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EP2953794B1 - Coating apparatus having deflection device for deflecting a coating agent - Google Patents

Coating apparatus having deflection device for deflecting a coating agent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2953794B1
EP2953794B1 EP14703778.2A EP14703778A EP2953794B1 EP 2953794 B1 EP2953794 B1 EP 2953794B1 EP 14703778 A EP14703778 A EP 14703778A EP 2953794 B1 EP2953794 B1 EP 2953794B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deflection
coating agent
coating
component
agent jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14703778.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2953794A1 (en
Inventor
Frank Herre
Hans-Georg Fritz
Benjamin WÖHR
Timo Beyl
Marcus Kleiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Duerr Systems AG
Original Assignee
Duerr Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Duerr Systems AG filed Critical Duerr Systems AG
Publication of EP2953794A1 publication Critical patent/EP2953794A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2953794B1 publication Critical patent/EP2953794B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
    • B41J2/02—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating a continuous ink jet
    • B41J2/025—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating a continuous ink jet by vibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
    • B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
    • B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
    • B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
    • B41J2/04586—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits controlling heads of a type not covered by groups B41J2/04575 - B41J2/04585, or of an undefined type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/07—Ink jet characterised by jet control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to three-dimensional [3D] surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0457—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to three-dimensional [3D] surfaces of the work, e.g. by using several moving spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0283—Flat jet coaters, i.e. apparatus in which the liquid or other fluent material is projected from the outlet as a cohesive flat jet in direction of the work

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating device for in particular non-atomizing application of a coating agent, for. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive, on a component, namely on a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.
  • a coating agent for. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive
  • Rotary atomizers are usually used to coat motor vehicle bodies.
  • Rotary atomizers are advantageous because they produce a wide spray pattern and can therefore coat the motor vehicle bodies quickly and evenly with a layer of paint.
  • rotary atomizers are unsuitable for the production of patterns or for the production of sharp-edged applications because they apply the coating agent in the form of a diffuse spray cloud.
  • An application device for coating a motor vehicle body which does not coat by means of atomization, but instead outputs coherent coating agent jets which are subjected to a vibration and which, due to the coupling of vibrations between the application device and the motor vehicle body, disintegrate into drops.
  • application is sharper on the edge than possible by means of rotary atomizers, but in particular patterns cannot be achieved, or at least not optimally.
  • the robot guiding the application device would have to perform very precise and, for reasons of effectiveness, very fast movements, B. due to existing tolerances technically not or could only be achieved with disadvantageously high effort.
  • US 4,991,772 describes a coating device for spraying a viscous sealant onto vehicles, for example, wherein the sprayed sealant stream can be shaped by the controlled air nozzles surrounding it and can be deflected in any direction.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a coating device which is particularly suitable for pattern, company logo or pictogram application to a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.
  • the invention provides a coating device for preferably non-atomizing application of a coating agent, for. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive, on a component, namely a motor vehicle body (z. B. one or more sub-areas of the body) and / or an attachment therefor (z. B. bumpers, bumper strips , Window panes, etc.).
  • a coating agent for. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive
  • the coating device comprises an application device which has at least one outlet opening and is designed to discharge at least one coating agent jet.
  • the functional layer category includes layers that result in surface functionalization, such as adhesion promoters, primers or layers to reduce transmission.
  • the coating device is characterized by a deflection device which is designed to deflect the coating agent jet.
  • the coating agent jet z. B. can be deflected so that a design application, a detailed application, a pattern, a company logo and / or a pictogram is generated on the component.
  • the deflection device is particularly for deflecting the coating agent jet after z. B. executed laterally outside, preferably so that the point of impact of the coating agent jet on the component deviates from the fictitious point of impact of the central axis of the outlet opening or with others Words the central axis of the coating agent jet experiences a change in direction and z. B. deviates from the central axis of the outlet opening.
  • the deflection device is designed to acoustically or electrostatically deflect the coating agent jet.
  • the deflection device is preferably designed for at least temporarily continuously deflecting the coating agent jet.
  • the deflection device can also be designed for at least temporarily intermittent, cyclical or periodic deflection of the coating agent jet.
  • the deflection on the coating agent jet can, for. B. rectangular, triangular, pulse-shaped, sinusoidal and / or cosine.
  • the deflection device is preferably designed to generate a detailed application, a design application, a pattern, a pictogram and / or a company logo on the component.
  • the pattern can in particular comprise at least one of the following: at least one stripe, preferably a straight, curved and / or at least one stripe, at least one rectangle, preferably a checkered pattern (e.g. a checkered flag pattern), at least one polygon, at least one Polygon surface, at least one circular ring, at least one circular surface and / or at least one swirl application created by a movement overlay, the movement overlay comprising a circular or arc movement of the coating agent jet generated by the deflection device and a linear, in particular rectilinear movement of the application device.
  • a checkered pattern e.g. a checkered flag pattern
  • the detailed application, the design application, the pattern, the pictogram and / or the company logo is expediently sharp with a maximum deviation from a specified edge profile of z. B. at most 3mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.2mm or at most 0.1mm, preferably no coating agent splashes are present outside the detail application, the design application, the pattern, the pictogram and / or the company logo.
  • the deflection device is designed such that it acts on the coherent coating agent jet.
  • the deflection device can be designed to deflect the coating agent jet at least one-dimensionally and, for. B. have at least one deflection unit, but advantageously have two deflection units.
  • the two deflection units are expediently arranged opposite one another.
  • a deflection unit is sufficient to deflect the coating agent jet to one side with respect to the central axis (jet axis). If two deflection units are used, the application device can be used more flexibly.
  • the deflection device is designed for two-dimensional deflection of the coating agent jet and preferably has at least four deflection units, for. B. two first opposing deflection units and two second opposing deflection units, the effective directions of which preferably cross at right angles.
  • the number of deflection units is not limited to being arranged in pairs.
  • An odd number of deflection units for example 3 or 5, can also be used.
  • the deflection units do not necessarily have to lie opposite one another, for example they can also be arranged one below the other.
  • z. B Includes embodiments in which a deflection acting on the coating agent jet, which z. B. behaves like a harmonic vibration, by at least one additional, e.g. B. higher or lower frequency vibration is superimposed. This can, for. B. a phase shift of the superimposed vibration to the fundamental vibration can be achieved.
  • the application device can comprise a plurality of exit openings, the distance between the immediately adjacent exit openings preferably being dimensioned such that the adjacent coating agent jets do not meet between the application device and the component, but the coating agents of the adjacent coating agent jets unite on the component, e.g. B. flow together.
  • the application device can have a plurality of outlet openings with a specific nozzle inner diameter and a specific one Include nozzle spacing, the nozzle spacing being at least three times, four times or six times the inner diameter of the nozzle.
  • the coating device prefferably has a movement unit, which is preferably designed during an application and / or deflection process for moving the application device relative to the component.
  • the movement unit can e.g. B. be a multi-axis robot.
  • the multi-axis robot preferably has at least three programmable axes.
  • the movement unit, the application device and the deflection device are preferably configured in such a way that the application device is moved at least temporarily by the movement unit along a predefined path relative to the component during an application and / or deflection process.
  • the application device, the deflection device and the movement unit can be configured such that the application device is at least temporarily held statically or stationary by the movement unit during an application and deflection process and z. B. the component is moved relative to the application device.
  • the latter embodiment is particularly suitable for gluing window panes in motor vehicle bodies.
  • the application device prefferably mounted in a stationary manner per se, e.g. B. in a paint booth and the component is moved relative to the application device.
  • the application device and the movement unit are configured so that the dispensing of the coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the movement unit moves the application device relative to the component, and then the dispensing of the coating agent is resumed at another component position.
  • the coating device can also have a handling unit for handling the component relative to the application device.
  • the application device, the deflection device and the handling unit can be configured such that the component is at least temporarily moved by the handling unit along a predefined path relative to the application device during an application and / or deflection process.
  • the application device, the deflection device and the handling unit can be configured such that the component is held at least temporarily statically or stationary by the handling unit during an application and / or deflection process.
  • the latter embodiment is particularly suitable for gluing window panes in motor vehicle bodies.
  • the application device and the handling unit can, for. B. be configured so that the dispensing of the coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the handling unit moves the component relative to the application device, and then the dispensing of the coating agent is resumed in another component position.
  • the application device is configured in such a way that the dispensing of the coating agent can be switched on or off with a switching time of less than 70 ms, 50 ms, 25 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms or 1 ms.
  • the application device is designed to deliver at least one coherent coating agent jet.
  • the coherent coating agent jet can be relatively short, e.g. B. with a length from the outlet opening of less than 5mm, less than 4mm, less than 3mm, less than 2mm or even less than 1mm.
  • the deflector can, for. B. comprise at least two deflection units, the deflection of which acts on the coating agent jet in such a way that an deflected part of the coating agent jet runs with an undeflected part of the coating agent jet on the component to form a unit.
  • a deflected part of the coating agent jet on the component can produce a first coating and an undeflected part of the coating agent jet on the component can produce a second coating, the first coating and the second coating being separated from one another and thus representing individual coatings.
  • the deflection device prefferably comprises two first opposite deflection units and two second opposite deflection units, the two first deflection units and the two second deflection units being oriented transversely, preferably perpendicularly to one another.
  • the first deflection units can e.g. B. to generate a sinusoidal deflection on the coating agent jet and the second deflection units can be designed to generate a cosine deflection on the coating agent jet.
  • the application device can e.g. B. be carried out so that the exit speed of the coating agent is at most 30m / s, 20m / s or 10 m / s, whereby z. B. can be prevented that the coating agent bounces off the component and thus leads to coating agent splashes.
  • the deflection device prefferably be arranged downstream of the outlet opening.
  • the deflection device is arranged upstream of the outlet opening, for. B. within the application device and / or a swash plate, cam or cam construction.
  • the deflection device is preferably designed such that it can act on the coating agent jet at least almost at right angles.
  • the coating device is mainly not for producing a full-surface, an entire side of the component coating layer executed, such as the z. B. is common for rotary atomizers.
  • the coating device is preferably designed to produce edge-sharp coatings.
  • the coatings can in particular be design applications, detailed applications, logos, patterns, pictograms, stripes, rings, letters and / or lettering.
  • the coating device in particular the application device, preferably applies the coating agent to a paint layer of a component that has already been at least partially coated.
  • the invention is not limited to a coating device, but also includes a coating method for applying a coating agent, e.g. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive, on a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.
  • a coating agent e.g. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive
  • the coating process is preferably carried out with a coating device as described herein.
  • the coating method comprises the step of dispensing at least one coating agent jet from at least one outlet opening of an application device and is characterized above all by the fact that the coating agent jet is deflected by means of a deflection device. Further features of the coating method according to the invention result from the functional and structural description of the coating device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a coating device 1 for applying a coating agent, in particular a lacquer, to a Component B, in particular a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.
  • a coating agent in particular a lacquer
  • the coating device 1 comprises an application device 10 which has at least one outlet opening 11 and is designed to dispense at least one coating agent jet S1, which, contrary to the illustration, does not consist of spaced droplets, however.
  • the application device 10 is configured such that it outputs the coating agent in the form of a coherent, continuous coating agent jet.
  • the coating device 1 further comprises a deflection device 20 for the acoustic, one-dimensional deflection of the coating agent jet S1.
  • the deflection device 20 is arranged downstream of the outlet opening 11 and is designed such that it acts at least almost at right angles on the coating agent jet S1.
  • the deflection device 20 comprises at least one, preferably two opposite deflection units 21-22.
  • the deflection device 20 deflects the coating agent jet S1 laterally outwards. This makes it possible for the point of impact of the coating agent jet S1 on the component B to deviate from the fictitious point of impact of the central axis M of the outlet opening 11 or, in other words, for the center axis of the coating agent jet S1 to change direction and thus to deviate from the central axis M of the outlet opening 11, which is due to the Offset L in Figure 1 is shown.
  • the coating device 1 also comprises a movement unit 30, e.g. B. a multi-axis robot, by means of which the application device 10 can be moved relative to the component B.
  • a movement unit 30, e.g. B. a multi-axis robot by means of which the application device 10 can be moved relative to the component B.
  • the movement unit 30 serves in particular to move the application device 10 relative to the component B during a deflection and application process.
  • the application device 10, the deflection device 20 and the movement unit 30 are configured such that the application device 10 can be moved as required along a predefined path relative to the component B during an application and deflection process by the movement unit 30 and, alternatively or additionally, temporarily statically as required or can be kept stationary.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a by means of the deflection device 20 of the Figure 1 Deflection loading profile of a can be generated by the movement unit 30 of the Figure 1 Applicable web for the in Figure 1 shown application device 10 and an application resulting therefrom.
  • the application device 10 is moved linearly by the movement unit 30 over the component B.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while there is no deflection of the coating agent jet S1. This creates a straight stripe application.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is activated around the coating agent jet Deflect S1 sideways to the outside. This also creates a straight-line stripe application, but with an offset to the stripe application generated in the period t1.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is deactivated. This creates a straight-line stripe application again, but with an offset to the stripe application generated in the period t2.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a deflection device 20 according to another embodiment of the invention, which instead of that in FIG Figure 1 Deflection device 20 shown can be used.
  • the deflection device 20 shown is initially also designed to acoustically deflect the coating agent jet S1, but comprises four deflection units 21-24 and can therefore deflect the coating agent jet S1 not only one-dimensionally but two-dimensionally.
  • the deflection units 21-22 form a first pair and are arranged opposite one another.
  • the deflection units 23-24 form a second pair and are arranged opposite one another.
  • the first pair 21-22 and the second pair 23-24 are oriented at right angles to one another and act at least almost at right angles on the coating agent jet S1.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a by means of the deflection device 20 of the Figure 3 Generable deflection application course during a static, stationary positioning of the application device 10 and an application resulting therefrom.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B.
  • the deflection units 21-22 generate a sinusoidal deflection on the coating agent jet S1
  • the deflection units 23-24 generate a cosine-shaped deflection application on the coating agent jet S1.
  • the application device 10 is kept static and stationary during the entire period t0 to t4. That can e.g. B. can be realized in that the movement unit 30 holds the application device 10 stationary during the application and deflection process. Alternatively, this can be realized in that the application device 10 is mounted in a stationary manner in a painting booth.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a by means of the deflection device 20 of the Figure 3 Generatable deflection course, an applicator path for the application device 10 and an application resulting therefrom.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B during the entire period t0 to t4.
  • the deflection units 21-22 generate a sinusoidal deflection on the coating agent jet S1 during the entire period t0 to t4, while the deflection units 23-24 generate a cosine-shaped deflection application on the coating agent jet S1 during the entire period t0 to t4.
  • the application device 10 is not held statically during the application and deflection process, but is moved linearly over the component B by means of the movement unit 30.
  • the amplitude and the frequency of the deflection applied to the coating agent jet S1 generated by the deflection device 20 can be changed as required during an application and deflection process. It is thus possible to produce more complicated deflection impacts corresponding to the pattern, pictogram or company logo to be generated.
  • the generated patterns, pictograms and company logos and / or detail / design applications are particularly characterized by their edge sharpness, which have a maximum deviation from a predetermined edge profile that can no longer be perceived by the naked eye.
  • the exit velocity of the coating agent is dimensioned such that it does not rebound when it hits component B and could therefore lead to coating agent splashes.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic view of a deflection device 20 which, for. B. in an in Figure 11 Coating device 1 shown is applicable.
  • Figure 17 shows a schematic view of a deflection exposure course for the in Figure 16 shown deflection device 20, an applicator track for the associated application device 10 guided by the movement unit 30 and a resulting application.
  • the application device 10 is moved linearly by the movement unit 30 over the component B and at the same time the coating agent is applied to the component B.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while there is no deflection of the coating agent jet S1. This creates a straight stripe application.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is activated in order to deflect the coating agent jet S1 laterally outwards, namely by means of an amplitude variation such that a deflected part of the coating agent jet S1 with an undeflected part of the coating agent jet S1 runs on the component B to form a unit.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while none
  • the coating agent jet S1 is deflected. This creates a linear stripe application as in the period t0 to t1.
  • the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is activated in order to deflect the coating agent jet S1 sideways outwards, namely by means of an amplitude variation such that three separated on the component B, parallel to one another running stripe applications are generated.
  • Fig. 18 shows a schematic view of a coating device 1 according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the coating agent jet breaks up into droplets which are separated from one another in the jet direction. If the distance between the application device and the component is less than the decay length, the coherent jet of coating agent reaches the component.
  • the application device 10 shown is designed such that it outputs the coating agent in the form of a coherent coating agent jet S2 from the outlet opening 11, which strikes the component B before it reaches its decay length and thus in a coherent form.
  • the invention thus includes embodiments in which a coherent coating agent jet S2 strikes the component B.
  • the coating device 1 can be a handling unit, not shown, for. B. include a multi-axis robot for moving the component B relative to the application device 10.
  • the application device 10, the deflection device 20 and the handling unit can be configured such that the component B is at least temporarily moved by the handling unit along a predefined path relative to the application device 10 during an application and deflection process and, alternatively or in addition, the component B during a Application and deflection process is held at least temporarily statically or stationary by the handling unit.
  • the application device 10 and the handling unit can be configured such that the dispensing of the coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the handling unit is moving the component B relative to the application device 10, and then the dispensing of the coating agent is resumed at another component position.
  • the deflection device 20 can also comprise a deflection nozzle, preferably integrated in the application device 10, whose coating agent dispensing direction can be adjusted relative to the application device 10 in order to be able to deflect the coating agent jet S1, S2.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung zur insbesondere zerstäubungsfreien Applikation eines Beschichtungsmittels, z. B. eines Lacks, eines Dichtstoffs, eines Trennmittels, einer Funktionsschicht oder eines Klebstoffs, auf ein Bauteil, nämlich auf eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie und/oder ein Anbauteil hierfür.The invention relates to a coating device for in particular non-atomizing application of a coating agent, for. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive, on a component, namely on a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.

Zur Beschichtung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien werden üblicherweise sogenannte Rotationszerstäuber eingesetzt. Rotationszerstäuber sind vorteilhaft, weil sie ein breites Sprühbild erzeugen und somit die Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien schnell und gleichmäßig mit einer Lackschicht überziehen können. Allerdings sind Rotationszerstäuber zur Herstellung von Mustern oder zum Herstellen randscharfer Applikationen ungeeignet, weil sie das Beschichtungsmittel in Form einer diffusen Sprühwolke applizieren.So-called rotary atomizers are usually used to coat motor vehicle bodies. Rotary atomizers are advantageous because they produce a wide spray pattern and can therefore coat the motor vehicle bodies quickly and evenly with a layer of paint. However, rotary atomizers are unsuitable for the production of patterns or for the production of sharp-edged applications because they apply the coating agent in the form of a diffuse spray cloud.

Aus der DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 ist ein Applikationsgerät zur Beschichtung einer Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie bekannt, das nicht mittels Zerstäubung beschichtet, sondern zusammenhängende, mit einer Schwingung beaufschlagte Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen ausgibt, die aufgrund der Schwingungseinkopplung zwischen dem Applikationsgerät und der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie in Tropfen zerfallen. Dadurch ist zwar ein randschärferes Applizieren als mittels Rotationszerstäubern möglich, allerdings sind insbesondere Muster nicht oder zumindest nicht optimal erzielbar. Das ergibt sich vor allem daraus, dass zur Erzeugung eines Musters der das Applikationsgerät führende Roboter sehr genaue und aus Effektivitätsgründen zudem sehr schnelle Bewegungen ausführen müsste, was z. B. aufgrund vorhandener Toleranzen technisch nicht oder nur mit nachteilhaft hohem Aufwand erzielbar wäre. Zum allgemeinen Stand der Technik kann noch auf die DE 2452684 A1 , die DE 103 07 055 A1 , die US 6 224 180 B1 , die DE 10 2010 004496 A1 , die DE 37 82 710 T2 , die EP 1 277 581 A2 , die US 2009/231398 A1 , die DE 10 2009 004877 A1 und die DE 10 2004 044655 A1 verwiesen werden.From the DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 An application device for coating a motor vehicle body is known which does not coat by means of atomization, but instead outputs coherent coating agent jets which are subjected to a vibration and which, due to the coupling of vibrations between the application device and the motor vehicle body, disintegrate into drops. As a result, application is sharper on the edge than possible by means of rotary atomizers, but in particular patterns cannot be achieved, or at least not optimally. This results above all from the fact that in order to generate a pattern, the robot guiding the application device would have to perform very precise and, for reasons of effectiveness, very fast movements, B. due to existing tolerances technically not or could only be achieved with disadvantageously high effort. To the general state of the art can still on DE 2452684 A1 , the DE 103 07 055 A1 , the US 6 224 180 B1 , the DE 10 2010 004496 A1 , the DE 37 82 710 T2 , the EP 1 277 581 A2 , the US 2009/231398 A1 , the DE 10 2009 004877 A1 and the DE 10 2004 044655 A1 to get expelled.

US 4,991,772 beschreibt eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung zum Absprühen eines viskosen Dichtungsmittels beispielsweise auf Fahrzeuge, wobei der abgesprühte Dichtungsmittelstrom von ihn umgebenden gesteuerten Luftdüsen geformt und in beliebig wählbare Richtungen abgelenkt werden kann. US 4,991,772 describes a coating device for spraying a viscous sealant onto vehicles, for example, wherein the sprayed sealant stream can be shaped by the controlled air nozzles surrounding it and can be deflected in any direction.

Aus US 6,534,129 B1 ist es ferner bekannt, aus geerdeten Auslassöffnungen zugeführten Klebstoff mit elektrostatisch aufgeladenen Punktquellen auf ein Substrat zu lenken, wobei die Punktquellen in Querrichtung zur Erzeugung gewünschter Muster von mechanischen Stellgliedern bewegbar sind.Out US 6,534,129 B1 it is also known to direct adhesive supplied from grounded outlet openings with electrostatically charged point sources onto a substrate, the point sources being movable in the transverse direction to produce desired patterns of mechanical actuators.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung zu schaffen, die sich vor allem zur Muster-, Firmenlogo- oder Piktogrammapplikation auf eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie und/oder ein Anbauteil hierfür eignet.An object of the invention is to provide a coating device which is particularly suitable for pattern, company logo or pictogram application to a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.

Diese Aufgabe kann mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst werden. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen oder der nachfolgenden Beschreibung entnehmbar.This object can be achieved with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims or the description below.

Die Erfindung schafft eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung zur vorzugsweise zerstäubungsfreien Applikation eines Beschichtungsmittels, z. B. eines Lacks, eines Dichtstoffs, eines Trennmittels, einer Funktionsschicht oder eines Klebstoffs, auf ein Bauteil, nämlich eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie (z. B. eine oder mehrere Teilflächen der Karosserie) und/oder ein Anbauteil hierfür (z. B. Stoßfänger, Stoßleisten, Fensterscheiben, etc.). Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung umfasst ein Applikationsgerät, das zumindest eine Austrittsöffnung aufweist und zur Abgabe zumindest eines Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt ist.The invention provides a coating device for preferably non-atomizing application of a coating agent, for. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive, on a component, namely a motor vehicle body (z. B. one or more sub-areas of the body) and / or an attachment therefor (z. B. bumpers, bumper strips , Window panes, etc.). The coating device comprises an application device which has at least one outlet opening and is designed to discharge at least one coating agent jet.

Unter die Kategorie Funktionsschicht fallen Schichten, die eine Oberflächenfunktionalisierung zur Folge haben, wie zum Beispiel Haftvermittler, Primer oder auch Schichten zur Verringerung der Transmission.The functional layer category includes layers that result in surface functionalization, such as adhesion promoters, primers or layers to reduce transmission.

Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung zeichnet sich durch eine Ablenkeinrichtung aus, die zum Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt ist. Mittels der Ablenkeinrichtung kann der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl z. B. so abgelenkt werden, dass auf dem Bauteil eine Designapplikation, eine Detailapplikation, ein Muster, ein Firmenlogo und/oder ein Piktogramm erzeugt wird.The coating device is characterized by a deflection device which is designed to deflect the coating agent jet. By means of the deflector, the coating agent jet z. B. can be deflected so that a design application, a detailed application, a pattern, a company logo and / or a pictogram is generated on the component.

Die Ablenkeinrichtung ist insbesondere zum Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls nach z. B. seitlich außen ausgeführt, vorzugsweise so, dass der Auftreffpunkt des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls auf dem Bauteil vom fiktiven Auftreffpunkt der Mittelachse der Austrittsöffnung abweicht oder mit anderen Worten die Mittelachse des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls eine Richtungsänderung erfährt und z. B. von der Mittelachse der Austrittsöffnung abweicht.The deflection device is particularly for deflecting the coating agent jet after z. B. executed laterally outside, preferably so that the point of impact of the coating agent jet on the component deviates from the fictitious point of impact of the central axis of the outlet opening or with others Words the central axis of the coating agent jet experiences a change in direction and z. B. deviates from the central axis of the outlet opening.

Die Ablenkeinrichtung ist zum akustischen oder elektrostatischen Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt.The deflection device is designed to acoustically or electrostatically deflect the coating agent jet.

Vorzugsweise ist die Ablenkeinrichtung zur zumindest temporär kontinuierlichen Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann die Ablenkeinrichtung aber auch zur zumindest temporär stoßweisen, zyklischen oder periodischen Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt sein. Die Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl kann z. B. rechteckförmig, dreieckförmig, impulsförmig, sinusförmig und/oder cosinusförmig sein.The deflection device is preferably designed for at least temporarily continuously deflecting the coating agent jet. Alternatively or in addition, the deflection device can also be designed for at least temporarily intermittent, cyclical or periodic deflection of the coating agent jet. The deflection on the coating agent jet can, for. B. rectangular, triangular, pulse-shaped, sinusoidal and / or cosine.

Wie schon zuvor erwähnt, ist die Ablenkeinrichtung vorzugsweise zur Erzeugung einer Detailapplikation, einer Designapplikation, eines Musters, eines Piktogramms und/oder eines Firmenlogos auf dem Bauteil ausgeführt. Das Muster kann insbesondere zumindest eines von Folgenden umfassen: zumindest einen Streifen, vorzugsweise einen geradlinigen, gekrümmten und/oder zumindest einen Versatz aufweisenden Streifen, zumindest ein Rechteck, vorzugsweise ein Karomuster (z. B. ein Zielflaggenmuster), zumindest ein Polygon, zumindest eine Polygonfläche, zumindest einen Kreisring, zumindest eine Kreisfläche und/oder zumindest eine durch eine Bewegungsüberlagerung entstehende Swirl-Applikation, wobei die Bewegungsüberlagerung eine durch die Ablenkeinrichtung erzeugte Kreis- oder Bogenbewegung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls und eine linienförmige, insbesondere geradlinige Bewegung des Applikationsgeräts umfasst.As already mentioned above, the deflection device is preferably designed to generate a detailed application, a design application, a pattern, a pictogram and / or a company logo on the component. The pattern can in particular comprise at least one of the following: at least one stripe, preferably a straight, curved and / or at least one stripe, at least one rectangle, preferably a checkered pattern (e.g. a checkered flag pattern), at least one polygon, at least one Polygon surface, at least one circular ring, at least one circular surface and / or at least one swirl application created by a movement overlay, the movement overlay comprising a circular or arc movement of the coating agent jet generated by the deflection device and a linear, in particular rectilinear movement of the application device.

Die Detailapplikation, die Designapplikation, das Muster, das Piktogramm und/oder das Firmenlogo ist zweckmäßig randscharf mit einer maximalen Abweichung von einem vorgegebenen Randverlauf von z. B. höchstens 3mm, 1mm, 0,5mm, 0,2mm oder höchstens 0,1mm, wobei vorzugsweise außerhalb der Detailapplikation, der Designapplikation, des Musters, des Piktogramms und/oder des Firmenlogos keine Beschichtungsmittelspritzer vorhanden sind.The detailed application, the design application, the pattern, the pictogram and / or the company logo is expediently sharp with a maximum deviation from a specified edge profile of z. B. at most 3mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.2mm or at most 0.1mm, preferably no coating agent splashes are present outside the detail application, the design application, the pattern, the pictogram and / or the company logo.

Die Ablenkeinrichtung ist so ausgeführt, dass sie auf den zusammenhängenden Beschichtungsmittelstrahl einwirkt.The deflection device is designed such that it acts on the coherent coating agent jet.

Die Ablenkeinrichtung kann zum zumindest eindimensionalen Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt sein und z. B. zumindest eine Ablenkungseinheit aufweisen, vorteilhafterweise aber zwei Ablenkungseinheiten aufweisen. Die zwei Ablenkungseinheiten sind zweckmäßig einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet.The deflection device can be designed to deflect the coating agent jet at least one-dimensionally and, for. B. have at least one deflection unit, but advantageously have two deflection units. The two deflection units are expediently arranged opposite one another.

Mit Ausnahme der elektrostatischen Ablenkung reicht eine Ablenkungseinheit aus, um den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auf eine Seite in Bezug zur Mittelachse (Strahlachse) abzulenken. Werden zwei Ablenkungseinheiten eingesetzt, ist das Applikationsgerät flexibler einsetzbar.With the exception of electrostatic deflection, a deflection unit is sufficient to deflect the coating agent jet to one side with respect to the central axis (jet axis). If two deflection units are used, the application device can be used more flexibly.

Es ist aber auch möglich, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung zum zweidimensionalen Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt ist und vorzugsweise zumindest vier Ablenkungseinheiten aufweist, z. B. zwei erste einander gegenüberliegende Ablenkungseinheiten und zwei zweite einander gegenüberliegende Ablenkungseinheiten, deren Wirkrichtungen sich vorzugsweise rechtwinklig kreuzen.However, it is also possible that the deflection device is designed for two-dimensional deflection of the coating agent jet and preferably has at least four deflection units, for. B. two first opposing deflection units and two second opposing deflection units, the effective directions of which preferably cross at right angles.

Die Anzahl der Ablenkungseinheiten ist aber nicht auf eine paarweise Anordnung begrenzt. Es kann auch eine ungerade Anzahl Ablenkungseinheiten zum Beispiel 3 oder 5 Stück eingesetzt werden.However, the number of deflection units is not limited to being arranged in pairs. An odd number of deflection units, for example 3 or 5, can also be used.

Mit Ausnahme der elektrostatischen Ablenkung müssen die Ablenkeinheiten nicht zwangsweise gegenüber liegen, sie können zum Beispiel auch untereinander angeordnet sein.With the exception of the electrostatic deflection, the deflection units do not necessarily have to lie opposite one another, for example they can also be arranged one below the other.

Es ist möglich, dass die Amplitude(n) und/oder die Frequenz(en) der mittels der Ablenkeinrichtung erzeugten Ablenkbeaufschlagung(en) auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl vorzugsweise sogar während eines Applikations- und/oder Ablenkvorgangs verändert werden kann (können). Hiermit sind z. B. Ausführungsformen umfasst, bei denen eine auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl wirkende Ablenkbeaufschlagung, die sich z. B. wie eine harmonische Schwingung verhält, durch zumindest eine zusätzliche, z. B. höher- oder niederfrequente Schwingung überlagert wird. Dadurch kann z. B. eine Phasenverschiebung der überlagerten Schwingung zur Grundschwingung erzielt werden.It is possible that the amplitude (s) and / or the frequency (s) of the deflection device (s) generated by the deflection device on the coating agent jet can preferably be changed even during an application and / or deflection process. Hereby z. B. Includes embodiments in which a deflection acting on the coating agent jet, which z. B. behaves like a harmonic vibration, by at least one additional, e.g. B. higher or lower frequency vibration is superimposed. This can, for. B. a phase shift of the superimposed vibration to the fundamental vibration can be achieved.

Das Applikationsgerät kann mehrere Austrittsöffnungen umfassen, wobei der Abstand zwischen den unmittelbar benachbarten Austrittsöffnungen vorzugsweise so bemessen ist, dass die benachbarten Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen zwischen dem Applikationsgerät und dem Bauteil nicht zusammentreffen, sich allerdings die Beschichtungsmittel der benachbarten Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen auf dem Bauteil vereinen, z. B. miteinander verfließen.The application device can comprise a plurality of exit openings, the distance between the immediately adjacent exit openings preferably being dimensioned such that the adjacent coating agent jets do not meet between the application device and the component, but the coating agents of the adjacent coating agent jets unite on the component, e.g. B. flow together.

Ebenso kann das Applikationsgerät mehrere Austrittsöffnungen mit einem bestimmten Düseninnendurchmesser und einem bestimmten Düsenabstand umfassen, wobei der Düsenabstand mindestens gleich dem Dreifachen, Vierfachen oder Sechsfachen des Düseninnendurchmessers ist.Likewise, the application device can have a plurality of outlet openings with a specific nozzle inner diameter and a specific one Include nozzle spacing, the nozzle spacing being at least three times, four times or six times the inner diameter of the nozzle.

Es ist möglich, dass die Beschichtungsvorrichtung eine Bewegungseinheit aufweist, die vorzugsweise während eines Applikations- und/oder Ablenkvorgangs zum Bewegen des Applikationsgeräts relativ zu dem Bauteil ausgeführt ist. Die Bewegungseinheit kann z. B. ein Mehrachsroboter sein.It is possible for the coating device to have a movement unit, which is preferably designed during an application and / or deflection process for moving the application device relative to the component. The movement unit can e.g. B. be a multi-axis robot.

Der Mehrachsroboter hat vorzugsweise zumindest drei programmierbare Achsen.The multi-axis robot preferably has at least three programmable axes.

Vorzugsweise sind die Bewegungseinheit, das Applikationsgerät und die Ablenkeinrichtung so konfiguriert, dass das Applikationsgerät während eines Applikations- und/oder Ablenkvorgangs zumindest temporär durch die Bewegungseinheit entlang einer vordefinierten Bahn relativ zu dem Bauteil bewegt wird. Alternativ oder ergänzend können das Applikationsgerät, die Ablenkeinrichtung und die Bewegungseinheit so konfiguriert sein, dass das Applikationsgerät während eines Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs zumindest temporär durch die Bewegungseinheit statisch oder ortsfest gehalten wird und z. B. das Bauteil relativ zum Applikationsgerät bewegt wird. Letztgenannte Ausführungsform eignet sich insbesondere für das Kleben von Fensterscheiben in Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien.The movement unit, the application device and the deflection device are preferably configured in such a way that the application device is moved at least temporarily by the movement unit along a predefined path relative to the component during an application and / or deflection process. As an alternative or in addition, the application device, the deflection device and the movement unit can be configured such that the application device is at least temporarily held statically or stationary by the movement unit during an application and deflection process and z. B. the component is moved relative to the application device. The latter embodiment is particularly suitable for gluing window panes in motor vehicle bodies.

Ebenso ist es möglich, dass das Applikationsgerät per se ortsfest montiert ist, z. B. in einer Lackierkabine und das Bauteil relativ zum Applikationsgerät bewegt wird.It is also possible for the application device to be mounted in a stationary manner per se, e.g. B. in a paint booth and the component is moved relative to the application device.

Es ist möglich, dass das Applikationsgerät und die Bewegungseinheit so konfiguriert sind, dass die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels temporär unterbrochen wird, während die Bewegungseinheit das Applikationsgerät relativ zu dem Bauteil bewegt, und anschließend die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels auf einer anderen Bauteilposition wieder aufgenommen wird.It is possible that the application device and the movement unit are configured so that the dispensing of the coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the movement unit moves the application device relative to the component, and then the dispensing of the coating agent is resumed at another component position.

Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung kann außerdem eine Handhabungseinheit zum Handhaben des Bauteils relativ zu dem Applikationsgerät aufweisen.The coating device can also have a handling unit for handling the component relative to the application device.

Es ist möglich, dass das Applikationsgerät, die Ablenkeinrichtung und die Handhabungseinheit so konfiguriert sind, dass das Bauteil während eines Applikations- und/oder Ablenkvorgangs zumindest temporär durch die Handhabungseinheit entlang einer vordefinierten Bahn relativ zu dem Applikationsgerät bewegt wird. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann das Applikationsgerät, die Ablenkeinrichtung und die Handhabungseinheit so konfiguriert sein, dass das Bauteil während eines Applikations- und/oder Ablenkvorgangs zumindest temporär durch die Handhabungseinheit statisch oder ortsfest gehalten wird. Letztgenannte Ausführungsform eignet sich insbesondere für das Kleben von Fensterscheiben in Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien.It is possible for the application device, the deflection device and the handling unit to be configured such that the component is at least temporarily moved by the handling unit along a predefined path relative to the application device during an application and / or deflection process. As an alternative or in addition, the application device, the deflection device and the handling unit can be configured such that the component is held at least temporarily statically or stationary by the handling unit during an application and / or deflection process. The latter embodiment is particularly suitable for gluing window panes in motor vehicle bodies.

Das Applikationsgerät und die Handhabungseinheit können z. B. so konfiguriert sein, dass die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels temporär unterbrochen wird, während die Handhabungseinheit das Bauteil relativ zu dem Applikationsgerät bewegt, und anschließend die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels auf einer anderen Bauteilposition wieder aufgenommen wird.The application device and the handling unit can, for. B. be configured so that the dispensing of the coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the handling unit moves the component relative to the application device, and then the dispensing of the coating agent is resumed in another component position.

Es ist möglich, dass das Applikationsgerät so konfiguriert ist, dass die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels mit einer Umschaltdauer von weniger als 70ms, 50ms, 25ms, 10ms, 5ms oder 1ms eingeschaltet oder ausgeschaltet werden kann.It is possible that the application device is configured in such a way that the dispensing of the coating agent can be switched on or off with a switching time of less than 70 ms, 50 ms, 25 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms or 1 ms.

Das Applikationsgerät ist zur Abgabe zumindest eines zusammenhängenden Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgeführt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann der zusammenhängende Beschichtungsmittelstrahl aber relativ kurz sein, z. B. mit einer Länge ab Austrittsöffnung von kleiner 5mm, kleiner 4mm, kleiner 3mm, kleiner 2mm oder sogar kleiner 1mm.The application device is designed to deliver at least one coherent coating agent jet. Within the scope of the invention, however, the coherent coating agent jet can be relatively short, e.g. B. with a length from the outlet opening of less than 5mm, less than 4mm, less than 3mm, less than 2mm or even less than 1mm.

Die Ablenkeinrichtung kann z. B. zumindest zwei Ablenkeinheiten umfassen, deren Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl so eine Amplitudenvariation aufweist, dass ein abgelenkter Teil des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls mit einem unabgelenkten Teil des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls auf dem Bauteil zu einer Einheit verläuft. Alternativ kann ein abgelenkter Teil des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls auf dem Bauteil eine erste Beschichtung erzeugen und ein unabgelenkter Teil des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls auf dem Bauteil eine zweite Beschichtung erzeugen, wobei die erste Beschichtung und die zweite Beschichtung voneinander separiert sind und somit Einzelbeschichtungen darstellen.The deflector can, for. B. comprise at least two deflection units, the deflection of which acts on the coating agent jet in such a way that an deflected part of the coating agent jet runs with an undeflected part of the coating agent jet on the component to form a unit. Alternatively, a deflected part of the coating agent jet on the component can produce a first coating and an undeflected part of the coating agent jet on the component can produce a second coating, the first coating and the second coating being separated from one another and thus representing individual coatings.

Es ist möglich, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung zwei erste gegenüberliegende Ablenkeinheiten und zwei zweite gegenüberliegende Ablenkeinheiten umfasst, wobei die zwei ersten Ablenkeinheiten und die zwei zweiten Ablenkeinheiten quer, vorzugsweise senkrecht zueinander ausgerichtet sind.It is possible for the deflection device to comprise two first opposite deflection units and two second opposite deflection units, the two first deflection units and the two second deflection units being oriented transversely, preferably perpendicularly to one another.

Die ersten Ablenkeinheiten können z. B. zum Erzeugen einer sinusförmigen Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl ausgeführt sein und die zweiten Ablenkeinheiten können zur Erzeugung einer cosinusförmigen Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl ausgeführt sein.The first deflection units can e.g. B. to generate a sinusoidal deflection on the coating agent jet and the second deflection units can be designed to generate a cosine deflection on the coating agent jet.

Das Applikationsgerät kann z. B. so ausgeführt sein, dass die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmittels höchstens 30m/s, 20m/s oder 10 m/s beträgt, wodurch z. B. verhindert werden kann, dass das Beschichtungsmittel von dem Bauteil abprallt und somit zu Beschichtungsmittelspritzern führt.The application device can e.g. B. be carried out so that the exit speed of the coating agent is at most 30m / s, 20m / s or 10 m / s, whereby z. B. can be prevented that the coating agent bounces off the component and thus leads to coating agent splashes.

Es ist möglich, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet ist.It is possible for the deflection device to be arranged downstream of the outlet opening.

Es ist allerdings auch möglich, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung stromaufwärts der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet ist, z. B. innerhalb des Applikationsgeräts und/oder eine Taumelscheiben-, Kurvenscheiben- oder Nockenkonstruktion umfasst.However, it is also possible that the deflection device is arranged upstream of the outlet opening, for. B. within the application device and / or a swash plate, cam or cam construction.

Zu erwähnen ist noch, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung vorzugsweise so ausgeführt ist, dass sie zumindest nahezu rechtwinklig auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl einwirken kann.It should also be mentioned that the deflection device is preferably designed such that it can act on the coating agent jet at least almost at right angles.

Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung ist hauptsächlich nicht zur Erzeugung einer vollflächigen, eine gesamte Seite des Bauteils überziehenden Schicht ausgeführt, wie das z. B. für Rotationszerstäuber üblich ist.The coating device is mainly not for producing a full-surface, an entire side of the component coating layer executed, such as the z. B. is common for rotary atomizers.

Hervorzuheben ist, dass die Beschichtungsvorrichtung vorzugsweise zur Erzeugung randscharfer Beschichtungen ausgeführt ist.It should be emphasized that the coating device is preferably designed to produce edge-sharp coatings.

Die Beschichtungen können insbesondere Designapplikationen, Detailapplikationen, Logos, Muster, Piktogramme, Streifen, Ringe, Buchstaben und/oder Schriftzüge sein.The coatings can in particular be design applications, detailed applications, logos, patterns, pictograms, stripes, rings, letters and / or lettering.

Hervorzuheben ist ferner, dass die Beschichtungsvorrichtung, insbesondere das Applikationsgerät, das Beschichtungsmittel vorzugsweise auf eine Lackschicht eines bereits zumindest teilweise lackierten Bauteils appliziert.It should also be emphasized that the coating device, in particular the application device, preferably applies the coating agent to a paint layer of a component that has already been at least partially coated.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung beschränkt, sondern umfasst auch ein Beschichtungsverfahren zur Applikation eines Beschichtungsmittels, z. B. eines Lacks, eines Dichtstoffs, eines Trennmittels, einer Funktionsschicht oder eines Klebstoffs, auf eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie und/oder ein Anbauteil hierfür. Das Beschichtungsverfahren wird vorzugsweise mit einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung wie hierin beschrieben ausgeführt. Das Beschichtungsverfahren umfasst den Schritt des Ausgebens zumindest eines Beschichtungsmittelstrahls aus zumindest einer Austrittsöffnung eines Applikationsgeräts und zeichnet sich vor allem dadurch aus, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl mittels einer Ablenkeinrichtung abgelenkt wird. Weitere Merkmale des erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungsverfahrens ergeben sich aus der Funktions- und Strukturbeschreibung der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungsvorrichtung.The invention is not limited to a coating device, but also includes a coating method for applying a coating agent, e.g. B. a paint, a sealant, a release agent, a functional layer or an adhesive, on a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor. The coating process is preferably carried out with a coating device as described herein. The coating method comprises the step of dispensing at least one coating agent jet from at least one outlet opening of an application device and is characterized above all by the fact that the coating agent jet is deflected by means of a deflection device. Further features of the coating method according to the invention result from the functional and structural description of the coating device according to the invention.

Die oben beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind beliebig miteinander kombinierbar. Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen offenbart oder ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung in Verbindung mit den beigefügten Figuren.

Fig. 1
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Beschichtungsvorrichtung der Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Ablenkeinrichtung gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 4
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorposition und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 3,
Fig. 6
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 7
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Beschichtungsvorrichtung der Fig. 6,
Fig. 8
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ablenkeinrichtung,
Fig. 9
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorposition und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 8,
Fig. 10
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 8,
Fig. 11
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 12
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Beschichtungsvorrichtung der Fig. 11,
Fig. 13
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Ablenkeinrichtung gemäß einer wiederum anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 14
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorposition und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 13,
Fig. 15
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 13,
Fig. 16
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Ablenkeinrichtung gemäß einer wiederum anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 17
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn und einer resultierenden Applikation in Bezug auf die Ablenkeinrichtung der Fig. 16,
Fig. 18
zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
The preferred embodiments of the invention described above can be combined with one another as desired. Other advantageous developments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims or result from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the attached figures.
Fig. 1
shows a schematic view of a coating device according to an embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 2
shows a schematic view of a deflection application course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the coating device of FIG Fig. 1 ,
Fig. 3
shows a schematic view of a deflection device according to an embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 4
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator position and a resulting application with respect to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 3 ,
Fig. 5
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 3 ,
Fig. 6
shows a schematic view of a coating device not according to the invention,
Fig. 7
shows a schematic view of a deflection application course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the coating device of FIG Fig. 6 ,
Fig. 8
shows a schematic view of a deflection device not according to the invention,
Fig. 9
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator position and a resulting application with respect to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 8 ,
Fig. 10
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 8 ,
Fig. 11
shows a schematic view of a coating device according to another embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 12
shows a schematic view of a deflection application course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the coating device of FIG Fig. 11 ,
Fig. 13
shows a schematic view of a deflection device according to yet another embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 14
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator position and a resulting application with respect to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 13 ,
Fig. 15
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 13 ,
Fig. 16
shows a schematic view of a deflection device according to yet another embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 17
shows a schematic view of a deflection loading course, an applicator track and a resulting application in relation to the deflection device of FIG Fig. 16 ,
Fig. 18
shows a schematic view of a coating device according to another embodiment of the invention.

Die unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung stimmen teilweise überein, wobei ähnliche oder identische Teile mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind, und zu deren Erläuterung auch auf die Beschreibung anderer Ausführungsformen oder Figuren verwiesen wird, um Wiederholungen zu vermeiden.The embodiments of the invention described with reference to the figures partially match, similar or identical parts being provided with the same reference numerals, and for the explanation of which reference is also made to the description of other embodiments or figures in order to avoid repetitions.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 zur Applikation eines Beschichtungsmittels, insbesondere eines Lacks, auf ein Bauteil B, insbesondere eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie und/oder ein Anbauteil hierfür. Figure 1 shows a coating device 1 for applying a coating agent, in particular a lacquer, to a Component B, in particular a motor vehicle body and / or an attachment therefor.

Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 umfasst ein Applikationsgerät 10, das zumindest eine Austrittsöffnung 11 aufweist und zur Abgabe zumindest eines Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 ausgeführt ist, der erfindungsgemäß allerdings entgegen der Darstellung nicht aus beabstandeten Tröpfchen besteht.The coating device 1 comprises an application device 10 which has at least one outlet opening 11 and is designed to dispense at least one coating agent jet S1, which, contrary to the illustration, does not consist of spaced droplets, however.

Das Applikationsgerät 10 ist vielmehr so konfiguriert, dass es das Beschichtungsmittel in Form eines zusammenhängenden, kontinuierlichen Beschichtungsmittelstrahls ausgibt.Rather, the application device 10 is configured such that it outputs the coating agent in the form of a coherent, continuous coating agent jet.

Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 umfasst ferner eine Ablenkeinrichtung 20 zum akustischen, eindimensionalen Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1. Die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 ist stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung 11 angeordnet und so ausgeführt, dass sie zumindest nahezu rechtwinklig auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 einwirkt. Zu diesem Zweck umfasst die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 mindestens eine, vorzugsweise zwei einander gegenüberliegende Ablenkeinheiten 21-22.The coating device 1 further comprises a deflection device 20 for the acoustic, one-dimensional deflection of the coating agent jet S1. The deflection device 20 is arranged downstream of the outlet opening 11 and is designed such that it acts at least almost at right angles on the coating agent jet S1. For this purpose, the deflection device 20 comprises at least one, preferably two opposite deflection units 21-22.

Die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 lenkt den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 nach seitlich außen ab. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, dass der Auftreffpunkt des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 auf dem Bauteil B vom fiktiven Auftreffpunkt der Mittelachse M der Austrittsöffnung 11 abweicht oder mit anderen Worten die Mittelachse des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 eine Richtungsänderung erfährt und somit von der Mittelachse M der Austrittsöffnung 11 abweicht, was durch den Versatz L in Figur 1 gezeigt ist.The deflection device 20 deflects the coating agent jet S1 laterally outwards. This makes it possible for the point of impact of the coating agent jet S1 on the component B to deviate from the fictitious point of impact of the central axis M of the outlet opening 11 or, in other words, for the center axis of the coating agent jet S1 to change direction and thus to deviate from the central axis M of the outlet opening 11, which is due to the Offset L in Figure 1 is shown.

Die Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 umfasst außerdem eine Bewegungseinheit 30, z. B. einen Mehrachsroboter, mittels der das Applikationsgerät 10 relativ zu dem Bauteil B bewegt werden kann.The coating device 1 also comprises a movement unit 30, e.g. B. a multi-axis robot, by means of which the application device 10 can be moved relative to the component B.

Die Bewegungseinheit 30 dient insbesondere dazu, während eines Ablenk- und Applikationsvorgangs das Applikationsgerät 10 relativ zu dem Bauteil B zu bewegen. So sind das Applikationsgerät 10, die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 und die Bewegungseinheit 30 so konfiguriert, dass das Applikationsgerät 10 während eines Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs durch die Bewegungseinheit 30 bedarfsgemäß entlang einer vordefinierten Bahn relativ zu dem Bauteil B bewegt werden kann und alternativ oder ergänzend bedarfsgemäß temporär statisch oder ortsfest gehalten werden kann.The movement unit 30 serves in particular to move the application device 10 relative to the component B during a deflection and application process. The application device 10, the deflection device 20 and the movement unit 30 are configured such that the application device 10 can be moved as required along a predefined path relative to the component B during an application and deflection process by the movement unit 30 and, alternatively or additionally, temporarily statically as required or can be kept stationary.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines mittels der Ablenkeinrichtung 20 der Figur 1 erzeugbaren Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs einer durch die Bewegungseinheit 30 der Figur 1 erzeugbaren Applikatorbahn für das in Figur 1 gezeigte Applikationsgerät 10 und einer daraus resultierenden Applikation. Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a by means of the deflection device 20 of the Figure 1 Deflection loading profile of a can be generated by the movement unit 30 of the Figure 1 Applicable web for the in Figure 1 shown application device 10 and an application resulting therefrom.

Im Zeitraum t1 bis t3 wird das Applikationsgerät 10 durch die Bewegungseinheit 30 linear über das Bauteil B bewegt.In the period t1 to t3, the application device 10 is moved linearly by the movement unit 30 over the component B.

Im Zeitraum t1 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während keine Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 erfolgt. Dadurch wird eine geradlinige Streifenapplikation erzeugt.In the period t1, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while there is no deflection of the coating agent jet S1. This creates a straight stripe application.

Im Zeitraum t2 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 aktiviert wird, um den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 nach seitlich außen abzulenken. Dadurch entsteht ebenfalls eine geradlinige Streifenapplikation, allerdings mit Versatz zur im Zeitraum t1 erzeugten Streifenapplikation.In the period t2, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is activated around the coating agent jet Deflect S1 sideways to the outside. This also creates a straight-line stripe application, but with an offset to the stripe application generated in the period t1.

Im Zeitraum t3 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 deaktiviert wird. Dadurch entsteht erneut eine geradlinige Streifenapplikation, allerdings mit Versatz zur im Zeitraum t2 erzeugten Streifenapplikation.In the period t3, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is deactivated. This creates a straight-line stripe application again, but with an offset to the stripe application generated in the period t2.

Mittels der in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform kann z. B. ein durchgehender Zierstreifen mit zumindest einem Versatz erzeugt werden.By means of the Figures 1 and 2nd embodiment shown may, for. B. a continuous trim with at least one offset.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Ablenkeinrichtung 20 gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung, die anstatt der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ablenkeinrichtung 20 verwendet werden kann. Fig. 3 FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a deflection device 20 according to another embodiment of the invention, which instead of that in FIG Figure 1 Deflection device 20 shown can be used.

Die in Figur 3 gezeigte Ablenkeinrichtung 20 ist zunächst ebenso zur akustischen Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 ausgeführt, umfasst allerdings vier Ablenkeinheiten 21-24 und kann somit den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 nicht nur eindimensional, sondern zweidimensional ablenken.In the Figure 3 The deflection device 20 shown is initially also designed to acoustically deflect the coating agent jet S1, but comprises four deflection units 21-24 and can therefore deflect the coating agent jet S1 not only one-dimensionally but two-dimensionally.

Die Ablenkeinheiten 21-22 bilden ein erstes Paar und sind einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Die Ablenkeinheiten 23-24 bilden ein zweites Paar und sind einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Das erste Paar 21-22 und das zweite Paar 23-24 sind rechtwinklig zueinander ausgerichtet und wirken zumindest nahezu rechtwinklig auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 ein.The deflection units 21-22 form a first pair and are arranged opposite one another. The deflection units 23-24 form a second pair and are arranged opposite one another. The first pair 21-22 and the second pair 23-24 are oriented at right angles to one another and act at least almost at right angles on the coating agent jet S1.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines mittels der Ablenkeinrichtung 20 der Figur 3 erzeugbaren Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs während einer statischen, ortsfesten Positionierung des Applikationsgeräts 10 und einer daraus resultierenden Applikation. Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a by means of the deflection device 20 of the Figure 3 Generable deflection application course during a static, stationary positioning of the application device 10 and an application resulting therefrom.

Während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B.During the entire period t0 to t4, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B.

Während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 erzeugen die Ablenkeinheiten 21-22 eine sinusförmige Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1, während die Ablenkeinheiten 23-24 eine cosinusförmige Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 erzeugen.During the entire period t0 to t4, the deflection units 21-22 generate a sinusoidal deflection on the coating agent jet S1, while the deflection units 23-24 generate a cosine-shaped deflection application on the coating agent jet S1.

Ebenso wird während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 das Applikationsgerät 10 statisch, ortsfest gehalten. Das kann z. B. dadurch realisiert werden, dass die Bewegungseinheit 30 das Applikationsgerät 10 während des Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs ortsfest hält. Alternativ kann das dadurch realisiert werden, dass das Applikationsgerät 10 in einer Lackierkabine ortsfest montiert ist.Likewise, the application device 10 is kept static and stationary during the entire period t0 to t4. That can e.g. B. can be realized in that the movement unit 30 holds the application device 10 stationary during the application and deflection process. Alternatively, this can be realized in that the application device 10 is mounted in a stationary manner in a painting booth.

Mittels der in den Figuren 3 und 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform kann z. B. ein durchgehender Zierring erzeugt werden.By means of the Figures 3 and 4 embodiment shown may, for. B. a continuous decorative ring.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines mittels der Ablenkeinrichtung 20 der Figur 3 erzeugbaren Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs, einer Applikatorbahn für das Applikationsgerät 10 und einer daraus resultierenden Applikation. Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a by means of the deflection device 20 of the Figure 3 Generatable deflection course, an applicator path for the application device 10 and an application resulting therefrom.

Zunächst identisch zur Figur 4 appliziert während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B.First identical to Figure 4 the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B during the entire period t0 to t4.

Ebenso zunächst identisch zur Figur 4 erzeugen die Ablenkeinheiten 21-22 während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 eine sinusförmige Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1, während die Ablenkeinheiten 23-24 während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 eine cosinusförmige Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 erzeugen.Also initially identical to Figure 4 the deflection units 21-22 generate a sinusoidal deflection on the coating agent jet S1 during the entire period t0 to t4, while the deflection units 23-24 generate a cosine-shaped deflection application on the coating agent jet S1 during the entire period t0 to t4.

Allerdings wird in der in Figur 5 gezeigten Ausführungsform das Applikationsgerät 10 während des Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs nicht statisch gehalten, sondern mittels der Bewegungseinheit 30 linear über das Bauteil B bewegt.However, in the Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the application device 10 is not held statically during the application and deflection process, but is moved linearly over the component B by means of the movement unit 30.

Dadurch kommt es zu einer Bewegungsüberlagerung der durch die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 erzeugten Kreisbewegung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 (vgl. Figur 4 unten) und der linearen, mittels der Bewegungseinheit 30 erzeugten Bewegung des Applikationsgeräts 10. Die Bewegungsüberlagerung erzeugt eine in Figur 5 unten dargestellte Swirl-Applikation.This results in a movement superimposition of the circular movement of the coating agent jet S1 generated by the deflection device 20 (cf. Figure 4 below) and the linear movement of the application device 10 generated by means of the movement unit 30. The movement overlay generates an in Figure 5 Swirl application shown below.

Mit den zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung wurden relativ einfache geometrische Muster erzeugt. Natürlich können auch andere kompliziertere Muster und zweckmäßig Design- oder Detailapplikationen erzeugt werden, z. B. ein Zielflaggenmuster oder ein mehrere Zierlinien umfassendes Linienmuster, oder sogar Firmenlogos oder Piktogramme. So kann z. B. zwischen einzelnen Applikations- und Ablenkvorgängen das Applikationsgerät 10 ausgeschaltet und die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels unterbrochen werden, das Applikationsgerät 10 mittels der Bewegungseinheit 30 an die nächste Beschichtungsposition über dem Bauteil B positioniert werden und dann erneut ein Applikations- und Ablenkvorgang durchgeführt werden. Die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels kann mit einer Umschaltdauer von weniger als 50 ms, 20 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms oder 1 ms eingeschaltet oder ausgeschaltet werden. Außerdem kann bedarfsgemäß die Amplitude und die Frequenz der mittels der Ablenkeinrichtung 20 erzeugten Ablenkbeaufschlagung auf den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 während eines Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs verändert werden. Somit sind kompliziertere, dem zu erzeugenden Muster, Piktogramm oder Firmenlogo entsprechende Ablenkbeaufschlagungen erzeugbar.With the previously described embodiments of the invention, relatively simple geometric patterns were generated. Of course, other more complicated patterns and appropriate design or detail applications can also be created, e.g. B. a checkered flag pattern or a line pattern comprising several decorative lines, or even company logos or pictograms. So z. B. between individual application and deflection processes, the application device 10 is switched off and the dispensing of the coating agent is interrupted, the application device 10 by means of the movement unit 30 to the next coating position be positioned over component B and then an application and deflection process are carried out again. The dispensing of the coating agent can be switched on or off with a switching time of less than 50 ms, 20 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms or 1 ms. In addition, the amplitude and the frequency of the deflection applied to the coating agent jet S1 generated by the deflection device 20 can be changed as required during an application and deflection process. It is thus possible to produce more complicated deflection impacts corresponding to the pattern, pictogram or company logo to be generated.

Die erzeugten Muster, Piktogramme und Firmenlogos und/oder Detail-/Designapplikationen zeichnen sich insbesondere durch ihre Randschärfe aus, die eine maximale Abweichung von einem vorgegebenen Randverlauf aufweisen, die mit dem bloßen Auge nicht mehr wahrgenommen werden kann. Ebenso ist die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmittels so bemessen, dass es beim Auftreffen auf dem Bauteil B nicht zurückprallt und somit zu Beschichtungsmittelspritzern führen könnte.The generated patterns, pictograms and company logos and / or detail / design applications are particularly characterized by their edge sharpness, which have a maximum deviation from a predetermined edge profile that can no longer be perceived by the naked eye. Likewise, the exit velocity of the coating agent is dimensioned such that it does not rebound when it hits component B and could therefore lead to coating agent splashes.

Die unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 6 bis 10 beschriebenen Ausführungsformen entsprechen nicht der Erfindung, da die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 zum pneumatischen Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 ausgeführt ist, z. B. mittels eines Luft- oder Gasstroms, und da das Applikationsgerät 10 zur Abgabe einzelner Tropfen ausgeführt ist, die einen Beschichtungsmittel-Tropfenstrahl S1 erzeugen.The referring to the Figures 6 to 10 The described embodiments do not correspond to the invention, since the deflection device 20 is designed for the pneumatic deflection of the coating agent jet S1, e.g. B. by means of an air or gas stream, and since the application device 10 is designed to dispense individual drops that generate a coating agent droplet jet S1.

Die unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 11 bis 15 beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung entsprechen größtenteils den unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 bis 10 beschriebenen Ausführungsformen. Eine Besonderheit ist allerdings, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 zum elektrostatischen Ablenken des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 ausgeführt ist.The referring to the Figures 11 to 15 Embodiments of the invention described largely correspond to those described with reference to FIG Figures 1 to 10 described embodiments. A special feature, however, is that the Deflection device 20 is designed to electrostatically deflect the coating agent jet S1.

Fig. 16 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Ablenkeinrichtung 20, die z. B. in einer in Figur 11 gezeigten Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 anwendbar ist. Figur 17 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ablenkbeaufschlagungsverlaufs für die in Figur 16 gezeigte Ablenkeinrichtung 20, eine Applikatorbahn für das zugeordnete, von der Bewegungseinheit 30 geführte Applikationsgerät 10 und eine resultierende Applikation. Fig. 16 shows a schematic view of a deflection device 20 which, for. B. in an in Figure 11 Coating device 1 shown is applicable. Figure 17 shows a schematic view of a deflection exposure course for the in Figure 16 shown deflection device 20, an applicator track for the associated application device 10 guided by the movement unit 30 and a resulting application.

Während des gesamten Zeitraums t0 bis t4 wird das Applikationsgerät 10 durch die Bewegungseinheit 30 linear über das Bauteil B bewegt und zugleich das Beschichtungsmittel auf das Bauteil B appliziert.During the entire period t0 to t4, the application device 10 is moved linearly by the movement unit 30 over the component B and at the same time the coating agent is applied to the component B.

Im Zeitraum t0 bis t1 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während keine Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 erfolgt. Dadurch wird eine geradlinige Streifenapplikation erzeugt.In the period t0 to t1, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while there is no deflection of the coating agent jet S1. This creates a straight stripe application.

Im Zeitraum t1 bis t2 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 aktiviert wird, um den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 nach seitlich außen abzulenken und zwar mittels so einer Amplitudenvariation, dass ein abgelenkter Teil des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 mit einem unabgelenkten Teil des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 auf dem Bauteil B zu einer Einheit verläuft. Dadurch wird eine Streifenapplikation erzeugt, die breiter ist als im Zeitraum t0 bis t1.In the period t1 to t2, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is activated in order to deflect the coating agent jet S1 laterally outwards, namely by means of an amplitude variation such that a deflected part of the coating agent jet S1 with an undeflected part of the coating agent jet S1 runs on the component B to form a unit. This creates a stripe application that is wider than in the period t0 to t1.

Im Zeitraum t2 bis t3 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während keineIn the period t2 to t3, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while none

Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S1 erfolgt. Dadurch wird eine geradlinige Streifenapplikation wie im Zeitraum t0 bis t1 erzeugt.The coating agent jet S1 is deflected. This creates a linear stripe application as in the period t0 to t1.

Im Zeitraum t3 bis t4 appliziert das Applikationsgerät 10 den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 auf das Bauteil B, während die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 aktiviert wird, um den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1 nach seitlich außen abzulenken und zwar mittels so einer Amplitudenvariation, dass auf dem Bauteil B drei voneinander separierte, parallel zueinander verlaufende Streifenapplikationen erzeugt werden.In the time period t3 to t4, the application device 10 applies the coating agent jet S1 to the component B, while the deflection device 20 is activated in order to deflect the coating agent jet S1 sideways outwards, namely by means of an amplitude variation such that three separated on the component B, parallel to one another running stripe applications are generated.

Fig. 18 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Fig. 18 shows a schematic view of a coating device 1 according to another embodiment of the invention.

Prinzipiell weist ein kontinuierlicher Beschichtungsmittelstrahl nach dem Austreten aus dem Applikationsgerät 10 bis zum Erreichen einer Zerfallslänge zunächst einen in Strahlrichtung zusammenhängenden Bereich auf. Nach der Zerfallslänge zerfällt der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl in Tröpfchen, die in der Strahlrichtung voneinander getrennt sind. Ist der Abstand zwischen dem Applikationsgerät und Bauteil geringer als die Zerfallslänge, erreicht der zusammenhängende Beschichtungsmittelstrahl das Bauteil.In principle, after a continuous coating agent coating has emerged from the application device 10 until a decay length has been reached, it initially has an area which is connected in the jet direction. After the decay length, the coating agent jet breaks up into droplets which are separated from one another in the jet direction. If the distance between the application device and the component is less than the decay length, the coherent jet of coating agent reaches the component.

Das in Figur 18 gezeigte Applikationsgerät 10 ist so ausgeführt, dass es das Beschichtungsmittel in Form eines zusammenhängenden Beschichtungsmittelstrahls S2 aus der Austrittsöffnung 11 ausgibt, der noch vor Erreichen seiner Zerfallslänge und somit in zusammenhängender Form auf das Bauteil B auftrifft.This in Figure 18 The application device 10 shown is designed such that it outputs the coating agent in the form of a coherent coating agent jet S2 from the outlet opening 11, which strikes the component B before it reaches its decay length and thus in a coherent form.

Die Erfindung umfasst somit Ausführungsformen, in denen ein zusammenhängender Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S2 auf das Bauteil B auftrifft.The invention thus includes embodiments in which a coherent coating agent jet S2 strikes the component B.

Zu erwähnen ist, dass die Erfindung zuvor zum Teil unter Bezugnahme auf die Bewegungseinheit 30 beschrieben worden ist. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann die Beschichtungsvorrichtung 1 eine nicht gezeigte Handhabungseinheit, z. B. einen Mehrachsroboter, zum Bewegen des Bauteils B relativ zu dem Applikationsgerät 10 umfassen. Das Applikationsgerät 10, die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 und die Handhabungseinheit können so konfiguriert sein, dass das Bauteil B während eines Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs zumindest temporär durch die Handhabungseinheit entlang einer vordefinierten Bahn relativ zu dem Applikationsgerät 10 bewegt wird und alternativ oder ergänzend das Bauteil B während eines Applikations- und Ablenkvorgangs zumindest temporär durch die Handhabungseinheit statisch oder ortsfest gehalten wird. Ferner können das Applikationsgerät 10 und die Handhabungseinheit so konfiguriert sein, dass die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels temporär unterbrochen wird, während die Handhabungseinheit das Bauteil B relativ zu dem Applikationsgerät 10 bewegt, und anschließend die Abgabe des Beschichtungsmittels auf eine andere Bauteilposition wieder aufgenommen wird.It should be noted that the invention has previously been described in part with reference to the movement unit 30. Alternatively or additionally, the coating device 1 can be a handling unit, not shown, for. B. include a multi-axis robot for moving the component B relative to the application device 10. The application device 10, the deflection device 20 and the handling unit can be configured such that the component B is at least temporarily moved by the handling unit along a predefined path relative to the application device 10 during an application and deflection process and, alternatively or in addition, the component B during a Application and deflection process is held at least temporarily statically or stationary by the handling unit. Furthermore, the application device 10 and the handling unit can be configured such that the dispensing of the coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the handling unit is moving the component B relative to the application device 10, and then the dispensing of the coating agent is resumed at another component position.

Zu erwähnen ist ferner, dass die Ablenkeinrichtung 20 auch eine vorzugsweise im Applikationsgerät 10 integrierte Ablenkdüse umfassen kann, deren Beschichtungsmittel-Ausgaberichtung relativ zum Applikationsgerät 10 verstellbar ist, um den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl S1, S2 ablenken zu können.It should also be mentioned that the deflection device 20 can also comprise a deflection nozzle, preferably integrated in the application device 10, whose coating agent dispensing direction can be adjusted relative to the application device 10 in order to be able to deflect the coating agent jet S1, S2.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die oben beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsformen beschränkt. Vielmehr ist eine Vielzahl von Varianten und Abwandlungen möglichen, die ebenfalls von dem Erfindungsgedanken Gebrauch machen und deshalb in den durch die beigefügten Ansprüche definierten Schutzbereich fallen.The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible which also make use of the inventive concept and therefore fall within the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

Claims (22)

  1. Coating device (1) for application of a coating agent, in particular a paint, sealant, separating agent, function layer or adhesive, to a component (B), namely a motor vehicle body and/or an attachment therefor, with
    - an applicator (10) which has at least one outlet opening (11) and is configured to emit at least one coating agent jet (S2), and
    - a deflection means (20) for deflecting the coating agent jet (S2), wherein
    - the coating agent jet (S2) hits the component (B) in cohesive form before reaching its break-down length,
    characterised in that
    - the deflection means (20) is configured for acoustic deflection of the coating agent jet (S2)
    - or the deflection means (20) is configured for electrostatic deflection of the coating agent jet (S2) and comprises at least two deflection units (21, 22, 23, 24) formed as plates and opposing each other.
  2. Coating device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the deflection means (20)
    - is configured for lateral deflection of the coating agent jet (S2),
    - and/or acts upon the coating agent jet (S2) at least nearly perpendicularly.
  3. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) is configured for at least temporarily continuous deflection of the coating agent jet (S2).
  4. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) is configured for at least temporarily pulsed deflection of the coating agent jet (S2).
  5. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) is configured to create a pattern, pictogram or company logo on the component (B).
  6. Coating device (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the pattern comprises at least one of the following:
    - at least one stripe, preferably a rectilinear stripe, curved stripe, and/or a stripe having at least one offset,
    - at least one rectangle, preferably a checkered pattern,
    - at least one polygon,
    - at least one polygonal area,
    - at least one circular ring,
    - at least one circular area,
    - at least one swirl application resulting from a movement overlay, wherein the movement overlay comprises a circular or arcuate movement of the coating agent jet (S2) generated by the deflection means (20), and a linear movement of the applicator (10).
  7. Coating device (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the pattern, pictogram or company logo has a sharp edge with a maximum deviation from a predefined edge course of maximum 3 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm or maximum 0.1 mm.
  8. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) is configured for two-dimensional deflection of the coating agent jet (S2) and preferably comprises at least four deflection units (21-24).
  9. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the amplitude and/or frequency of the deflection influence created by means of the deflection means (20) on the coating agent jet (S2) is changeable during an application and deflection process.
  10. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the applicator (10) comprises several outlet openings (11) and the distance between directly adjacent outlet openings (11) is dimensioned such that the adjacent coating agent jets do not coincide between the applicator (10) and the component (B), but the coating agents from the adjacent coating agent jets combine on the component (B).
  11. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the applicator (10) comprises several outlet openings (11) with a specific nozzle inner diameter and a specific nozzle distance, wherein the nozzle distance is at least equal to three times, four times or six times the nozzle inner diameter.
  12. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coating device (1) comprises a movement unit (30) which is configured to move the applicator (10) relative to the component (B), preferably during an application and/or deflection process.
  13. Coating device (1) according to claim 12, characterised in that the applicator (10), the deflection means (20) and the movement unit (30) are configured such that
    - during an application and deflection process, the applicator (10) is at least temporarily moved by the movement unit (30) along a predefined path relative to the component (B), and/or
    - during an application and deflection process, the applicator (10) is at least temporarily held static or stationary by the movement unit (30) and the component (B) is moved relative to the applicator (10).
  14. Coating device (1) according to any of claims 12 or 13, characterised in that the applicator (10) and the movement unit (30) are configured such that the output of coating agent is temporarily interrupted while the movement unit (30) moves the applicator (10) relative to the component (B), and then the output of coating agent is resumed at another component position.
  15. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that output of the coating agent is switched on or off with a switching duration of less than 70 ms, 50 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms or 1 ms.
  16. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the applicator (10) is configured to emit a cohesive coating agent jet (S2).
  17. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) comprises at least two deflection units (21-22), the deflection influence of which on the coating agent jet (S2) has an amplitude variation such that
    - a deflected part of the coating agent jet (S2) merges into a whole with an undeflected part of the coating agent jet (S2) on the component (B), or
    - a deflected part of the coating agent jet (S2) produces a first coating on the component (B) and an undeflected part of the coating agent jet (S2) produces a second coating on the component (B), wherein the first coating and the second coating are separated from each other and hence constitute individual coatings.
  18. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) comprises two first opposing deflection units (21-22) and two second opposing deflection units (23-24), wherein the two first deflection units (21-22) and the two second deflection units (23-24) are oriented transversely to each other.
  19. Coating device (1) according to claim 18, characterised in that the first deflection units (21-22) are configured to create a sine-wave shaped deflection influence on the coating agent jet (S2) and the second deflection units (23-24) are configured to generate a cosine-wave shaped deflection influence on the coating agent jet (S2).
  20. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the applicator (10) is configured such that the outlet speed of the coating agent is maximum 30 m/s, 20 m/s or 10 m/s, in order preferably to prevent the coating agent from rebounding from the component (B) .
  21. Coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection means (20) is arranged downstream of the outlet opening (11).
  22. Coating method for application of a coating agent, in particular a paint, sealant, separating agent, function layer or adhesive, to a component (B), namely a motor vehicle body and/or an attachment therefor, preferably carried out with a coating device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein:
    - at least one coating agent jet (S2) is emitted from at least one outlet opening (11) of an applicator (10), and
    - the coating agent jet (S2) is deflected by means of a deflection means (20) and hits the component (B) in cohesive form before reaching its break-down length, characterised in that
    - the coating agent jet (S2) is deflected acoustically
    - or electrostatically by at least two deflection units (21, 22, 23, 24) formed as plates and opposing each other.
EP14703778.2A 2013-02-11 2014-02-10 Coating apparatus having deflection device for deflecting a coating agent Active EP2953794B1 (en)

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DE102013002411.0A DE102013002411A1 (en) 2013-02-11 2013-02-11 Coating device with deflection device for deflecting a coating agent
PCT/EP2014/000362 WO2014121951A1 (en) 2013-02-11 2014-02-10 Coating apparatus having deflection device for deflecting a coating agent

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EP (1) EP2953794B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6605332B2 (en)
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MX380716B (en) 2025-03-12
JP2016513027A (en) 2016-05-12
WO2014121951A1 (en) 2014-08-14
US9987640B2 (en) 2018-06-05
JP6605332B2 (en) 2019-11-13
MX2015010171A (en) 2016-03-31
DE102013002411A1 (en) 2014-08-14
CN104995031A (en) 2015-10-21
US20150375239A1 (en) 2015-12-31
CN104995031B (en) 2017-08-29
EP2953794A1 (en) 2015-12-16

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