EP2895673B1 - Motor vehicle door and method for acting on such a motor vehicle door - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle door, with a door leaf with drive, further comprising a magnetic device as part of the drive, and with at least one sensor associated with the door.

A motor vehicle door of the structure described above is exemplified in the DE 10 2007 026 796 A1 described. This is about a device for detecting open doors, flaps or the like of a motor vehicle. In this case, a braking and holding member is provided, which is equipped with relatively movable friction surfaces. The friction surfaces have made of magnetizable material existing friction body. In addition, the friction surfaces are durable by means of a closed magnetic flux through the friction body in a power plant position. The magnetic flux is generated by means of a magnetic field generating energizable coil. In addition, a sensor is realized, with the help of the opening position of the associated door or flap is queried.

In the known teaching, the material of the friction body on a reversible ferromagnetic property. As a result, the magnetic flux is retained even after switching off the magnetic field that can be generated by the coil, but can be canceled by applying a magnetic opposing field. Such friction body with reversible ferromagnetic properties are typically costly and problematic in terms of their reliability. Because motor vehicles and their associated motor vehicle doors are used in all climates of the earth, so they must be able to control temperature ranges of, for example, -40 ° C to 70 ° C and even more easily. Here are friction bodies with reversible ferromagnetic properties taking advantage of the reversibility due to the Curie effect Doubt appropriate. In fact, the Ferrites Curie temperature is about 100 ° C and more, depending on the composition of the material, so that temperature-induced impairments of the magnetic field generated are expected.

In a drive for a door according to the US 2006/0156630 A1 a planetary gear is provided which is equipped with an electromagnetic brake. With the help of this electromagnetic brake, the drive movement for the door can be stopped, if necessary.

Furthermore, the state of the art also includes a door lock according to the utility model DE 20 2008 011 513 U1 , In this door arrester, the force flow prevailing in the locking operation proceeds via a release mechanism, which has a separable connection and in particular a magnetic connection. Among other things, this magnetic connection is based on the magnetic attraction between a permanent magnet arrangement and a seat associated with the permanent magnet arrangement.

The finally still to be considered EP 1 249 637 B1 deals with a device for damping or suppressing vibrations in a moving system, in particular a vehicle drive unit. For this purpose, a chamber filled with a magnetorheological fluid is provided, in which a magnetic field can be generated. At least a portion of the chamber is crossed by a plurality of electrical conductors in which a current flow can be generated.

The previously known state of the art is - as far as the achievable reliability and possible applications in motor vehicles taking into account all climatic conditions - partly problematic. For example, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid changes according to the EP 1 249 637 B1 with the temperature, which may be Functional impairment results. As part of the DE 10 2007 026 796 A1 is to be expected that the local friction with reversible ferromagnetic properties at high temperatures may lose some of their magnetic force. Quite apart from this, both magnetorheological fluids and friction wheels with reversible ferromagnetic properties are relatively expensive to manufacture, and consequently are not suitable for mass applications such as motor vehicles. This also applies to the solution after the US 2006/0156630 A1 , which works in this context with a complex planetary gear. Here, the invention aims to provide a total remedy.

It is further on the pamphlets DE102008042183A1 . GB2307758A . EP 0625625A1 . WO2011 / 027764A1 . DE102009036870A1 . DE102004061686A1 and US2006 / 0202651A1 pointed.

The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing a motor vehicle door and a method for acting upon such a motor vehicle door in such a way that a functionally reliable operation is provided at the same time as a simple and inexpensive construction.

To achieve the object serve a motor vehicle door according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 6. Advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims.

To solve this technical problem, a generic motor vehicle door in the invention is characterized in that in response to a determined by means of the sensor speed and / or position of the door relative to a motor vehicle body, the magnetic device for selectively braking, holding or closing, opening the door by a side Control unit is energized. - The previously indicated different and overall illustrated functional states "braking, holding, closing, opening" can be realized individually, but also cumulatively, are therefore - if you will - connected by a "and / or" -knit.

The sensor may be a speed / position sensor. Typically, a so-called step counter or incremental encoder is used as the sensor. Such a sensor or pedometer is in capable of transmitting not only the position of the door panel opposite the vehicle body to the control unit supplied with the corresponding data. But in principle the sensor can also infer the speed of the door leaf from the time sequence of the steps.

In this way, the control unit is usually informed both about the position of the door leaf and its speed. Of course, this information also includes information as to which direction the door leaf is moving, for example, in the opening or closing sense. As a result of all this information, the control unit in turn ensures that the magnet device is energized.

The magnetic device is equipped with at least two electromagnetic coils and optionally additionally permanent magnets. As a result, a particularly simple and functional design is provided. In addition, such electromagnetic coils as well as permanent magnets of conventional design are particularly robust and reliable and temperature stable, at least as far as the usual field of application of motor vehicles and the associated temperature spectrum.

In this case, the electromagnetic coils can be energized either in the sense of mutual repulsion, mutual attraction and / or in the sense of repulsion / attraction of the additional permanent magnets. As a result, the individual different functional states can be easily implemented in terms of braking or holding the door leaf or in the sense of closing, opening the door leaf. Just as well, individual functional states can be realized together, for example, one after the other, so first of all "braking" and then "closing".

In this context, the magnetic device or the two electromagnetic coils typically realized at this location are usually energized in accordance with signals of the sensor processed in the control unit, specifically in the sense of regulation. That is, the signals emitted by the sensor are continuously detected by the control unit as a control variable and with the generally stored in the control unit reference variable, d. H. corresponding setpoints. The regulation now takes place in such a way that the signals of the sensor are adjusted to the reference variable.

In a concrete individual case, this means that, for example, the speed of the door leaf is slowed down so far with the aid of the magnet device until the then reached speed of the door leaf or the controlled variable of a control variable stored in the control unit, generally corresponds to a setpoint stored there. This setpoint may for example specify or map permissible or desired speeds of the door leaf.

Similarly, the control can work in conjunction with the control unit so that the door is no longer braked starting from a closing movement from a certain position relative to the vehicle body, but rather is changed from the mode "deceleration" in a mode "Zuziehen". This mode change is typically carried out as a function of a position of the door leaf relative to the vehicle body, which is detected by means of the sensor and can be set in the control unit.

For example, it is conceivable that the control unit in conjunction with the sensor distinguishes between different angular ranges of the door leaf relative to the motor vehicle body. The angle range indicates the included angle of the door leaf with respect to the vehicle body again, because it is at the door leaf or the associated motor vehicle door is typically a hinged side door. In principle, it is also possible to proceed in a comparable manner with a tailgate. In any case, the entire sweep angle that can be swept by the door can be subdivided, for example, into two areas, namely a closing / opening area and a braking area. The closing / opening area may correspond to the pivoting angle of the door leaf relative to the motor vehicle bodywork of approximately 0 ° to approximately 10 ° or approximately 15 ° to 20 °. The braking area, in contrast, belongs to pivoting angles of the door leaf relative to the motor vehicle bodywork of 10 ° or 15 ° or 20 ° up to the maximum pivoting angle, for example 80 ° or 90 °.

As a result of this distinction, the control unit is able to act on the magnetic device or realized in this context at least two electromagnetic coils so that they provide, for example, a deceleration of the door leaf, if the door is in the braking area and, for example, performs a manually predetermined closing movement , On the other hand, if the door leaf changes from the braking area to the closing / opening area, the mode change from "deceleration" to "closing" already described takes place.

Conversely, the closing / opening area can also be used to expose the door leaf within the closing / opening area by means of the magnetic device acted upon by the control unit. Following this, an operator can grasp the issued door leaf, for example, and then open it manually on its own. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable that the door is issued under completion of the closing / opening area and then a mode change from "Issue" to "Open", in such a way that for "opening" example, provides a separate opening drive or can provide.

In any case, the magnetic device can be energized so that the door is optionally braked, held, pulled or opened or issued. These different modes can be easily realized in the invention in that the two electromagnetic coils and optionally the permanent magnets are energized either in the sense of mutual repulsion or attraction or in the sense of repulsion / attraction of the additional permanent magnets. As a result, the magnetic device ultimately acts as a combined damping / braking / holding and driving device. In addition, the drive and magnetic device can be congruent.

The control unit ensures according to the position and speed of the door leaf relative to the vehicle body that the magnetic device in the sense of braking / holding or pulling / opening is applied. In addition, the control unit according to an advantageous embodiment also process and implement an operator request for the position and / or movement of the door leaf. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, that the door leaf is not only braked within the braking area already described above, but also finds a determination in an arbitrarily preselectable position within this braking area.

This can also be implemented with the aid of the magnetic device by the two electromagnetic coils undergo a corresponding energization. This holding request or an associated holding command can be articulated by the operator by, for example, a button operation evaluable by the control unit upon reaching the desired position of the door leaf. Of course, it is also conceivable to predetermine such a retention point before program. For this purpose, a corresponding menu control in the motor vehicle can be implemented. Also a remotely controllable Determination of the door leaf is within the scope of the invention. This can be done with, for example, a remote-controlled key by the operator.

As a result, a motor vehicle door and a method for acting on such a motor vehicle door in the sense of braking / locking and / or closing / opening are provided, which are characterized by special reliability, simple construction and thus a particularly cost-effective implementation. Because at the core only a magnetic device with at least two electromagnetic coils is required for implementation. The electromagnetic coils are approached or moved away from one another in the movement of the door leaf relative to the motor vehicle body. The relative movement of the electromagnetic coils relative to one another can thereby be implemented in the context of a toothed rack arrangement, which is in any case usually provided, in the region of an axis of rotation of the door leaf. In principle, the magnetic device can thus be placed in the region of a hinge axis, so that the housing can be protected and space-saving. Alternatively, the magnetic device can be positioned in the vicinity of a motor vehicle door lock, which is mounted in or on the door leaf. Alternatively or additionally, an arrangement on a pillar or generally the vehicle body is conceivable. Thus, it is of course within the scope of the invention that, for example, an electromagnetic coil in the region of the motor vehicle door lock and the other electromagnetic coil in or on, for example, a B-pillar is arranged. As a rule, however, the magnetic device is placed in the region of the hinge axis of the door leaf, as will be explained in more detail below.

Fig. 1

die erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeugtür schematisch in einer ersten Ausführungsform,

Fig. 2

eine erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeugtür in einer abgewandelten Variante und

Fig. 3

die Kraftfahrzeugtür nach den Fig. 1 und 2 in schematischer Darstellung.

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing showing only one embodiment. Show it:

Fig. 1

the motor vehicle door according to the invention schematically in a first embodiment,

Fig. 2

a motor vehicle door according to the invention in a modified variant and

Fig. 3

the motor vehicle door after the Fig. 1 and 2 in a schematic representation.

In the figures, a motor vehicle door is shown, which is equipped with a door leaf 1, which is about a hinge axis 3 relative to a motor vehicle body 2 in the in Fig. 3 can be pivoted manner and taking into account a total sweepable pivot angle α. Consequently, the motor vehicle door is a motor vehicle side door, although the conditions are similar in, for example, a tailgate.

The maximum swept by the door 1 swivel angle α defines an associated swivel range. This pivoting range or the swivel angle α is in turn subdivided into a braking range or braking angle β and a closing / opening range or an associated closing / opening angle γ. The closing / opening angle γ corresponds to an angle of approximately 0 ° to approximately 10 ° to 15 ° or even 20 ° relative to the motor vehicle body 2. The closing / opening angle γ is followed by the braking angle β of approximately 60 ° 70 °, which logically covers the range of about 10 ° or 15 ° up to the maximum pivoting angle of about 80 ° in the example case (see. Fig. 3 ).

Based on Fig. 1 and 2 It is clear that the motor vehicle door in addition to the door leaf 1 is additionally equipped with a drive 4, 5 and 4 respectively. The drive 4, 5 is in the example shown by the Fig. 1 from two electromagnetic coils 4 and a plurality of permanent magnets 5, which are arranged in an annular manner in comparison to the hinge axis 3. In the variant after Fig. 2 are provided as drive 4, only two electromagnetic coils 4.

In both cases, there is a magnetic device 4 in the form of the two electromagnetic coils 4 as part of the respective drive 4, 5 and 4. D. h., In the example, ultimately, the magnetic device 4 and the magnetic device 4 including the permanent magnet 5 and the associated Drive 4, 5 and 4 congruent. Finally, at least one of the door wing 1 associated sensor 6 belongs to the basic structure. The sensor 6 is a speed / position sensor, in the exemplary embodiment, a pedometer 6 or incremental encoder. The sensor 6 or pedometer 6 is coaxially to the hinge axis 3 on this in the context of Fig. 1 arranged. In the variant after Fig. 2 interacts the sensor or pedometer 6 with a rack 5, which is formed in the interior of the motor vehicle body 2 pivotally compared to an associated axis of rotation 8. As soon as the door 1 in the variant after Fig. 2 is closed or opened relative to the motor vehicle body 2, a gear 9 receiving the sensor 6 moves relative to the rack 5 or rolls on it. As a result, it is again possible to deduce the position of the door leaf 1 in comparison to the motor vehicle body 2 and its speed with the aid of the sensor or step counter 6.

In fact, the sensor or pedometer 6 provides information on the position in which the door leaf 1 is located opposite the motor vehicle body 2 or on the Fig. 3 related - which pivot angle α of the door 1 with respect to the vehicle body 2 is currently occupying. In addition, the sensor or pedometer 6 informs a connected control unit 7 as to which speed the door leaf 1 has and in which Direction he is moved, ie whether in closing or opening sense (cf. Fig. 1 ).

All this information is processed by the control unit 7 and converted into Bestromungssignale for the two electromagnetic coils 4, the output side of the control unit 7 are acted upon by this. In this context, the two electromagnetic coils 4 can be either in terms of mutual repulsion or mutual attraction with reference to the embodiment according to Fig. 2 apply. Alternatively, the two electromagnetic coils 4 in terms of repulsion / attraction with respect to the additional permanent magnet 5 in the context of the variant Fig. 1 energized.

The energization of the magnetic device 4 and the two electromagnetic coils 4 is carried out regularly in accordance with the processed in the control unit 7 signals of the sensor 6, in the sense of a scheme. For this purpose, corresponding reference variables or desired values are specified in the control unit 7, for example for the speed of the door leaf 1. For example, if the door leaf 1 exceeds a certain speed during a closing operation of the door leaf 1, the sensor 6 detects the associated closing speed and In this case, the control unit 7 ensures that the door leaf 1 is braked. The electromagnetic coils 4 are acted upon such that their braking effect is dimensioned so that the door 1 does not exceed the predetermined in the sense of a setpoint maximum speed. For example, it is conceivable, this maximum speed of the door leaf 1 to 1 m / sec. or limit less.

The interaction between the two electromagnetic coils 4 in the context of the embodiment according to Fig. 2 takes place such that the right in the example case electromagnetic coil 4 is connected to a stationary holder 10. In contrast, the in the Fig. 2 left electromagnetic coil 4 moves during a movement of the door leaf 1 relative to the motor vehicle body 2 about the axis or hinge axis 3, and linear, as an arrow in Fig. 2 suggests. The movement of the door leaf 1 thus corresponds to the fact that the left electromagnetic coil 4 moves relative to the holder 10.

For this purpose, the left electromagnetic coil 4 is connected to the gear 9, which meshes with the rack 5. In fact, the left electromagnetic coil 4 is compared with a guide rod 11 as part of the holder 10 reciprocated, in a closing movement of the door leaf 1 in the sense of reducing the distance to the stationary right electromagnetic coil 4 and in an opening movement of the door leaf 1 relative to the Motor vehicle body 2 such that the distance to the fixed electromagnetic coil 4 is increased.

Now, if in this scenario, the electromagnetic coils 4 are each energized so that the same poles, for example, north poles face each other, so an approximation of the two electromagnetic coils 4 causes repulsive forces are observed, which increase with decreasing distance and ultimately lead to the door leaf 1 is braked.

From a certain distance of the electromagnetic coils 4 to each other, which corresponds to the fact that the door 1 of the brake area or the associated brake angle β in the closing / opening area respectively the associated closing / opening angle γ passes, the electromagnetic coils 4 are typically energized so that form these now no longer equal but opposite magnetic poles. That is, the interaction between the two electromagnetic coils 4 goes from a repulsive force in an attractive force. This attracting force is used in the closing / opening area or the associated closing / opening angle γ to pull the door 1 relative to the motor vehicle body 2. In contrast, the electromagnetic coils 4 work in the braking area or at a braking angle β of the door leaf 1 with respect to the vehicle body repelling. That is, in the case of attraction, the drive 4 or the magnetic device 4 acts as a closing aid.

Conversely, it is also conceivable that the drive 4, 5 or 4 or the magnetic device 4 acts as an opening aid or Ausstellhilfe, namely ensures that when the motor vehicle door lock the door 1 is issued with respect to the vehicle body 2. This usually happens to the extent that after completion of the opening process of the door 1 has the closing / opening angle γ overlined.

In the alternative embodiment of the Fig. 1 No attraction or repulsion forces between the electromagnetic coils 4 are utilized, but rather repulsion / attraction forces between the electromagnetic coils 4 and associated and annularly arranged permanent magnets 5. Reference to the illustration in FIG Fig. 1 it can be seen that the permanent magnets 5 are arranged with alternating magnetic polarity on a ring, the circular in comparison to the hinge axis 3 undergoes an arrangement above the associated electromagnetic coils 4.

With the help of the control unit 7, the electromagnetic coils 4 can now be cyclically acted upon such that either an attraction or repulsion or between the associated permanent magnet 5 and the magnetic head opposite the head of the electromagnetic coil 4 forming magnetic pole Both are observed, namely, when, for example, the left electromagnetic coil 4 attracts the permanent magnet 5 located above it, whereas in the right electromagnetic coil 4 repulsion takes place in this context.

With the help of the sensor 6, the control unit 7 is informed in each case, which permanent magnet 5 is located in a position above each of which is to be acted upon electromagnetic coil 4. If, for example, magnetic north poles are located opposite the head of the associated electromagnetic coil 4 or in the immediate vicinity of this head, the control unit 7 can act on the associated electromagnetic coil 4 in such a way that it attracts the permanent magnet 5. For this purpose, the permanent magnet coil 4 is driven in such a way that in each case a south pole is formed on the head side. Since the permanent magnets 5 are supported in total by a disk 12 connected to the hinge axis 3 and the door leaf 1, this process corresponds to the door leaf 1 being decelerated.

The design can also be made so that with changing magnetic fields of the electromagnet 4 is operated such that the disc 12 is rotated. Thus, one will typically work when the door 1 sweeps over the closing / opening angle γ and, for example, in a pulling or opening sense, i. H. to be applied for pulling the door leaf 1 or its issuing.

Anyway, it is clear that the interaction of the two electromagnetic coils 4 with each other or their interaction with the permanent magnet 5 of the door 1 in the sense of braking / holding or pulling / opening can be moved by the interaction. For this purpose, finally, the magnetic device 4 or the drive 4 or 4, 5 in summary, in accordance with processed in the control unit 7 signals of the sensor. 6

Claims (9)

1. Motor vehicle door, comprising a door leave (1) with a drive (4; 4, 5), further comprising a magnet device (4) as component of the drive (4; 4 ,5), and comprising at least one sensor (6) that is assigned to the door leave (1), wherein the magnet device (4) is composed in such a way that depending on a velocity determined by means of the sensor (6) and/or on a position of the door leave (1) relative to a motor vehicle body (2), the magnet device (4) allows to be energized by a control unit (7) selectively for breaking, holding or closing, opening of the door leave (1), characterized in that there are only provided two electromagnet coils (4) as drive (4) in such a way that one electromagnet coil (4) is connected in a stationary manner to a support (10) of the motor vehicle body (2) and one electromagnet coil (4) is moved in a linear manner when there is a movement of the door leave (1) relatively to the motor vehicle body (2), or the drive (4, 5) is composed of two electromagnet coil (4) and several permanent magnets (5), which are arranged ring-like about a hinge axis (3), about which the door leave (1) can be pivoted relatively to the motor vehicle body (2).
2. Motor vehicle door according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (6) is embodied as velocity / position sensor.
3. Motor vehicle door according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensor (6) is a pedometer (6).
4. Motor vehicle door according to claim 3, characterized in that both of the electromagnet coils (4) are energized selectively for a mutual repulsion, for a mutual attraction, and/or for a mutual repulsion / attraction of the additional permanent magnets (5).
5. Motor vehicle door according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the magnet device (4) is energized based on signals of the sensor (6) that are processed in the control unit (7) in the sense of a regulation.
6. Method for acting upon a door leave (1) of a motor vehicle door for breaking, holding or closing, opening, wherein the motor vehicle door is equipped with a door leave (1) comprising a drive (4; 4, 5), further comprising a magnet device (4) as component of the drive (4; 4 ,5), and comprising at least one sensor (6) that is assigned to the door leave (1), wherein the sensor (6) determines the velocity and/or position of the door leave (1) relative to a motor vehicle body (2) and transmits it to a control unit (7), and wherein the control unit (7), depending on signals of the sensor (6), energizes the magnet device (4) in such a way that the door leave (1) is selectively braked, hold or closed, opened or switched off, wherein there are only provided two electromagnet coils (4) as drive (4) in such a way that one electromagnet coil (4) is connected in a stationary manner to a support (10) of the motor vehicle body (2) and one electromagnet coil (4) is moved in a linear manner when there is a movement of the door leave (1) relatively to the motor vehicle body (2), or the drive (4, 5) is composed of two electromagnet coil (4) and several permanent magnets (5), which are arranged ring-like about a hinge axis (3), about which the door leave (1) can be pivoted relatively to the motor vehicle body (2).
7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensor (6) detects and transmits the velocity and position of the door leave (1) relative to the motor vehicle body (2) to the control unit (7).
8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the control unit (7) acts upon the magnet device (4) for breaking / holding or closing / opening based on the position and velocity of the door leave (1) relative to the motor vehicle body (2).
9. Method according to one of the claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the control unit (7) additionally processes and realized a desire of the user with respect to the position and/or movement of the door leave (1).

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