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EP2954204A1 - Éolienne à transmission par traction - Google Patents

Éolienne à transmission par traction

Info

Publication number
EP2954204A1
EP2954204A1 EP14719632.3A EP14719632A EP2954204A1 EP 2954204 A1 EP2954204 A1 EP 2954204A1 EP 14719632 A EP14719632 A EP 14719632A EP 2954204 A1 EP2954204 A1 EP 2954204A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
generator
power plant
wind power
plant according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14719632.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Lutz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE201310202156 external-priority patent/DE102013202156A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102013202158.5A external-priority patent/DE102013202158B4/de
Priority claimed from DE202013001179.3U external-priority patent/DE202013001179U1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2954204A1 publication Critical patent/EP2954204A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00Transmission of mechanical power
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/402Transmission of power through friction drives
    • F05B2260/4021Transmission of power through friction drives through belt drives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/402Transmission of power through friction drives
    • F05B2260/4022Transmission of power through friction drives through endless chains
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind turbine according to the preamble of the claim
  • Wind turbines or wind turbines usually consist of a tower at the upper end of a rotor and a generator connected thereto are arranged.
  • the weight of the rotor and generator is very high, ranging up to 800 tons.
  • this high weight at the top of the tower requires a corresponding mechanical stability of the tower, which significantly increases the construction costs of the wind power plant.
  • DE 10 2008 024 829 B4 and DE-OS 28 17 483 at the top of the tower to arrange only the rotor and the generator in the bottom area of the tower.
  • the rotor shaft at the upper end of the tower is connected to the generator shaft via a traction mechanism drive.
  • the attachment of the at least one generator can be selected in a variety of ways, at a distance from the rotor.
  • the tower can be built easily and high, since the upper end of the tower only has to carry the rotor weight.
  • the tower Since the tower must also carry its own weight and absorb the wind pressure, the tower is designed to be more and more stable towards the bottom, since it has to absorb more and more dead weight. Consequently, it is possible to shift the generator down until the tower has sufficient stability to carry the load of the generator without problems. Since this is still the case in a certain tower height, it is achieved that the length of the traction mechanism drive is shortened.
  • the rotor shaft is also the first traction drive shaft, which means a simplified construction.
  • the traction mechanism drive is designed as a chain drive or toothed belt drive. Slip is excluded in a chain and timing belt drive. In addition, chain drives tend less to undesirable vibrations - claim 7. Similar to toothed belt drives are also traction drives with Kochnemen with nubs and complementary recesses in the wave wheels or wave wheels with knobs or teeth, which engage in complementary recesses in the drive belt, suitable - claim 8.
  • the traction means is tensioned with various measures, so that the power transmission can take place without slippage.
  • the protection of the traction mechanisms can also be achieved in that they extend at least in part - preferably in the lower region - in the interior of the tower.
  • the generator device comprises a plurality of generators which are arranged at different heights of the tower.
  • the provision of a plurality of generators reduces the weight of the individual generators, so that they can be arranged at a greater height without the tower having to become substantially more massive as a result.
  • Due to the advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 17 ensures that the rotor with tower can align with the wind and thereby less changing bending moments act on the tower. Due to the lighter construction of the tower, it is possible to anchor the entire tower rotatably in the lower part of the tower with a kind of sleeve.
  • the traction mechanism drives can run on both sides of the tower or according to the advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 19 in the upper region on one side and in the lower region on the opposite side.
  • the entire tower is firmly anchored in the ground and the rotor, the generator and the at least one traction mechanism is rotatably mounted on the tower about the tower longitudinal axis. This simplifies the construction, since not the entire tower has to be made rotatable.
  • the rotatable platform according to claim 24 represents a possibility of the rotatable arrangement of the generator.
  • connection of the generator with a turntable according to claim 25 provides an easy way to arrange the generator around the fixed anchored in the ground rotatable.
  • the advantageous embodiment according to claim 26, provides a simple way to curb noise emissions of the generator and to protect the generator from environmental influences.
  • the traction means is guided safely along the tower.
  • the rotational speed of the rotor can be optimally adapted to the generator.
  • the relatively small rotational speeds of the rotor in the range up to 20 rev / min
  • the relatively small rotational speeds of the rotor can be increased and adapted to high-speed generators that produce a high electrical power with small size.
  • the advantageous embodiments according to claim 30 to 35 indicate preferred ranges for the different rotational speeds of the rotor and generator. Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 36 friction losses in the at least one traction mechanism drive can be avoided and the susceptibility to defects can be reduced.
  • a pile foundation Due to the advantageous embodiment of claim 39 with a pile foundation, the foundation of the tower in the ground is cheaper. In addition, a pile foundation also allows the construction of a wind turbine on soft or unstable ground.
  • the tower is placed on a carrier pin firmly established in the ground, so that the tower is rotatably mounted on the carrier mandrel.
  • the traction mechanism drive is designed as a chain drive with at least one leaf chain.
  • Leaf chains with a plurality of interconnected links transversely to the direction of movement of the chain are safe and allow the transmission of high power.
  • Chain drives with chain links which are at least partially made of high-strength fiber-reinforced plastic or titanium are particularly advantageous.
  • Suitable plastics are, in particular, polyamide, plastics reinforced with carbon fibers and aramids (for example, Kevlar). It may be the chain drive completely made of high-strength plastic or only the link plates or the chain pins.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention with a traction drive
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a seventh embodiment of the invention with two traction mechanism drives
  • Fig. 1 1 is a schematic representation of the rotatable mounting of the tower in the ground.
  • 12 is a schematic representation of a tenth embodiment of the invention with a traction drive,
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic representation of a twelfth embodiment of the invention with two traction drives on one side of the tower and two generators, and
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic representation of a pile foundation for a wind turbine
  • FIGS. 1-7 + 16-17, FIGS. 8-11, and FIGS. 12-15 are provided with the same reference numerals
  • the generator 9 is arranged with generator shaft 1 1 and generator shaft 16 on one side of the tower 2.
  • generator shaft 16 and generator 9 can also be arranged opposite sides of the tower 2, wherein the generator shaft 1 1 then passes through the tower 2 and is rotatably mounted in the tower 2
  • the lower end 4 of the tower 2 inserted in a foundation 40 in a correspondingly large-sized bushing 42, wherein by appropriate rolling bearings or by an oil film 44, the rotation of the upper part of the tower. 2 is ensured in the bearing bush 42.
  • the tower 2 is additionally secured at the upper end of the bearing bush 42 with a ring bearing 46 in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of the invention, which differs from the fourth embodiment according to FIG. 5 in that, in addition to the first embodiment of FIG Rope drive 13, a second cable drive 60 is provided which extends parallel to the first cable drive 13 on the opposite side of the tower 2.
  • the second cable drive 60 includes a second rotor shaft 62 fixedly mounted on the rotor shaft 7, a second steel cable 64, and a second generator shaft 66.
  • the second generator shaft 66 is disposed on a second generator shaft 68 of a second generator 70, also on the annular one rotatable platform 52 is disposed opposite the first generator 9. Due to the parallel cable drives 13 and 60, the tower is symmetrically braced and can thus be built less massive while maintaining stability.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically a sixth embodiment of the invention, which also has a first cable drive 80 and a second cable drive 82.
  • the first cable drive comprises a first steel cable 84, which wraps around a rotor shaft wheel 86 and a second shaft wheel 88.
  • the second wave wheel 88 is arranged on a central cable drive shaft 90 which is rotatable by means of a tubular sleeve 92 about a vertical axis and slidably disposed on the tower 2 in the axial direction.
  • the second cable drive 82 comprises a third wave wheel 94, which is also arranged on the middle cable drive shaft 90, and a second steel cable 96, which wraps around the third wave wheel 94 and the generator shaft 16.
  • the tracking of the rotor 5, the cable drives 13; 13, 60; 80, 82 and the rotatable platform 52 can be carried out in the embodiments according to Figures 5 to 7 by means of electric motors.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of a seventh embodiment with a tower 2, which has an upper and a lower end 3, 4.
  • a rotor 5 with a horizontally extending rotor shaft 7 is arranged.
  • a generator 1 1 is arranged with a generator shaft 13 on a rotatable platform 9.
  • the coupling between the generator 11 and the rotor 5 takes place via a first cable drive 15 and via a second cable drive 17.
  • the first cable drive 15 comprises a rotor shaft 19 mounted on the rotor shaft 7 and a generator shaft 21 mounted on the generator shaft 13.
  • the generator shaft 13 passes through the tower 2 and is rotatably mounted in this.
  • the generator 1 1 and the generator shaft 21 are arranged on opposite sides of the tower 2.
  • the rotor shaft 7 is connected via the first cable drive 15 with a first and second cable drive 15, 17 common traction drive shaft 23.
  • the traction drive shaft 23 is arranged at least one rotor blade length below the upper end 3 of the tower 2.
  • the first cable drive 15 comprises the rotor shaft 19 on the rotor shaft 7, a arranged on the common Werstoffwege 23 first Werstoffwellenrad 25 and a first steel cable 27 which wraps around the Rotorwell enrad 19 and the first Switzerlandstoffwellenrad 23.
  • the common Switzerlandstofftechnischwelle 23 passes through the tower 2 and is rotatably mounted in this.
  • the second cable drive 17 comprises a second Gebstoffwellenrad 31 arranged on the opposite side of the tower 2 on the common Werstofftriebwelle 23, the Generatorwellenrad 21 and a second steel cable 33, which wraps around the second Werstoffwellenrad 31 and the Generatorwellenrad 21.
  • the second cable drive 17 drives via the generator shaft 21, the generator shaft 13 and thus the generator 1 1 at.
  • the tower 2 is rotatably mounted on the platform 9, so that the rotor 5 can align in the wind.
  • Fig. 10 shows a ninth embodiment of the invention, which differs from the embodiment of Fig. 9 in that in addition to the generator on the rotatable platform 9 - first generator 1 1 - a second and a third generator 50, 52 are provided.
  • the second generator 50 is on the first common traction drive shaft 23 and the third generator 52 is on the second common traction mechanism drive shaft 42 arranged.
  • the second and third generators 50, 52 are mounted on opposite sides of the tower 2 thereto. Characterized in that a plurality of generators 1 1, 50, 52 are provided, it is possible to build the above the bottom of the tower 2 arranged generators 50, 52 smaller or to use smaller generators, so that these then at a greater height on the tower 2 can be arranged without that the tower 2 would have to be made more massive.
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic representation of a tenth embodiment with a tower 2, which has an upper and a lower end 3, 4.
  • a rotor 5 with a horizontally extending rotor shaft 7 is arranged.
  • a generator 1 1 is arranged with a generator shaft 13 on a rotatable annular platform 9.
  • the coupling between generator 1 1 and rotor 5 via a cable drive 15 which comprises a mounted on the rotor shaft 7 rotor shaft 17, a mounted on the generator shaft 13
  • Generatorwellenrad 19 and a steel cable 21 which wraps around the two wave wheels 17 and 19.
  • the red 5 with rotor shaft 7 and rotor shaft 17 is rotatably mounted about a pivot bearing 23 at the upper end 3 of the tower 2 about a substantially vertical axis.
  • the rotatable platform 9 with generator 1 1, generator shaft 13 and generator shaft 19 are rotatably mounted on a foundation 25 about the substantially vertical axis about the tower.
  • the first cable drive comprises a first steel cable 54 which wraps around a rotor shaft 56 and a first shaft 58.
  • the first wave wheel 58 is disposed on a central common cable drive shaft 60 which is rotatable about the vertical axis by means of a tubular sleeve 62 and slidably disposed on the tower 2 in the axial direction.
  • the second cable drive 52 comprises a second wave wheel 64, which is likewise arranged on the middle cable drive shaft 60, and a second steel cable 66, which wraps around the second wave wheel 64 and the generator shaft wheel 19.
  • the tubular sleeve 62 may be secured by means of a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing on the tower 2.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic representation of a particularly simple embodiment of a transmission with which the comparatively low speed of the rotor and thus of the rotor shaft 15, a fast-running generator 9 can be adjusted.
  • the comparatively low rotor speed can be increased in a simple manner and adapted to the input speed of the high-speed generator 9.
  • An increased generator speed in comparison to the rotor speed can also be achieved by selecting the diameter of the rotor shaft wheel 15 to be greater than the diameter of the Genertorwellenradesl 6, as shown in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the speed can be increased incrementally, in which the diameter of a lower shaft 88 is dimensioned larger than the upper shaft 94 mounted on the same cable drive shaft.
  • FIG. 17 shows schematically an embodiment of the invention, in which the tower 2 of a wind turbine by means of a pile foundation 100 is anchored rigidly in the ground.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 17 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 7 only in that a rotatable platform 102 with generator 104 with lower wave wheel 105 is arranged underground in a recess 106 directly above the pile foundation 100.
  • the recess 106 is covered by a cover 108 and has an opening 1 10. Through the opening 1 10 extends a traction means 1 12.
  • the cover 108 is rigidly connected to the rotatable platform 102, so that the traction means 1 12 can always extend through the opening 1 10.
  • chain drives or toothed belt drives can be used, wherein the wave wheels are formed as gears.
  • the link chains of the chain drives are designed in particular as leaf chains, wherein the working width of the leaf chains of the power to be transmitted is adjusted.
  • Particularly suitable are so-called sprocket drives, wherein the working width of the toothed chains can also be adapted to the power to be transmitted. Toothed chains are produced, for example, by Kettenfuchs in various embodiments, lengths and working widths.
  • the chain drives can be made at least partially of high strength fiber reinforced plastics such as CFRP, aramids, etc., or of titanium.
  • the traction means in the form of toothed belts, or drive belts can also be made of high-strength fiber-reinforced plastics, such as CFRP, aramids, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une éolienne dans laquelle le rotor et le générateur sont reliés entre eux au moyen d'une transmission par traction. Le générateur n'est disposé ni à l'extrémité supérieure ni à l'extrémité inférieure du mât, ce qui permet de faire un compromis entre la hauteur du mât et la longueur de la transmission par traction. Le mât peut avoir une construction haute et légère car l'extrémité supérieure du mât ne doit supporter que le poids du rotor.
EP14719632.3A 2013-02-08 2014-02-05 Éolienne à transmission par traction Withdrawn EP2954204A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310202156 DE102013202156A1 (de) 2013-02-08 2013-02-08 Windkraftanlage
DE102013202158.5A DE102013202158B4 (de) 2013-02-08 2013-02-08 Windkraftanlage
DE202013001179.3U DE202013001179U1 (de) 2013-02-08 2013-02-08 Windkraftanlage
DE102013214165 2013-07-18
PCT/EP2014/052224 WO2014122165A1 (fr) 2013-02-08 2014-02-05 Éolienne à transmission par traction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2954204A1 true EP2954204A1 (fr) 2015-12-16

Family

ID=50588632

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14719632.3A Withdrawn EP2954204A1 (fr) 2013-02-08 2014-02-05 Éolienne à transmission par traction

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2954204A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014122165A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2638244A1 (es) * 2017-09-06 2017-10-19 Oleumsteel. S.L. Sistema de transmisión de giro de palas de aerogeneradores
US20220128033A1 (en) 2019-02-15 2022-04-28 Northeastern University Shallow draft, wide-base floating wind turbine without nacelle

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB474486A (en) * 1935-09-25 1937-11-02 Gen Fibre Products Inc Improvements in and relating to pivotal mountings for pulley structures
DE2817483A1 (de) * 1978-04-21 1979-10-31 Voith Getriebe Kg Windkraftanlage
DE102008024829B4 (de) * 2008-05-23 2012-11-29 Josef Heigl Windkraftanlage
DE102009027364A1 (de) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-05 Hüttenes-Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH Granulat und Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung
WO2011011515A1 (fr) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 Ener2 Llc Eolienne
EP2434153A1 (fr) * 2010-09-25 2012-03-28 Carl Leiss GmbH Tour éolienne
DE202011108484U1 (de) * 2011-11-30 2012-01-16 Horst Bendix Windenergieanlage mit horizontaler Rotorachse und mit unten liegendem Antrieb
DE102012009145A1 (de) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Siemag Tecberg Group Gmbh Windenergieanlage mit horizontaler Rotorwelle und mit drehbarem Turm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014122165A1 (fr) 2014-08-14

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