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EP2836658B1 - Tête de support pour la construction d'une superstructure - Google Patents

Tête de support pour la construction d'une superstructure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2836658B1
EP2836658B1 EP13722558.7A EP13722558A EP2836658B1 EP 2836658 B1 EP2836658 B1 EP 2836658B1 EP 13722558 A EP13722558 A EP 13722558A EP 2836658 B1 EP2836658 B1 EP 2836658B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slide
beams
heads
supporting
superstructure
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13722558.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2836658A1 (fr
Inventor
Davide PEDRAZZANI
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Tecnotelai Components Srl
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Tecnotelai Components Srl
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Publication of EP2836658A1 publication Critical patent/EP2836658A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/486—Dropheads supporting the concrete after removal of the shuttering; Connecting means on beams specially adapted for dropheads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a supporting head for supporting at least a first and a second beam that are suitable for contributing to the temporary support of a superstructure.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for constructing a floor.
  • the invention has particular application in the construction of concrete or concrete and hollow clay block floors or other forms of floor slabs where it is required to support the structure for a period extending beyond laying.
  • a method for constructing a floor envisages positioning an array of posts, each provided with a supporting head for temporarily supporting a superstructure.
  • this superstructure comprises formwork in which concrete is poured for the construction of the floor slab.
  • Each of said heads is provided with an upper support and a drop-head element.
  • the drop-head element is movable between a raised position and a lowered position.
  • the drop-head element supports beams. When the drop-head element is in the raised position, all of the beams of the head are used, together with the upper support, to prop up the formwork. In the lowered position, the drop-head element determines the dismantlement, from the superstructure, of all the beams of the head (which can thus be removed).
  • the technical task at the basis of the present invention is to propose a supporting head which is capable of offering considerable operating versatility. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an economical and flexible method for constructing a ceiling.
  • the reference number 1 indicates a supporting head of at least a first and a second beam suitable for contributing to the temporary support of a superstructure, in particular a floor under construction.
  • this head is also known as a "drop head”.
  • the head 1 comprises a structure 2 extending upward.
  • the structure 2 comprises at a top thereof a rest 21 suitable for supporting the superstructure 10 at least partially.
  • This rest 21 is also known in the art as a "head plate" and defines a terminal whereupon the superstructure 10 rests.
  • the structure 2 further comprises a base plate 23.
  • the base plate 23 of advantageously comprises a plurality of holes for the passage of connection means through the plate 23, said connection means serving to constrain the plate 23 to an underlying support, typically a post 70.
  • the structure 2 comprises two vertical rods 24, 25 (preferably tubular). The two tubular rods 24, 25 are interposed between the base plate 23 and the rest 21.
  • the structure 2 comprises a spacer 26 which keeps the two rods 24, 25 separate and parallel.
  • the two rods 24, 25 are welded to the base plate 23.
  • the head 1 further comprises a first slide 3 designed to support the first beam 22 and that is movable along said structure 2 at least between a first and a second position. In the first position (see figure 2 or 3 or 5 or 6 ) the first slide 3 is at a greater height than in the second position (see figure 4 or 7 ).
  • the head 1 comprises a second slide 4 that is designed to support the second beam 12.
  • the second slide 4 is movable along said structure 2 at least between a third and a fourth position. In the third position (see figure 2 or 5 ) the second slide 4 is at a greater height than in the fourth position (see figure 3 or 4 or 6 or 7 ).
  • the second slide 4 is movable along said two rods 24, 25.
  • the second slide 4 is below the first slide 3.
  • the first and the second slides 3, 4 are distinct and separate bodies.
  • the head 1 comprises means 5 for supporting the first slide 3 in the first position.
  • the means 5 for supporting the first slide in the first position comprise a locking dowel 500, typically a pin 50.
  • the dowel 500 can be inserted in a first seat 30 made on the first slide 3 and in at least a second seat 22 made on the structure 2 so as to support the first slide 3 in the first position.
  • the second seat 22 is made in one of said two rods 24, 25, whereas another of said two rods 24, 25 comprises a third seat 32.
  • the dowel 500 is inserted in the first, second and third seats 30,22,32.
  • the dowel 500 can be removed from the second and third seats 22, 32 (and advantageously also from the first seat 30) to release the first slide 3 relative to the structure 2, permitting the passage of the first slide 3 from the first to the second position; the expression “permitting the passage” means that the dowel 500, if released from the structure 2, no longer opposes the drop of the first slide 3; in the preferred embodiment, in order for the first slide 3 to actually pass from the first to the second position it is also necessary for the second slide 4 not to be locked in the third position; conveniently, the height at which the first slide is located in the second position is lower than the height at which the second slide is located in the third position (in fact, in the preferred embodiment the first slide 3 cannot be located in the second position if the second slide 4 is located in the third position).
  • the head 1 comprises means 6 for supporting the second slide 4 at least in the third position.
  • the means 6 for supporting the second slide opposes the action of the force of gravity which pushes the second slide downwards, thus blocking the natural movement of the second sliding element.
  • the means 5 for supporting the first slide is constrained to the structure 2.
  • the means 6 for supporting the second slide is constrained to the structure 2.
  • the means 6 for supporting the second slide comprises an element 60, which fits by interference into said structure 2 and supports from below the second slide 4 in the third position.
  • the element 60 which is fit is plate-like and has a first and a second hole 601, 602.
  • the supporting means 5 and/or 6 are removably connectable to the structure 2.
  • Both the first and second holes 601, 602 have two converging limiting walls.
  • One of the two rods 24, 25 is inserted into the first hole and one into the second hole 601, 602.
  • the two rods 24, 25 are fit into the converging zone of the first and second holes 601, 602.
  • the base plate 23 advantageously also comprises one or more protuberances 230 (typically obtained by pressing).
  • the protuberance 230 is a stop for said element 60; the protuberance 230 prevents the element 60, if released from the structure 2, from interfering with the underlying anchorage elements; said anchorage elements are responsible for connecting an end plate of the post and remaining parts of the post; the end plate of the post is the portion of the post upon which the base plate 23 rests.
  • the means 6 for supporting the second slide can be disengaged independently from the engagement of the means 5 for supporting the first slide 3.
  • the means 6 for supporting the second slide can be disengaged even if the means 5 for supporting the first slide 3 is engaged.
  • the head 1 can take on a configuration wherein the means 5 for supporting the first slide performs its support function and the means 6 for supporting the second slide is disengaged (i.e. does not perform its support function). This permits a shifting of the second slide 4 from the third to the fourth position, even in the case in which the first slide 3 remains fixed in the first position.
  • the first and second slides 3, 4 are separate and distinct.
  • the means 5 and the means 6 are also separate and distinct.
  • the first slide 3 comprises a rest zone 31 for the first beam 11.
  • the first slide 3 comprises at least one projecting element intended to fit into the first beam 11 (it preferably comprises a plurality of projecting elements intended to fit into in the first beam 11).
  • projecting elements comprise:
  • the rest zone 31 for the first beam and the rest zone 42 for the second beam are located along two directions rotated by 90°.
  • the rest zone 31 for the first beam and the rest zone 33 for the third beam are reciprocally opposite relative to the structure 2.
  • the rest zone 44 for the fourth beam and the rest zone 42 for the second beam are reciprocally opposite relative to the structure 2.
  • the structure 2 is thus interposed between the zones 31 and 33.
  • Analogously, the structure 2 is interposed between the zones 42 and 44.
  • the first slide 3 provides and completely surrounds at least a first opening 34 for the passage of the structure 2; the second slide 4 provides and completely surrounds at least a second opening 41 for the passage of the structure 2 (in particular, the second opening 41 coincides with said first or said second hole 601, 602).
  • the present invention further relates to a kit comprising (see figures 8 and 9 ):
  • the appendage 71 projects in a distancing direction from head 1.
  • the appendage 71 comprises a support 72 in turn comprising at its upper end gripping means (for example a clip 73) for gripping a beam (in particular the above-specified first or second beam 11, 12).
  • the gripping means are elastically returned.
  • the clip 73 comprises an elastic spring 86 which tends to tighten two arms of said clip 73.
  • the appendage 71 (typically via the gripping means) is suitable for defining an additional rest point for the first or the second beam 11, 12.
  • the support 72 is adjustable in height.
  • the appendage 71 is used above all whenever the first or the second beam is projecting or more in general to better stabilize it.
  • the kit 1 also comprises the post 70 below the head 1.
  • the appendage 71 comprises a clamp 87 which traps the base plate 23 and an upper plate of the post 70 (which are inserted and remain interposed between two parts of the clamp).
  • the upper plate of the post was previously also defined as "end plate" of the post.
  • the present invention also relates to a shoring framework 100 for constructing a floor.
  • the floor can for example be a concrete floor slab as indicated, for example, in figure 11 or 12 , or else it could be made of concrete and clay blocks as indicated, for example, in figure 13 .
  • Said shoring framework 100 comprises a group of posts 70 and heads 1, each head 1 topping a corresponding post 70 and having one or more of the previously described features.
  • the shoring framework 100 in particular comprises a first group of beams, each beam of said first group extending between a pair of said heads 1.
  • the beams of the first group comprise:
  • the first and the second set of beams support the weight of a superstructure 10.
  • the superstructure 10 comprises a formwork (the formwork usually includes a set of panels on the inside of which concrete is poured).
  • the shoring framework 100 comprises walkway platforms 76 set by side; for example, said platforms 76 enable an operator to work more comfortably and in complete safety during the construction of the superstructure 10.
  • the platforms 70 are supported or constrained to the beams of the second set.
  • the beams of the first set extend along a first direction 74
  • the beams of the second set extend along a second direction 75 extend first direction 74.
  • the superstructure comprises hollow blocks having a preponderant direction of extension parallel to the second direction 75.
  • Said shoring framework 100 takes on at least:
  • the shoring framework 100 takes on a third configuration wherein the heads 1 have the first and the second slide 3, 4 respectively in the second and in the fourth position and wherein the beams of the first set are distanced from the superstructure and removable.
  • the heads 1 In the third configuration, the heads 1 have the rest 21 which supports the superstructure 10.
  • the user has utmost versatility of use.
  • the first and the second slide 3,4 of the heads 1 are respectively in the first and in the third position.
  • the user can choose between two options described here below.
  • a first option envisages that the operator decides that the support provided by the beams that rest on the first slide 3 of the heads 1 is sufficient on its own; consequently, the beams set on the second slide 4 of the various heads 1 can be lowered.
  • this operation could be carried out immediately after pouring the concrete which contributes to defining the superstructure.
  • the beams that rest on the first slide 3 of the various heads 1 can be removed and those beams can be reused in another area of the building site.
  • the walkway platforms 76 are also freed and can thus be reused.
  • the superstructure will thus be supported only by the top rests 21 of the heads 1 and by the beams that rest on the first slide 3 of the various heads 1 (advantageously the beams that rest on the first slide 3 of the various heads can be removed after complete curing of the concrete; in the case of a concrete and hollow clay block ceiling, this usually takes place around 28 days after laying).
  • a second option envisages that the user decides at a certain point of the work that it is possible to simultaneously remove the beams that rest both on the first and on the second slide 3, 4 of each head 1. Consequently, it is possible to lower both the first and the second slide of each head 1.
  • the floor slab is instead made solely of concrete, given the greater weight thereof it could be decided to keep all the beams erected until the concrete is completely cured.
  • At least one of the beams used has a profile having an "upside-down T" shaped cross section (see figure 10 ). What is described with reference to said "upside-down T" shaped beam can be advantageously repeated for a plurality of said beams, preferably for all the beams.
  • said beam is hollow at least at the ends.
  • the "upside-down T" shaped beam has a section having a base 81 and a stem 82; the stem 82 projects upward from the base 81, in a distancing direction from the base 81.
  • said beam comprises a protuberance 83 for coupling to the walkway platform 76; said protuberance 83 projects upwards from the base 81.
  • Said protuberance 83 is positioned beside the stem 82.
  • the base 81 has two edges 84,85 which converge toward the inside of the base 81 and are inclined relative to the horizontal plane, preferably by an angle of 8.21°. This serves to improve the gripping action by the appendage 71.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for constructing a floor.
  • Said method comprises a stage of positioning a network of temporary posts 70 and heads; each of said heads being placed at the top of a corresponding post and having one or more of the above-specified features; the posts of the network are in a vertical position.
  • the method further comprises a stage of positioning a plurality of beams, oriented according to a first and a second direction 74, 75 on pairs of said heads.
  • the first and the second direction 74, 75 are reciprocally perpendicular.
  • the beams extending along the first direction 74 rest on the first slide 3 of said heads 1.
  • the beams extending along the second direction 75 rest on the second slide 4 of said heads 1.
  • the method further envisages applying a superstructure 10 above said beams.
  • the superstructure 10 can comprise formwork intended to receive the poured concrete.
  • the stage of applying the superstructure 10 comprises the stage of resting a set of walkway platforms 76 on the beams extending along the second direction 75.
  • the formwork is placed above said platforms.
  • the method can further comprise the stages of:
  • the stage of lowering the second slide 4 causes the lowering of said platforms 76 which, disengaged from the remaining parts of the superstructure 10, can be removed. At least a part of said superstructure is thus destined to remain incorporated in the ceiling; at least a part of said superstructure can be removed after the ceiling is completed.
  • the invention thus conceived enables a number of advantages to be obtained.
  • the invention offers the user the option of dismantling only some of the beams, leaving others in place; this makes it possible to limit costs.
  • the dismantled beams can be reused in another area of the building site (and therefore a smaller number of beams will be necessary overall because some can be reused).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Tête de support destinée à supporter au moins une première et une seconde poutre étant adaptées pour contribuer au support temporaire d'une superstructure, en particulier, un sol en cours de construction, la tête (1) comprenant :
    - une structure (2) se développant vers le haut ayant une plaque de tête (21) au sommet de celle-ci définissant une extrémité sur laquelle la superstructure est en appui ;
    - une première coulisse (3) conçue pour supporter la première poutre et étant mobile le long de ladite structure (2) au moins entre une première et une seconde position ; dans la première position, la première coulisse (3) étant située à une hauteur supérieure à celle qu'elle occupe dans la seconde position ;
    - un moyen (5) destiné à supporter la première coulisse dans la première position ;
    - une seconde coulisse (4) étant conçue pour supporter la seconde poutre, en dessous de la première coulisse (3) et étant mobile le long de ladite structure (2) au moins entre une troisième et une quatrième position ; dans la troisième position, la seconde coulisse (4) étant située à une hauteur supérieure à celle qu'elle occupe dans la quatrième position ;
    - un moyen (6) destiné à supporter la seconde coulisse (4) au moins dans la troisième position ; la tête pouvant prendre une configuration dans laquelle le moyen (5) destiné à supporter la première coulisse effectue sa fonction de support et le moyen (6) destiné à supporter la seconde coulisse est désengagé, permettant ainsi un déplacement de la seconde coulisse (4) de la troisième à la quatrième position, même si la première coulisse (3) reste fixée dans la première position ; caractérisée en ce que le moyen (5) destiné à supporter la première coulisse dans la première position et le moyen (6) destiné à supporter la seconde coulisse dans la troisième position sont séparés et distincts.
  2. Tête selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen (5) destiné à supporter la première coulisse comprend une cheville (50) :
    - pouvant être insérée dans un premier siège (30) réalisé sur la première coulisse (3) et dans un second siège (22) réalisé sur la structure (2) de manière à supporter la première coulisse (3) dans la première position ;
    - pouvant être retirée du premier et du second siège (30, 22) de sorte à libérer la première coulisse (3) par rapport à la structure (2), en permettant le passage de la première coulisse (3) de la première position à la seconde.
  3. Tête selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le moyen (6) destiné à supporter la seconde coulisse comprend un élément (60) qui s'ajuste par interférence à ladite structure (2) et qui supporte par en dessous la seconde coulisse (4) dans la troisième position.
  4. Tête selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la première coulisse (3) comprend une zone d'appui (31) pour la première poutre ; la seconde coulisse (4) comprenant une zone d'appui (42) pour la seconde poutre ; en partant d'un axe (20) le long duquel ladite structure (2) se développe, la zone d'appui (31) pour la première poutre et la zone d'appui (42) pour la seconde poutre sont situées le long de deux directions pivotées de 90°.
  5. Tête selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la première coulisse (3) comprend une zone d' appui (31) pour la première poutre et une zone d' appui (33) pour une troisième poutre, la zone d'appui (31) pour la première poutre et la zone d'appui (33) pour la troisième poutre étant réciproquement opposées par rapport à la structure (2) ; la seconde coulisse (4) comprenant une zone d'appui (42) pour la seconde poutre et une zone d'appui (44) pour une quatrième poutre, la zone d'appui (44) pour la quatrième poutre et la zone d'appui (42) pour la seconde poutre étant réciproquement opposées par rapport à la structure (2).
  6. Tête selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la première coulisse (3) fournit et entoure complètement une première ouverture (34) pour le passage de la structure (2) ; la seconde coulisse (4) fournit et entoure complètement une seconde ouverture (41) pour le passage de la structure (2).
  7. Kit caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    - une tête (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 1 à 6 ;
    - un appendice (71) accroché à la tête (1) et/ou pouvant s'accrocher à un montant de support (70) pour supporter la tête (1), ledit appendice (71) dépassant dans une direction à distance de la tête (1) ;
    ledit appendice (71) comprenant un support (72) étant réglable en hauteur et à son tour comprenant au niveau de l'extrémité supérieure une attache (73) pouvant saisir la première ou la seconde poutre (11, 12), ledit appendice (71) étant adapté pour définir un point d'appui supplémentaire pour la première ou la seconde poutre (11, 12).
  8. Structure de renforcement destinée à la construction d'un plafond et caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend :
    - un groupe de montants de support (70) et de têtes (1), chacune desdites têtes (1) étant disposée au sommet d'un montant de support (70) correspondant et étant conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications de 1 à 6 ;
    - un premier groupe de poutres, chaque poutre dudit premier groupe se développant entre une paire desdites têtes ; les poutres du premier groupe comprenant un premier ensemble de poutres qui sont en appui sur la première coulisse (3) des têtes (1) et un second ensemble de poutres qui sont en appui sur la seconde coulisse (4) des têtes (1) ;
    les poutres du premier ensemble se développant le long d'une première direction (74), et les poutres du second ensemble se développant le long d'une seconde direction (75) perpendiculaire à la première direction (74) ;
    - des plateformes (76) étant des passerelles et supportées ou solidaires des poutres du second ensemble ;
    ladite structure de renforcement adoptant au moins :
    - une première configuration dans laquelle les têtes possèdent la première coulisse (3) dans la première position, la seconde coulisse (4) dans la troisième position et dans laquelle les poutres du premier et du second ensemble déterminent un plan d'appui d'une superstructure ;
    - une seconde configuration dans laquelle les têtes possèdent la première coulisse (3) dans la première position, la seconde coulisse (4) dans la quatrième position et dans laquelle les poutres du premier ensemble supportent au moins partiellement la superstructure (10), tandis que les poutres du second ensemble et lesdites plateformes de passerelles (76) sont éloignées de la superstructure (10) par rapport à la première configuration et sont donc amovibles.
  9. Procédé de construction d'un sol comprenant les étapes de :
    - positionner un réseau de montants de support temporaires (70) et un groupe de têtes, chacune desdites têtes étant conformes à l'une quelconque des revendications de 1 à 6 ; chaque tête dudit groupe étant placée au sommet d'un montant de support (70) correspondant ;
    - positionner une pluralité de poutres orientées selon une première et une seconde direction (74, 75) sur des paires desdites têtes, lesdites première et seconde directions (74, 75) étant réciproquement perpendiculaires ; les poutres se prolongeant le long de la première direction (74) en appui sur la première coulisse (3) desdites têtes (1), les poutres se prolongeant le long de la seconde direction (75) étant en appui sur la seconde coulisse (4) desdites têtes ;
    - appliquer une superstructure (10) au-dessus desdites poutres, au moins une partie de ladite superstructure étant prévue pour constituer une partie du plafond ;
    - abaisser la seconde coulisse (4) des têtes de manière à désengager les poutres se prolongeant le long de la seconde direction (75) de la superstructure (10) ;
    - maintenir la première coulisse (3) des têtes dans la première position pendant un laps de temps supplémentaire, de sorte que les poutres se prolongeant le long de la première direction (74) fassent encore office de support pour la superstructure (10).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'étape d'application de la superstructure (10) comprend l'étape consistant à mettre en appui un ensemble de plateformes de passerelles (76) sur les poutres se prolongeant le long de la seconde direction (75), l'étape consistant à abaisser la seconde coulisse (4) déterminant l'abaissement desdites plateformes (76), qui, une fois désengagées des parties restantes de la superstructure (10), peuvent être retirées.
EP13722558.7A 2012-04-11 2013-03-28 Tête de support pour la construction d'une superstructure Active EP2836658B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000022A ITPR20120022A1 (it) 2012-04-11 2012-04-11 Testa di sostegno per la realizzazione di una sovrastruttura
PCT/IB2013/052522 WO2013153478A1 (fr) 2012-04-11 2013-03-28 Tête de support pour la construction d'une superstructure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2836658A1 EP2836658A1 (fr) 2015-02-18
EP2836658B1 true EP2836658B1 (fr) 2016-05-11

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EP13722558.7A Active EP2836658B1 (fr) 2012-04-11 2013-03-28 Tête de support pour la construction d'une superstructure

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2836658B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2586725T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITPR20120022A1 (fr)
MA (1) MA20150064A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2836658T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013153478A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201407333B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2014215950B2 (en) 2014-08-19 2019-09-19 Form 700 Pty Ltd Concrete formwork and a formwork support bracket
ITUB20159267A1 (it) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-22 Tecnotelai Componenets S R L Testa di sostegno di almeno una trave e metodo di connessione della trave alla testa
US10053877B2 (en) * 2016-09-19 2018-08-21 Michael L. Lenkin Adjustable support device and shoring system
DE102018203873A1 (de) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-19 Peri Gmbh Schalungsträger-Baugruppe

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WO2013153478A1 (fr) 2013-10-17
MA20150064A1 (fr) 2015-02-27
EP2836658A1 (fr) 2015-02-18
ITPR20120022A1 (it) 2013-10-12
ZA201407333B (en) 2016-05-25
ES2586725T3 (es) 2016-10-18

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