EP2827949A1

EP2827949A1 - Protective body for insertion into a body cavity

Info

Publication number: EP2827949A1
Application number: EP12818467.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gunar KOLLER
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-03-22
Filing date: 2012-12-21
Publication date: 2015-01-28
Also published as: CA2867854A1; US9079024B2; US20150041685A1; AT512730B1; WO2013138825A1; AT512730A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective body for insertion into a body cavity of a human or animal body for the protection of tissue and/or organs that are not to be irradiated when carrying out radiation therapy, wherein the protective body (1) comprises at least one absorber body (2) designed to absorb radiation and having at least one curved surface (3) that delimits the absorber body, and the absorber body (2) has a density at 20°C of at least 5 gram per cubic centimetre, preferably of at least 10 gram per cubic centimetre.

Description

Protective body for insertion into a body cavity

The present invention relates to a protective body for introduction into a body cavity of a human or animal body for the protection of non-irradiated tissue and / or organs when performing a

Radiotherapy.

In medicine, radiotherapy is nowadays used in the treatment of Krebsbzw. Tumor patients used in numerous embodiments. It is important to irradiate the area to be irradiated, ie in particular the tumor, with a sufficiently high radiation dose, while the healthy, in particular

arranged adjacent to the tumor, tissue areas and organs as little as possible or not at all to be damaged by the radiation.

From WO 201 1/026662 A1 a tissue protector for use in the oral cavity is known. It is essentially a plastic part which, by means of its shape adapted to the patient, serves to displace the tongue, the lips and other tissue parts out of the ray path so that they emit the least possible dose of radiation

and thus the likelihood of damage to the otherwise healthy tissue is as low as possible. Furthermore, WO 201 1/026662 A1 also discloses that, if appropriate, additional lead plates, which are advantageously exchangeable, could be attached to the tissue protector disclosed therein.

Object of the present invention is an alternative way of

Design of protective bodies of the above type to suggest.

The invention provides for this, that the protective body at least one

Absorber body for absorbing radiation with at least one curved and has a limiting surface and the absorber body has a density at 20 ° C of at least 5 grams per cubic centimeter, preferably at least 10 grams per cubic centimeter. In the invention and its physical realization in the form of appropriate

Protection body is thus chosen a different approach, as can not be irradiated tissue or organs before irradiation during radiotherapy can be protected. It is primarily no longer a question of a displacement of these tissue parts to be protected but rather of filling corresponding body cavities by means of the absorber body at the locations required for this radiation protection, so that this absorber body absorbs the radiation in the area in which the tissue not to be irradiated and / or not to be irradiated. In order to be able to perform this protective function, the absorber bodies must have at least one curved, delimiting surface, since practically no straight surfaces exist in the human and animal body. Furthermore, the absorber body must have a density of at least 5 grams per cubic centimeter, preferably at least 10 grams per cubic centimeter. This density is therefore under normal conditions at 20 ° Celsius

determine.

Protective bodies according to the invention can be used not only, as known from WO 201 1/026662 A1, in the mouth but also in other natural body cavities, such as the nasal cavity, the vagina and the anus or large intestine. However, it is equally possible to create surgically artificial body cavities in which appropriate protective bodies are used in order to prevent radiation and non-irradiation of tissue and / or organs from too high a radiation dose. By using protective bodies according to the invention, it is also possible to realize new beam paths in radiotherapy. In the sense of the best possible adaptation to the shape of the respective body cavity and / or the tissue and / or organ to be protected, the absorber body or the surface bounding it is formed anatomically curved. Protective bodies according to the invention can be used both in teletherapy and in brachytherapy. The radiation can therefore act on the body of the patient from the outside, just as it is possible to use protection bodies according to the invention if the radiation source or the radiation sources are arranged in and / or directly on the body. In the teletherapy, ie in the irradiation from the outside, is a relatively new development in the form of

so-called I RT technique (Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy), in which a plurality of sources or fields, e.g. 70-80 is irradiated.

In particular, protective bodies according to the invention are also suitable for this purpose. In addition, protective bodies according to the invention can also be used in high-LET irradiation and in other high-energy irradiation methods.

Preferred embodiments of the invention provide that the protective body has a, the absorber body, preferably completely, sheathing coating, which is made of a different material than the absorber body, preferably made of at least one plastic or aluminum or a

Aluminum alloy, consists of or at least such other material. For toxic absorber materials of the absorber body of the coating

in particular, to protect the body from the negative action of the toxic absorbent material. The coating may additionally or alternatively also serve to prevent or minimize backscatter electrons which occur during irradiation on the absorber body. The coating preferably consists of a non-toxic biocompatible, expediently radiation-permeable material. For this purpose, a variety of plastics are suitable. Examples include acrylics, methacrylates and many other polymers as well as monomers. Also coatings of aluminum or aluminum alloy are conceivable. The coatings should cover the absorber body as completely as possible. This at least to the extent that no toxic effect can emanate from the absorber body. In any case, materials that are suitable for the coating are particularly suitable Absorber body of lead, in an elution test, in particular according to EN ISO 1 1885, in which the eluate of the test specimen over 24 hours with the

Overhead shaking method with an eluent of 3% acetic acid and a

Weight ratio between eluent and test specimen of 5: 1 after 24 hours at most 200 g lead in the eluate. The coating preferably has, preferably everywhere, a wall thickness of at least 1 millimeter, preferably of at least 2 millimeters. The absorption effect of different absorber body depends on the type of irradiation and on the nature of the absorber material. In order to achieve a correspondingly high absorption, it is generally favorable if the absorber body has a minimum diameter of 4 at least in some areas

Millimeters, preferably of 10 millimeters. In doubt, this is

Minimum diameter to be measured in the direction of the beam path.

The protective body, in contrast to WO 201 1/026662 A1, which mandatorily provides a viewing window, advantageously in the assembled state, no such opening for visual inspection of an operating area. This is included

Therefore, the protective body is not only used postoperatively or preoperatively, but also in primary radiotherapy or primary chemoradiotherapy without surgery.

Conveniently, the absorber body comprises a metal, preferably lead or mercury. He can also completely consist of it. The protective body or absorber body form in many embodiments in itself rigid, solid body. In another type of embodiment, however, it is also possible for the coating to encase at least one fillable volume of the protective body, with a liquid absorber material, preferably mercury, being able to be filled or filled into the volume in order to form the absorber body. The coating encloses in these embodiments, a cavity and thus a fillable volume of the protective body into which a liquid absorbent material can be introduced to form the absorber body. It can thus be a kind of catheter systems be created by relatively small openings to the corresponding

Position in the body of the patient can be brought. Only when these catheter-like protective body have reached their final position, the fillable volume in the coating is filled by filling the corresponding absorbent material and thus receives its, preferably predetermined by the shape of the coating, intended for the irradiation process contour. Before the

Removing the catheter-like protective body, the absorber material can then be taken out of the cavity or volume again, so that the removal of the protective body from the human or animal body by a relatively small body opening is possible.

A further development of the invention provides that at least the

Absorber body an opening and closing means for opening and closing a through the absorber body, preferably by the protective body,

Having through opening. These variants make it possible to leave open the opening in the absorber body by means of the opening and closing device for certain irradiation processes and to close in others. The opening and closing devices may be in particular lamella or slider systems. It is preferably electrically operable, if necessary

remote controllable opening and closing devices. The hydraulic or pneumatic actuation via corresponding inlets and outlets is possible.

Apart from the protective body itself, the invention also provides a set with at least one protective body according to the invention, wherein the set in addition to

Protective body has at least one replacement body of another, preferably radiation-permeable, material, wherein the protective body and the replacement body at least partially, preferably completely, have an identical outer contour. The replacement body may for example be made of the same material as the coating, that is preferably made of plastic, aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Conveniently, the replacement body is at least largely made of a material which is substantially more transparent to radiation educated. Radiation permeability can, as in the case of coating, be based on the radiation permeability of the tissue of the human or animal body. The replacement bodies can then be used in particular for computed tomography examinations, which are necessary for the planning of the radiotherapy. Due to the identical outer contour, the spatial conditions resulting from the protective body can be exactly simulated by inserting the replacement body into the corresponding body cavity in the planning computer tomogram, so that an exact planning for the radiotherapy is possible. In other words, with the help of the set described, a planning that is as exact as possible and

Carrying out radiation therapy possible. In particular, the

Misinterpretation of artifacts avoided. So it is in the course of planning a possible procedure or a possible method to bring the replacement body in an artificial or natural body cavity and then with a

imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and the like

geometrical conditions in the body, as they will be during the irradiation, using the replacement body to image.

Even with the formation of the protective body as a hollow body exact planning by realization of a corresponding set is possible. Preferably, it is provided that the protective body has a, the absorber body, preferably completely, sheathing coating, which consists of a material other than the absorber body, preferably at least one plastic or aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or at least has such a different material, wherein the coating encloses at least one fillable volume of the protective body, wherein the formation of the absorber body, a liquid absorber material, preferably mercury, is filled or filled into the volume and to form the replacement body, compared to the liquid absorbent material radiation-permeable fluid, preferably air or water or saline , fillable or filled. Of course, other suitable more radiation transmissive fluids may be used. By filling the radiolucent fluid, in the fillable, by the shape of the Cover predetermined volume is also guaranteed here that the protective body and the replacement body at least partially, preferably completely, have an identical outer contour. The coating is designed so that the same outer contour is achieved both by the filling with absorber material, as well as by the filling with the radiation-permeable fluid.

A further development of the invention provides that a set with at least one protective body with at least one opening and closing device

is provided, wherein the set in addition to the protective body at least one

Substitute body of another, preferably radiation-permeable material, wherein the replacement body and the open and / or closed

Protective body at least partially, preferably completely, have an identical outer contour. For example, it may be provided that the replacement body has an opening and closing device made of a material that is more transparent to radiation and that is identical to the protective body.

Further sets are preferably provided, which additionally have at least one, at least partially insertable into the body cavity carrier body on which and / or in which the protective body and optionally the replacement body in an unambiguous position relative to the carrier body can be arranged, preferably fixed, are. The carrier body can then be used so that the replacement body and possibly also the protective body can be brought exactly to the desired end position. It is advantageous in this case if the protective body and optionally also the replacement body are held in the end position on the carrier body in a releasable positive connection, for example by means of snapping. It is particularly advantageous, if it is a corresponding, accessible from the outside body cavity that the protective body and spare body can be removed from the outside of the carrier body and inserted into this again. Preferred embodiments provide, in the sense of an exact position specification during the irradiation, that the carrier body at least one fixing device for Has fixation of the carrier body in the body or outside of the body. The fixation of such a carrier body in the body of the human or animal to be treated can be done for example via a corresponding attachment to a bone. For this purpose, a variety of ways, such as screwing, gluing or other fastening options by means of bands, straps or the like. Imagine. A kind of fixation outside the body is also possible. This can be realized, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 of WO 201 1/026662 A1. Alternatively, such fixators may be mentioned in all

Embodiments also be provided directly on the protective body.

Both on the protective body itself and on the carrier body and / or on the replacement body, marking means can be applied for determining the position during planning and / or radiotherapy, e.g. from radiopaque material to obtain landmarks visible in the computerized tomogram.

In order to monitor the radiation dose during irradiation, can on the protective body, the carrier body and / or the replacement body radiation measuring means or

Facilities such as e.g. appropriate dosimeter films, detectors and the like may be arranged in order to be able to determine the appropriate radiation dose at certain points.

As a radiation measuring means indicator bodies are referred to in this context, which enable a corresponding indication of the radiation dose on impact of a corresponding radiation dose due to their chemical and / or physical change. A radiation measuring device designates corresponding sensors or detectors, that is to say a device which enables a preferably ongoing measurement of the radiation dose.

In the context of the invention, it is possible, suitable protective body, carrier body and / or replacement body individually to the respective needs in the

Radiation therapy of each patient adapted to produce. about appropriate surveys of the areas of the body to be treated eg

By means of computed tomography, a fully or partially automated production of the protective body can take place. From the known absorber material, the known radiation paths and geometries of the areas to be shielded and the intended radiation doses, the shape, size and material selection of the absorber material can be determined automatically or semi-automatically.

Further features and details of various embodiments of the invention will be described in the following description of the figures with reference to

various variants of the invention explained. Show it:

Fig. 1 to 7 a first embodiment of the invention;

8 to 14 a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 15 to 19, a third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 20 is an auxiliary spoon

21 to 23 a fourth embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 24 and 25 show a fifth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 26 and 27, a sixth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 28 to 30 three further embodiments of the invention;

31 and 32 two further embodiment and

Fig. 33 and 34 yet another embodiment of the invention.

The first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 7 shows a set with a protective body 1 according to the invention, a matching carrier body 1 1 and a replacement body 9, which has an identical outer contour 10 to the protective body 1. This first embodiment of the invention is intended to be used in the oral cavity of the patient. The support body 1 1, which is preferably made of a similar radiation-transparent material as the

human body such as a suitable plastic, has two tooth parts 16. Bites the patient for whom this embodiment was made, with his upper and lower jaw or their teeth on the tooth parts 16, so the carrier body 1 1 is positioned exactly and uniquely in the oral cavity. An exact positioning in the carrier body 1 1 is achieved for the protective body 1 when it is inserted in the insertion direction 14 in the intended for him receiving opening 13 to the end position. In the end position, the protective body 1 is positively held and positioned in its position. In the first embodiment, the insertion direction 14 and the receiving opening 13 are formed so that an insertion and removal of the protective body 1 through the mouth opening at the same time inserted carrier body 1 1 is possible. The support body 1 1 can thus remain in the mouth of the patient when changing between the replacement body 9 and protective body 1. In order to grip the protective body 1 well, this, as well as the replacement body 9, a handle portion 15. 2 and 3 show the protective body 1 in its inserted end position in the carrier body 1 1. The positive locking in this end position an exact positioning is achieved. Fig. 6 shows the protective body 1 of this first embodiment from a different perspective. Also marked is the section line BB. The section associated with this section line BB is shown in FIG. There it is easy to see how the absorber body 2, for example made of lead, is completely encased by the coating 4. The surface 3 of the absorber body 2 is anatomically curved, so that the protective body, so the absorber body 2 together with coating 4, the body cavity, so here the oral cavity, to the extent required fills. For the

Choice of material and thickness of the coating 4 applies the above. Furthermore, for the corresponding radiation absorption, the minimum diameter 5 mentioned here by way of example should also be observed at the corresponding points.

Fig. 4 shows the replacement body 9, in the implementation of the

Planning computer tomogram can be inserted in an identical manner in the carrier body 1 1 as the protective body. 1 The outer contour 10 of

Substitute body 9 is this identical to the outer contour 10 of the protective body 1 executed. Fig. 5 shows the section AA of FIG. 4. For the choice of material of

Substitute 9 applies the above. For example, it is possible this Make replacement body 9 of the same material in particular from the same plastic as that of the carrier body 1 1 or the coating 4.

The second embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 14 is also intended to be inserted in the oral cavity of the patient. Here, the protective body 1 and thus also the replacement body 9 but pushed from behind onto the carrier body 1 1. This means that in this embodiment the

Carrier body 1 1 must be removed from the mouth of the patient to change between protective body 1 and replacement body 9. In the sense of a precise

Positioning shows this embodiment on the support body 1 1 the

Fixing device 12, which can serve for fixing, as shown by way of example in FIGS. 9 and 10 of WO 201 1/026662 A1.

In the second embodiment, for securing the protective body and the replacement body in the respective end position in the carrier body 1 1 a

Provided snap connection, which is realized here by means of the snap lever 17. When reaching the end position grab both the protective body 1 and the replacement body 9 a. To release then the snap lever 17 must be pressed. Fig. 8 shows the carrier body 1 1 and the protective body 1 separated from each other and the insertion direction 14, in which the protective body 1 in the corresponding

Receiving opening 13 of the carrier body 1 1 is inserted. Figs. 9 and 10 show the interconnected state from two different viewing directions. Fig. 1 1 again shows the replacement body 9. Fig. 12 shows the section along the

Section line CC of Fig. 1 1 by this replacement body 9. Fig. 13 shows the

Protective body 1 and the cutting line DD. The section associated with the section line DD is shown in FIG. For the coating 4 and the training of the

Absorber body 2 again applies to the first embodiment said.

15 to 19 show a further embodiment of a carrier body 1 1, but here with two protective bodies according to the invention 1. Also here is provided, the carrier body 1 1 together with the protective bodies 1 in the mouth of Use patients. The replacement bodies 9 possibly required for the planning computer tomogram are not shown here. But they can be provided as in the previously described embodiments and just each same outer contour 10, as the respective protective body 1, they in the

Replacing the planning computer tomogram. The fixing device 12 is also arranged on the carrier body 1 1 in this embodiment. It serves the same purpose as in the already described second embodiment. The protective bodies 1 also each have an inner absorber body 2, which is completely covered by a corresponding coating 4. In Fig. 15 is an exploded view is shown, in which the two protective body 1 are detached from the carrier body 1 1. 16 to 18 show different views, in which the protective body 1 in the carrier body 1 1 are held positively in their final position. Fig. 19 shows a horizontal section along the section line EE of Fig. 18. This

Embodiment shows essentially that not just a protective body 1 but also several protective body 1 can be used, if this is necessary to protect the healthy tissue and / or organ areas in a given radiotherapy.

Fig. 20 shows an auxiliary spoon 18, which serves, in embodiments of the

Invention according to thef first three embodiments to lift the patient's lips over the support body 1 1. It should also be noted that on

Carrier body 1 1 and / or protective body 1 and / or replacement body 9 edges

can be trained to fix the lips of the patient in their intended position better. Of course, this applies to a wide variety of people

Application forms in the mouth area.

21 to 23 show another Auführungsbeispiel the invention with a carrier body 1 1 with two protective bodies 1. The embodiment shown here is intended to be inserted into the vagina of a patient. The Protective body 1 in turn, although not explicitly shown here, each have an inner absorber body 2, which is enclosed by a coating 4 in each case over the entire surface. The absorber body 2 can again, as in the other embodiments, be lead or another suitable absorber material. The carrier body 1 1 can again be made of a corresponding plastic or other suitable material, in particular of the same material as the coating 4. Again, the above generally applies. Also in this fourth embodiment of the invention are the

Protective body 1 positively held in the carrier body 1 1. If this is for a

Planning computer tomogram is necessary, they can also be replaced by provided with the same outer contour 10 spare body 9. At this

Embodiment is exemplified that to carry out a

Brachytherapy can be provided that at least one radiation source is arranged directly in the carrier body 1 1. In the embodiment shown, the channels 19 are provided, can be introduced or inserted into the corresponding radiation sources. As an alternative to the radiation sources, radiation detectors can, of course, also be arranged in these channels 19 or generally in the carrier body 11 in order to measure the radiation dose at a specific location. These ideas are shown in this embodiment for explanation. But you can just as well in all other embodiments with support bodies 1 1 can be realized. The four previously described embodiments of the invention are all intended to be used in natural body cavities. Variants of the invention will be explained below by way of example which are intended to be used, possibly or above all, surgically in an artificially accessible or to be created body cavity of the human or animal body. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 24 and 25, the protective body 1 is designed shell-shaped in shape to the kidney 20. As shown in Fig. 25, this cup-shaped protective body 1 is applied on one side to the kidney 20, so that it is protected accordingly from unnecessary radiation. Also, this protective body 1 consists of an inner absorber body 2 made of suitable absorber material and a coating 4, although this is not explicitly shown.

For completeness, it should be noted that even with such

Applications with artificially created or opened body cavities a support body 1 1 may be provided, which then, for. can be fixed to a bone or other body part to keep the protective body 1 in a defined end position. Optionally, according to substitute body 9 together with the carrier body 1 1 for a

Planning computer tomogram are used.

Figs. 26 and 27 show another embodiment intended to be inserted into an artificial body cavity to be created by surgical intervention. This is a cross-sectionally U-shaped protective body 1, which e.g. can be used to protect the spine. Also, this protective body 1 preferably consists again of at least one absorber body 2 with a suitable coating 4, even if this is not explicitly shown again. FIG. 27 shows a highly schematic representation of the protective body 1 from FIG. 26 surgically introduced into the patient's body. The schematically illustrated tumor 21 to be treated by means of radiation therapy, which lies between the abdominal wall 22 and the vertebra 23, is shown. When performing a teletherapy from the ventral side 22, it is the case behind the tumor 21 vortex 23 and in particular the spinal cord 24 before

To protect irradiation. For this purpose, the shape of the shape of the

Vertebral body of the vertebra 23 adapted protective body 1 placed around the vertebral body in the illustrated form. As a result, at the abdominal irradiation of the Tumors 21 of the vertebrae 23 and in particular the spinal cord 24 protected accordingly. With 25 of schematically illustrated back of the patient is designated.

FIGS. 28 to 30 schematically show exemplary embodiments of the invention in which the coating 4 encloses at least one fillable volume 6 of the protective body 1, with a liquid one forming the absorber body 2

Absorber material preferably mercury, in the volume 6 can be filled or filled. The filling takes place in the embodiments shown here in each case via the connecting piece 27 and the inlet and outlet hoses 26. To introduce this so-formed protective body 1, this type of catheter by a smallest possible body opening to the appropriate place in

be brought to human or animal body. Only then is the liquid absorbent material 2, e.g. Mercury, via the connecting piece 27 and the inlet and outlet hose 26 in the fillable volume 6 in the coating. 4

brought in. If the volume 6 is filled accordingly with absorber material, the radiation therapy can be carried out. For removal of the catheter, it is then advisable, first the absorber material via the inlet and outlet hoses 26 and the connecting piece 27 from the fillable volume 6 again

suck out before the catheter is removed through the correspondingly small body opening again. The coating 4 is preferably a flexible balloon or hose-like body, which can be expanded and contracted accordingly by filling and removal of absorbent material. Of course, in appropriate embodiments and

Areas of application also coverings 4 conceivable, which form a rigid or at least partially and / or partially rigid cavity wall.

The last two embodiments according to FIGS. 31 to 34 show variants of protective bodies 1 according to the invention, in which at least the absorber body 2, here in each case the entire protective body 1, an opening and closing device 7 for opening and closing a through the absorber body 2, here by the entire protective body 1, 8 have through opening. These variants The invention can be used in particular when the protective body 1 has to be surgically inserted into an artificial cavity of the human or animal body and then radiation therapies are to be carried out in which certain radiation paths are to be allowed in certain forms of radiation which should be closed at other irradiation directions. Again, although not explicitly shown, the protective body 1, in turn, each composed of an inner absorber body 2, which with a

corresponding cover 4 is provided. The opening and closing device 7 is in each case realized in the form of an arrangement of slides, which can be moved, preferably remotely controlled from outside the body to be treated, between its closed and open position. In the shown

Embodiments even provided that each slide of the opening and closing device 7 can be controlled individually. The operation can be done electrically via corresponding motors and batteries and a corresponding receiver in the protective body 1 and a remote control. FIG. 32 shows an alternative variant in which the actuation of the slides of the opening and closing device 7 can take place hydraulically or pneumatically via the hoses 28.

L e g e to the reference numbers:

1 protective body

2 absorber body

3 surface

4 coating

5 minimum diameter

6 fillable volume

7 opening and closing device

8 opening

9 replacement bodies

10 outer contour

1 1 carrier body

12 fixing device

13 receiving opening

14 insertion direction

15 handle part

16 tooth part

17 snap lever

18 help spoons

19 insertion channel

20 kidney

21 tumor

22 abdominal wall

23 swirls

24 spinal cord

25 backs

26 inlet and outlet hose

27 connecting pieces

28 hose

Claims

Patent claims

Protective body (1) for insertion into a body cavity of a human or animal body to protect tissue and/or organs not to be irradiated when carrying out radiation therapy, characterized in that the protective body (1) has at least one absorber body

(2) for absorbing radiation with at least one curved and delimiting surface

(3) and the absorber body (2) has a density at 20 ° C of at least 5 grams per cubic centimeter, preferably of at least 10 grams per cubic centimeter. Protective body (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Protective body (1) has a coating (4) which encloses the absorber body (2), preferably completely, and which consists of a different material than the absorber body (2), preferably of at least one plastic or aluminum or an aluminum alloy at least has other material.

Protective body (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the coating

(4), preferably everywhere, has a wall thickness of at least 1 millimeter, preferably at least 2 millimeters.

Protective body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the absorber body (2) at least in some areas

Minimum diameter

(5) of 4 millimeters, preferably 10 millimeters.

Protective body (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the cover (4) has at least one fillable volume (6) of the protective body (1) encased, wherein a liquid absorber material, preferably mercury, can be filled or filled into the volume (6) to form the absorber body (2).

6. Protective body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least the absorber body (2) has an opening and closing device (7), in particular a slat or slide system, for opening and closing a through the absorber body (2 ), preferably through the protective body (1), has an opening (8).

7. Protective body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the absorber body (2) has or consists of a metal, preferably lead or mercury.

8. Protective body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the protective body (1) radiation measuring means, preferably

Dosimeter films and/or radiation measuring devices, preferably detectors.

9. Set with at least one protective body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the set, in addition to the protective body (1), at least one replacement body (9) made of another, preferably

more radiation-permeable material, wherein the protective body (1) and the replacement body (9) have an outer contour (10) that is identical to one another at least in some areas, preferably completely.

10. Set with at least one protective body (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, in particular according to claim 89, characterized in that the set additionally has at least one, at least partially in the body cavity

insertable carrier body (1 1), on which and / or in which the protective body (1) and optionally the replacement body (9) in a unique Position relative to the carrier body (1 1) can be arranged, preferably fixed.

1 1. Set according to claim 10, characterized in that the carrier body (1 1) has at least one fixing device (12) for fixing the carrier body (1 1) in the body or outside the body.

12. Set according to one of claims 9 to 1 1, characterized in that the protective body (1) has a coating (4) which, preferably completely, covers the absorber body (2), which is made of a different material than the absorber body (2). , preferably made of at least one plastic or aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or at least has such another material, the coating (4) encasing at least one fillable volume (6) of the protective body (1), the absorber body (2) being formed. a liquid absorber material, preferably

Mercury, can be filled or filled into the volume (6) and for

Formation of the replacement body (9) compared to the liquid one

Absorber material can be filled or filled with more radiation-permeable fluid, preferably air or water or saline solution.

13. Set according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the protective body (1) and / or the replacement body (9) and / or the carrier body (1 1) radiation measuring means, preferably dosimeter films, and / or

Radiation measuring devices, preferably detectors.

14. Set according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that

at least one radiation source is arranged directly in the carrier body (1 1).