制造具有铝硅镀层的钢制零部件的方法
CN111843214A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-30 苏州大学 一种铝硅镀层钢/高强热成形钢复合钢制零部件的制造方法
CN113560720B (zh) * 2021-06-18 2023-02-10 上海宝钢阿赛洛激光拼焊有限公司 基于裂式高阶激光束的车用铝硅镀层钢板的拼焊方法
CN115609133B (zh) * 2022-11-17 2023-03-10 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 一种提升铝合金焊缝拉伸强度的焊接方法
CN118180625A (zh) * 2024-04-12 2024-06-14 陕西中科中美激光科技有限公司 一种激光送粉焊接方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013101953A1 (de) 2014-08-28
WO2014131491A1 (fr) 2014-09-04

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