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EP2888382B2 - Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2888382B2
EP2888382B2 EP13756051.2A EP13756051A EP2888382B2 EP 2888382 B2 EP2888382 B2 EP 2888382B2 EP 13756051 A EP13756051 A EP 13756051A EP 2888382 B2 EP2888382 B2 EP 2888382B2
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Prior art keywords
aluminium alloy
alloy strip
rolling
maximum
aluminum alloy
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English (en)
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EP2888382B1 (fr
EP2888382A1 (fr
Inventor
Henk-Jan Brinkman
Olaf Engler
Thomas Hentschel
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Speira GmbH
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Speira GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum alloy strip consisting of an aluminum alloy of type AA 5xxx, which, in addition to Al and unavoidable impurities, has a Mg content of at least 4% by weight.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention and to a component produced from an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • Aluminum-magnesium (AlMg) alloys of type AA 5xxx are used in the form of sheets, plates or strips for the construction of welded or joined structures in shipbuilding, automobile construction and aircraft construction. They are characterized in particular by their high strength, which increases with increasing magnesium content.
  • Aluminium alloy strips of type AA5182 with a Mg content of at least 4 wt.% are also known from the paper Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Composites by Kang et al. and from the paper Comparison of recrystallization textures in cold-rolled DC and CC AA 5182 aluminum alloys by Liu et al., as well as from the US 2003/0150587 A1
  • the paper Hot-Tear Susceptibility of Aluminum Wrought Alloys and the Effect of Grain Refining by Lin et al. concerns round bars made of its AA5182 alloy.
  • the DE 102 31 437 A1 relates to corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy sheets, whereby sufficient resistance to intergranular corrosion is achieved by the addition of Zn in a content of more than 0.4 wt.%.
  • AlMg alloys of type AA 5xxx with Mg contents of more than 3%, especially more than 4%, are increasingly prone to intergranular corrosion when exposed to elevated temperatures.
  • ⁇ -Al 5 Mg 3 phases precipitate along the grain boundaries, which are referred to as ⁇ particles and can be selectively dissolved in the presence of a corrosive medium.
  • the aluminum alloy of type AA 5182 Al 4.5% Mg 0.4% Mn
  • a corrosive medium for example water in the form of moisture, is to be expected.
  • Susceptibility to intergranular corrosion is usually tested in a standard test according to ASTM G67, in which the samples are exposed to nitric acid and the mass loss due to the release of ⁇ -particles is measured.
  • ASTM G67 the mass loss for materials that are not resistant to intergranular corrosion is more than 15 mg/cm 2 .
  • the present invention is based on the object of proposing an aluminum alloy strip made of an AlMg alloy which, despite high strengths and a Mg content of more than 4% by weight, is resistant to intergranular corrosion, in particular even after forming and subsequent exposure to heat.
  • a manufacturing process is to be specified with which aluminum strips resistant to intergranular corrosion can be produced.
  • components of a motor vehicle that are resistant to intergranular corrosion for example body components or body attachments such as doors, hoods and tailgates or other structural parts, but also component parts made of an aluminum alloy of type AA 5xxx, are to be proposed.
  • Remainder Al and unavoidable impurities individually maximum 0.05 wt.%, in total maximum 0.15 wt.%, wherein the aluminium alloy strip is cold rolled and annealed and the aluminium alloy strip has a yield strength Rp0.2 of more than 120 MPa and a tensile strength Rm of more than 260 MPa.
  • An aluminum alloy strip with a recrystallized structure can be provided by hot strips or annealed cold strips.
  • Extensive studies have shown that there is a relationship between grain size, magnesium content and resistance to intergranular corrosion. Since the grain size of a material is always in the form of a distribution, all information provided on grain size refers to the average grain size. The average grain size can be determined according to ASTM E1382. With a sufficiently large grain size, i.e. if the grain size is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the grain size according to the invention in relation to the Mg content of the aluminum alloy strip, resistance to intergranular corrosion can be achieved so that the mass loss in the ASTM G67 test drops to below 15 mg/cm 2.
  • Corresponding aluminum strips can therefore be described as resistant to intergranular corrosion. This was demonstrated for the above-mentioned aluminum strips in the undeformed state after a simulated cathodic dip-painting cycle and after a simulated cathodic dip-painting cycle including a subsequent operating load of a maximum of 500 hours at 80°C. The resistance to intergranular corrosion was also demonstrated for the above-mentioned strips when the material is stretched by 15% before the cathodic dip-painting cycle and the operating load in order to simulate the formation into a component. As a result, the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention provides high strengths and yield points due to its relatively high Mg content and is also resistant to intergranular corrosion. It is therefore very suitable for use in heat-stressed areas in automotive construction.
  • the remainder Al and unavoidable impurities individually maximum 0.05 wt.%, in total maximum 0.15 wt.%.
  • Mg 4.45 wt.% to 4.8 wt.%
  • the maximum grain size is 50 ⁇ m, since the process reliability decreases when producing aluminum strips with grain sizes of more than 50 ⁇ m from an aluminum alloy of type AA 5xxx with a Mg content of at least 4% by weight.
  • a maximum grain size of 50 ⁇ m can be achieved with process stability.
  • the process stability for producing structures with controlled grain size increases with decreasing grain size.
  • the production of an aluminum alloy strip with a maximum grain size of 45 ⁇ m, preferably a maximum of 40 ⁇ m, is therefore associated with increasing process stability.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has a thickness of 0.5 mm - 5 mm and is therefore ideally suited for most applications, for example in automobile construction.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is cold rolled and then soft annealed. Recrystallizing soft annealing usually takes place at temperatures of 300°C - 500°C and makes it possible to eliminate the hardening introduced during the rolling process and to ensure good formability of the aluminum alloy strip. In addition, cold rolled, soft annealed and therefore recrystallized strips can be used to provide lower final thicknesses than recrystallized hot strips.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has a yield strength R p0.2 of more than 120 MPa and a tensile strength R m of more than 260 MPa.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention which is resistant to intergranular corrosion, thus also exceeds the strength properties of an aluminum alloy of type AA5182 required by DIN485-2.
  • the elongation values with a uniform elongation A g of at least 19% and an elongation at break A 80mm of at least 22% also far exceed the values required by DIN485-2.
  • the process steps listed result in a grain size after annealing that satisfies the dependency on the Mg content listed above, due to the low degree of rolling during cold rolling of the aluminum alloy strip to the final thickness.
  • the degree of rolling to the final thickness is used to set the hardening of the strip before annealing, which determines the resulting grain size.
  • the degree of rolling before annealing i.e. the degree of rolling of the final thickness during cold rolling
  • the degree of rolling before annealing is limited to less than 40%, preferably a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably a maximum of 25%.
  • an additional cold rolling step takes place after an intermediate annealing at 300°C - 500°C.
  • the aluminum alloy strip which has been strongly hardened by cold rolling, is recrystallized and converted back into a formable state.
  • the subsequent cold rolling step with a degree of rolling of less than 40%, preferably a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably a maximum of 25%, means that, in conjunction with the Mg content of the aluminum alloy used, the grain size can be adjusted to the required ratio.
  • a degree of rolling of less than 40% preferably a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably a maximum of 25%
  • the soft annealing and/or the intermediate annealings take place in a batch furnace, in particular a chamber furnace, or a continuous furnace. Both furnaces provide a sufficiently coarse grain structure, which ensures resistance to intergranular corrosion. Batch furnaces are usually not as expensive to operate and purchase as continuous furnaces.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by a component for a motor vehicle which consists at least partially of an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • the component is usually subjected to painting, preferably cathodic dip painting. Nevertheless, there are also possible uses for unpainted components made from the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • the aluminum alloy strip has excellent properties in terms of strength, forming properties and resistance to intergranular corrosion, so that the heat load during painting, a baking process that typically takes 20 minutes at around 185°C, has little influence on the resistance of the component to intergranular corrosion.
  • Forming into a component which was simulated by stretching by 15% transverse to the original rolling direction, also has only a minor influence on the resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • the values for the mass loss according to ASTM G67 are less than 15 mg/cm 2 .
  • operation in temperature-stressed areas which was simulated by a heat load of 200 or 500 hours at 80°C, only has a minor influence on the resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • the mass loss values according to ASTM G67 are less than 15 mg/cm 2 even after corresponding temperature stress.
  • a component is particularly advantageous if it is designed as a body or body attachment part of a motor vehicle.
  • Typical body parts are the fender or parts of the floor assembly, the roof, etc.
  • Body attachment parts are generally doors and tailgates, etc. that are not firmly connected to the motor vehicle.
  • Invisible body components or body attachment parts are preferably made from the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention. These are, for example, inner door parts or inner parts of tailgates, but also floor panels, etc.
  • a typical heat load for such components of a motor vehicle, for example inner door parts is caused, for example, by sunlight during operation of a motor vehicle.
  • body or body attachment parts of a motor vehicle are generally exposed to moisture, for example in the form of splash water or condensation, so that resistance to intergranular corrosion must be required.
  • the body or body attachment parts according to the invention made from an aluminum alloy strip according to the present invention, meet these conditions and also ensure a weight advantage over the steel structures used to date.
  • the grain size varied, for example, from 16 ⁇ m to 61 ⁇ m, the final rolling degree from 17% to 57%.
  • the final annealing was carried out either in a chamber furnace (KO) or in a continuous strip furnace (BDLO).
  • Fig. 1 shows the sequence of examples for the production of aluminum strips.
  • the flow chart of Fig.1 shows schematically the various process steps of the manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • step 1 a rolling ingot made of an aluminum alloy of type AA 5xxx with a Mg content of at least 4 wt.% is cast, for example in DC continuous casting.
  • the rolling ingot is then subjected to homogenization in process step 2, which can be carried out in one or more stages. During homogenization, temperatures of the rolling ingot of 480 to 550 °C are reached for at least 0.5 h.
  • process step 3 the rolling ingot is then hot rolled, with typical temperatures of 280 °C to 500 °C being reached.
  • the final thicknesses of the hot strip are, for example, 2 to 12 mm.
  • the final hot strip thickness can be selected so that after hot rolling only a single cold rolling step 4 takes place, in which the hot strip is reduced in thickness with a rolling degree of less than 40%, preferably a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably a maximum of 25%.
  • the aluminium alloy strip, cold rolled to final thickness, is then subjected to soft annealing.
  • the soft annealing was carried out in a continuous furnace or in a chamber furnace in order to determine the dependence of the To test corrosion properties of the chamber or continuous furnace.
  • the second method with an intermediate annealing was used.
  • the hot strip is fed to a cold roller 4a, which has a rolling degree of more than 30% or more than 50%, so that the aluminum alloy strip preferably recrystallizes throughout during a subsequent intermediate annealing.
  • the intermediate annealing was carried out either in a continuous furnace at 400 °C to 450 °C or in a chamber furnace at 330 °C to 380 °C.
  • the intermediate annealing is in Fig. 1 with the process step 4b.
  • process step 4c according to Fig. 1 the intermediately annealed aluminum alloy strip is finally fed to a cold rolling process to the final thickness, with the degree of rolling in process step 4c being less than 40%, preferably a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably a maximum of 25%.
  • the aluminum alloy strip is then returned to the soft state by soft annealing, with the soft annealing being carried out either in a continuous furnace at 400 °C to 450 °C or in a chamber furnace at 330 °C to 380 °C.
  • different aluminum alloys and different degrees of rolling after the intermediate annealing were set in addition to different ones.
  • the values for the degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing are also shown in Table 1.
  • the grain size of the annealed aluminum alloy strip was measured in each case.
  • the aluminum alloy strips were also subjected to various heat treatments before the corrosion test.
  • a first heat treatment consisted of storing the aluminum strips for 20 minutes at 185 °C to simulate the KTL cycle.
  • the aluminum alloy strips were stored for an additional 200 hours or 500 hours at 80 °C and then subjected to the corrosion test. Since forming of aluminum alloy strips or sheets can also influence corrosion resistance, the aluminum alloy strips were stretched by around 15% in a further test, subjected to heat treatment or storage at an elevated temperature and then subjected to an intergranular corrosion test in accordance with ASTM G67, in which the mass loss was measured.
  • examples 11 to 19 can all be classified as resistant to intergranular corrosion. This also applies to their use in motor vehicles with thermal stress and the presence of moisture or a corrosive medium.
  • examples 12, 14, 16 and 17 showed the mechanical properties of an aluminum alloy strip of type AA 5182 required by DIN EN 485-2.
  • Fig. 2 The diagram shows the measured grain sizes as a function of the Mg content in wt.%. In addition to the measuring points, the diagram also contains two curves A and B.
  • the straight line A shows the grain sizes above which the aluminum alloy strip can be described as resistant to intergranular corrosion at a specific Mg content.
  • Curve B shows the limit from which the aluminium alloy strips have a yield strength that is too low, less than 110 MPa, so that they cannot be considered alloy AA 5182 according to DIN EN485-2.
  • Fig. 3 a typical component of a motor vehicle, shown schematically in the form of an inner door part.
  • Inner door parts 6 are usually made of steel.
  • the aluminum alloy strips produced show that the provision of high strengths with resistance to intergranular corrosion can also be achieved, provided that the grain size ratio in relation to the Mg content is adjusted according to the invention.
  • the component according to the invention according to Fig. 3 is significantly lighter than a comparable component made of steel and is nevertheless resistant to intergranular corrosion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium, constituée d'un alliage d'aluminium de type AA 5xxx comportant, outre Al et des impuretés inévitables, une teneur en Mg d'au moins 4 % en poids,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    la bande d'alliage d'aluminium présente une structure recristallisée, la taille de grain (KG) de la structure dépendant de la teneur en MG (c_Mg) en % en poids selon la relation suivante : KG ≥ 22 + 2 * c_Mg
    Figure imgb0012
    et que l'alliage d'aluminium de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium présente la composition suivante en % en poids : Si ≤ 0,2 %, Fe ≤ 0,35 %, 0,04 % ≤ Cu ≤ 0,08 %, 0,2 % ≤ Mn ≤ 0,5 %, 4,35 % ≤ Mg ≤ 4,8 %, Cr ≤ 0,1 %, Zn ≤ 0,25 %, Ti ≤ 0,1 %,
    le reste étant Al et des impuretés inévitables dont chacune représente au maximum 0,05 % en poids, leur somme représentant au maximum 0,15 % en poids, où ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium a subi un laminage à froid et un recuit d'adoucissement et ladite bande alliage d'aluminium présente une limite d'élasticité Rp0,2 supérieure à 120 MPa et une résistance à la traction Rm supérieure à 260 MPa.
  2. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    la taille de grain (KG) de la structure de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium dépend de la teneur en MG (c_Mg) en % en poids selon la relation suivante : KG < 253 265 − 50 * c _ Mg 2
    Figure imgb0013
  3. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    l'alliage d'aluminium de ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium comporte 4,45 % ≤ Mg ≤ 4,8 %.
  4. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite taille de grain est inférieure ou égale à 50 µm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 40 µm.
  5. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium présente une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 5 mm.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'une bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - coulée d'une billette
    - homogénéisation de la billette pendant au moins 0,5 h à 480 °C à 550 °C,
    - laminage à chaud de la billette à une température comprise entre 280 °C et 500 °C,
    - laminage à froid de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium pour atteindre l'épaisseur finale, le taux de réduction étant inférieure à 40 %, de préférence à 30 % au maximum, avec une préférence particulière à 25 % au maximum,
    - recuit d'adoucissement de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium laminée finie à 300 °C à 500 °C.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, ledit laminage à chaud étant, selon une variante, suivi des étapes de procédé indiquées ci-après :
    - laminage à froid de ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium, à l'issue du laminage à chaud, le taux de réduction étant d'au moins 30 %, préférentiellement d'au moins 50 %,
    - recuit intermédiaire de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium à 300 °C à 500 °C,
    - ensuite, laminage à froid pour atteindre l'épaisseur finale, le taux de réduction étant inférieure à 40 %, de préférence à 30 % au maximum, avec une préférence particulière à 25 % au maximum,
    - recuit d'adoucissement de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium laminée finie à 300 °C à 500 °C.
  8. Procédé selon les revendications 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le recuit intermédiaire et/ou le recuit d'adoucissement est réalisé dans un four à chargement par lots ou dans un four à passage continu.
  9. Pièce destinée à un véhicule à moteur, constituée au moins partiellement d'une bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5.
  10. Pièce selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite pièce est une pièce de carrosserie ou une pièce à rapporter sur une carrosserie de véhicule à moteur.
EP13756051.2A 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication Active EP2888382B2 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12181356 2012-08-22
PCT/EP2013/067484 WO2014029853A1 (fr) 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Bande d'alliage d'aluminium résistante à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication
EP13756051.2A EP2888382B2 (fr) 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication

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EP2888382A1 EP2888382A1 (fr) 2015-07-01
EP2888382B1 EP2888382B1 (fr) 2016-11-23
EP2888382B2 true EP2888382B2 (fr) 2025-02-26

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US (1) US10550456B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2888382B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP6270844B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101803520B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN104781430A (fr)
CA (1) CA2882691C (fr)
ES (1) ES2613857T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2888382T (fr)
RU (1) RU2606664C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014029853A1 (fr)

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ES2569664T3 (es) 2012-08-28 2016-05-12 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh Aleación de aluminio resistente a la corrosión intercristalina
CN107810284A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2018-03-16 诺维尔里斯公司 高强度5xxx铝合金以及其制造方法
ES2700140T3 (es) * 2015-06-25 2019-02-14 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Prod Banda de AlMg de alta resistencia y adecuadamente conformable así como procedimiento para su fabricación
KR102044949B1 (ko) * 2016-04-19 2019-11-14 하이드로 알루미늄 롤드 프로덕츠 게엠베하 부식 방지 층을 구비하는 알루미늄 복합 재료
HUE060741T2 (hu) * 2018-06-11 2023-04-28 Novelis Koblenz Gmbh Al-Mg-Mn ötvözetbõl készült, fokozott korrózióellenállással rendelkezõ lemeztermék elõállításának módszere
JP7233533B2 (ja) * 2018-11-15 2023-03-06 シュトゥート・テオドール 第一の金属ストリップと少なくとも１つの更なる金属ストリップとからロールプロファイリングにより原線材を製造する方法
RU2722950C1 (ru) * 2020-02-07 2020-06-05 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Сплав на основе алюминия и способ получения изделия из него
CA3207291A1 (fr) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Novelis Inc. Variantes d'alliage d'aluminium 5xxx a haute resistance et leurs procedes de preparation
CN114480928A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-13 全良金属(苏州)有限公司 一种电子产品用高强铝板及其制造方法
CN116855802A (zh) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-10 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种压力容器用高性能5083铝合金中厚板及制造方法
CN115652152B (zh) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-17 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 可细化mig焊缝晶粒的5xxx铝合金、其制备方法及应用

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KR20150065678A (ko) 2015-06-15
US10550456B2 (en) 2020-02-04
US20160273084A2 (en) 2016-09-22
JP2016504483A (ja) 2016-02-12
CN110592441A (zh) 2019-12-20
PT2888382T (pt) 2017-02-10
US20150159251A1 (en) 2015-06-11
CA2882691C (fr) 2017-11-07
KR101803520B1 (ko) 2017-11-30
CN104781430A (zh) 2015-07-15
JP6270844B2 (ja) 2018-01-31
RU2015110064A (ru) 2016-10-10
RU2606664C2 (ru) 2017-01-10
WO2014029853A1 (fr) 2014-02-27
CA2882691A1 (fr) 2014-02-27
EP2888382A1 (fr) 2015-07-01
ES2613857T3 (es) 2017-05-26

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